FIBER SUBSTRATES

The present invention relates to aqueous cleaning compositions which clean, as well as provide water and oil repellency to fibers and fiber substrates, and which are especially suitable in aerosol preparations Carpeted surfaces and carpet fibers frequently require treatment in order to remove stains or to otherwise improve or freshen a carpet's appearance Unfortunately, many carpet fiber treatments and treatment compositions when applied frequently wear away with time due to the normal wear and tear associated with an installed carpet surface, and/or may be deleteπously degraded and/or removed by one or more chemicals or other compositions which may be used in the intensive cleaning of a carpet surface While the prior art has proposed many such cleaning compositions, they have not uniformly met with success Accordingly there remains a need in the art for improved carpet cleaning compositions which impart good cleaning as well as both water repellency and/or repellency to carpet fibers and carpet surfaces treated with such a composition

Accordingly certain deficiencies of such prior art compositions are addressed and overcome by the present invention which provide aqueous cleaning and surface treatment compositions for imparting oil and water repellency to treated surfaces which comprise the following constituents-

(a) fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyal ylene) compound,

(b) anti-resoihng composition,

(c) aniomc surfactant compound, preferably one or more selected from alkyl sulfates, alkyl benzene sulfates, and alkane sulfonates as well as salts thereof,

(d) organic solvent,

(e) citric acid salts, preferably one or more anhydrous or dihydrous sodium citrates ( water

The compositions of the invention are at a neutral or alkaline pH, desirably at a pH in the range of from 7 to 10, and desirably do not contain salts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, especially ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid salts The compositions impart good water and oil repellent properties to treated carpet surfaces, and are shelf stable when packaged into pressurized aerosol containers. The compositions according to the invention may optionally, but in some cases desirably include one or more additives selected fronr (g) preservatives, coloring agents such as dyes and pigments, fragrances, pH adjusting agents, buffer compositions, further anti-soiling agents and resoihng inhibitors, optical bπghteners, further solvents or surfactants especially non-ionic surfactant compounds, as well as one or more further fluorosurfactant compositions.

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These aqueous compositions are efficacious cleaning compositions which provide not only a cleaning benefit to treated surfaces, particularly to carpeted surfaces and carpet fibers but which also impart both water and oil repellency to treated substrates These aqueous compositions are alkaline in nature, having a pH of at least about 8 Further, these aqueous compositions are particularly useful in aerosol containers, as well as in manually pumpable dispensing devices.

The compositions according to the invention exhibit excellent shelf stability, particulary when packaged in conventional pressurized aerosol containers and subjected to accelerated ageing testing at 120 deg. F, for a four-week test period. Compositions subjected to such a test were observed to be phase stable, and little or no corrosion of the interior of the pressurized aerosol containers were observed.

The fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound of constituent (a) is a fluoroahphatic oligomer or polymer (the term "oligomer" hereinafter includes polymer unless otherwise indicated) which may be represented by the general formule-

(Rf) _s Z[(R ³ )yZ'B] _t ( 1) [(Rf) _s Z[(R ³ )yZ ^' B ^' ] _t ]w (2) where

Rf is a fluoroahphatic radical,

3 Z is a linkage through which Rf and (R )y moieties are covalently bonded together,

3 3

(R )y is a poly(oxyalkylene) moiety, R being an oxyalkylene group with 2 to 4 carbon atoms and y is an integer (where the above formulas are those of individual compounds) or a number

(where the above formulas are those of mixtures) at least 1 , preferably 1 to 125 and can be as high as 180 or higher,

B is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent terminal organic radical,

B' is B or a valence bond, with the proviso that at least one B' is a valence bond interconnecting

3 a Z-bonded R radical to another Z.

3 Z' is a linkage through which B, or B', and R are covalently bonded together, s is an integer or number of at least 1 and can be as high as 25 or higher, t is an integer or number of at least 1 , and can be as high as 60 or higher, and w is an integer or number greater than 1 , and can be as high as 30 or higher. In formulas (1) and (2), where there were a plurality of Rf radicals, these may be either the

3 same or different. This also applies to a plurality of Z, Z', R , B, B', and, in formula (2), a plurality of s, y and t.

Rf is a stable, inert, nonpolar, preferably saturated monovalent moiety which is both oleophobic and hydrophobic. A fluorinated oligomer preferably compπses from 1 to about 25 Rf groups and preferably comprises about 5 percent to about 30 percent, and more preferably about 8 percent to about 20 percent fluorine by weight based on the total weight of the oligomer, the loci of the fluorine being essentially in the Rf groups. Rf preferably contains at least about 3 carbon atoms,

more preferably 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, and most preferably about 6 to about 12 carbon atoms. Rf can contain straight chain, branched chain, or cyclic alkyl groups. Rf is preferably free of polymeπzable olefinic unsaturation and can optionally contain caternary heteroatoms such as oxygen, divalent or hexavalent sulfur, or nitrogen. It is preferred that each Rf contain about 40% to about 78% fluorine by weight, more preferably about 50% to about 78% fluorine by weight. The terminal portion of the Rf group contains a fully fluorinated terminal group. This terminal group preferably contains at least 7 fluorine atoms, e.g., CF3CF2CF2, (CF3)2CF; CF2SF5, or the like. Perfluoπnated aliphatic groups, i.e., those of the formula CπF2n+1 , are the most preferred embodiments of Rf Generally, the o gomers will contain about 5 to 40 weight percent, preferably about 10 to 30 weight percent, of carbon-bonded fluorine.

In the poly(oxyalkylene) radical, (R 3 )y , R 3 is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as — OCH2CH2— , — OCH2CH2CH2— , — OCH(CH3)CH2— , and

— OCH(CH3)CH(CH3) — , the oxyalkylene units in said poly(oxyalkylene) being the same, as in poly(oxypropylene), or present as a mixture, as in a heteπc straight or branched chain or randomly distributed oxyethylene and oxypropylene units or as in a straight or branched chain of blocks of oxyethylene units and blocks of oxypropylene units The poly(oxyalkylene) chain can be interrupted by or include one or more catenary linkages Where said catenary linkages have three or more valences, they provide a means for obtaining a branched chain of blocks of oxyalkylene units. The poly(oxyalkylene) radicals in the ohgomers can be the same or different, and they can be pendent.

The molecular weight of the poly(oxyalkylene) radical can be about 500 to 2,500 and higher, e.g., 100,000 to 200,000 or higher.

The function of the linkages Z and Z' is to covalently bond the fluoroahphatic radicals, Rf, the poly(oxyalkylene moieties, (R 3 )y and radicals B and B' together in the oligomer. Z and Z' can be a valence bond, for example, where a carbon atom of a fluoroahphatic radical is bonded or linked directly to a carbon atom of the poly(oxyalkylene) moiety. Z and Z' each can also comprise one or more linking groups such as polyvalent aliphatic and polyvalent aromatic, oxy, thio, carbonyl, sulfone, sulfoxy, phosphoxy, amine, and combinations thereof, such as oxyalkylene, lminoalkylene, imimoarylene, sulfonamido, carbonamido, sulfonamidoalkylene, carbonamidoalkylene, urethane, urea, and ester. The linkages Z and Z' for a specific oligomer will be dictated by the ease of preparation of such an oligomer and the availability of necessary precursors thereof.

Illustrative linking groups Z are alkylene groups, such as ethylene, isobutylene, hexylene, and methylenedicyclohexylene, having 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, aralkylene groups, such as

having up to 20 carbon atoms, arylene groups, such as tolylene, — C5H3(CH3) — , poly(oxyalkylene) groups, such as —

(C2H4θ)yC2H4 — where y is 1 to about 5, and various combinations of these groups. Such groups

can also include other hetero moieties (besides — O — ), including — S — and — N — However, Z is preferably free of groups with active hydrogen atoms

From the above description of Z and Z' it is apparent that these linkages can have a wide variety of structures, and in fact where either is a valence bond, it does not even exist as a structure However large Z or Z' is, the fluorine content (the locus of which is Rf) is in the aforementioned limits set forth in the above description, and in general the total Z and Z' content of the oligomer is preferably less than 10 weight percent of the oligomer

The monovalent terminal organic radical. B, is one which is covalently bonded through Z', to the poly(oxyalkylene) radical Though the nature of B can vary, it preferably is such that it complements the poly(oxyalkylene) moiety m maintaining or establishing the desired solubility of the oxyalkylene

The radical B can be a hydrogen atom, an acyl radical such as

C6H5C(0) — , an alkyl radical, preferably lower alkyl, such as methyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, mercaptoethyl and aminoethyi, or an aryl radical, such as phenvl, chlorophenyl, methoxyphenyl, nonylphenyl, hydroxphenyl, and aminophenyl Generally, Z'B \\ ill be less than 50 weight percent of

3 the (R )yZ'B moiety

The fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compounds used in the compositions according to the present invention can be prepared by a variety of known methods, such as by condensation, free radical, or ionic homopolymeπzation or copolymeπzation using solution, suspension, or bulk polymerization techniques, e g , see "Preparative Methods of Polymer

Chemistry", Sorenson and Campbell, 2nd ed . Interscience Publishers Such fluoroahphatic radical- containing poly(oxyalkylene) compounds are commercially available In one preferred embodiment of the invention the fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound contains a fluoroalkyl radical having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein perfluoroalkyl radicals are particularly preferred In a further preferred embodiment the fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound can contain 1 to 15, but more preferably 1-2, and most preferably an average of about 1 5 ethylene and/or propylene radicals per molecule of the fluoroahphatic radical- containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound

A particularly advantageous fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound which may be used as constituent (a) of the present invention is one which is presently commercially available as FLUORAD© FC-138 from the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co (St Paul, MN) which is described as being a composition consisting essentially of 37% wt water, 27% wt of the fluorochemical salt, 18%wt of isopropyl alcohol, and 18%wt of 2-butoxyethanol While not wishing to be bound to the following representation, it is believed that this advantageous fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound is a fluorochemical salt is extremely similar to or which may be represented by the following general structure

C ₈ F _{1 7} N(CH3)(CH2)3(A)nOSθ2 ^" X ⁺ in which n represents a value of between 1 and 3, preferably is a value of from 1 to 2 inclusive, and most preferably is a value of about 1.5; A represents an ethoxy (OC2H4), propoxy (OC3H6) or a mixture of both, but preferably represents ethoxy; X is a salt forming counteπon such as an alkali or alkaline earth metal counteπon.

Useful fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compounds which find use in the compositions of the invention include those which are described or referenced m US 5,370,919 to Fiews et al., the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.

This fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound according to constituent (a) is included in the compositions of the invention in amounts of from between about 0.00 l%wt. to about 3%wt.; more desirably the fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound is present in an amount of from 0 05%wt. to about 2.0%wt. based on the total weight of the composition Most preferably constituent (a) is present in an amount sufficient to provide the fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound in an amount of from about 1.4%wt. to 2.0%wt in the compositons of the invention. It is understood that fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound, may be provided with further constituents, such as water, as well as one or more surfactants in a commercially available preparations The compositions according to the invention most desirably further comprise minor amounts of one or more anti-resoiling compounds as constituent (b). These compounds are frequently provided in anti-resoiling compositions abd include those known to the art to inhibit the resoiling of treated carpet fibers and carpet surfaces Such anti-resoiling compounds include for example, colloidal silica, aluminum oxides, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer resms, polyvinylpyrrohdone, polyacrylates, polycarboxylates. modified cellulose polymers, vinyl acetate/maleic anhydride copolymer resins, cationic amines, aliphatic quarternary ammonium salts known to have anti-static properties, lmidazohne salts as well as others known to the art. Such anti-resoiling compounds may be added in amounts of from about 0 00001 to about 5.0%wt., but are desirably included in amounts of from 0.01%wt - 1.5%wt. One particularly desirable anti-resoiling compound which may be used in constituent (b) of the present inventive compositions are fluorinated acrylic polymers; the inclusion of such fluorinated acrylic polymers and salts in the compositions of the invention improve the resoiling resistance of fibrous substrates treated with said compositions. A specific and preferred fluorinated acrylate copolymer according to the formula: CF3(CF2) _n CH2θCOC(CH3)=CH2 wherein n represents a value of from 6 - 8.

This fluorinated acrylate copolymer may be generally characterized by a total fluorine content based on polymer solids of approximately 0.6 percent. This fluorinated acrylate copolymer may also may contain a zinc complex to act as a crosshnker. The number average (Mn) and weight average (Mw) molecular weights are generally in the range of approximately 9,000 and approximately 10,500 respectively. Such a fluorinated acrylate copolymer may be obtained commercially as a water based dispersion of approximately 76-77 weight % water; 18-19 weight % acrylate copolymer; 1 weight % nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, 1 weight % sodium lauryl sulfate; and 1 weight % zinc oxide complex (with said weight % of the ingredients based on the total weight of the water dispersion), as SYNTRAN® 1575 (Interpolymer Corporation, Canton, Massachusetts). When this SYNTRAN® 1575 composition is employed, preferably it is present in an amount which ranges from about 0.10 weight % to about 11.0 weight % of the total composition, which correspondingly equals 0.00018 %wt. to 1.98 weight %wt. of the fluorinated acrylate copolymer. More preferably this SYNTRAN® 1575 composition is present an amount of about 5 55 %wt. to about 8.0%wt., which correspondingly equals approximately 0.99%wt. to 1 44%wt. of the fluorinated acrylate copolymer. Most preferably, the SYNTRAN® 1575 composition is present in an amount of about 6.0%wt., which corresponds to approximately 1.0%wt. of the fluorinated acrylate copolymer.

One further particularly desirable anti-resoiling compound which may be used in constituent (b) of the present inventive compositions is a non-halogenated acrylic polymer which may be represented by the formula:

- CH ₂ -CH(COOR) 'n wherein n is a value greater than 50. Such a non-halogenated acrylic polymer is presently commercially available and may be obtained as in commercial preparations as an aqueous dispersion which includes 78-79%wt. water. 18-19%wt. of the non-halogenated acrylic polymei , l%wt ot sodium lauryl sulfate, l%wt. sodium nonylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol sulfate, and l%wt. zinc oxide complex as SYNTRAN® 1580, as well as an aqueous dispersion which includes 74-75%wt. water, 23-24%wt. of the non-halogenated acrylic polymer, l%wt. of sodium mono-alkylarylpolyethoxy sulfosuccinate, and l%wt. sodium lauryl sulfate sulfate as SYNTRAN®!588. These materials are considered to be infinitely miscible in water by the manufacturer, and the former is provided as an aqueous dispersion having a pH of 8.3 to 9.3, and the latter is provided as an aqueous dispersion having a pH of 7.7 to 8.7. Both of these materials may be obtained from Interpolymer Corporation (Canton, MA). Desirably, such a commercial preparation containing a non-halogenated acrylic polymer of constituent (b) may be included in the present inventive compositions in an amount of from 0.001 - 10%wt, which corresponds to about from 0.000018 %wt. to about 0.5%wt. of the non-halogenated acrylic polymer.

Desirably this commercial preparation is present in amounts of from 0.56%wt - 8.35%wt., which corresponds to from about 0.1 %wt. to about 2.0 %wt.of the non-halogenated acrylic polymer. Most

desirably the commercial preparation is included in amounts of from 4.5%wt. - 6.25%wt. based on the total weight of the commeπcal preparation, which corresponds to a weight of from about 0.80%wt. to about 1.50%wt. of the non-halogenated acrylic polymer and/or salt thereof.

A wide variety of known anionic surfactants may be included in the present inventive compositions as constituent (c) Such known useful anionic surfactants include organic sulfuπc reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl group containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid or sulfuπc acid ester group. Included in the term "alkyl" is the alkyl portion of aryl groups. These include but are not limited to- alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, amine salts, aminoalcohol salts or the magnesium salts of one or more of the following compounds- alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkylamidoether sulfates, alkylaryl polyether sulfates, monoglyceπde sulfates, alkylsulfonates, alkylamide sulfonates, alkylarylsulfonates, olefinsulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccmates, alkylamide sulfosuccmates, alkyl sulfosuccinamate, alkyl sulfoacetates. alkylpolyglycosides. diphenyl sulfonate derivatives, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, acyl sarconsinates, acyl lsethionates, and N-acyl taurates. Generally, the alkyl or acyl radical in these various compounds comprise a carbon chain containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and preferably comprise a carbon chain containing 12 to 20 carbon atoms. The alkyl or acyl radical may be linear or branched. Mixtures of two or more anionic surfactants may be used as well.

Further exemplary anionic surfactants which may be used include fatty acid salts, including salts of oleic, πcinoleic, palmitic, and steaπc acids, copra oils or hydrogenated copra oil acid, and acyl lactylates whose acyl radical contains 8 to 20 carbon atoms

Other anionic surfactants not particularly enumerated here may also find use in conjunction with the compounds of the present invention.

Especially preferred anionic surfactant constituents are alkyl sulfates, alkyl benzene sulfates, and alkane sulfonates, sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinate derivatives of which water soluble forms, and water soluble salts thereof are especially preferred and especially preferred those containing from 1 1 to 17 carbon atoms in their alkyl radical, which may be straight chained or branched. Useful water soluble salts which are effective in producing salt forms of the surfactant include, but are not limited to: sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium and mono-, di- and tn- C2-C3 alcohol ammoniums, amine and aminoalcohol salts forms. Preferably, however, the salts are selected from sodium, magnesium and ammonium. Such preferred anionic surfactant compositions are per se known, and may be obtained from a variety of sources.

Exemplary ₍ and preferred, commercially available alkyl sulfates surfactants include one or more of those available under the tradename RHODAPON® LCP from Rhόne-Poulenc Co. as well as STEPANOL® from Stepan Chemical Co. Exemplary alkyl sulfates which is preferred for use is a sodium lauryl sulfate surfactant presently commercially available as RHODAPON® LCP from Rhόne-Poulenc Co., and further a sodium lauryl sulfate surfactant composition having less than about

0.05%wt of chlorides which is presently commercially available as STEPANOL® WAC from Stepan Chemical Co.

Exemplary and preferred, commercially available alkyl benzene sulfate surfactants include one or more of those available under the tradename BIOSOFT® from Stepan Chem. Co. An exemplary alkyl benzene sulfates which is preferred for use is a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate surfactant presently commercially available as BIOSOFT® D-40 from Stepan Chem. Co.

Exemplary and preferred, commercially available alkane sulfonate surfactants include one or more of those available under the tradename HOSTAPUR® from Hoechst Celanese. An exemplary alkane sulfonate which is preferred for use is a secondary sodium alkane sulfonate surfactant presently commercially available as HOSTAPUR® SAS from Hoechst Celanese.

Further exemplary and preferred anionic surfactants based on sulfosuccinates include those which are presently commercially available under the tradename ALKASURF® from Rhone-Poulenc Surfactant & Specialty Division. By way of illustrative example, these include the following: ALKASURF SS-MA-80, which is described to be a sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate, ALKASURF SS- NO, which is described to be tetrasodium N-alkyl sulfosuccinamate, ALKASURF SS-O, which is described to be sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, ALKASURF SS-OA-HE described to be a disodium oleyl amido ρolyethyleneglycol-2 sulfosuccinate, ALKASURF SS-TA, disclosed as being sodium N- octadecyl sulfosuccinamate, ALKASURF SS-L7DE, which is described as being a sodium sulfosuccinate ester of lauπc diethanolamide, ALKASURF SS-L9ME, which is described as being a sodium sulfosuccinate ester of lauπc monoefhanolamide, ALKASURF SS-L-HE, which is disclosed to be disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate. Further exemplary and preferred anionic surfactants based on sulfosuccinates include those which are presently commercially available under the tradename MACKANATE® from the Mclntyre Group Ltd. By way of illustrative example these include: MACKANATE CM described to be coconut sulfosucinate, MACKANATE CM- 100 described to be disodium cocoamido MEA sulfosuccinate, MACKANATE CP described to be disodium cocoamide methylisopropanolamide sulfosuccinate, MACKANATE DOS 70M5 described to be sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, MACKANATE DOS-75 described to be sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, MACKANATE EL described to be lauryl ether sulfosuccinate, MACKANATE L descrbed to be disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, MACKANATE LM-40 described to be lauπc sulfosuccinate, MACKANATE LO described to be sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate; MACKANATE OD-2 described to be blended sulfosuccinates; MACKANATE OM described to be oleic sulfosuccinate; MACKANATE OP described to be disodium oleamide MIPA sulfosuccinate, MACKANATE RM described to be πcmoleic sulfosucinate, MACKANATE TDS described to be disodium tπdecyl sulfosuccinate. It is to be understood that mixtures or blends of two or more anionic surfactants as described above may form the anionic surfactant according to constituent (c).

Further desirably the anionic surfactant according to constituent (c) is selected to be of a type which dries to a friable powder. Such a characteristic facilitates the subsequent removal of such anionic surfactants from a fibrous substrate, especially carpets and carpet fibers, such as by brushing or vacuuming. Particularly preferred aninoic surfactants are exemplified in the Examples, below. The anionic surfactant according to constituent (c) may be included in the present inventive compositions in an amount of from 0.001%wt. - 2.5%wt., but are desirably included in amounts of from 0.1%wt - 2.0%wt, even more desirably are included in amounts of from 0.5%wt. - 1.5%wt., and most desirably are included in amounts of from 0.75%wt. - 1.2%wt. with such recited weights being based on the anionic surfactant compound(s) present in an anionic surfactant containing composition or preparation

The organic solvent constituents which form constituent (d) of the inventive compositions include one or more alcohols, glycols, acetates, ether acetates and glycol ethers. Exemplary alcohols useful in the compositions of the invention include C3-C8 alcohols which may be straight chained or branched, and which are specifically intended to include both primary and secondary alcohols. Exemplary glycol ethers include those glycol ethers having the general structure R _a -0-Rb-OH, wherein R _a is an alkoxy of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or aryloxy of at least 6 carbon atoms, and R ₀ is an ether condensate of propylene glycol and/or ethylene glycol having from one to ten glycol monomer units. Preferred are glycol ethers having one to five glycol monomer units. These are C3-C20 glycol ethers By way of further non-limiting example specific organic constituents useful as constituent

(d) include propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, tπpropylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol n- butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate and particularly advantageously ethylene glycol hexyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether, as well as the C3-C8 primary and secondary alcohols, especially isopropyl alcohol.

Particuarly useful as constituent (d) include organic solvents as are presently commercially available under the tradenames CARBITOL® (Union Carbide Corp., Danbury CT ), CELLOSOLVE® (Union Carbide Corp., Danbury CT), DOWANOL® (Dow Chemical Co., Midland MI) and ARCOSOLV® (ARCO Chemical Co., Newton Square PA). Particularly useful are those organic solvents which are illustrated in the Examples, and further include: diethylene glycol n-butyl ether, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether, propylene glycol n-butyl ether and dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether.

The inventors have found that mixtures of two or more individual organic solvent constituents imparts the benefit of both good cleaning and soil penetration and at the same time effective solubilization of the fluorochemical surfactant composition in the aqueous compositions according to the invention. This has been observed particularly wherein one or more of the solvents

which form the organic solvent constituent is relatively hydrophobic, and/or includes a C3-C8, but preferably a C5-C7 carbon chain which has been observed to adequately penetrate oily soils. One such preferred mixture of organic solvents includes an organic solvent system which includes both at least one glycol ether with at least one C3-C8 primary or secondary alcohol, for example ethylene glycol hexyl ether with isopropanol; diethylene glycol methyl ether with isopropanol; as well as ethylene glycol hexyl ether with I-pentanol. A further preferred organic solvent system includes a mixture of two different glycol ethers, optionally further in conjunction with at least one a C3-C8 primary or secondary alcohol. Examples of such an organic solvent system include ethylene glycol hexyl ether m conjunction with diethylene glycol hexyl ether and optionally further with at least one a C3-C8 primary or secondary alcohol In such organic solvent systems, the ratio of the ethylene glycol hexyl ether to diethylene glycol hexyl ether is limited to 1 :0.1-1, but more desirably is limited to 1.0.15 - 0.5. A particularly advantageous organic solvent is ethylene glycol hexyl ether with diethylene glycol hexyl ether in a weight ratio 0! 1 0 1 - 1 , which optionally includes one or more C3- C ^' 8 primary or secondary alcohols. The organic solvent system according to constituent (d) is present in amounts of from about

0.00 l%wt. to about 7 0%wt. More desirably the organic solvent constituent is present in an amount of from about 0.25%wt. to about 5%wt , more desirably is present in an amount of from 2.0%wt to 4 0%wt. and most desirably is present in an amount of about 3 25% of the inventive compositions. The compositions according to the invention include as constituent (e) citric acid salts, preferably one or more anhydrous and/or dihydrous forms of citric acid metal salts. Virtually any alkaline earth metal or alkaline metal may be used as the salt forming metal cation, but sodium and potassium are generally to be preferred as being effective in the inventive compositions, and widely available at a low cost. The inventors have found that the the presence of such materials, particularly in the amounts recited below aid in the phase stability of the compositions, and are believed to contribute to the long term or shelf stability ol the inventive compositions especially when said the compositions are packaged in conventional pressurized aerosol containers. At the same time, these citric acid salts, particularly when provided in an anhydrous (or dihydrous) citric acid sodium salt form have been observed to contribute little or no appreciable corrosive effects to such conventional pressurized aerosol containers. These anhydrous citric acid sodium salts have also been observed to be compatible with anti-corrosion agents such as sodium nitrite and sodium benzoate which are desirably included in the inventive compositions to resist corrosion of the conventional pressurized aerosol containers. Desirably the citric acid salts, preferably one or more anhydrous and/or dihydrous forms of citric acid metal salts according to constituent (e) are present in amounts of from 0.01 to 0.3%wt. based on the total weight of the composition As is noted above, the compositions according to the invention are aqueous in nature. Water forms constituent (f) of the invention and it is added to order to provide 100% by weight of the compositions of the invention. Desirably the compositions of the invention comprise at least about

80% water. The water may be tap water, but is preferably distilled and is most preferably deionized water. If the water is tap water, it is preferably substantially free of any undesirable impurities such as organics or inorganics, especially minerals salts which are present in hard water which may thus undesirably interfere with the operation of the constituents present in the aqueous compositions according to the invention.

The compositions of the invention are alkaline in nature, and the pH of the compositions of the invention are advantageously maintained within the range of from 7 to 10, but more desirably are to be maintained in the range of from 8 - 9.5, and most desirably from about 8.3 - 9.1. Such may be achieved and maintained by the use of appropriate pH adjusting agents such as are known to the art , examples of which are described in more particular detail below The present inventors have noted that the maintenance of the pH within these ranges and in particular within the preferred ranges is particularly important in order to assure the phase stability of the aqueous compositions. It has been observed that this is particularly true where any fluoro-contaimng constituents are present as these are known to be difficult to solubi ze in water, and more critically to maintain their solubility for extended periods of time. It has been observed that when such fluoro-contai ng constituents, particularly the fluorosurfactant composition, a fluoro-contaimng anti-resoiling agent such as the most preferred fluorinated acrylate copolymers, as well as further fluro-containmg compounds precipitate from an aqueous composition that they are not readily reconstituted into such an aqueous composition by simple stirring or shaking, but need to be vigorously stirred or shaken in order to return to the solubilized state The aqueous compositions being taught herein feature excellent stability which provides superior shelf stability and thus an extended service life for any commercial product based on the same. Such a feature is not provided or is not forseen from many known prior art compositions having fluoro-contatning Thus, the present inventive compositions represent a significant technical advantage thereover As has been previously noted, the compositions of the invention may include one or more optional constituents (g) many of which are recognized as conventional additives to such compositions. Such are generally present in only minor amounts, generally to comprise from about 0%wt. - 5%wt. of the compositions of the invention.

The compositions according to the invention may also include minor amounts of one or more nontonic surfactant compounds included as an optional constituent (g), particularly alkoxylated aliphatic primary alcohols and alkoxylated aliphatic secondary alcohols. One or more nonionic surfactants may be used as well. Such include for example C8-C20 primary or secondary aliphatic alcohols condensed with from 2 - 10 moles of one or more alkylene oxides. Such alkylene oxides specifically include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxides, of which ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or mixtures thereof are preferred, and further of which condensates containing only ethylene oxide as the alkoxyl moiety is most preferred.

Desirably the nonionic surfactant constituent, when present, is selected from alkoxylated Cg - C15 pπmary aliphatic alcohols, and an alkoxylated C10-C15 secondary aliphatic alcohol in which ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide represents the alkoxylate moiety of such surfactants.

Illustrative examples of these preferred water soluble nonionic ethoxylated phenols and/or ethoxylated alcohols surfactants include one or more of those available under the tradename of

NEODOL® , (Shell Oil Company), TERGITOL®, (Union Carbide); POLYTERGENT®, (Olin Chemical Co ); IGEPAL® (Rhόne-Poulenc Co ), as well as ethoxylated/propoxylated primary alcohols sold under the tradename PLURAFACS® (BASF Inc ) Particular examples of such include NEODOL ® 91 -6 described to be a Co - Cl ] linear primary alcohol which includes 6 ethoxy groups per molecule; TERGITOL® 15-S-9 described to be a C] ] - C\s secondary alcohol which includes 9 ethoxy groups per molecule; POLYTERGENT® SL-62 described to be an alkoxylated linear aliphatic Cs- Cjo alcohol having a number of both ethoxy and propoxy groups per molecule, POLYTERGENT® SL-22 described to be an alkoxylated linear aliphatic CS-C J O alcohol having a number of both ethoxy and propoxy groups per molecule groups per molecule, PLURAFACS® C-17 described to be a C 10 - 12 alkoxylated fatty alcohol. A particularly useful alkoxylated linear alcohol is POLYTERGENT® SL-55 which is described as being a mixture of alkoxylated linear Cs- C10 aliphatic alcohols.

Other known nonionic surfactants are contemplated as being useful in the compositions according to the present invention and these include alkoxylated alkyl aromatic compounds. Such compounds contain at least one aromatic moiety, such as a phenol, as well as an alkyl chain which may be straight chained or branched. Desirably the aromatic moiety is C5-C7, and particularly C aromatic moieties are preferred, and wherein the alkyl chain is a C8-C20 alkyl group. The alkoxyl groups in such may be ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxides, of which ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or mixtures thereof are preferred, and further of which ethylene oxide is most preferred.

Such alkoxylated alkyl aromatic compounds are per se known to the art and are presently commercially available from a variety of sources including those sold under the tradename IGEPAL® (ISP Corporation) and TRITON® (Union Carbide) particular examples of which include IGEPAL® CO-630 described to be a nonyl phenol ethoxy late, TRITON® X-100 described to be an lsooctyl phenol ethoxylate and particularly IGEPAL® CA-210 described to be a C10-C12 ethoxylated octyl phenol with an average of 1 5 ethoxy groups per molecule.

The nonionic surfactant compositions desirably exhibit an HLB number in the range of from 4 to 20 and most desirably in the range of from 6 to 15.

In specific especially preferred embodiments of the present inventive compositions, the nonionic surfactant constituent includes or consists solely of a octylphenoxypolyethoxy ethanol such as may be commercially obtained as TRITON® X-100. The nonionic surfactant constituent, particularly the especially preferred octylphenoxypolyethoxy ethanol is generally included in minor

amounts which on the one hand are sufficient to serve as a solubilizing adjuvant to any fragrance composition, and at the same time are not included in excessive amounts such that undesired resoiling of the treated fibers occurs It has also been observed that excess amounts of the nonionic surfactant may also detract from the water repellency to be provided by the compositions, and thus m many instances the nonionic surfactant constituent is desirably omitted.

The nonionic surfactant compositions when included, are present in amounts of from 0 00 /owt to 0.5%wt., such recited weights being based on the weight of the actives in the nonionic surfactant composition.

The present inventors have unexpectedly observed that when salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid are present in the formulations as a chelating agent, that its inclusion lead to the manifestation of undesirable effects on treated substrates, particularly carpet surfaces. Such undesirable effects include a notable decrease in the water repellent characteristics of such treated substrates, as well as a total loss in the water repellent characteristics as well the inventors have also observed that the inclusion of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid salts undesirably contribute to the corrosion ot pressurized aerosol canisters While not wishing to be bound by the following, it is nonetheless hypothesized that this behavior observed by the present inventors with respect to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid salts as a chelating agent are believed to be equally applicable to other alkyl tetraaceticacid diamines and salts thereof

With regard to the preservative ingredient of the liquid composition, since a significant portion of the formulation comprises water, it is preferably that the preservative be water soluble

Desirably, the selected water soluble preservatives are those which exhibit stability and efficacy in the aqueous compositions according to the invention at neutral, but preferably at alkaline pH's especially in the preferred pH ranges noted above Such water soluble preservatives include compositions which include parabens, including methyl parabens and ethyl parabens, glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, 2-bromo-2-nιtropropoane-l,3-dιol, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-ιsothιazohn-3-one, 2-mcthyl-

4-ιsothιazolme-3-one, and mixtures thereof One exemplary composition is a combination 5-chloro- 2-methyl-4-ιsothιazolιn-3-one and 2-methyl-4-ιsothιazohn-3-one where the amount of either component may be present in the mixture anywhere from 0 001 to 99.99 weight percent, based on the total amount of the preservative For reasons of availability, the most preferred preservative are those commercially available preservative comprising a mixture of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-ιsothιazolιn-

3-one and 2-methyl-4-ιsothιazohn-3-one marketed under the trademark KATHON® CG/ICP as a preservative composition presently commercially available from Rohm and Haas (Philadelphia, PA) Others however may be used, such as KATHON® CG/ICP II, (Rohm and Haas) PROXEL® (Zeneca Biocides), SUTTOCIDE® A (Sutton Laboratories) and TEXTAMER® 38AD (Calgon Corp.) The compositions according to the invention optionally but desirably include an amount of a pH adjusting agent or pH buffer composition. By way of non-limiting example pH adjusting agents include phosphour containing compounds, monovalent and polyvalent salts such as of silicates,

carbonates, and borates, certain acids and bases, tartarates and certain acetates. By way of further non-limiting example pH buffering compositions include the alkali metal phosphates, polyphosphates, pyrophosphates, triphosphates, tetraphosphates, silicates, metasilicates, polysilicates, carbonates, hydroxides, and mixtures of the same. Certain salts, such as the alkaline earth phosphates, carbonates, hydroxides, can also function as buffers It may also be suitable to use buffers such materials as aluminosihcates (zeolites), borates, alummates and certain organic materials such as gluconates, succinates, maleates, and their alkali metal salts. Desirably the compositions according to the invention include an effective amounts of an organic acid and/or an inorganic salt form thereof which may be used to adjust and maintain the pH or the compositions of the invention to the desired pH range. Particularly useful is citric acid and sodium citrate which are widely available and which are effective in providing these pH adjustment and buffering effects.

The inventive compositions may also include known optical brightening agents, including those based on stilbene derivatives and distyrylbiphenyl derivatives. Bleaching agents known to the art, including hydrogen peroxide may also be used in the inventive compositions. The compositions of the invention may also include a fragrance compositions or other composition for modifying the scent characteristics of the inventive compositions. Such may be any of a number of known materials, and generally too such are included in only minor amounts.

As a further optional constituent (g) the inclusion of amounts of a further flurorosurfactant composition different than that recited as constituent (a) is contemplated. Such may be desired in order to improve certain characteristics of the present inventive compositions Such a further fluorosurfactant composition may be added in amounts which facilitate the oil repellent, viz., the oleophobic characteristics of substrates treated with the compositions being taught herein.

One such exemplary further fluorosurfactant composition is a perfluoropropionate according to the formula- F(CF2)n-CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-COO ^" X ⁺ (A) where: n is an integer having a value of 6 to 12, and,

X is a salt forming counteπon, preferably lithium.

Another such exemplary further fluorosurfactant composition includes a perfluoroalkyl phosphate or salt thereof according to the formula- o ^"

CF ₃ — CF ₂ (CF ₂ CF ₂ ) _n — CH ₂ CH ₂ -0— P=0 (B

0 ^" where: n is an integer having a value of from 6 to 12.

These fluorosurfactant compositions according to formulae (A) and (B) may be used singly, or may be used in a mixture. When used as a mixture, desirably the weight ratio of the perfluoropropionate to the perfluoroalkyl phosphate is in the range of from about 1: 1 to 1:2. Such a mixture is presently commercially available as ZONYL® 7950. Such fluorsurfactant compositions include those which are described in US 5,439,610 to Ryan, et al., the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.

Additional exemplary further fluorosurfactant compositions include materials are presently commercially available under the tradename ZONYL® from E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co. Exemplary materials include ZONYL® FSA which is described as being F(CF2CF2)3- 8CH2CH2SCH2CH2CO2U; ZONYL® FSP which is described as being (F(CF2CF2)3-

8CH2CH2θ)P(0)(ONH4)2; ZONYL® FSE which is described as being (F(CF2CF2)3- 8CH2CH2θ)2P(0)(ONH4)2', ZONYL® UR which is described as being (F(CF2CF2)3- 8CH2CH2θ)P(0)(OH)2 as well as (F(CF2CF2)3-8CH2CH2θ)2P(0)(OH); ZONYL® FSJ which is described as being (F(CF2CF2)3-δCH2CH2θ)P(0)(ONH4)2 in conjunction with a nonfluoπnated surfactant, ZONYL® FSN, ZONYL © FSN- 100, ZONYL® FSO, and ZONYL® FSO-

100, each of which may be commonly described as being F(CF2CF2)3- 8CH2CH2θ(CH2CH2θ)χH; but differing in the value of x for each different composition; ZONYL® FSC which is described as being F(CF2CF2)3-8CH2CH2SCH2CH2N ⁺ (CH3)3 CH3SO4 ^" ; ZONYL® FSK which is described as being F(CF2CF2)3-8CH2CH(OCOCH3)CH2N ⁺ (CH3)2CH2Cθ2 ^~ ; as well as ZONYL® TBS which is described as being F(CF2CF2)3-8CH2CH2Sθ3H as well as

F(CF2CF2)3-θCH2CH2Sθ3NH4. Each of these materials may be used jointly such as in a mixture of two or more flurorosurfactants, or singly Of these materials, those available as as ZONYL® 7950 are particularly preferred. Such constituents as described above as essential and/or optional constituents include known art compositions, including those described in McCiitcheon 's Emu ifiers and Detergents (Vol. I), McCittc eoH 's Functional Materials (Vol 2), North American Edition, 19 1 ; Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology', 3rd Ed., Vol. 22, pp. 346-387, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference. In a preferred embodiment of the invention there is provided a shelf stable, aqueous pourable and pumpable carpet cleaning and treatment composition which imparts oil and water repellency to treated surfaces which comprise, but more desirably consist essentially of the following constituents on a weight basis: (a) 0.001 - 3%wt. fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound; (b) 0.01 - 2%wt. of an anti-resoiling compound;

(c) 0.001 - 2.5%wt. of an anionic surfactant compound, preferably one or more selected from alkyl sulfates, alkyl benzene sulfates, and alkane sulfonates as well as salts thereof;

(d) 0.001 - 7.0%wt. of an organic solvent;

(e) 0.01 - 0.3%wt. of a citric acid salt, preferably one or more anhydrous and dihydrous sodium citrates

(0 at least 80% wt. of water which compositions of the invention are al a neutral or alkaline pH, desirably at a pH in the range of from 7 to 10, preferably at a pH in the range of from 8 - 9.5, and which may further contain 0 - 5%wt. of one or more conventional additives selected from:

(g) preservatives, coloring agents such as dyes and pigments, fragrances, pH adjusting agents, buffer compositions, further anti-soiling agents and resoiling inhibitors, optical bπghteners, further solvents or surfactants particularly non-ionic surfactant compounds, aerosol propellent compositions, as well as one or more further fluorosurfactant compositions It is to be understood that although the aqueous cleaning compositions taught herein have been generally discussed in conjunction with the cleaning ot carpets and carpet fibers, it is nonetheless to be understood that they may be utilized in the cleaning of a wide variety of fibers and fibrous substrates including but not limited to those which comprise fibers which are made of naturally occurring or synthetically produced materials, as well as blends or mixtures of such materials. Substrates which can be treated accordance with this invention are textile fibers or filaments, either prior to their use, or as used in fabricated fibrous articles such as fabrics and textiles, rugs, carpets, mats, screens, and the like. Articles produced from such textiles, such as garments and other articles of apparel such as scarves, gloves and the like may also be treated. Further, sporting goods such as hiking and camping equipment made from or with a fabric or textile may also be treated with the cleaning compositions being taught herein in order to clean and/or impart a degree of water and oil repellency thereto The textiles and fabrics include those made with or of one or more naturally occurring fibers, such as cotton and wool, regenerated natural fibers including regenerated cellulose, and those made with or of synthetically produced fibers, such as polyamides, polyolefins, polyvinyhdene chlorides, acetate, nylons, polyacrylics, rayon, and polyester fibers. Blends of two or more such fibrous materials are also expressly contemplated Such textiles and fabrics may be woven, non-woven or knitted materials.

The compositions of the invention can be prepared in a conventional manner such as by simply mixing the constituents in order to form the ultimate aqueous cleaning composition. The order of addition is not critical. Desirably, and from all practicable purposes, it is advantageous that the constituents other than water be added to a proportion of the total amount of water then well mixed, and most desirably that the surfactants be first added to the volume of water, followed by any remaining ingredients especially the optional constituents, and that the fluorochemical be added last to ensure the best phase stability. Subsequently any remaining balance of water, if any should be required, is then added. Optionally, the pH adjusting agents and/or pH buffering compositions be added in a sufficient amount in order to bring the formed composition within the pH range desired

following the final addition of any remaining balance of water, but they may also be added at any other step including in an addition step preceding the addition of the fluorochemical.

The compositions of this invention may be packaged in any suitable container. They may be pressurized and made available in this form by means of the addition of a suitable propellant to the composition Any propellant which can self-pressurize the composition and serve as the means for dispensing it from its container is suitable, including liquified gaseous propellants or inert compressed gases. The preferred propellants are liquified, normally gaseous propellants such as the known hydrocarbon and halogenated hydrocarbon propellants. The preferred normally gaseous hydrocarbon propellants include the aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, isobutane, and isopentane; the preferred halogenated hydrocarbons include chlorodifluoromethane, difluoroethane dichlorodifluoromethane and thel ike. Mixtures of two or more propellants can be used The propellant is desirably utilized in an amount sufficient to expel the entire contents of the containers In general, the propellant will be from about 5% to about 25%, preferably about 5% to about 15% by weight of the total composition Pressurized forms of the compositions will generally be expelled from the container in the form of a foam

The compositions according to the invention may also be packaged in a conventional container which includes a fluid reservoir or bottle portion which is adapted for containing a quantity of the composition, and further includes a manually operable pump. Manual actuation of the pump acts to withdraw the composition from within the said fluid reservoir and deliver it through a nozzle to an area to be treated. Such are well known to the art Most desirably, the compositions are packaged and provided in a container especially a pressurized vessel or a manually operable pump which induces foaming of the composition as it is dispensed from the container Such per se, are known to the art.

The compositions according to the invention are used in a conventional manner in the cleaning of carpet surfaces Generally, carpets ai e effectively cleaned by spraying about 5 grams per square foot of the carpeted surface with the aqueous cleaning composition and subsequently allowing said composition to penetrate amongst the carpet surface and the fibers. Desirably, this is further facilitated by the use of a manual agitation action, such as by rubbing an area of the carpet to be treated with a device such as a brush, sponge, mop, cloth, non-woven cloth, and the like until the aqueous cleaning composition is well intermixed amongst the carpet fibers. Where a carpet has an open pile, less manual agitation is usually required as opposed to carpets having closed loop piles wherein longer agitation and/or more vigorous agitation is generally required. This agitation may be repeated optionally by periodically rinsing the device m water and then reagitatmg and/or optionally reapplying an amount of the aqueous cleaning composition of the invention. This may continue until by visual inspection the soil is removed from the carpet surface to the cleaning device. Subsequently, the treated area is permitted to dry, which usually requires from as little as 20 - 30 minutes in areas of high heat and low humidity to as much as one or two hour and even longer such as in poorly heated

and high humid locations. Generally, however, the drying period under typical conditions is between about 15 minutes to about 30 minutes. Optionally, but desirably, any remaining cleaning composition may be removed from the carpet such as by vacuuming in a conventional manner. In a further optional technique, the carpet may be brushed so to remove any residue of the aqueous cleaning composition from amongst the carpet fibers, and then vacuumed or brushed out from the carpeted area.

In contrast to many of the compositions known in the prior art, the aqueous cleaning compositions according to the present inventions surprisingly provide good cleaning efficacy, and simultaneously provide and/or restore to the treated carpet surface a degree of water and oil repellency, which are important in limiting the resoiling of the treated carpet surface. As had been noted previously, many known prior art compositions provide no restoration of either water or oil repellency to treated carpet surfaces, but are generally considered merely as cleaners, yet others may have imparting degree of water or oil repellency to a carpet surface, but not necessarily have provided any efficacious cleaning benefit Thus, the compositions of the present invention provide these three simultaneous characteristics which arc critical in maintaining the attractive appearance of carpeted surfaces, as well as concomitantly extending their useful service life.

Examples The following examples illustrate the supenor properties of the formulations of the invention and particular preferred embodiments of the inventive compositions. Exemplary formulations as illustrated on Table 1 wherein the weight percentages of each of the individual constituents are indicated and are based on the total weight of the composition of which it forms a part.

Exemplary formulations illustrating certain preferred embodiments of the inventive compositions and described in more detail in Table 1 below were formulated generally in accordance with the following protocol.

Into a suitably sized vessel, a measured amount of water was provided after which the constituents were added in the following sequence surfactants and solvents, and lastly the fragrance constituents. All of the constituents were supplied at room temperature, and mixing of the constituents was achieved by the use of a mechanical stirrer with a small diameter propeller at the end of its rotating shaft. Mixing, which generally lasted from 5 minutes to 120 minutes was maintained until the particular exemplary formulation appeared to be homogeneous.

It is to be noted that the constituents might be added in any order, but it is preferred that water be the initial constituent provided to a mixing vessel or apparatus as it is the major constituent and addition of the further constituents thereto is convenient.

-- U

TABLE 1

Ex.1 Ex.2 Ex.3 Ex.4 Ex.5 Ex.6 Ex.7 Ex.8 Ex.9 Ex.10 Ex.11 Ex.12 Ex.13 Ex.14 Ex.15 sodium cilrate, anhy. 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100

Slepanol WAC -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.500 -- " -- -- -- -- 3.500 anionic 3.500 3.500 3.500 3.500 3.500 3.500 3.500 — 3.500 3.500 3.500 3.500 3.500 3.500 — sulfosuccinate blend

Syntran 1575 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 6.250 -- isopropylalcohol 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

Hexyl Cellosolve 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250

Fluorad FC-138 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 o NH40H 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0 005 0.027 0.005 0.005 0.005 -- 0.005 0.000 --

I sodium bicarbonate - -- - -- -- -- - -- -- -- - 0.010 -- - -- sodium nitrite 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.200 0.100 -- 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 sodium benzoate - -- -- -- - " " -- - 0.100 0.200 -- - -- -- fragrance A - -- 0.200 -- 0.200 0.200 -- -- -- - -- ~ -- -- -- fragrance B " -- -- 0.200 -- -- 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.200

Kathon CG/ICP II 0.050 " -- -- 0.050 -- -- 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050

Proxel GXL -- 0.100 -- - -- 0.100 0.100 -- - - -- -- -- - --

DI Water 85.245 85.195 85.095 85.095 85.045 84.995 84.995 85.023 84.945 84.945 84.945 85.040 85.045 85.050 91.300

Table 1 illustrates the actual weight of the constituent added to form a respective exemplary formulation. The identity of the constituents used to form the example formulations, and (where relevant) the weight percent of the actives in a respective constituent, are specifically identified on Table 2 following.

TABLE 2 - CONSTITUENT LISTING

Stepanol® WAC anionic surfactant composition based on sodium lauryl sulfate,, features low chloride content (30%wt. actives) anionic sulfosuccinate blend blend of disodium monolauryl sulfosuccinate and disodium docoamido methyhsopropanol amide sulfosuccinate (30%wt. actives)

Fluorad® FC-138 (30%) fluoroahphatic radical-containing poly(oxyalkylene) compound containing composition (30%wt. actives)

Syntran® 1575 (20%) Syntran® 1575 (20%wt. actives), fluorinated acrylic polymer salt isopropylalcohol Isopropylalcohol

Hexyl Cellosolve® ethylene glycol hexyl ether, organic solvent

NH40H ammonium hydroxide (28%wt. actives) sodium citrate, anh. sodium citrate, anhydrous sodium benzoate corrosion inhibitor sodium nitrite corrosion inhibitor

Fragrance A proprietary fragrance composition

Fragrance B proprietary fragrance composition

Proxel GXL proprietary preservative composition

Kathon® CG/ICP II Kathon® CG/ ICP II, proprietary preservative composition

DI Water deionized water

Characteristics of the formulations according to the Examples were evaluated in accordance with one or more of the following test protocols.

The repellency characteristics of compositions according to the invention were evaluated, as described hereinafter. Carpet swatches approximately 5 inches by 5 inches made of a light beige colored level loop nylon carpeting were used as a standard testing substrate. Such carpet swatches are similar to those presently commercially available as DuPont® Stainmaster® carpets from a variety of commercial source, but differed from those commercially available as they were produced without any fluorochemical fiber or surface treatments. Such standard testing substrates were used in the following evaluations of oil repellency, water repellency, beverage repellency and motor oil repellency described below.

Oil repellency

Oil repellency characteristics of sample carpet swatches were evaluated generally in accordance with the following protocol. For this test, carpet swatch approximately 5 inches by 5 inches made of a light beige colored level loop nylon carpeting formed the standard testing substrate. Such carpet swatches are similar to those presently commercially available as DuPont® Stainmaster® carpets from a variety of commercial source, but differed from those commercially

available as well as those described previously as they were produced without any fluorochemical fiber or surface treatments.

In the performance of the oil repellency testing, standardized oil compositions were utilized which are identified as follows the following- Oil #1 was a composition consisting solely of mineral oil; Oil #2 was a composition compπsing 65 parts by weight mineral oil and 35 parts by weight hexadecane; Oil #3 consisted essentially of hexadecane, Oil #4 consisted essentially of tetradecane; and the last standardized Oil #5 consisted essentially of dodecane.

Clean, light beige colored sample caφet swatches of the same size and type as those used m the cleaning evaluations denoted above were treated with one of the formulations recited on Table 1 In the performance of the test a 15-20 gram amount of a single formulation was dispensed to the surface of the caφet swatch with the use of a manually pumpable trigger spray dispenser and thereafter rubbed into and amongst the caφet fibers for 30 seconds, in a manner to adequately cover the entire surface of the sample caφet swatch

Subsequently, the standardized oils were used in rising numerical sequence in order to evaluate the oil repellent characteristics imparted to the treated caφet swatches. Beginning with Oil

#1, a drop of said oil was placed upon the surface of the caφet fiber and it was observed carefully. If the oil droplet maintained a bead on the caφet surface for 30 seconds, this treated caφet swatch was judged to have a rating of at least " 1 " The protocol was repeated in a different part of the caφet utilizing the next numerically higher oil number, in this case, Oil #2. Again, if the oil droplet maintained a bead on the caφet surface for 30 seconds, this treated caφet swatch was judged to have a rating of at least "2" This protocol was repeated using in sequence standardized oils #3, #4 and #5 until a standardized oil failed to maintain its bead upon the surface of the caφet for the 30 second period noted above. If the bead of a particular standardized oil was observed to be partially but not totally absorbed by the caφet swatch, or to slump in its appearance during the 30 second interval, then a value ot "0 5" w s added to the prior number of the standardized oil which maintained a droplet bead on the caφet surface for 30 seconds, and this number was reported. Otherwise, the highest numbered standardized oil which did maintain its bead upon the surface during the 30 second interval was reported on Table 3 following.

This testing protocol was repeated for each of the formulations on Table 1

Water repellency

Water repellency characteristics of sample caφet swatches were evaluated generally in accordance with the following protocol.

In the performance of the water repellency characteristics, standardized water compositions were utilized which may be generally characterized as the following: the standardized water #1 was a sample compπsing deionized water and 2% weight isopropyl alcohol; standardized water #2 was deionized water comprising 5% isopropyl alcohol; standardized water #3 consisted of deionized

water comprising 10% by weight isopropyl alcohol; standardized water #4 consisted essentially of deionized water with 20% by weight isopropyl alcohol; and standardized water #5 comprised 30% by weight isopropyl alcohol with deionized water.

Clean, light beige colored sample caφet swatches of the same size and type as those used in the and oil repellency evaluations as described above were treated with one of the formulations recited on Table 1. In the performance of the test a 15-20 gram amount of a single formulation was dispensed to the surface of the caφet swatch with the use of a manually pumpable trigger spray dispenser and thereafter rubbed into and amongst the caφet fibers for 30 seconds, in a manner to adequately cover the entire surface of the sample caφet swatch. Subsequently, the standardized water samples were used in rising numerical sequence in order to evaluate the water repellent characteristics imparted to the treated caφet swatches. Generally, and beginning with standardized water #1 , a drop of said water was placed upon the surface of the caφet fiber and it was observed carefully. If the water droplet maintained a bead on the caφet surface for 10 seconds, this treated caφet swatch was judged to have a rating of at least "1 ". The protocol was repeated in a different part of the caφet utilizing the next numerically higher water number, m this case, standardized water #2. Again, if the water droplet maintained a bead on the caφet surface for 10 seconds, this treated caφet swatch was judged to have a rating of at least "2". This protocol was repeated using in sequence standardized waters #3, #4 and #5 until a standardized water failed to maintain its bead upon the surface of the caφet for the 10 second period noted above. If the bead of a particular standardized water was observed to be partially but not totally absorbed by the caφet swatch, or to slump in its appearance during the 10 second interval, then a value of "0 5" was added to the prior number of the standardized water which maintained a droplet bead on the caφet surface for 10 seconds, and this number was reported. Otherwise, the highest numbered standardized water which maintained its bead upon the surface during the 10 second interval was reported on Table 3 following

This testing protocol was repeated for each of the formulations on Table 1

TABLE 3 - REPELLENCY

Oil Water

Ex. 1 — —

Ex. 2 — —

Ex. 3 — —

Ex. 4 — —

Ex. 5 2.5 4.0

Ex. 6 2.5 4.0

Ex. 7 2.5 4.0

Ex. 8 3.5 2.5

Ex. 9 — —

Ex. 10 — —

Ex. 11 — —

Ex. 12 2.5 4.0

Ex. 13 2.5 4.0

Ex. 14 4.0 4.0

Ex. 15 3.0 2.0

"— " indicates that the sample was not tested As may be readily determined from the results illustrated on Table 3, the tested formulations, exhibit good water and oii repellency characteristics. It is to be noted that in evaluating the overall performance of a particular formulation attention is to be directed not only to the fact that it may provide good water and oil repellent characteristics to a substrate being treated but further, attention is to be directed to the cleaning characteristics which are exhibited by a particular composition as well such that a satisfactory product based on a formulation desirably exhibits good water and oil repellency characteristics and concurrently also exhibits excellent cleaning characteristics as well.

Beverage Repellency

In order to provide an indicator of the characteristics of the repellency imparted to a sample caφet in a setting more approximate to a consumer or end-user environment, a beverage repellency test was performed. The beverage used was a widely available sweetened beverage, Kool-Aid® Cherry Flavor which was prepared in accordance with label directions. Such beverage included a significant proportion of sugar and/or an artificial sweetening composition either, as well as a known difficult to remove food grade dye as a coloring agent, each of which are are known to be difficult to remove.

According to the test, a sample caφet swatch treated with a formulation according to Table 1 is evaluated by placing one (or more) drops of the beverage on the surface of the treated swatch and the rate at which the beverage is absorbed into the caφet is indicated.

The results of such test are indicated on Table 4, below.

TABLE 4 - BEVERAGE REPELLENCY

Observations

Ex. 1 —

Ex. 2 —

Ex. 3 —

Ex. 4 —

Ex. 5 good after 30 minutes

Ex. 6 good after 30 minutes

Ex. 7 good after 30 minutes

Ex. 8 good after 30 minutes

Ex. 9 —

Ex. 10 —

Ex. 11 —

Ex. 12 good after 15 minutes

Ex. 13 good after 30 minutes

Ex. 14 good after 60 minutes

Ex. 15 good after 30 minutes

-" indicates that the sample was not tested

Motor Oil Repellency

In order to provide a further indicator of the characteristics of the repellency imparted to a sample caφet in a setting more approximate to a consumer or end-user environment, a motor oil repellency test was performed The motor oil used in the test was a used automotive grade motoro oil. Such are known to be greenish-brown in color, viscous and notorious in both their staining ability, as well as the difficulty associated in removing them from fibers, especially caφet surfaces According to the test, a sample caφet swatch treated with a formulation according to Table 1 is evaluated by placing one (or more) drops of the motor oil on the surface of the treated swatch and the rate at which the motor oil is absorbed into the caφet is indicated

The results of such test are indicated on Table 5, following

TABLE 5 - MOTOR OIL REPELLENCY

Observations

Ex. 1 —

Ex. 2 —

Ex. 3 —

Ex. 4 —

Ex. 5 good after 30 minutes

Ex. 6 good after 30 minutes

Ex. 7 good after 30 minutes

Ex. 8 good after 20 minutes

Ex. 9 —

Ex. 10 —

Ex. 11 —

Ex. 12 good after 30 minutes

Ex. 13 good after 30 minutes

Ex. 14 good after 60 minutes

Ex. 15 good after 30 minutes

" — " indicates that the sample was not tested

As may be seen from the above results indicated on Tables 4 and 5, the formulations according to the invention impart excellent water and oil repellency to caφet fibers, particularly with regard to the sweetened beverage compositions and used motor oil compositions which are known to be notoroπously difficult to remove from caφet fibers.