BACKGROUND

[0001] Computing devices of all kinds are ubiquitous in modern times. These devices automate a variety of tasks that may take humans several hours to years in completing. As technologies improve with regard to computing devices, the level of autonomy provided by the computing devices also increases. Users are able to input data to these computing devices, and produce a wide variety of user-appreciable products in the form of data or even physical items.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0002] The accompanying drawings illustrate various examples of the principles described herein and are part of the specification. The illustrated examples are given merely for illustration, and do not limit the scope of the claims.

[0003] Fig. 1 is a block of a feedback device, according to an example of the principles described herein.

[0004] Fig. 2 is a block of a computing device for instructing a user to change a pace in operation of the computing device, according to an example of the principles described herein.

[0005] Fig. 3. is a depiction of the movement of a computing device for instructing a user to change a pace in operation of the computing device including a musical composition used to set the pace for the user, according to an example of the principles described herein. [0006] Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing a method of providing feedback to a user regarding the user’s movement of a computing device, according to an example of the principles described herein.

[0007] Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing a method of providing feedback to a user regarding the user’s movement of a computing device, according to an example of the principles described herein.

[0008] Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing a method of providing feedback to a user regarding the user’s movement of a computing device, according to an example of the principles described herein.

[0009] Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing a method of providing feedback to a user regarding the user’s movement of a computing device, according to an example of the principles described herein.

[0010] Throughout the drawings, identical reference numbers designate similar, but not necessarily identical, elements. The figures are not necessarily to scale, and the size of some parts may be exaggerated to more clearly illustrate the example shown. Moreover, the drawings provide examples and/or implementations consistent with the description; however, the description is not limited to the examples and/or implementations provided in the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] As mentioned above, as technologies improve with regard to computing devices, the level of autonomy provided by the computing devices also increases. Some computing devices consume user-entered data in the form of motion of the computing device provided or effected by the user. For example, a user may be using a hand-held printing device that uses the motion of the user’s hand to move it across media such as paper to print the images and text input to the hand-held printing device onto the media instead through the use of a number of motors and rollers to feed the paper through and guide a printhead across the media. In this example, the speed or pace at which the user moves the hand-held printing device across the media, the acceleration of the movement of the hand-held printing device, or a combination thereof (hereinafter pace and/or acceleration) may affect the manner in which the hand- held printing device prints to the media. Further, some devices may move autonomously, but their movement may be adjusted through instructions input by the user to the computing device if that movement changes from an intended or desired pace or acceleration. In this situation, the user’s feedback may be useful in informing the user when he or she may adjust the functioning of the computing device to cause the pace or acceleration to be adjusted.

[0012] Examples of computing devices that utilize movement of the user include cameras that take panoramic images that utilize the movement of the user’s hand to capture the panoramic image; a swimming pacing computing device coupled to a portion of the user’s body that analyzes a user’s strokes while swimming; a dance training computing device coupled to a portion of the user’s body that analyzes timing of dance steps, a running pacing computing device coupled to a portion of the user’s body that analyzes a pace of the runner, a golf club swing analyzing computing device that analyzes a golfer’s swing, an automobile driving computing device that analyzes the pace of the automobile or other movements of the automobile, or other types of computing devices whose input is based on the movement of a user and/or whose output is based on the movement of the user.

[0013] Examples of computing devices that move autonomously but whose pace and/or acceleration may be adjusted by the user based on feedback to the user and through instructions input by the user to the computing device include any device that the user has control over its pace such as vehicles that operate at an intended pace using a speed control device (e.g., cruise control) but whose pace has slowed or quickened and that allow the user to adjust the speed control, an electric train that includes lever to set a voltage that moves the electric train at a pace but allows the user to adjust the lever to adjust the voltage provided to the electric train and adjust the pace of the electric train, a printing device that includes a mechanical arm to move a printhead but includes a user-input to allow the user to adjust the pace of the mechanical arm, among other types of computing devices that move autonomously but whose pace may be adjusted by the user based on feedback to the user and through instructions input by the user.

[0014] Further, the acceleration associated with the motion of the computing device through space may also be controlled through the audio feedback loop provided by the examples of an audio feedback device described herein. In some examples, the pace, the acceleration, or combinations thereof may be controlled through the audio feedback loop provided by the examples of an audio feedback device described herein.

[0015] With respect to the types of adjustments to the musical

composition when providing the audio feedback to the user, the examples described herein provide a feedback mechanism which uses audio playback with modulated feedback tempo, pitch, overtones, octaves, chords, or combinations thereof that vary in accordance with the disparity between a pace and/or acceleration of a computing device through space in relation to a target pace and/or acceleration. This target pace and/or acceleration may be constant or may be a varying target pace and/or acceleration such that the audio feedback which would play at the modulated tempo, pitch and/or overtones above or below the anticipated user expectation encourages user behavior towards the constant or varying target of the computing device.

[0016] Examples described herein provide an audio feedback module that causes the tempo of a musical composition output by the audio output device to change based on the pace at which the computing device is moving through space whether a user is directly moving the computing device or the user is indirectly controlling the autonomous movement of the computing device. Thus, the audio feedback module creates an audio feedback loop to encourage or instruct a user to adjust the pace of the computing device directly through the user’s movement of computing device or indirectly through the user’s

instructions to the computing device.

[0017] Thus, the user’s input to the computing device and/or the computing device’s output may depend on the user’s movement of the computing device. Further, the user’s feedback may be useful in adjusting the functioning of the computing device to cause the computing device to change its pace. A user may benefit from some type of system that assists him or her in moving the computing device at an intended pace or adjusting the functioning of the computing device to cause the computing device to change its pace. In one example, an audio output device may be used to assist a user in such an endeavor. In his book, This is Your Brain on Music , author Daniel Levitin proposes that humans have remarkably good memories of both tempo and pitch of commonly heard tunes. For example, the inventors tested ten individuals, asking them to pick a piano version of Ah vous dirai-je, Maman by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (a.k.a., Twinkle-Twinkle Little Star) with“the most familiar tempo” among a number of renditions with varying tempos. All the individuals were presented with three audio samples, one at 1 10 beats per minute (bpm), one at 120 bpm, and one at 130 bpm. All the individuals reported their mental familiar tempo for this musical composition as between 1 10 beats/minute and 130 beats/minute.

[0018] The examples described herein exploit the relatively accurate internal tempo clock humans all have for familiar tunes as a basis for a control signal to the brain. Leveraging this phenomenon, a dynamic feedback system used to control human actions so they occur at desired, and consistent, paces may be created. Thus, as to the action of swiping one’s hand across a surface, tracing a linear path to successfully operate a hand-held printing device such as hand-held printers developed and distributed by HP, Inc. Because the present systems and methods rely on pre-established tempo knowledge of the user, no instructions are presented to the user as to the operation of the computing device. Instead, a familiar song may be played at an established and familiar tempo when the human’s action occurs at the computer-desired pace. If the user moves too quickly, the tempo at which the music is played may be held accelerated. If the user moves the computing device too slowly or if the autonomous movement of the computing device is too slow, the tempo of played music may be slowed or reduced to a below-familiar level. Through these systems and methods, it becomes intuitively obvious to the user that movement at a particular pace plays the familiar song at the familiar tempo. In an example, with changes in the tempo of the music, the systems and methods described herein may or may not also adjust the pitch of the music.

[0019] Examples described herein provide a feedback device. The feedback device includes an audio output device, a user input device

communicatively coupled to the audio output device, and an audio feedback module communicatively coupled to the user input device and the audio output device. The audio feedback module senses a pace at which a user is inputting data to the user input device via movement of the user-input device or a pace of autonomous movement of the computing device or a device that includes the computing device, and causes the tempo of music output by the audio output device to change based on the pace to encourage the user to change the pace to a standard pace defined by the feedback device.

[0020] Music output by the audio output device may be a user-familiar musical composition. The familiar musical composition may include a user- identifiable tempo. The pace at which the user is inputting data to the user input device may be based on a pace the user is moving a computing device in which the feedback device is included. The audio feedback module outputs the music at a relatively faster tempo in response to detection of user input at too fast a pace, and the audio feedback module outputs the music at a relatively slower tempo in response to detection of user input at too slow a pace. The familiar musical composition may include one of a plurality of musical compositions pre- stored in the computing device that comprise user-expected tempos, a regionally optimized musical composition, a plurality of musical compositions that are user-added, or combinations thereof.

[0021] Examples described herein also provide a computer program product for instructing a user to change a pace in operation of the computing device. The computer program product may include a computer readable storage medium including computer usable program code embodied therewith. The computer usable program code, when executed by a processor may, with an audio feedback module, sense a pace at which the user is inputting data to the user input device via movement of the user-input device, and, with the audio feedback module, adjust the tempo of a musical composition output by an audio output device based on the pace to encourage the user to change the pace to a standard pace defined by the computing device.

[0022] The computer program product may also include computer usable program code to, when executed by the processor, transform the user’s movement of the user input device to an adjusted playback tempo. In response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the user input device is as intended by the user-input device, the computer usable program code may cause the tempo of the musical composition output by an audio output device at a user-expected playback tempo. Further, in response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the user input device is not as intended by the user-input device, the computer usable program code may cause the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio output device at a playback tempo different from the user-expected playback tempo. The musical composition may include a user-identifiable tempo. The pace at which the user is inputting data to the user input device via movement of the user input device may be based on a pace the user is moving a computing device in which the user input device is included. The computer program product may include computer usable program code to, when executed by the processor, and in response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the device is faster than as intended by the device, cause the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio output device to be faster than the user- expected playback tempo, and, in response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the device is slower than as intended by the device, cause the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio output device to be slower than the user-expected playback tempo. The tempo may be user- adjustable.

[0023] Examples described herein also provide a method of providing feedback to a user regarding the user’s movement of a computing device. The method may include, with a processor executing an audio feedback module, measuring a pace at which a user moves a device, and transforming the user’s movement of the device to an adjusted playback tempo. In response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the device is as intended by the device, the method may include causing the tempo of music output by an audio output device at a user-expected playback tempo. Further, in response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the device is not as intended by the device, the method may include causing the tempo of the music output by the audio output device to be output at a playback tempo different from the user-expected playback tempo.

[0024] The method may include, in response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the device is faster than as intended by the device, causing the tempo of music output by the audio output device faster than the user-expected playback tempo. Further, in response to a

determination that the pace at which the user moves the device is slower than as intended by the device, the method may include causing the tempo of music output by the audio output device slower than the user-expected playback tempo. The user-expected playback tempo may be user-adjustable.

[0025] Examples described herein also provide a computing device for instructing a user to change a pace in operation of the computing device. The computing device includes a processor, a data storage device communicatively coupled to the processor to store an audio feedback module for execution by the processor, an audio output device, and a user input device communicatively coupled to the audio output device. The audio feedback module senses a pace at which the user is inputting data to the user-input device, and causes the tempo of music output by the audio output device to change based on the pace at which the data is input. The music output by the audio output device may be a user-familiar musical composition. The familiar musical composition may include a user-identifiable tempo.

[0026] The pace at which the user is inputting data to the user input device may be based on a pace the user is moving the computing device. The audio feedback module may output the music at a relatively faster tempo in response to detection of user-input of the data a too fast a pace. Further, the audio feedback module may output the music at a relatively slower tempo in response to detection of user-input of the data a too slow a pace. The user- identifiable tempo may be user-adjustable. [0027] As used in the present specification and in the appended claims, the term“tempo” is meant to be understood broadly as is the speed of a given musical composition. This speed may be expressed in beats per minute (bpm). The tempo of a musical composition may be varied as played or output by an audio output device. A familiar tempo is a tempo that is intrinsically or inherently known by a user. Thus, the musical number output by the computing devices described herein and which are used to pace a user in the movement of the computing device may include the familiar tempo. In one example, the familiar musical number that includes the familiar tempo may be different among cultures, nations, and regions. Thus, the computing device may include a plurality of selectable musical compositions that a user may select from to obtain a musical composition that is familiar in tempo to the user.

[0028] As used in the present specification and in the appended claims, the term“pace” is meant to be understood broadly as the rate of movement of the computing device directly or indirectly by the user, and may be expressed in some distance per unit time such as meters per second (m/s) or inches per second (ips). A user may be encouraged by the feedback received from the computing device in the form of an audio output musical composition to move the computing device at a different pace where the familiar musical

composition’s tempo sets the pace for the user to match. The feedback provided by the audio feedback device described herein with regard to the pace may include feedback in the form of adjustments in the tempo, pitch, overtones, or combinations thereof of the musical composition.

[0029] As used in the present specification and in the appended claims, the term“acceleration” is meant to be understood broadly as the rate of change of the pace of the computing device as directly or indirectly moved by the user, and may be expressed in some distance per unit of time per unit of time (unit of time squared) such as meters per second, per second (m/s ² ) or inches per second, per second (ips ² ). A user may be encouraged by the feedback received from the computing device in the form of the audio output musical composition to adjust the acceleration of the computing device through space where the familiar musical composition’s tempo sets the acceleration for the user to match. The feedback provided by the audio feedback device described herein with regard to the acceleration may include feedback in the form of adjustments in the tempo, pitch, overtones, or combinations thereof of the musical composition.

[0030] Indirect or direct movement of the computing device by the user may be affected by the user directly moving the computing device, or affecting the movement of the computing device indirectly by providing instructions to the computing device via a user-input device to instruct the computing device to move at a different pace or acceleration. Throughout the examples described herein, the direct or indirect movement of the computing device by the user may be based on a desired or target pace or acceleration. For example, the computing device may optimally function at a specific pace or a range of paces, and the audio feedback loop provided may instruct or encourage a user to maintain that specific pace or a pace within the range of paces. Further, in some examples, the computing device may optimally function at a specific acceleration such as, for example, no acceleration so as to reduce or eliminate any jerky movement (i.e. , rate of change in acceleration measured in, for example, a unit of distance over time cubed (m/s ³ )) of the computing device during operation.

[0031] Thus, the examples described herein provide a feedback mechanism which uses audio playback with modulated feedback tempo, pitch, overtones, or combinations thereof that vary in accordance with the disparity between a pace and/or acceleration of a computing device through space in relation to a target pace and/or acceleration. This target pace and/or acceleration may be constant or may be a varying target pace and/or acceleration such that the audio feedback which would play at the modulated tempo, pitch and/or overtones above or below the anticipated user expectation encourages user behavior towards the constant or varying target of the computing device.

[0032] Turning now to the figures, Fig. 1 is a block of a feedback device (100), according to an example of the principles described herein. The feedback device (100) may be any device included within a computing device that is operated and physically moved within the environment by the user or whose movement is affected indirectly by providing instructions to the computing device via a user-input device. The feedback device (100) may include an audio output device (1 10). The audio output device (1 10) may be any device that outputs audible sounds in the form of vibrations that propagate as an audible wave of pressure through a transmission medium such as a gas, a liquid, or a solid. In one example, the audio output device (1 10) may be an audio speaker. The audio output device (1 10) outputs the familiar musical composition at a tempo defined by the audio feedback module (1 15) and based on the pace at which the user is moving the feedback device (100) or a computing device including the feedback device (100), and also based on the analysis provided by the audio feedback module (1 15).

[0033] The feedback device (100) may also include a user input device (1 1 1 ) communicatively coupled to the audio output device (1 10). The user input device (1 1 1 ) may include any device that is able to track the movement of the feedback device (100) by the user. For example, the user input device (1 1 1 ) may include a photodetector that may be used to detect the position, pace, and acceleration of the feedback device (100) or a computing device containing the feedback device (100) within space. The user input device (1 10) may also include any input device through which the user may provide instructions to the computing device to instruct the computing device to move at a different pace in order to affect the movement of the computing device. In this manner, the user input device (1 1 1 ) can identify the position, pace, and acceleration of the feedback device (100) and may provide that information to the audio output device (1 10) and/or the audio feedback module (1 15).

[0034] The audio feedback module (1 15) of the feedback device (100) is communicatively coupled to the user input device (1 1 1 ) and the audio output device (1 10). The audio feedback module (1 15) may include any combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware that senses a pace at which a user is inputting data to the user input device (1 1 1 ) via movement of the user input device (1 1 1 ), or may sense a pace at which the feedback device (100) is moving autonomously. The audio feedback module (1 15) causes the tempo of a musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) to change based on the pace at which the data is input to the user input device (1 1 1 ) or the pace at which the feedback device (100) is moving autonomously in order to encourage the user to directly or indirectly change the pace to a standard pace defined by the feedback device (100). In other words, the tempo of the musical composition, being a familiar musical composition with a familiar and intrinsically recognizable tempo, may be adjusted and output by the audio output device (1 10) based on the feedback loop formed by the user input device (1 10) and the audio feedback module (1 15).

[0035] The familiar musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) may be any musical composition that includes a familiar tempo that is intrinsically or inherently known by a user. An example described herein is Ah vous dirai-je, Maman by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (a.k.a., Twinkle-Twinkle Little Star) that is widely known to a great portion of the world with a tempo that is easily identifiable the familiar musical number that includes the familiar tempo may be different among cultures, nations, and regions. Thus, the feedback device (100) or a computing device that includes the feedback device (100) may include a plurality of selectable musical compositions that a user may select from to obtain a musical composition that is familiar in tempo to the user. In the examples described herein, the familiar musical composition may include one of a plurality of musical compositions pre-stored in the computing device that include user-expected tempos, a regionally optimized musical composition, a plurality of musical compositions that are user-added, or combinations thereof.

[0036] In one example, the audio feedback module (1 15) may output the musical composition to the audio output device (1 10) at a relatively faster tempo in response to detection that the feedback device (100) is moving at too fast a pace, and may output the music at a relatively slower tempo in response to detection that the feedback device (100) is moving at too slow a pace. Too fast and too slow of a pace may be defined as a pace at which the user moves the feedback device (100) or as a pace that is inconsistent with the operation of the computing device in which the feedback device (100) is included. [0037] For example, the computing device may be a hand-held printing device that uses the motion of the user’s hand to move it across media such as paper to print the images and text input to the hand-held printing device onto the media instead of through the use of a number of motors and rollers to feed the paper through and guide a printhead across the media. In this example, the user may move the hand-held printing device across the media too quickly as identified by the user input device (1 1 1 ) such that the printed subject matter becomes distorted from what was intended (e.g., too stretched or too shortened). Thus, the audio feedback module (1 15), in this example, may cause the audio output device (1 10) to output the familiar musical composition at a different tempo to instruct or encourage the user to speed up or slow down the movement of the hand-held printing device across the media so that the printed image is printed in a manner that is visually correct. In one example, the hand-held printing device may include additional hardware, firmware, and/or software to allow for a range of paces to be acceptable and adjust the timing and speed of deposition of printing fluid onto the media based on this range of acceptable paces so that the user may move the hand-held printing device within that range in order to achieve a visually correct image.

[0038] In the example of the hand-held printing device, print defects may be caused by printing too slow by moving the hand-held printing device too slow such as less that one or two inches per second (ips). Movement at this slow of a rate across the media causes the hand-held printing device to stop printing altogether. Further, moving the hand-held printing device too fast such as at a greater than approximately twenty ips across the media stretches the image and colors printed by the hand-held printing device may become misaligned). The range between“too slow” of a movement of the hand-held printing device and “too fast” of a movement of the hand-held printing device is a relatively large range that the users should operate the hand-held printing device in order to avoid defects in the printing.

[0039] However, along with operating the hand-held printing device within this minimum and maximum range of print speeds is that the velocity of the hand-held printing device should be caused to remain at a constant or consistent pace across the media. In other words, the user should seek to achieve low levels of acceleration and as little“jerk” in the movement of the hand-held printing device as possible. A user may be moving the hand-held printing device at a relatively optimal ten ips across the media, and may fluctuate or waver in that pace down to five ips. While 5 ips is still within the target print speed range, the change in pace and acceleration may cause defects in the printed media. More specifically, a rainbow grain

stretched/compressed warp may be formed in the printed media. These changes in pace and changes in acceleration may be observed several times during operation of the hand-held printing device. In many cases, there may be an acceleration at the beginning of the motion as the hand-held printing device goes from not moving to moving. In this initial movement, there may occur potential fluctuations in pace during the middle of the print job and a

deceleration as the customer suspects that they are near the end of the print job. Each of these time frames may be benefited by audio feedback with frequency or tempo training to provide the user with feedback as to how acceleration as well as pace may be corrected to achieve a printed media without defects. Different aspects of the operation of the hand-held printing device will now be described.

[0040] As to an acceptable range of paces (e.g., in inches per second), in some applications there may be a range of paces that the user may move the hand-held printing device across the media that are acceptable. Further, hard boundaries may be present in this range that define what are unacceptable paces. For example, at 1.0 ips, printing may stop but at 1.1 ips printing may continue. Further, at 19.9 ips the hand-held printing device may print acceptably, but at 20.0 ips and higher the hand-held printing device may start to stretch images as printed on the media. Creation of the auditory feedback system described herein may, for example, play a musical composition at the anticipated tempo (T _a ) for a majority of the acceptable range of paces (V _a ) but may start modifying the tempo off of T _a near the boarders and beyond V _a . Thus, the examples described herein include a feedback system that keeps the musical composition at T _a for a range of paces if they are all within V _a . Further, the examples described herein provide for the opportunity to manipulate the tempo of the musical composition outside of Ta even when the pace the user is moving the hand-held printing device across the media is within V _a to encourage the user to back away from the boundaries of V _a even before the user actually crosses V _a .

[0041] Further, in one example, the hand-held printing device may start each print job stationary in order to align a start indicator on the printer with the intended substrate. Then a user is to trigger the start of the print job and then start moving the hand-held printing device to start the printing process. The hand-held printing device may be moved at a consistent, constant velocity by the time printing begins. For at least this reason, the start of the printing location may be tens of millimeters after the start of motion for the hand-held printing device. The time between when the user starts moving the hand-held printing device and the start of the print job the“ramp.” The user acceleration of the hand-held printing device may occur within the indicated, pre-assigned distance for the ramp that is designed by the hardware features. Thus, the user may move the hand-held printing device by going from zero ips (i.e., stationary) to an intended pace and move the hand-held printing device at a consistent velocity thereafter without accelerating within this preset tens of millimeters of distance. In other words, if the user is accelerating the computing device (200) too slowly or if the user accelerated to a pace that is too slow and then stopped accelerating and was not on-target to reach the intended pace at the desired starting location, then the audio feedback loop may encourage and instruct the user to accelerate the movement of the computing device to the intended pace before the starting location in order to be on target.

[0042] Thus, the audio feedback features and elements of the examples described herein may cause the musical composition to play at the intended rate if the acceleration profile of the user is on-target to reach the intended pace and be at a constant pace at the intended start of print location. Thus, for example, if a user is below the minimum V _a but is accelerating appropriately to be within the V _a by the start of the printing location then the audio feedback may play at T _a , to indicate the positive user behavior. In instances where the user is already within the V _a range but is still accelerating and the rate of acceleration is not slowing down enough to indicate that the user will be at a constant velocity at the start of the printing such as , for example, when the user will still be accelerating while printing, then the tempo of the musical composition may be reduced below T _a to encourage the user to stop accelerating and stay steady at the current velocity. Thus, the present systems and methods may include predictive analysis on whether the user will reach the intended pace and acceleration by the time, for example, data collection or printing commences and may alter T _a to preemptively alter the user’s pace and acceleration before the collection of date or printing window starts.

[0043] The examples described herein may also include acceleration control. For example, rainbowing and misalignment of drops deposited onto the media by the hand-held printing device may be observed within the target print speed if the rate of printing is changed. This is because the hand-held printing device may include use the current pace of the movement of the hand-held printing device to predict when to fire drops of printing fluids so that the drops end up on the media at a specified time. Hand-held printing device that include multiple colors of printing fluid may include physical hardware defined distances between ink ejection locations of the multiple colors of printing fluids and the hand-held printing device may predict when to fire each of the colors that are located at different locations along the direction of motion so that the multiple colors of printing fluid may land on top of each other on the media.

[0044] As such, if the velocity of the movement of the hand-held printing device by the user is within the target range but is also changing the hand-held printing device may fire the colors of printing fluid at the timing for the pace that the hand-held printing device was traveling when the first firing is intended to land on the media, and the other colors of printing fluid may follow the timing based on that velocity of the first drops for that color. If the pace changes, particularly quickly, then these next drops may be fired at the previous velocity for them not the current instantaneous and now different velocity causing rainbowing morays. To prevent this defect the hand-held printing device may be moved at a constant velocity while printing. In this example, the audio feedback described herein may reduce or eliminate the potential for this defect by encouraging the user to change the Ta to a faster tempo if the user starts accelerating or to a slower tempo if the user starts decelerating. Further, in one example, the musical composition may be sensitive to even slight tempi changes resulting in noticeable song stretching or shrinking if the user accelerates or decelerates the hand-held printing device within the printing swath. This may be used to teach the user which behaviors are causing the print defects that they may see. In this example, the compositional tempo may be usefully varied outside of T _a within V _a to guide and reduce the rate of change of velocity defects.

[0045] Further, in the hand-held printing device example and in other examples it may be useful to know when data collection or printing is stopped. Simply stopping the musical composition or guiding the end of the musical composition may help a user to know when they are complete with the pacing of the movement of the hand-held printing device. This may prevent premature deceleration defects or defects caused by stopping the motion of the hand-held printing device or decreasing the pace below V _a when the user is still collecting data or printing but thinks that they are complete.

[0046] Additionally, in the examples described herein, the use of pleasant and unpleasant tone combinations of the musical composition may be used to direct or encourage the user to move the hand-held printing device at the correct tempo. For example, as described herein, tempo and frequency may be used to encourage a user to properly move the hand-held printing device at a proper pace or perform other functions in other examples. However, in some examples, the combinations of frequencies may also be used. In these examples,“octave” pedals that take the input and create a shifted frequency overlay that is then added to the audio input may be used. Because certain intervals are universally pleasing and create pleasing overtones such as octaves and fourths, and because certain intervals create higher tension and tone warping such as partial steps, seconds, sevenths, and tritones, these various pleasing and unpleasing shifted frequency overlays may be used to encourage the user to properly adjust the pace at which the computing device is moving. For example, the use of tone and chord mixing may be culturally understood throughout the world and the present systems and methods may use matching of a variety of acceptable input chord combinations to desirable paces to encourage the user to maintain or correct the pace. In these examples, the system may use multiple discrete paces that are acceptable and may also use paces between those acceptable paces that are not acceptable.

A user may be able to navigate through a set of possible acceptable and unacceptable paces in which to operate the device. A system allowing for chord and octave combinations may naturally convey the variety of acceptable and non-acceptable set-points for operation of the computing device.

[0047] In another example, the computing device may be a cruise control system within a vehicle that is user-adjustable to cause the pace of the vehicle to change. In this example, the vehicle may slow down or speed up for one reason or another including, for example, due to the vehicle climbing or descending a hill. In this example, the vehicle moving too quickly or too slowly as identified by a sensor such as a speedometer or an accelerometer, may be identified, and the audio feedback module (1 15) may cause the audio output device (1 10) to output the familiar musical composition at a different tempo to instruct or encourage the user to speed up or slow down the movement of the vehicle by adjusting the cruise control so that the vehicle moves at the intended pace. In one example, the vehicle may include additional hardware, firmware, and/or software to allow for a range of paces to be acceptable and adjust the tempo of the musical composition based on based on this range of acceptable paces so that the user may adjust the cruise control within that range in order to achieve an acceptable pace of the vehicle.

[0048] In keeping with the example of a cruise control within a vehicle, this example may be extended to instances where a fluctuating target value that a user is trying to constantly adjust the speed to match may be achieved. An example of this may be in pace setting exercise equipment and programs such as in treadmills, stationary bicycles, and rowing machines where a user is encouraged to maintain a specific pace. For example, a stationary bicycle may include a cycling exercise encouragement video or a rowing machine may include a“fish chasing” exercise routine. These types of devices and exercise routines may be used to encourage a user to speed up or slow down after a variety of target paces have been met using the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio feedback module (1 15) and audio output device (1 10). In these examples, the pace setting exercise equipment and programs may be used to train and inspire users to exercise, and may create playful variable pacing programs for blind individuals or other users who may benefit from an auditory feedback to set a pace during exercise. In these examples, two different people may be affected by the tempo at which their familiar musical composition plays. If a user used a musical composition to which the user was highly familiar and has an engrained knowledge of the tempo, then this musical composition playing too quickly or too slowly due to their pace being too quick or slow may assist the user in obtaining a specific exercise pace. These variable pacing programs may be inspiring to the user and may be effective at changing the user’s behavior to match the desired exercise pace.

[0049] In an example where the variable pacing exercise program is a cycling program, a motivational video may encourage the user to chase a peloton of cyclists up and down hillsides where the effort and pace are targeted to continually vary. This exercise program may be influenced by visual cues as well as the musical composition that the user listens to. In this example, the musical composition may be played at a tempo that matches an intended speed if they are hitting the target speed. This would encourage a user to vary the pace constantly to varying set-points in order to achieve the goals of the exercise program. Further, this control mechanism may also be used to encourage the acceleration of the user as well as his or her pace. The above concept may also be employed in competitive race-car driving where the audible feedback may be used to encourage and teach driving and control of a race car. In this example, a pacing and acceleration profile may be created based on other drivers’ performance or the driver’s own previous runs.

[0050] As an example of adjusting the tempo of the musical composition in response to a determination that the acceleration of the computing device (200) through space is too fast or too slow, when first learning to ride a motorcycle a user may make it a point to ensure that he or she slowly decelerates with the rear brake so that the tire remains in contact with the road. In this example, the computing device (200) may be a motorcycle rider training module that suggests the maximum deceleration rate of a motorcycle by playing the audio feedback at a tempo as a reward for appropriate deceleration rates and plays at a different or adjusted tempo if the user is decelerating too quickly or too slowly. In this manner, the behavior of the user is being controlled by the audio feedback module (1 15) by encouraging or instructing the user to properly operate the motorcycle.

[0051] Fig. 2 is a block of a computing device (200) for instructing a user to change a pace in operation of the computing device (200), according to an example of the principles described herein. The computing device (200) may be any computing device that consumes sensed or user-entered data in the form of position, speed, and acceleration of the computing device through space provided or effected by the user directly through the user actually moving the computing device or indirectly through the user instructing the computing device. In some examples described herein, a user may be using a hand-held printing device that uses the motion of the user’s hand to move it across media such as paper to print the images and text input to the hand-held printing device onto the media instead through the use of a number of motors and rollers to feed the paper through and guide a printhead across the media. In this example, the pace at which the user moves the hand-held printing device across the media may affect the manner in which the hand-held printing device prints to the media. In other examples described herein, the user may be allowed to adjust the movement of the computing device indirectly by providing instructions to the computing device such as in the case of the user controlling the pace of a vehicle via a cruise control system. In this example, although the pace at which the user moves is not directly affecting the computing device or the pace or acceleration of the vehicle, the paceand acceleration of the vehicle may be indirectly controlled by the user by adjusting input to the cruise control. As the user is provided feedback from the audio feedback module (115), the user may adjust the cruise control to adjust the pace or acceleration of the vehicle.

[0052] Other examples of computing devices (200) that utilize movement of the user include, for example, cameras that take panoramic images that utilize the movement of the user’s hand to capture the panoramic image; a swimming pacing computing device coupled to a portion of the user’s body that analyzes a user’s strokes while swimming; a dance training computing device coupled to a portion of the user’s body that analyzes timing of dance steps, a running pacing computing device coupled to a portion of the user’s body that analyzes a pace of the runner, a golf club swing analyzing computing device that analyzes a golfer’s swing, an automobile driving computing device that analyzes the speed of the automobile or other movements of the automobile, or other types of computing devices whose input is based on the movement of a user, whose indirect instruction from a user moves the computing device, and/or whose output is based on the movement of the user.

[0053] The computing device (200) may be implemented in an electronic device. Examples of electronic devices include hand-held printing devices, hand-held computing devices, wearable computing devices, laptop computing devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), mobile devices, smartphones, gaming systems, tablets, and devices and systems that include the computing device (200) and use the computing device (200) to operate at least one of its functions to move at least one element of the device or system, among other electronic devices.

[0054] To achieve its desired functionality, the computing device (200) includes various hardware components. Among these hardware components may be a processor (101 ), a data storage device (102), a peripheral device adapter (103), a network adapter (104), an audio output device (1 10), and a user input device (1 1 1 ). These hardware components may be interconnected through the use of a number of busses and/or network connections. In one example, the processor (101 ), the data storage device (102), the peripheral device adapter (103), the network adapter (104), the audio output device (1 10), and the user input device (1 1 1 ) may be communicatively coupled via a bus (105).

[0055] The processor (101 ) may include the hardware architecture to retrieve executable code from the data storage device (102) and execute the executable code. The executable code may, when executed by the processor (101 ), cause the processor (101 ) to implement at least the functionality of measuring a pace at which a user moves the computing device (200) or at which the computing device (200) is moved either with the user effecting the movement (direct interaction) or without the user effecting the movement (indirect interaction). The executable code may also, when executed by the processor (101 ), cause the processor (101 ) to implement at least the functionality of transforming the detected movement of the computing device (200) to an adjusted playback tempo; in response to a determination that the pace at which the computing device (200) is moving as intended by the computing device (200), causing the tempo of musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) at a user-expected playback tempo; and in response to a determination that the pace at which the computing device (200) is not moving as intended by the computing device (200), causing the tempo of musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) at a playback tempo different from the user-expected playback tempo, according to the methods of the present specification described herein. The executable code may also, when executed by the processor (101 ), cause the processor (101 ) to implement at least the functionality of causing the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) to be faster than the user- expected playback tempo in response to a determination that the pace at which the computing device (200) is moving is faster than as intended by the computing device (200); and causing the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) to be slower than the user-expected playback tempo in response to a determination that the pace at which the computing device (200) is moving is slower than as intended by the computing device (200). In the course of executing code, the processor (101 ) may receive input from and provide output to a number of the remaining hardware units. [0056] The data storage device (102) may store data such as executable program code that is executed by the processor (101 ) or other processing device. As will be discussed, the data storage device (102) may specifically store computer code representing a number of applications that the processor (101 ) executes to implement at least the functionality described herein. The data storage device (102) may include various types of memory modules, including volatile and nonvolatile memory. For example, the data storage device (102) of the present example includes Random Access Memory (RAM) (106), Read Only Memory (ROM) (107), and Hard Disk Drive (HDD) memory (108). Many other types of memory may also be utilized, and the present specification contemplates the use of many varying type(s) of memory in the data storage device (102) as may suit a particular application of the principles described herein. In certain examples, different types of memory in the data storage device (102) may be used for different data storage needs. For example, in certain examples the processor (101 ) may boot from Read Only Memory (ROM) (107), maintain nonvolatile storage in the Hard Disk Drive (HDD) memory (108), and execute program code stored in Random Access Memory (RAM) (106).

[0057] The data storage device (102) may include a computer readable medium, a computer readable storage medium, or a non-transitory computer readable medium, among others. For example, the data storage device (102) may be, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium may include, for example, the following: an electrical connection having a number of wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random-access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store computer usable program code for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In another example, a computer readable storage medium may be any non-transitory medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0058] The data storage device (102) may include a music database where at least one musical composition is stored for playback via the audio feedback module (1 15) and the audio output device (1 10). In one example, a plurality of selectable musical compositions may be stored within the data storage device (102) so that a user may select from and obtain a musical composition that is familiar in melody and/or tempo to the user.

[0059] The hardware adapters (103, 104) in the computing device (200) enable the processor (101 ) to interface with various other hardware elements, external and internal to the computing device (200). For example, the peripheral device adapters (103) may provide an interface to input/output devices, such as, for example, a display device, a mouse, or a keyboard. The peripheral device adapters (103) may also provide access to other external devices such as an external storage device, a number of network devices such as, for example, servers, switches, and routers, client devices, other types of computing devices, and combinations thereof. The network adapter (104) may provide the computing device (200) with access to communications via a wired or wireless network.

[0060] The computing device (200) further includes a number of modules used in the implementation of the functionality described herein. The various modules within the computing device (200) include executable program code that may be executed separately. In this example, the various modules may be stored as separate computer program products. In another example, the various modules within the computing device (200) may be combined within a number of computer program products; each computer program product including a number of the modules.

[0061] The computing device (200) may include an audio feedback module (1 15) and a music composition module (1 16). The music composition module (1 16) may be executed along with the audio feedback module (1 15) to provide a user with the ability to select a musical composition from the music database (1 17) and playback a selected musical composition.

[0062] The audio feedback module (1 15), when executed by the processor (101 ), provides feedback to a user as the movement of the computing device (200) and its pace is detected. The feedback provides that user with information in the form of the playback of a familiar musical composition with a familiar tempo and/or pitch. This feedback assists the user in knowing how the user should adjust the pace at which he or she moves the computing device (200) or how the user should indirectly instruct the computing device (200) to move. This is in order to allow the computing device (200) to function at a pace that provides for an intended output form the computing device (200) or an intended input to the computing device. Further, the feedback assists the user in knowing how to adjust the pace and/or acceleration of the computing device’s (200) functions in order to cause the computing device (200) to move at a different pace and/or acceleration with or without the user touching the computing device (200).

[0063] In the example where the computing device (200) is a hand-held printing device, the output of the audio feedback module (1 15) to the audio output device (1 10) and the tempo at which the familiar musical composition is output guides the user’s pace at which he or she moves the hand-held printing device. The user input device (1 1 1 ) sends data to the audio feedback module (1 15) indicating the pace at which the user is moving the hand-held printing device, and the audio feedback module (1 15) adjusts the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) to encourage or guide the user to either quicken or slow down his or her pace of movement of the hand- held printing device across a media onto which the hand-held printing device is printing. The user input device (1 1 1 ) in this example may track the pace at which the hand-held printing device is moving using a photodetector that detects movement across the media, and sends that data to the audio feedback module (1 15). In response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the hand-held printing device is faster than as intended by the hand-held printing device or faster than the hand-held printing device may be able to deposit print fluid, the audio feedback module (1 15) causes the tempo of the music composition output by the audio output device (1 10) to be faster than a user-expected playback tempo. Similarly, in response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the hand-held printing device is slower than as intended by the hand-held printing device or slower than the hand-held printing device can deposit print fluid, the audio feedback module (1 15) causes the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) slower than the user-expected playback tempo.

[0064] In an example where the computing device is a cruise control system within a vehicle that is user-adjustable to cause the pace of the vehicle to change, the vehicle may slow down or speed up for one reason or another including, for example, due to the vehicle climbing or descending a hill. In this example, the vehicle moving too quickly or too slowly as identified by a sensor such as a speedometer or an accelerometer, may be identified, and the audio feedback module (1 15) may cause the audio output device (1 10) to output the familiar musical composition at a different tempo to instruct or encourage the user to speed up or slow down the movement of the vehicle by adjusting the cruise control so that the vehicle moves at the intended pace. Thus, in response to a determination that the pace at which the vehicle is moving is faster than as intended or faster than, for example, as allowed by law, the audio feedback module (1 15) causes the tempo of the music composition output by the audio output device (1 10) to be faster than a user-expected playback tempo. Similarly, in response to a determination that the pace at which the vehicle is moving is slower than as intended or slower than, for example, allows the vehicle to arrive at a destination at an intended time, the audio feedback module (1 15) causes the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) slower than the user-expected playback tempo.

[0065] In another example where the computing device (200) is an image capture device such as a camera included within a smartphone that may be used to capture panoramic images, the output of the audio feedback module (1 15) to the audio output device (1 10) and the tempo at which the familiar musical composition is output guides the user’s pace at which he or she moves the image capture device to capture the panoramic image. The user input device (1 1 1 ) sends data to the audio feedback module (115) indicating the pace at which the user is moving the image capture device, and the audio feedback module (1 15) adjusts the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) to encourage or guide the user to either quicken or slow down his or her pace of movement of the image capture device through space and across a panoramic scene. The user input device (1 1 1 ) in this example may track the speed at which pixels are captured, and send that data to the audio feedback module (1 15). In response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the image capture device is faster than as intended by the image capture device or faster than the image capture device may be able to capture images, the audio feedback module (1 15) causes the tempo of the music composition output by the audio output device (1 10) to be faster than a user-expected playback tempo. Similarly, in response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the image capture device is slower than as intended by the image capture device or slower than the image capture device may be able to capture images, the audio feedback module (1 15) causes the tempo of the musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) slower than the user-expected playback tempo.

[0066] In one example, the audio feedback module (1 15) may also adjust the pitch of the musical composition in addition to or instead of adjusting the tempo of the musical composition in response to the pace at which the user moves the computing device (200). As similarly described herein in connection with tempo, humans have remarkably good memories of both pitch of commonly heard tunes. Therefore, the present systems and methods may utilize the change of pitch of the musical composition instead of or in addition to adjusting the tempo. Fig. 3 is a depiction of the movement of a computing device (200) for instructing a user (310) to change a pace in operation of the computing device (200) including a musical composition (350) used to set the pace for the user (310), according to an example of the principles described herein. The musical composition (350) is Ah vous dirai-je, Maman by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (a.k.a., Twinkle-Twinkle Little Star) and Table 1 below includes the musical notes and corresponding frequencies at which the notes are played.

Table 1 : Notes and equivalent frequencies contained in Ah vous dirai-je, Maman by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (a.k.a., Twinkle-Twinkle Little Star).

[0067] In order to adjust the pitch of the musical composition in addition to or instead of adjusting the tempo of the musical composition in response to the pace at which the user moves the computing device (200), the audio feedback module (1 15) may cause the musical composition (350) output by the audio output device (1 10) to be output at different frequencies. For example, in response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the computing device (200) is faster than as intended by the computing device (200), the audio feedback module (1 15) may cause the frequency of the musical notes of the musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) to be raised to a higher frequency than a user-expected playback frequency.

Similarly, in response to a determination that the pace at which the user moves the computing device (200) is slower than as intended by the computing device (200), the audio feedback module (1 15) may cause the frequency of the musical notes of the musical composition output by the audio output device (1 10) to be lowered to a lower frequency than a user-expected playback frequency. In this manner, the frequency of the notes within the musical composition (350) may be adjust to encourage or direct the user’s pace associated with the movement of the computing device (200). [0068] Thus, in some examples, expected and adjusted pitches, tempos, or a combination thereof may be used as feedback to the user. In one example, the tempo may be adjusted while keeping the pitch constant such as in turning a crank faster or slower on a mechanical music box where the tempo is altered and the notes have a shorter or longer duration, but the pitch of the individual notes remains the same. In another example, the tempo and the pitch may be adjusted such as in the playing of a 33 rotations per minute (rpm) at a 38 rpm pace where the pitch would be increased, the duration of each note played would be decreased, and the tempo would be increased. In still another example, the tempo may be left unaltered but the musical composition (350) may be played in a different key. In this example, Ah vous dirai-je, Maman by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (a.k.a., Twinkle-Twinkle Little Star) may be played in the key of E rather than the key of C as depicted in Fig. 3, and the pitch would be increased, the note duration may remain constant, and the tempo may also remain constant. In any example described herein, the tempo, pitch, or a combination thereof may be adjusted based on the sensed movement of the computing device (200) in order to encourage or instruct the user to adjust the pace or acceleration of the computing device (200) directly or indirectly as described herein.

[0069] Turning now to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is again a depiction of the movement of a computing device (200) for instructing a user (310) to change a pace in operation of the computing device (200) including a musical composition (350) used to set the pace for the user (310), according to an example of the principles described herein. As depicted in Fig. 3, the user (310) is holding the computing device (200), and is moving the computing device (200) in the direction of arrow (315) across a subject (320). In the example where the computing device (200) is a hand-held printing device, the subject (320) may be a print media onto which the hand-held printing device deposits printing fluid to form and image on the media. In an example where the computing device (200) is an image capture device, the subject (320) may be a landscape the user (310) seeks to capture as a panoramic image. As the user (310) moves the computing device (200) along arrow (315), the user input device (1 1 1 ) detects the rate at which the user (310) is moving the computing device (200), and sends data defining the pace of the user’s (310) movement to the audio feedback module (1 15). The audio feedback module (1 15) then adjusts the tempo and/or frequency of notes included within the musical composition (350) based on the pace of the user’s (310) movement, and causes the musical composition (350) to be output to the audio output device (1 10) according to the methods described herein.

[0070] Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing a method (400) of providing feedback to a user (310) regarding the user’s (310) movement of a computing device (200), according to an example of the principles described herein. The method may include, with the audio feedback module (1 15) and the user input device (1 1 1 ), sensing (block 401 ) a pace or acceleration at which the computing device is moving. Movement of the user input device (1 1 1 ) is equivalent to movement of the computing device (200). The method (400) may also include, with the audio feedback module (1 15), adjusting (block 402) the tempo of the musical composition (350) output by the audio output device (1 10) based on the pace or acceleration to encourage the user (310) to change the pace or acceleration to an intended pace or acceleration defined by the computing device (200).

[0071] Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing a method (500) of providing feedback to a user (310) regarding the user’s (310) movement of the computing device (200), according to an example of the principles described herein. The method (500) may include, with the processor (101 ) executing the audio feedback module (1 15), measuring (block 501 ) a pace at which a user (310) moves the computing device (200). In one example, the user input device (1 1 1 ) may track the pace. The processor (101 ) executing the audio feedback module (1 15), may transform (block 502) the user’s (310) movement of the computing device (200) to an adjusted playback tempo.

[0072] A determination (block 503) may be made as to whether the pace at which the user (310) moves the computing device (200) is as intended by the computing device (200). In response to a determination that the pace at which the user (310) moves the computing device (200) is as intended by the computing device (200) (block 503, determination YES), the audio feedback module (1 15) causes (block 504) the tempo of the musical composition (350) output by the audio output device (1 10) at a user-expected playback tempo. In contrast, in response to a determination that the pace at which the user (310) moves the computing device (200) is not as intended by the computing device (200) (block 503, determination NO), the audio feedback module (115) causes (block 505) the tempo of the musical composition (350) output by the audio output device (1 10) to be output at a playback tempo different from the user- expected playback tempo.

[0073] Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing a method (600) of providing feedback to a user (310) regarding the user’s (310) movement of a computing device (200), according to an example of the principles described herein. The method (600) may include, with the processor (101 ) executing the audio feedback module (1 15), measuring (block 601 ) a pace at which a user (310) moves the computing device (200). In one example, the user input device (1 1 1 ) may track the pace. The processor (101 ) executing the audio feedback module (1 15), may transform (block 602) the user’s (310) movement of the computing device (200) to an adjusted playback tempo.

A determination (block 603) may be made as to whether the pace at which the user moves the computing device (200) faster or slower than as intended by the computing device (200). In response to a determination that the pace at which the user (310) moves the computing device (200) is faster than as intended by the computing device (200) (block 603, determination FASTER), the audio feedback module (1 15) causes (block 604) the tempo of the musical composition (350) output by the audio output device (1 10) to be faster than user-expected playback tempo. In contrast, in response to a determination that the pace at which the user (310) moves the computing device (200) is slower than intended by the computing device (200) (block 603, determination

SLOWER), the audio feedback module (1 15) causes (block 605) the tempo of the musical composition (350) output by the audio output device (1 10) to be output slower than the user-expected playback tempo.

[0074] Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing a method (700) of providing feedback to a user regarding the user’s movement of a computing device (100, 200), according to an example of the principles described herein. The method of Fig.

7 may provide audio feedback with respect to pace, acceleration, or

combinations thereof in order to assist a user to move or cause to move the computing device (100, 200) through space. The method (700) may include, with the processor (101 ) executing the audio feedback module (1 15), measuring (block 701 ) a pace and/or acceleration at which the computing device (200) is moving. In one example, the user input device (1 1 1 ) may track the pace and/or acceleration associated with the movement of the computing device (100, 200). The processor (101 ) executing the audio feedback module (1 15), may transform (block 602) the movement of the computing device (200) to an adjusted playback tempo.

[0075] A determination (block 703) may be made as to whether the pace and/or acceleration at which the computing device (100, 200) is moving faster or slower than as intended by the computing device (100, 200). In response to a determination that the pace and/or acceleration at which the computing device (100, 200) is moving is faster than as intended by the computing device (100, 200) (block 703, determination FASTER), the audio feedback module (1 15) causes (block 704) the tempo of the musical composition (350) output by the audio output device (1 10) to be faster than user-expected playback tempo. In contrast, in response to a determination that the pace and/or acceleration at which the computing device (100, 200) is moving is faster than as intended by the computing device (100, 200) (block 703, determination SLOWER), the audio feedback module (1 15) causes (block 705) the tempo of the musical

composition (350) output by the audio output device (1 10) to be output slower than the user-expected playback tempo.

[0076] In the examples of Figs. 4 through 7, the user (310) is affecting the movement of the computing device (200) directly by moving the computing device (200). However, the present methods (400, 500, 600, 700) may function in instances or examples where the user (310) indirectly changes the pace or acceleration of the computing device (200) through space such as in the vehicle cruise control example described herein. In this example, the user (310) may send instructions to the computing device (200) to indirectly cause the computing device (200) to change the pace or acceleration at which it functions.

[0077] In the examples described herein, the user (310) may adjust the user-expected playback tempo. In other words, the user (310) may determine and set what is the user-expected playback tempo for the familiar musical composition (350). For example, if the user believes that Ah vous dirai-je, Maman by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (a.k.a., Twinkle-Twinkle Little Star) (350) should be played at a relatively faster tempo of 130 bpm, then the user may set that as the default and standard tempo at which the device is encouraging and directing the user to move the computing device (200). This allows the user (310) to better define what his or her own identifiable and intrinsic or inherent tempo for the musical composition (310) is, and use that to best direct his or her movement of the computing device (200).

[0078] Further, the examples described herein may be embodied as a computer program product for instructing the user (310) to change a pace in operation of the computing device (200). For example, the audio feedback module (1 15) and music composition module (1 16) may be stored as individual computer program products or as a single computer program product. The computer program product includes computer readable storage medium including computer usable program code embodied therewith that may be executed by the processor (101 ) to perform the functions of the computing device (200) described herein.

[0079] In the examples described herein, the use of the audio feedback device may be used continually to encourage or instruct the user pace and acceleration when moving or causing to move the computing device through space. In an example, the audio feedback device may be used in a training mode. In this example of a training mode, the user may learn a correct or acceptable usage of the computing device depending on the specifics of the application, and the system may stop providing the feedback less and less as the user becomes proficient in moving or causing the movement of the computing device within space. In this manner, he user may be trained as to how the computing device is to move through space, and not rely on the audio feedback systems and devices described herein once a level of proficiency has been reached.

[0080] Aspects of the present system and method are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to examples of the principles described herein. Each block of the flowchart illustrations and block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and block diagrams, may be implemented by computer usable program code. The computer usable program code may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the computer usable program code, when executed via, for example, the processor (101 ) of the computing device (200) or other programmable data processing apparatus, implement the functions or acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. In one example, the computer usable program code may be embodied within a computer readable storage medium; the computer readable storage medium being part of the computer program product. In one example, the computer readable storage medium is a non-transitory computer readable medium.

[0081] The specification and figures describe a feedback device. The feedback device includes an audio output device, a user input device communicatively coupled to the audio output device, and an audio feedback module communicatively coupled to the user input device and the audio output device. The audio feedback module senses a pace at which a user is inputting data to the user input device via movement of the user-input device, and causes the tempo of music output by the audio output device to change based on the pace at which the data is input to encourage the user to change the pace to a standard pace defined by the feedback device.

[0082] The systems and methods described herein provide for a user- friendly way of not having to look at the computing device to determine proper tempo or cadence in understanding how to move the computing device (200) at an intended pace. In contrast, a user may refer to the audio output by the computing device so the user can concentrate on operating the computing device. Further, the user’s movement of the computing device is easily guided for a desired pace, and pace consistency, by way of the audio feedback. Still further, use of the audio feedback function of the computing device may be enjoyable to the user since the user can choose among familiar tunes to use as the output musical composition.

[0083] The systems and methods described herein do not overload or distract the user’s visual sensory pathways that may be used for other tasks including controlling body movement. Further, the systems and methods described herein functions over a wide range of movements, including, for example, swiping a handheld printer, taking a panoramic photo with a smartphone, swimming, driving a car, dancing, running, swinging a golf club, physical therapy such as when a user is recovering from a stroke with a powered exoskeleton, among many other functions. Still further, the present systems and methods function for sight-impaired and blind individuals, and does not require instructions or ability to read to use the system. Even still further, the present systems and methods work independent of language and works for almost all ages as it does not require a user to be able to see or read. Further, as opposed to a trivial implementation of audio such as a buzzer or unpleasant tone when the user exceeds the V _a range, the present systems and methods provide more fun to the user and incentives a positive behavior instead of punishing negative behaviors. Further, the present systems and methods naturally make softer edges and prevent reactionary jerk by, for example, outputting a calmer and more pleasant rendition of Ah vous dirai-je, Maman by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (a.k.a., Twinkle-Twinkle Little Star) played a bit faster or slower than expected as opposed to non-constructive and more unpleasant auditory feedback. A user may be more likely to gradually slow down or speed up the movement of the computing device than if a user heard a buzzer or saw an out of pace range LED, for example. This pleasant more controlled return to the target pace may prevent other defects caused by rate of velocity change that may otherwise include reactionary jerks caused by alarms when a user exceeds or starts towards exceeding the bounds. [0084] The preceding description has been presented to illustrate and describe examples of the principles described. This description is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit these principles to any precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching.