| WO/2005/034286 | COVER STRUCTURE FOR A RADIO DEVICE |
| WO/2012/061394 | ANTENNA SYSTEM WITH ANTENNA SWAPPING AND ANTENNA TUNING |
| JP2008085639 | ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT |
LINDBERG, Peter (Norrlandsgatan 44B, Uppsala, S-752 29, SE)
IRMSCHER, Stefan (Eriksbergsvägen 3, Sollentuna, S-191 41, SE)
KAIKKONEN, Andrei (Basunvägen 3, Järfälla, S-175 48, SE)
LINDBERG, Peter (Norrlandsgatan 44B, Uppsala, S-752 29, SE)
IRMSCHER, Stefan (Eriksbergsvägen 3, Sollentuna, S-191 41, SE)
| CLAIMS 1. An auxiliary antenna device for a handheld radio communication device (11), which handheld radio communication device comprises ground plane means (11a) extending in a main direction (13) and a main antenna device comprising an antenna element (14) operatively coupled to said ground plane means and configured for reception of signals at a selected frequency and polarized essentially in said main direction, said auxiliary antenna device (15) being characterized by: - a balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement (15a) configured for reception of signals at said selected frequency and polarized in a direction essentially orthogonal to said main direction, - an amplifier (15b) operatively connected to said balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement and configured for amplification of signals received by the balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement, and - an output port (15c) operatively connected to said amplifier, operatively connectable to a radio receiver (lib) of said handheld radio communication device, and configured to output, to the radio receiver, signals amplified by the amplifier. 2. The auxiliary antenna device of claim 1 wherein the selected frequency is below 1 GHz, and is preferably an LTE frequency. 3. The auxiliary antenna device of claim 1 or 2 wherein the auxiliary antenna device is a MIMO or SIMO antenna device for improved data throughput. 4. The auxiliary antenna device of any of claims 1-3 wherein the balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement extends essentially in said direction essentially orthogonal to said main direction. 5. The auxiliary antenna device of any of claims 1-4 wherein the balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement is a loop or folded dipole with two ends connected to the amplifier. 6. The auxiliary antenna device of any of claims 1-4 wherein the balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement is a loop or folded dipole with one end connected to the amplifier and the other end connected to said ground plane means. 7. The auxiliary antenna device of any of claims 1-4 the balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement is a dipole with two antenna elements connected to the amplifier. 8. The auxiliary antenna device of any of claims 1-4 wherein the balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement is a dipole with two antenna elements, one of which being connected to the amplifier and the other one of which being connected to said ground plane means. 9. The auxiliary antenna device of any of claims 1-8 wherein the amplifier is a differential preamplifier. 10. The auxiliary antenna device of any of claims 1-9 wherein the amplifier is a MESFET amplifier or a bipolar transistor, preferably a PHEMT ( Pseudomorphic High Electron Mobility Transistor) low noise amplifier . 11. An antenna set for a handheld radio communication device comprising the main and auxiliary antenna devices as defined in any of claims 1-10. 12. The antenna set of claim 11 wherein the antenna element of the main antenna device is an unbalanced antenna element such as e.g. a monopole antenna element . 13. A handheld radio communication device comprising the antenna set as defined in claim 11 or 12. 14. The handheld radio communication device of claim 13 wherein the ground plane means comprises a main PCB (11a) wherein the main antenna device is located at a lower end of the main PCB when the handheld communication device is held in an upright position such that the main direction is essentially vertical and the auxiliary antenna device is located at an upper end of the main PCB when the handheld communication device is held in the upright position. 15. The handheld radio communication device of claim 13 or 14 comprising a GPS receiver and/or an FM receiver and means for operatively connecting said auxiliary antenna device to said GPS receiver and/or said FM receiver to thereby receive GPS and/or FM signals via said auxiliary antenna device . |
RADIO COMMUNICATION DEVICE
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to the field of radio communications and particularly to auxiliary antenna devices for use in handheld radio
communication devices, as well as to antenna sets and handheld radio communication devices comprising main and auxiliary antenna devices.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Mobile communication at high data rates demands the introduction of advanced radio communication link systems or equipment that better comply to the nature of radio wave propagation properties of wireless channels than communication at lower rates. One way to solve this is to introduce two or more antennas at either or both of the receiver and transmitter ends of a communication network. Antennas applied for these types of solutions are often termed MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) or MISO (Multiple Input Single Output) antennas. The configuration of such antennas has to offer some degree of independence, i.e.
isolation, or un-correlation between the antennas. This is normally accomplished by physical separation of the antennas .
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Physical separation of antennas is however hard to implement for smaller sized handheld radio communication devices, such as cellular phone handsets, particularly at lower frequencies such as at the LTE (Long Term Evolution) frequencies below 1 GHz, as also for many reasons it is desirable to place the antennas of these devices inside the casing. This means that it is very difficult to provide a diversity solution in such a handheld communication device that has an acceptable isolation. An additional antenna will also occupy additional space in the device, which may be hard to provide because of the many other elements that it is desirable to provide in a smaller sized handheld radio communication device.
It is therefore desirable to provide an antenna
solution where more than one antenna operating at the same frequency are provided in the same area, i.e.
occupy essentially the same space inside the casing of the handheld radio communication device while still being operating at the same frequency with an
acceptable low correlation.
Further, it is desirable to provide such an antenna solution wherein all antennas have high effective antenna efficiency and small antenna efficiency
difference between the antennas. An object of the present invention is therefore to provide an auxiliary antenna device for use in a handheld radio communication device with a main
antenna device operatively coupled to elongated ground plane means of the communication device and configured for reception of signals at a selected frequency and polarized essentially parallel with the ground plane means, which lacks or at least alleviates the
shortcomings of prior art and fulfills the needs disclosed above.
A particular object of the invention is to provide such auxiliary antenna device which has good isolation and low correlation with respect to the main antenna device .
A further object of the invention is to provide such auxiliary antenna device which has acceptable antenna efficiency and which has preferably not more than about 3 dB efficiency difference to the main antenna device .
A yet further object of the invention is to provide an antenna set including the main antenna device
disclosed above and an auxiliary antenna device fulfilling the above objects.
A still further object of the invention is to provide a handheld radio communication apparatus, such as e.g. a cellular phone handset, comprising an antenna set fulfilling the above object.
These objects, among others, are according to the present invention attained by auxiliary antenna devices, antenna sets, and handheld radio
communication devices as defined in the appended patent claims.
According to one aspect of the invention an auxiliary antenna device for a handheld radio communication device with a main antenna device, preferably a monopole antenna device, coupled to elongated ground plane means (essentially comprising a main PCB
(Printed circuit Board) ) of the communication device and configured for reception of signals at a selected frequency, preferably an LTE frequency lower than 1 GHz, and polarized essentially parallel with the elongated ground plane means, is provided. The
auxiliary antenna device comprises a balanced or self- balanced antenna element arrangement configured for reception of signals at the same selected frequency but polarized in a direction essentially orthogonal to the elongated ground plane means, an amplifier
operatively connected to the balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement and configured for
amplification of signals received by the balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement, and an output port operatively connected to the amplifier, operatively connected to a radio receiver of the communication device, and configured to output, to the radio receiver, signals amplified by the amplifier. Preferably, the main and auxiliary antennas are MIMO or MISO antennas for increased data throughput and the auxiliary antenna is de-coupled from the elongated ground plane means by means of being a balanced or self-balanced dipole antenna. It shall be appreciated that by the term self-balanced antenna is meant an antenna that does not induce significant currents on the ground plane means, but has still an interface that is unbalanced, i.e. the reference potential is grounded. The simplest example is a dipole antenna wherein one leg is connected to a positive terminal and the other leg is connected to ground instead of to the negative terminal. Hereby, the need of a
balun/transformer is avoided.
By such provisions an antenna solution is obtained wherein the antennas have high isolation/low
correlation as well as small antenna efficiency difference .
The high isolation/low correlation is obtained by having the polarizations of the main and auxiliary antennas essentially orthogonal to one another. That is, the balanced or self-balanced antenna element arrangement should preferably extend in a direction which is essentially orthogonal to the elongated ground plane means. An envelope correlation
coefficient p of less than 0.5 is thereby obtained. The small antenna efficiency difference — η 2 is obtained by the gain of the amplifier. Hereby, the relatively low efficiency of the antenna element arrangement of the auxiliary antenna device can be recovered and modest efficiency drop of less than about 3 dB with respect to the main antenna device can be obtained.
In one embodiment of the invention the antenna element arrangement of the auxiliary antenna device is a loop, folded dipole, or dipole with two ends connected to the amplifier to obtain a balanced antenna.
In another embodiment the antenna element arrangement of the auxiliary antenna device is a loop, folded dipole, or dipole with one end connected to the positive terminal of the amplifier and the other terminal connected to ground to obtain a self-balanced antenna .
According to a second aspect of the invention an antenna set for a handheld radio communication device comprising the main and auxiliary antenna devices as disclosed above is provided.
According to a third aspect of the invention a
handheld radio communication device, preferably a cellular phone handset, comprising the antenna set of the second aspect of the invention is provided.
Further characteristics of the invention, and
advantages thereof, will be evident from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention given hereinafter and the
accompanying Figs. 1-2, which are given by way of illustration only, and are thus not limitative of the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Fig. 1 illustrates, schematically, a main PCB of a handheld radio communication device, a main antenna device, and an auxiliary antenna device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 illustrates, schematically, a main PCB of a handheld radio communication device, a main antenna device, and an auxiliary antenna device according to another embodiment of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
An embodiment of an auxiliary antenna device for use in a handheld radio communication device according to the present invention will now be described with reference to Fig. 1. The handheld radio communication device, which is typically a cellular phone handset or other handheld communication device whose dimensions are less than one wavelength of the radio
communication waves, is schematically indicated by 11 in Fig. 1. The handheld radio communication device 11 comprises a main PCB 11a on which radio communication circuitry including a radio receiver lib is arranged. The PCB 11a is elongated in a direction 13.
A main antenna device 14 is provided at a lower end of the PCB 11a when the handheld communication device 11 is held in an upright position such that the main direction 13 is essentially vertical and an auxiliary antenna device 15 is provided at an upper end of the PCB 11a when the handheld communication device 11 is held in the upright position.
The main antenna device 14 is advantageously an unbalanced antenna device having a monopole antenna element 14a and an output port 14b. The monopole antenna element 14a, which is preferably arranged below the PCB 11a when the handheld communication device 11 is held in the upright position, is
operatively coupled to a ground metallic layer of the PCB 11, which together with conductive parts connected thereto, forms a ground plane means or shortly ground of the handheld communication device 11, and is configured to receive signals at a selected frequency, preferably a frequency below 1 GHz, and/or an LTE frequency such as e.g. the 750 MHz frequency for the US. Since the ground plane means mainly extends in the main direction 13, the main antenna device 14 is configured to receive signals polarized essentially in this direction. These signals are output to radio communication circuitry of the PCB 11a via the output port 14b.
The main antenna device 14 may be configured also for transmission of signals. Alternatively, the handheld communication device 11 comprises one or more separate or other antennas for transmission.
The auxiliary antenna device 15 comprises a balanced antenna element 15a configured for reception of signals at the same selected frequency. Hereby, the auxiliary antenna device 15 can operate as a MIMO or SIMO antenna device for improved data throughput. The balanced antenna element 15a is de-coupled from the ground plane means and induces thus no currents therein. Further, the balanced antenna element 15a is configured to receive signals polarized in a direction essentially orthogonal to the main direction 13. This can be realized by means of the balanced antenna element 15a extending essentially in the direction orthogonal to the main direction 13. Since the
auxiliary antenna device 15 should be kept within the casing of the handheld communication device 11 the available distance is not longer than the width of the handheld communication device 11, which may be e.g. 40-60 mm. As a result the antenna efficiency drops to unacceptable levels. Therefore, the auxiliary antenna device 15 comprises an amplifier 15b, which is operatively connected to the balanced antenna element 15a and is configured for amplification of signals received by the balanced antenna element 15a. The amplifier 15b is preferably a low noise differential preamplifier such as e.g. a MESFET amplifier or a bipolar transistor, preferably a PHEMT ( Pseudomorphic High Electron Mobility
Transistor) amplifier, having a noise figure NF of about 1 dB. The amplifier is galvanically/resistively connected to the balanced antenna element 15a and is advantageously mounted on the PCB 11a of the handheld communication device 11.
Further, the auxiliary antenna device 15 comprises an output port 15c, which is operatively connected to the amplifier 15b, is operatively connected to the radio receiver lib of the handheld communication device 11, and is configured to output, to the radio receiver lib, signals amplified by the amplifier 15b. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1 the balanced antenna element 15a is a loop or folded dipole with two ends connected to the positive and negative terminals of the amplifier 15b. Alternatively, the balanced antenna element 15a can be exchanged for a balanced antenna element arrangement in the form of a dipole with two antenna elements connected to the amplifier .
Yet alternatively, the balanced antenna element 15a of Fig. 1 may be exchanged for a self-balanced antenna element arrangement. The term self-balanced antenna element arrangement is in the present context intended to describe an antenna element arrangement that does not induce significant currents on the ground plane means, but has still an interface that is unbalanced, i.e. the reference potential is grounded. Fig. 2 discloses such an example. Here, the balanced antenna element is exchanged for a dipole antenna 15a wherein one leg is connected to the positive terminal of the amplifier 15b and the other leg is connected to ground instead of to the negative terminal of the amplifier 15b. In other respects, the embodiment of Fig. 2 may not differ from the embodiment of Fig. 1. The dipole antenna 15a of Fig. 2 may though be exchanged for a loop or folded dipole with one end connected to the amplifier 15b and the other end connected to ground. Further, the single ended amplifier may be of
different topology, e.g. a common source or common emitter amplifier.
Since the invention refers principally to the
auxiliary antenna device 15 disclosed above,
expressions relating to mutual locations and
orientations, and to operation, of various parts of the handheld communication device 11 refers to the auxiliary antenna device 15 being mounted and the handheld communication device 11 being used. However, generally the auxiliary antenna device 15 of the invention can be manufactured and marketed by itself and/or together with the main antenna device in an antenna set. Thus, expressions above like configured, connected, coupled, arranged, and similar should generally be understood as capable of being, or intended to be, configured, connected, coupled, arranged, etc.
It shall further be appreciated that the present invention covers also an antenna set comprising the main and auxiliary antenna devices as disclosed above as well as the handheld radio communication device 11 itself .
It shall yet further be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the auxiliary antenna device 15 can be used also for receiving GPS and/or FM signals. To this end, the handheld radio communication device 11 comprises a GPS receiver and/or an FM receiver and circuitry, e.g. including filters and/or switches, for operatively connecting the auxiliary antenna device 15 to the GPS receiver and/or the FM receiver to thereby receive GPS and/or FM signals via the auxiliary antenna device 15.
Embodiments of the invention have been described. The person skilled in the art realizes that such
embodiments can be varied within the scope of the appended claims. Particularly, the designs and
configurations of the antenna devices and PCB's illustrated in the Figures can be different, e.g.
adapted to particular needs, uses and applications.