YIP, Colin (CI- 248 Flinders Street, Adelaide SA 5000, AU)
| CLAIMS 1. A derailleur for an electric vehicle, which can change the speed ratio automatically according to the speed of the electric vehicle. 2. The derailleur as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the derailleur is further characterised in that when the electric vehicle is running in low speed, the motor turns in a reverse direction. 3. The derailleur as claimed in claim 2, wherein the derailleur is further characterised in that when the electric vehicle reaches a predefined speed, the motor will switch to a forward turning status automatically. 4. The derailleur as claimed in anyone of claims 1-3, wherein the, the motor includes an output terminal and a direct output. 5. The derailleur as claimed in claim 4, wherein the derailleur is further characterised in that when the motor is turning in a reverse direction, the motor output terminal will be connected automatically to a speed reducer. 6. The derailleur as claimed in claim 5, wherein the derailleur is further characterised in that when the motor turns in a forward direction automatically, its output terminal will be disengaged with the speed reducer and switched automatically to the direct output or output through another derailleur. 7. The derailleur as claimed in claim 6, wherein a clutch is used to achieve the automatic switching. 8. The derailleur as claimed in claim 1, including a first rotor body and a second rotor body; a. a planetary gear set comprising a sun gear, a ring gear and a plurality of planetary gears; b. an input shaft; c. a first overrunning clutch between the sun gear and the input shaft; Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU d. a second overrunning clutch between the second rotor body and the second rotor body, e. a motor operatively connected to the first rotor body which in turn is operatively connected to the input shaft to provide a driving force thereto. 9. The derailleur as claimed in claim 8, wherein the ring gear is co-axially fixed to the second rotor body. 10. The derailleur as claimed in claim 9, wherein second overrunning clutch fits within the first overrunning clutch. 11. The derailleur as claimed in claim 10, wherein the ring gear is operatively connected to the second rotor body. 12. The derailleur as claimed in claim 11 , wherein second rotor body is in communication with a drive system for a vehicle. 13. The derailleur as claimed in claim 12, wherein drive system is a driving chain wheel of a bicycle 14. The derailleur as claimed in claim 12, wherein when in use the automatic motorised derailleur for a vehicle allows for the motor to drive the first rotor body in a clockwise direction, the first overrunning clutch provides drive to the planetary gear set such that the second rotor body will then rotate in a clockwise direction providing drive to the vehicle as the second overrunning clutch is in overrunning mode. 15. The derailleur as claimed in claim 14, wherein when motor drives the first rotor body in an anticlockwise direction, the first overrunning clutch is in overrunning mode and the second overrunning clutch is in drive mode providing drive to the second rotor body causing it to rotate in a clockwise direction. 16. A derailleur for an electric vehicle as substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Substitute Sheet (Rule 26) RO/AU |
The field of the present invention relates to electromechanical devices, specifically for devices used to change gears on a vehicle such as a bicycle. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
As a green, environmental-friendly means of transport, the electric bikes, electric vehicles for the disabilities, etc. are widely used. At present such electric vehicles are mainly driven by DC motors with permanent magnets, without using any derailleur at all due to a number of complications with such DC motor set ups. One of the defects of this kind of motor is that when the speed of the motor is low, the output torque, is small, and during the start or when climbing a slope the output torque of the motor is insufficient, with excessive current and low efficiency. Especially for steep slopes, it is difficult for the vehicle to run.
For a long time, people have wanted to overcome this shortcoming, so as to improve the performance of electric vehicles; however no effective progress has been made. The present invention fills this gap. Since the invention of this derailleur and motor are made in one body, it can become a discrete component, with auto speed change according to the speed of the vehicle.
For the purposes of this document the term "derailleur" refers to a device that can change gears in/on a vehicle.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide automatic motorised derailleur for an electric vehicle that is efficient over prior art devices.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, taking in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein, by way of illustration and example, an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, although this should not be seen as limiting the invention in any way, there is provided a derailleur for an electric vehicle, which can change the speed ratio automatically according to the speed of the electric vehicle. In preference, the derailleur is further characterised in that when the electric vehicle is running in low speed, the motor turns in a reverse direction.
In preference, the derailleur is further characterised in that when the electric vehicle reaches a predefined speed, the motor will switch to a forward turning status automatically. In preference, the motor includes an output terminal and a direct output.
In preference, the derailleur is further characterised in that when the motor is turning in a reverse direction, the motor output terminal will be connected automatically to a speed reducer.
In preference, the derailleur is further characterised in that when the motor turns in a forward direction automatically, its output terminal will be disengaged with the speed reducer and switched automatically to the direct output or output through another derailleur.
In preference, a clutch is used to achieve the automatic switching.
In another form of the invention there is an automatic motorised derailleur for a vehicle, including a first rotor body and a second rotor body; a planetary gear set comprising a sun gear, a ring gear and a plurality of planetary gears; an input shaft; a first overrunning clutch between the sun gear and the input shaft; a second overrunning clutch between the second rotor body and the second rotor body, a motor operatively connected to the first rotor body which in turn is operatively connected to the input shaft to provide a driving force thereto.
In preference, the ring gear is co-axially fixed to the second rotor body.
In preference, the second overrunning clutch fits within the first overrunning clutch. In preference, the ring gear is operatively connected to the second rotor body.
In preference, the second rotor body is in communication with a drive system for a vehicle. .
In preference, the drive system is a driving chain wheel of a bicycle
In preference, when in use the automatic motorised derailleur for a vehicle allows for the motor to drive the first rotor body in a clockwise direction, the first overrunning clutch provides drive to the planetary gear set such that the second rotor body will then rotate in a clockwise direction providing drive to the vehicle as the second overrunning clutch is in overrunning mode.
In preference, when motor drives the first rotor body in an anticlockwise direction, the first overrunning clutch is in overrunning mode and the second overrunning clutch is in drive mode providing drive to the second rotor body causing it to rotate in a clockwise direction.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
By way of example, an employment of the invention is described more fully the renown for with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic overview of the gear system of the present invention;
Figure 2 shows a outer view of the gear system of the present invention;
Figure 3 shows a cut away view of the gear system shown in figure 1 ;
Figure 4 is a view of figure 1 with the cut away view of the outer planetary gear system; Figure 5 is a view of the inner section of the gear system shown in figure 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
By making use of the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, a planetary gear train, and two clutches, we can construct an auto-switching transmission. When the vehicle is under slow speed, the motor is under reverse rotation, the rotor is connected to the planetary gear train through a clutch, driving the wheels to rotate after slowing down; when the vehicle reaches the normal speed, the motor automatically switches to the forward rotation state, the clutch and planetary gear train are disengaged, the rotor through another clutch directly drives the wheels to rotate, or through another derailleur, drive the wheels to rotate at a higher speed. In this way, regardless if the vehicle's speed is fast or slow, the rotor of the motor rotates in considerable speed, ensuring the motor is in a better working condition.
The technical schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 1 , (1 ) is the internal gear, which connects firmly to wheels; (2) is the planetary gear, 3 pieces in total, their positions are fixed and the wheels are in rotation only; (3) is the centre wheel. (1 ), (2) and (3) constitute a planetary gear train. Because the positions of the planetary gear are fixed, the rotation of the internal gear and the centre wheel is in opposite direction. (4) is the clutch, 2 pieces in total.
The clutch can be an overrunning clutch, or other clutch, such as a ratchet. (5) represents the rotor. In addition to the technical scheme shown in the diagram, there is a controller which drives the motor in forward and reverse rotating direction. The controller can set the direction of the rotor rotation according to a designed vehicle speed automatically. When the vehicle speed is less than set speed, the rotor rotates in reverse direction. On the contrary, the rotor is under forward rotation. This set vehicle speed is called switching speed.
When the rotor rotates in reverse direction, the left clutch in Fig. 1 is engaging, while the right clutch is disengaged. Through the left clutch, the rotor drives the planetary gear train and the wheels to rotate. By selecting the diameter of the centre wheel and the internal gear, a reasonable speed ratio can be obtained. In this way, even the speed of the vehicle is not high the rotor speed is comparably higher. When the rotor rotates in forward direction, the left clutch disengages while the right clutch engages with the rotor it then drives the wheels directly to rotate through the right clutch. A derailleur can also be installed between the right clutch and the wheels, so as to provide a better working condition for the motor. All of the above control actions are done automatically.
Figure 2 shows a shows the system in a perspective view of the gear system 10 having a first outer rotor body 11 and a planetary gear system 12, having a sun gear 13 and planet gears 14A, 14B and 14C, each of which are in a fixed position, within a ring rear (annulus gear) 15. Whilst this particular system shows three planet gears it is considered with the scope of the invention to have as few as two planetary gears.
In figure 2 there is a cut away representation of the gear system 10, showing a first overrunning clutch system 20 located around the input shaft 22. The overrunning clutch system 20 being capable of engaging the inner surface 26 of the sun gear 13 when activated. As the input shaft 22 rotates in an anti-clockwise direction, the locking rollers 27, which are individually spring loaded, transfer the drive from the input shaft 22 to the inner surface 26 of the sun gear 13.
Within the second rotor body 11 there is a first rotor body 23. The inner rotor body 23 is driven by a motor unit (not shown for clarity) such as an electric motor, and this is where all movements start. . A second overrunning clutch 30 is positioned towards an outer adjacent surface- of the second rotor body 11 and has locking rollers 35 residing in the sloping grooves 37 made in the ring 38, which is connected to the ring gear 15.
When the first rotor body 23, which is operatively connected to the input shaft 22, is rotated anticlockwise, for example by a motor, the first overrunning clutch 20 engages with the inner surface 26 of the sun gear 13, which in turn with then drive the ring gear 15 via rotation of the planetary gears 14 that it is intermeshed with. As the planetary gears 14 rotate they then in turn rotate the ring gear 15, which then drives the second rotor body 11 in a clockwise direction. When the first rotor body 23 is rotated clockwise, the first overrunning clutch 20 will be in overrunning mode and no force will be transferred over to the sun gear 13. However, as the second overrunning clutch 30 is connected to the first rotor body 23, the clockwise rotation will force the rollers 35 to engage with the inner surface of the second rotor body 11 causing it also to rotate in a clockwise direction.
However, this will also result in the ring gear 15 rotating in a clockwise direction and thus the sun gear 13 will also rotate in an anticlockwise direction but this will then put the first overrunning clutch 20 into overrunning mode so as not to apply any drive to the input shaft 22. So, in the instance wherein drive power is supplied via the rotation of the first rotor body 23 in a clockwise manner the end result is that drive is supplied to the second rotor body 1 1 via the overrunning clutch 30, which in turn assists propulsion of the vehicle to which it is operatively connected. For example the first rotor body 23 being connected to a rear wheel of a bicycle. In the instance where the first rotor body 23 is rotated in an anticlockwise manner then the first overrunning clutch engages to provide drive to the outer rotor body via the planetary gear system. The second overrunning clutch then is in overrunning mode and has not interaction with the first rotor body 23.
As the second rotor body 1 is operatively connected to the vehicle either directly or via a drive chain such as on a bicycle, then drive is therefor provided to the vehicle when the first rotor body is rotated in either a clockwise or anticlockwise direction by the rotation of the motor.
Further more, a set of drive pedals may be coupled to the input axle 22 and when operated in a clockwise direction also then provide drive to the second rotor body 1 . One of the advantages of this invention is that by use of the forward and reverse rotation of the motor, with a fixed position of the planetary gear, the input and output reverse rotating speed characteristics of the planetary gear train, regardless of whether the motor is rotating forward or reverse, the rotational direction of the wheels is unchanged. All control components are installed inside the motor, and as such the structure is very compact compared to those devices presently available. Various modifications may be made in details of design and construction [and process steps, parameters of operation etc] without departing from the scope and ambit of the invention.
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