TUOMINEN, Kari (Laiturikatu 3 B 34, Lahti, FI-15140, FI)
| Claims 1. Arrangement in connection with foundations of mast-like structures comprising main reinforcement (2) for a base slab (1) that is to be arranged using concrete material and arranged upon foundation soil and wherein anchoring bolts (3) function as fastening devices for the mast-iike structure, characterized in that the arrangement comprises a prefabricated tubular mould (4). the first end of which is arranged to extend through the base slab (1) to be formed down to the foundation soil and the second end is arranged to extend above the top surface of the base slab (1 ). 2. The arrangement of Claim 1 , characterized in that the anchoring bolts (3) for the mast-like structure are arranged inside the prefabricated mould (4). 3. The arrangement of Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reinforcement (5) for the concrete is arranged inside the prefabricated mould (4). 4. The arrangement of any of the previous Claims 1 - 3, characterized in that there in the prefabricated mould (4) are arranged devices (6) arranged for an- choring the prefabricated mould (4) to the base slab (1 ) and functioning in power transmission between the prefabricated mould and the base slab. 5. The arrangement of Claim 4, characterized in that the devices (6) are holes for the main reinforcement (2) of the base slab, which have been formed in one end of the prefabricated tubular mould (4) and that the main reinforcements {4} are intended for fitting into the holes and cross-wise extending through the prefabricated tubular mould (4). 6. The arrangement of Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the devices (6) are holes, steps, projections etc. that are arranged for anchoring the tubular prefabricated mould (4) to the base slab (1 ). 7. The arrangement of any of the previous Claims 1 - 6, characterized in that the prefabricated mould {4} is a tube made of a metallic materia!. 8, The arrangement of any of the previous Claims 1 - 6, characterized in that the prefabricated mould (4) is a tube made of a plastic material 9. The arrangement of Claim 1 , characterized in that that the heads of the anchoring bolts (3) are arranged to project outside the other end of the prefabricated mould (4). 10. The arrangement of Claim 1 , characterized in that the first end of the prefabricated tubular Mould (4) is arranged as a closed end. |
The object of the invention is an arrangement in connection with the foundation of mast-iike structures, comprising main reinforcement for a base slab that is to be arranged using concrete material and arranged upon foundation soil and wherein anchoring bolts function as fastening devices.
The invention is thus connected with the foundation solution of mast-like structures. Mast-like structures of this kind are, for instance, lamp-posts, wind turbines, especially small wind turbines and other similar structures.
The foundations of the afore-mentioned structures are quite often constructed of suitable precast concrete elements. In a solution of this kind anchoring bolts act as anchoring devices for the post. Another prior art solution has been a solution, based upon casting of the structure in situ. In a solution of this kind, there is constructed a suitable casting mould on the place, where the mast-like structure shall be placed, the reinforcements are laid out in the casting mould and the concrete is cast.
The problem with the solution based upon precast concrete elements is the problem of a big shipping weight associated with the precast elements and a logistic differentiation in relation to the structure of the mast proper or the post structure. The weight puts special demands on the transports and the hoisting gear, The disadvantages with a solution based upon casting in situ are in practical situations formed by very easily born delays in the time schedule. In order to carry out a solution of this kind, there is a need to separately gather together moulding equipment, skilled workers, reinforcements and other equipment on the working site, wherein delay with any element in some situations may even considerably complicate and delay the actual construction of the structure. The object of the invention is to provide a solution, whereby the disadvantages connected with the prior art are eliminated. This has been achieved using an arrangement according to the invention. The arrangement according to the in- vention is characterized in that the arrangement comprises a prefabricated tubular mould, the first end of which is arranged to extend through the base slab to be formed down to the foundation soil and the second end is arranged to extend above the top surface of the base slab, that reinforcement for the concrete and anchoring bolts for the mast-like structure are arranged inside the prefabricated mould and that there in the prefabricated mould are arranged devices arranged for anchoring the prefabricated mould to the base slab and functioning in power transmission between the prefabricated mould and the base slab. The advantage of the invention lies especially in the fact that it by the invention is possible to solve the problems of an element-based structure and a structure based upon casting in situ so that the advantages of neither of the solution types get lost. An advantage of the invention is also its simplicity, whereby use and deployment of the invention will be inexpensive.
Next, the invention will be explained in more detail with the help of one embodiment example described in the accompanying figure, wherein
Figure 1 shows the arrangement according to the invention as a side view of a render in principle,
Figure 2 shows the embodiment of Figure 1 as a render according to the arrows A ~ A, Figure 3 shows the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 as a render seen from above, Figure 4 shows a detail of Figure 3 as a render seen in a bigger scale, and
Figure 5 shows the embodiment of Figures 1 - 4 as a perspective render in principle.
In Figures 1 - 5 there is in principle shown one embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention. By the reference number 1 is schematically shown a base slab to be arranged on foundation soil. The main reinforcement of the base slab is schematically shown by the reference number 2. By the reference number 3 are shown the anchoring bolts that act as anchoring devices for the mast-like structure. The anchoring bolts 3 may, for instance, be butt bolts having a threaded part at one end, as shown in the figures. The arrangement further comprises a prefabricated tubular mould 4. The first end of the tubular mould 4 has been arranged to extend through the base slab 1 to be formed down to the foundation soil. The second end of the tubular mould 4 is arranged to extend above the top surface of the base slab 1. Inside the prefabricated mould 4 has been arranged reinforcement 5 for the concrete and anchoring bolts 3 for the mast-like structure. In the prefabricated mould 4 have also been arranged holes 6 for the main reinforcement of the base slab 1.
The main reinforcements 2 and the reinforcements 4 may be ordinary ribbed reinforcement bars.
At the casting stage the reinforcements shown in the figures are covered by concrete in such a way that the reinforcements are inside the concrete. Casting of both the base slab and the prefabricated mould can be performed simultaneously. In the previously shown embodiment, there has thus been used a prefabricated tubular mould 4, The prefabricated mould 4 may be made of metal, plastic or any other suitable material. The prefabricated mould may, for instance, be an air condition tube or any other similar tube with a diameter suitable for the situation and which is cut to a length suitable for the situation in question. As shown in the figures, inside the prefabricated tubular mould there has been arranged the reinforcement 5 and in the first end the anchoring bolts 3 so that the heads of the anchoring bolts project outside the first end of the prefabricated mould 4. The mast-like structure can be fastened to the anchoring bolts in a per se well-known manner. The mould extends through the base slab 1 down to the foundation soil, as shown in the figures.
Into the other end of the mould 4, in other words into the mould wall, have been arranged the devices 4 that are arranged for anchoring the prefabricated mould 4 to the base slab 1. The devices 6 may, for instance, be holes for the main reinforcements of the base slab, which have been formed in one end of the prefabricated tubular mould. The main reinforcements of the base slab extend crosswise through the prefabricated mould. The previously aforementioned matters are especially clearly shown in Figure 5. The main reinforce- ments 2 are pushed into the holes, where they are self-supporting, whereby no separate supporting spacers for the reinforcements thus are needed at all in an embodiment according to the invention.
The devices 6 may aiternatively also be suitable anchoring elements such as holes, steps, projections etc. that anchor the prefabricated mould 4 to the base slab 1 and in power transmission function between the fabricated mould 4 and the base slab 1.
It is also possible that the previously described embodiments in connection with the devices 6 even simultaneously are used in the same structure. The base slab 1 and the part formed by means of the prefabricated mould 4 may thus be anchored into each other in two ways, i.e. so that through the side of the mou!d 4 extend the main reinforcements of the base slab 1 , which anchor the slab and the part made by means of the mould 4, which extends down to the foundation soil and in such a way that there is a hole system in the prefabricated mould 4 in such a way that the base slab 1 and the part made by means of the prefabricated mould 4 function together. The anchoring into each other may also happen simultaneously in both the aforementioned ways, as previously shown.
Since the prefabricated tubular mould 4 extends through the base slab 1 , the casting of the base slab 1 and the prefabricated mould 4, i.e. the main pillar part cast by means of the prefabricated mould 4, may be performed simultaneously. This is due to the fact that there is no particular casting pressure from the main pillar part to the base slab. The first end of the prefabricated mould 1 towards the foundation soil has been formed as a closed end, i.e. in the first end that is towards the foundation soil there is an end plate that receives the casting pressure. Thus the prefabricated mould 4 does not rise upwards because of the raising force of the casting pressure. The other end of the prefab- rlcated tubular mould 4, in other words the bottom end in the embodiment shown in the figures, is perforated, i.e. there have been formed holes 6 in the bottom end, both for the main reinforcements of the base slab 1 and preferably also for the anchoring between the slab and the tubular part. As the parts of the embodiment shown in the figures are dispatched to the work site, the main reinforcements of the base slab 1 may preferably be inside the prefabricated tubular mould 4, The reinforcements 5 and the anchoring bolts 3 are, naturally, thus also inside the prefabricated mould 4 in the way shown in the figures. The main reinforcements of the base slab are at the work site taken out from the prefabricated mould 4 and installed in place for the casting of the base slab 1. Thus the transport is a simple and easily executed stage because of the dispatch ensemble formed by the prefabricated tubuiar mould 4.
The aim of the above described example embodiment is not to limit the inven- tion in any way, but the invention may be modified quite freely within the limits of the claims. Thus the different structure elements and details in an embodiment according to the invention must not necessarily be quite similar to those shown in the figures, but other kinds of structure elements and details are also possible. The invention is for example not in any way limited to any particular dimensions or proportions, in addition, the forms of the base slab and the prefabricated mould as well as the reinforcement arrangements my freely vary according to the prevailing conditions.