Already known to the state of the art are two types of equipment which are the manual ones that display very lim- <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> ited production-, with high cost in human effort, or else the machines, complex, expensive and heavy and that call for manufacturing installations-that are fixed, often lo- cated far from the places of application of the bricks and the raw materials There are also mobile models of ma- chines, which are driven hydraulically, by equipment com- pletely different from the present invention, that is purely mechanical.

With the objective of minimizing these problems the present invention was developed, through which a high rate of production is achieved, allied to factors such as sim- plicity of the machine, with economy in manufacture and es- pecially with excellent conditions of moving about, so as to be able to produce the bricks at point of consumption, without need for ovens for their roasting.

The attached drawings well illustrate the arrangement of the-machine that is the object of the present inven- tion, in which, presented in a non-restrictive example :

Figure 1 shows the le-ft side view of the machine, for the best visualization of the components that permit the basic movement I, which will be described later in this representation ; Figure-2 shows the right side view of the machine ; Figure 3 depicts a top view, showing the system of malds,-which will be described later herein ; Figure 4 shows a top view, envisaging the system that permits the basic movement, described hereinafter ; Figures 5 and 6 show vertical cross-sections of the <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> unit for moving the falsa batom,-in which it is possible to visualize a part of the components responsible for a part of the-basic movement III, described hereinafter ; Figure 7 is a schematic cross-section of the pressing system of the machine, wherein can be visualized the compo- nents that comprise the basic movement II of pressing ; Figure 8 is a schematic cross-section wherein can be visualized the components of the vertical extraction system that will provide movemeLt III ; Figure 9 is a partial view, in which a part of the <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> components of the echanical rotation system and the verti- cal extraction system can be visualized.

Thus the machine covered by this invention consists of the following basic elements : A-Structure--Composed of a rigid frame 1 (Figures 1, 2 and 9), plus its attachments, which support all the remain- ing ones r and contains-

-Upper table 2 (Figures 2 and 9), and serves to sup- port the form 7, which is being pressed (Figure 1), and also serves for attachment of the rotating shaft 52 of the forms (Figure 2 and 9) ; -Lower table 23 (Figures 1, 2 and 9), which serves as base for the machine and on which is fixed the shaft 56 (Figure-1} of the-carriage ; -Columns 4 (Figures 1, 2 and 9),-that interlink the two tables and serve to support the whole of the components of the-machine ; -Sliding guides 5 (Figure 1, 2, 7 and 9), that guide the movement of the tie-rods 25 (Figure 1, 2, 7 and 9) of the press car ; B-Mold System = > Consisting of : - Three molds 7 (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6 and 9), that receive the raw material to be pressed, contain it during the act of pressing (imparting-the shape-to the brick), and take the brick, already pressed, to the point of extrac- tion ; <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> -Rotary table 6 (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4r 5, 6 and 9),. which guides the forms in the vertical movement ; - False bottoms 8 of the forms (Figures 5 and 6), which move vertically in their interior, at the moment of extrac- tion of the brick, removing it to the outside of the form : -Removable wedges 9 (Figures 5 and 6), which serve for regulating the volume of raw material to be introduced into the form ; C-Raw Material Feeding System => Composed of :

-Silo 12 (Figures 1 and 2), which feeds each form that passes under it ; -Vibrator 13 (Figures 1 and 2), -Rod 16 of vibrator (Figures 1 and 2) ; -Eccentric roller 15 (Figures 1 and 2) ; Transmission chains 14 (Figures 1 and 2) : D-Pressing System = > Compresses raw materials to ex- tent desired, to giv& consistency to the brick, and is com- posed of : -Pressing carriage, depicted in Figure 7, and contain- ing : Supporting plate-23 (Figure-7) ; -Upper plate 24 (Figure 7) ; -Tie rods 25 (Figure 7) : -Roller 21 (Figure 7) ; -Cam wheel 27 of press (Figures 1, 2, 7, 8 and 9) -Arm 18, of press (Figures 1, 2, 7 and 9) Pressing plate 19 (Figures 1, 2, 7 and 9) -Press return spring 22 (Figures 1, 7 and 9) -Press guide-pin 20 (Figure 7) E-Vertical Extraction System = > Removes brick (al- ready pressed} from interior of form, and is composed of : -Cam wheel 26 of vertical extractor (Figures 1, 8 and 9) - Compression rod 27 (Figures 1, 8 and 9) ; -Rocker arm 28 (Figures 8 and 9) - Vertical extraction rod 29 (Figures 2, 5, 6, 8 and 9) ;

- Return springs 30 (Figures 2, 8 and 9) ; -System for moving false bottom of form, depicted in Figures 5 hand 6, and composed of : -Guide channels 32 (Figures 5 and 6) - Fixed pins 33 (Figures 5 and 6) -Upper roller 34 of compression shaft (Figures 8 and 9) -Lower roller 35 of compression shaft (Figures 1 and 8) Roller of vertical extraction shaft 36 (Figures 2 and 8) ; <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> F-Horizontal Extraction System-> Pushes brick, al- ready extracted from form, to outside of machine, being composed of : - Rotary arm 38 (Figure 4) ; -Alternating movement arm 39 (Figure 4) ; -Horizontal extra. cti. on-arm-40- (Figure 4) -Brick pusher plate 41 (Figure 4) ; -Rotary articulation 4-3 (Figure 4) ; -Linear articulation 44 (Figure 4) ; -Guide bar 45 of horizontal rod (-Figure 4).

G-Mechanical Rotation System => Produces the movements necessary for the functions of the machine, being composed of : -Motor 46 (Figures 1 and 2) ; -Reduction System of Rotation, 47 (Figures 1 and 2) ; -Arbor-Shaft 48 (Figures 1, 2, 7, 8 and 9) ;

-Auxiliary Vertical Shaft 50 (Figures 1, 2, 4 and9); -Mechanism 51 of"Maltese Cross" (Figures 1, 2 and 9) ; -Bearings-49 of Arbor Shaft (Figures 1, 7 and 8) ; -Shaft 55 of"Maltese Cross" (Figures 1, 2 and 9) ; Rotating Shaft 52 o-f Forms (Figures 2, 4 and 9) ; -Transmission Chain 53 (Figures 1, 2 and 9) ; -Transmission Gearing 54 (Figures 1, 2 and 9).

H-Locomotion System = > Consists of optional struc- ture for moving machine about, being composed of : -Shaft 56, with wheels (Figures 1 and 2) ; -Cross-bar 5-7 for Hoo-king-up with vehicles (Figures 1 and 2).

As, however, this Locomotion System is optional, the machine may be detached from this System and be supported direct on the ground when starting operation.

The process of manufacture of the soil-cement bricks can be better understood from the-description of the operations of the machine, observing the figure 1.

The drive system is driven by a conventional motor 46 (electrical, diesel or gasoline), which, after having its r. p. m. diminished by a rotation reducer 47, through the ar- bor shaft 48, commands 5 (five) basic movements that com- plement one another, namely : Movement I-Movement I, responsible for the rotation of the system of forms, can be understood and visualized through figure 1, complemented by figure 9, in the follow- ing sequence : arbor-rod 48 (Figure 1) drives a pair of gears 54, at 90 degrees (Figure 1), in which arises an au-

iliary vertical shaft 50 (Figure-1). The-latter drives the"Maltese Cross"system 51 (Figure 1), which produces a <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> discontinuous rotation of only 12 (1 degrees in each cycle, and rotation that, through a transmission chain 53 (Figure 1}, causes the-rotation of shaft 52 that turns the forms (Figure 9). This rotation is synchronized with the move- ments of the press and af the extractors, since the forms can turn only when the other movements previously mentioned are stationary in positions that do not prevent the rota- tion of the forms.

On each advance of this shaft, the three existing forms take up one of the possible positions, one below the silo mouth, another beneath the press and the last one above the vertical extraction point.

Movement II-This. mavement produces the action of pressing the brick, and can be understood and visualized through figure-7. The-arbor-shaft 48 drives the cam wheel 17 of the press, which turns continuously, moving the pressing car shown in Figure 7. The upward or downward movement of the carriage is obtained by the pressure that the-cam wheel applies to a roller 21, attached to the car- riage of the press. When the radius of the cam wheel is greater, the roller is pressured downwards and thus drags the unit in the direction of pressing the brick. When the radius of the cam wheel is lower, the pressure on the roller is diminished, permitting return spring 22 of the press to react, causing the unit to return to its initial position. There is also a period in which the cam wheel

maintains its radius constant, at the minimum value. In that period the press carriage remains stationary in the highest position, then permitting the forms to rotate.

The design of the press cam wheel is such as to cause synchronization of the times of rising, declining and wait- ing of the press carriage with the rotating movements of the forms and the extractors. The press returns driven by the spring 22, and it may also be driven by another cam wheel similar to 17, dephased in relation to the first one, which will cause the pressing carriage to rise in analogous manner.

The supporting plate 23, which pulls the vertical tie- rods 25, the press power arm 18, the guide-pin 20 and the pressing plate 19 (Figure 9) complete the pressing system.

Movement III-This movement, that may be better un- derstood and visualized through figure 9, complemented by figures 5 and 6, commands the vertical extraction system and is intended for the removal of the already compressed brick from the interior of the form. The cam wheel 26 of the vertical extractor, also driven by the arbor-shaft 48, compresses a roller 34, which in turn pushes the compres- sion rod 27. This rod moves arm 28 of the rocker arm, whose opposite end operates rod 29 of vertical extraction.

The movement of the-extractor is controlled by the-cam wheel. The profile of this rod is such that it is only when the-forms are stationary that the vertical extractor rises, penetrating into the form and ejecting the brick from beneath to upwards. So, a spring 30 drives back the

vertical extractor when the cam wheel permits this. At the moment of the extraction, the false bottom 8 of the form (Figure 5), moves it upwards, causing the-ejection of the brick. Its return is ensured by the action of a mechanism that has the property af securing it during its vertical movement, both in rising and in falling, but that releases it at the-moment of rotation of the-forms. This mechanism, called the"False Bottom Moving Unit", is composed of two jaws 31 (Figures 5 and 6N driven-hy the vertical extraction rod 29 (Figures 5 and 6). These jaws hold projections 10 in the false bottom of the form sa a-s to pe-rmit its being dragged down on its return. The articulated rods 37 (Fig- ures 5 and 6) have guide channels 32, that run attached to fixed pins 33. The upper ends of the channels have a curve that forces the jaws-to separate from the projec- tions of the false bottom (when they are at the lowest <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> point of extraction (Figure 6y r thus releasing bottom referred to so as to permit the rotation of the forms. Figure 6 thus displays the"false bottom moving unit"in the lowest position, when the jaws are releasing the false bottom (Figure 6) * The fixed pin 33 is then lo- cated in the curved portion of the channel, leading the jaws to close into the center, releasing the projections.

Figure 5, in turn, shows the unit in the upper position, when the jaws 3L are-holding-the-pro-jections 10 of the false bottom so as to pull it downwards. The fixed pin (Figure 5) is located, at that point, in the straight por- tion of the channel, leading the jaws to open towards to

ends of the false bottom, securing them to its projections so as to be able to pull it.

Movement IV-This novenent, that can be unde-rstood and better visualized through figure 4, commands the hori- zonal extraction system. The auxiliary shaft 50 turns continuously, leading rotary arm 38. Attached to the door of this-component is-alternating movement arm 39, which produces an oscillating movement, since when one of its ends performs a circular movement, the other one-exerts a linear movement, guided by a rectilinear channel 42, exist- ing in the guide-bar 45. This scond end, in turn, leads a horizontal extraction rod 40 guided by the same channel. To the end of the-rod ia attached the-brick pusher plate, which removes it from the machine. The movement of the horizontal extractor is synchronized with the form rotation movement, acting only when the latter are at rest.

Movement V-This movement, which may be-understood and better visualized through figure 1, commands a vibra- tor to cause faultless flow of the mass of the raw material from the feeder unit to the form. Starting from the motor, a transmis-s-ion chain 14 produces the rotation of an eccen- tric roller 15, which commands a rod 16, that in turn oper- ates-a vibrator 13, attached to the-mouth of the silo, pro- ducing the vibration.

The complete operating cycle of the machine may be de- scribed as follows : Each operating cycle, that is, the pro- duction of one brick, is divided into 04 (four) stages, as follows :

First stage-Forms are rotating ; in this stage, pressing plate 19 (Figure 9) is raised ; vertical extractor 29 (Figure 6) is in lowest position ; horizontal extractor 41 (Figure 4) is retracted ; silo material outlet opening is obstructed by rotary table. Positions, described above, permit rotation of system of forms.

Second stage-Forms are stopped ; first form is be- neath silo opening to receive loading of material to be compressed ; second forD is under line of pressing plate, and compression of material is starting ; third form, fi- nally, is under vertical extractor system (which raises brick already compressed). Horizontal extractor system is still retracted.

Third stage-Form& are still stopped : press continues its descent to conclude compression ; vertical extractor system remains motionless, waiting for horizontal extrac- tion of brick to be effected : horizontal extractor system pushes brick to outside of machine.

Fourth stage-Forms remain stopped ; pressing plate is raised, vertical extractor system is lowered, horizontal extractor system is withdrawn, forms remain released for next rotation, and new working cycle-begins.