Invention name:

Diapers containing a therapeutic (supportive) belt and a sponge brace together form a support system for the lower back of the child, which in turn transfers the weight from the spine to the muscles of the legs according to the principle of touch sensation and the law of influence for a healthy and early walking of the infant. an introduction:

The invention relates to disposable diapers. The invention is characterized by the presence of a therapeutic (support) belt from the back of the infant waist, with a spongy brace in the middle, which together form a support system for the infant lower back to develop balance skills and control the movement of his body. Based on the principle of touch sensation and the law of influence of psychologist Edward Thorndike which states that "responses followed by satisfaction will become closely related to the situation and are therefore likely to be repeated when the situation is repeated," a child who wears the improved diaper will feel supported around his flank which in turn transfers the weight from his shaft Once the child's balance skills improve, he will increase his self-confidence, so the child will have the opportunity to try again and again without fear to take more steps. By doing this repeatedly, the muscles in his legs are strengthened, thus enhancing his balance skill in standing to achieve a healthy gait.

Most people think that the reason for the delay in the child's walking skill in the absence of any health problems he may suffer from lies behind his fear of walking, but in fact this is due to the child's fear of pain and harm resulting from falling because his leg muscles are not fully developed yet and therefore His balancing skills in a standing position will be affected and other jobs will be delayed accordingly. Here we need to point out that standing posture is the basic rule for children to learn walking and other motor skills as Gina Boyd Zervas, pediatric physiotherapist says, "Mentally, standing stimulates the brain by providing a change in its environment," explains Zervas. That a child is able to see, touch, and interact with different things in his environment than he can on Earth. This stimulates his brain to learn and creates more synapses in his brain." In addition, psychologists Adolf and Thames suggest that a child prefers a standing position over a crawling position because he can move faster. The upright position of the child also gives him a greater view of the area to be explored. As a result, balance is a key factor in standing posture. Once your child can balance his body, he will stand on his own without anyone's help.

Detailed description of the invention:

Improved Baby Life Diapers made according to the figure No. 3, which represents the parts of the diaper, as in the appendix of the drawings.

According to Figures 2.3, the dimensions of the therapeutic belt for the diaper are size No. (5): 7 cm in length x 27 cm in width, and the length and width of the belt varies according to the size of the diaper, so a measurement of size 5 has been set, for example, and there are sizes from 1 to size 7, which are indications of weight The appropriate baby for the diaper, so that the therapeutic belt consists of a group of elastic lines located on the back waist of the diaper, and the ends of the therapeutic belt are connected with adhesive side tapes to connect the back of the diaper with the front part of it. The front part of the diaper has a numbered adhesive front tape in order to attach the side straps to it in such a way that the diaper fits around the baby's waist to prevent any leakage.

The sponge support is located in the middle of the therapeutic belt and measures 6 cm long x 3 cm wide and 3.24 mm thick. The force applied to the infant's body is 1.5 Newtons. It is a force that is negligible, but it gives a feeling of a very slight effect. Therefore, the presence of the brace affects psychologically, not physically, because motor development is mainly related to psychological development. An infant who has been externally supported by using effective tools around his waist in the developed diaper leads to an increase in his confidence Externally motivated to do something, they attach great importance to the role of psychological reinforcement in their motor development.

At every age, the senses contribute to different sensory functions beyond just seeing, smelling, tasting and hearing. Including a very important sensory system in our bodies called the vestibular sense, also known as the sense of movement or balance, which is mainly related to maintaining the balance skill of the child while engaging in various motor activities such as walking, sitting and others. The vestibular system is also the first system to be developed in the womb and is located in the inner ear of humans, and is considered as a control device for sensory information between our bodies and the sensory areas of our brain so it has a significant impact on physical and emotional development as it helps to maintain an upright posture when we sit and stand.

For an infant development, the vestibular apparatus is critical because it maintains their balance skills and helps them feel secure and confident in their bodies so that they can improve their motor development. An example of a child's vestibular activity is his ability to lift his head, as this sensation helps develop neck strength, which is important in the early stages of a child's motor development. Thus, the vestibular apparatus is the most important sensory organ influencing other sensory systems. Therefore, one of the functions of the developed diaper is to enhance balance skills and avoid any problems that may occur in the vestibular system of the child at an early age.

The sense of touch plays a huge role in determining how we feel and act towards others. For a child, touching his body is an important part of emotional connection and bonding. This is known as the tactile sense, and the way we sense touch is by receiving information through touch devices located primarily in the skin called receptors. In order to feel the things, we touch, the skin contains many types of receptors that are found in the upper layers of the skin. So that these receptors get information from the surrounding environment; This information is then converted into signals that are sent by special cells called neurons to both the spinal cord and the brain. However, neuroscientists still aren't sure how to change the signals from the receptors into information we can understand.

There is also a direct link between emotional pain and physical pain, as both affect the same neural networks in the brain. So that our body feels similar pain when we are socially rejected and when we feel physical pain. Virginia Satir, a family therapist, once said, "We need four hugs a day to survive, eight hugs a day for continuity and twelve hugs a day to grow." Providing support to others through touch can reduce people's stress and anxiety.

For a child, the sense of touch is one of the first ways in which he learns about himself and the world, as it plays a major role in facilitating normal growth and motor development. In fact, babies are born with a very sensitive sense of touch, so through every touch, they learn about their bodies, their surroundings, and their human contact with others. The sense of touch also causes them to detect different temperatures, identify changing pressures on their bodies, and feel pain. As a child grows, his sense of touch improves by receiving more sensory information from his environment. So, touch not only helps in human development, it continues to bring them love, trust and security. Where touch is useful and enjoyable, it is a way to expand their knowledge of how to interact with the world around them. Studies have confirmed that if there is a lack of touch during a child's early years, it will slow down growth.

Research has shown that sensory experiences in early life have important effects on brain function. One of these researches was led by researcher Natalie Maitrey, of the National Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, through an experiment in which researchers compared full-term (not preterm) babies and premature babies. They recorded the children's brain response to light touch using electrodes on their heads, and as a result they noticed that the brain activity of premature babies was less when they first started touching them compared to full-term babies, and the researchers also noted that different parts of the brain of premature babies become active over time.

The infant sense of having the brace in his lower back is one of the most important goals of the brace in the improved Baby life diapers that provide sensory stimulation in order to promote growth and increase the level of response because sensory stimulation is vital to developing sensory pathways in the brain and thus promoting normal growth. As the child's motor development increases, he gains more muscle control and begins to respond with the brace with and therapeutic belt that acts as a point of contact on the lower back of the child to make him feel safe and psychological support in order to learn different motor skills such as crawling and walking.

When mothers hold their babies upright, they provide them with support and reinforcement, and as a result, babies are encouraged to take several steps to develop their walking skill. Likewise, wearing the improved Baby Life Diapers that form a lumbar support system will support children by providing balance for adequate control of their body to encourage them to try to walk. The reason behind this is our belief that the psychological factor plays an important role in human nature, and there are many examples of this from our real life, such as a person who used to wear glasses for a long time and then for some reasons such as having a LASIK operation and stopped wearing them, here the subconscious will not realize him on Immediately this sudden change, and therefore his subconscious mind will continue, even for a short period of time, to stimulate the daily activities and habits that a person used to do when he was wearing his glasses, for example when a person washes his face or goes to sleep, unconsciously he will try to take off his glasses because he thinks that he is not He still wears it. Therefore, results for a child wearing the improved diaper daily showed positive effects on movement experiences including walking, sitting and crawling. Children grow not only physically, but also cognitively (mentally). According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, children learn to either trust or not trust their environment. If a child learns that his needs such as hunger and discomfort are constantly being met, he learns to trust. On the other hand, if children learn that their needs are not constantly being met, they will learn to distrust their environment. For example, when parents try to help their children to walk by supporting them or holding hands while walking, they are providing a kind of nurturing and in this way, they allow their children to feel safe and confident in their environment to explore the limits of their abilities. The upgraded diaper provides the psychological support baby really needs to feel safe and confident in order to explore their abilities and develop their motor skills including sitting, crawling and walking.

Once a child wants to take the first step, there will be two outcomes, either success or failure. Based on the law of influence established by Edward Thorndike in active reinforcement, positive reinforcement increases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again in the future. For example, in gyms, the trainer holds the trainee's loins during the training period as a kind of positive stimulation. The same applies to the improved Baby Life diaper, which is characterized by containing a rubber and elastic therapeutic belt in addition to a medical support that acts as a support system as a kind of positive reinforcement for the child by having the necessary tools around his waist so that the child's balance becomes more stable. Try until he succeeds, and with each step he takes, his walking skill will improve.

Conversely, in the absence of positive reinforcement either physical or psychological, the child will have to make an extra effort in order to crawl, stand or even walk. Therefore, based on the other side of the Law of Effect which states that "if the outcome of a situation is uncomfortable, the response behavior will be less likely to occur when the situation is repeated" and thus the delay in the child's motor development will increase. Sitting skill also requires coordination, balance, strength and body awareness. Therefore, most parents think that they are helping their children to improve their sitting skill when they put them in a seat or any type of seating device, but in fact this can delay the sitting process for many reasons; The first reason is that children who are placed in a sitter or baby walker do not really learn to sit because they do not do any exercise with the necessary movements to learn balance and control, and the second reason is that the way treadmills are designed has a great role in blocking the view of parts of their body when exercising No movement activity. In addition to the potential for nasty complications such as pain, discomfort and muscle fatigue. Therefore, care was taken to preserve the flexibility feature through the presence of an therapeutic belt around the waist in the design of the improved baby life diapers to provide the skills that the infant needs in a sitting position that requires the development of control in the position of the head, trunk and upper limbs against the pull of gravity forces, which in turn allows the pelvis, trunk and belt Shoulder to remain stable.

Based on clinical trials, there are many cases of children delays in sitting or walking skills that have demonstrated improvement in motor development when they start to wear the improved Baby Life diapers. These improvements include various motor skills such as standing up faster, standing more balanced, proper motor coordination while crawling and taking fewer steps from a standing position. One such case was an elevenmonth-old child who had delayed sitting skill even though her medical records proved that she had no medical problems in her body. After I started wearing the improved Baby Life diapers for ten days, I was able to sit normally. To see the other cases of children, they are all archived with pictures in another file.

Physical development is linked to other areas of development such as social development, cognitive development, and emotional development, so here comes the importance of having a strong foundation of physical development during childhood for healthy motor skills at early ages. That is why extra efforts have been made in the design of the improved Baby life Diapers to make walking safer and more comfortable for children in order to reduce the possibility of any difficulties in the early stages of acquiring motor skills.

It has practically proven that the improved baby life diapers help in healthy and early walking of children through practical experiments conducted in Egypt (Ain Shams University), Jordan (company research and clinical trials with volunteer doctors from the Jordanian Ministry of Health and pediatricians), Ukraine (children psychologists). ) Through which we compared the gait of children in two cases, the first case in the case of wearing the diaper of the improved Baby Life and the second case in the case of not wearing any diaper, by measuring specific dimensions of the gait of children to assess the effects of the diapers of the child's life developed on their walking skill. Children's gait maturity is measured in terms of stride width: (the narrowest sideways distance between the feet) and stride length: (the longest front-to-back distance between the feet). We should point out here that these dimensions are indicative of healthier and more mature gait patterns.

To test the differential effects of diapers on different ages, we evaluated infants at different age stages including: 10 months, 11 months, 12 months, 13 months, and 14 months, taking into account the age stages at which the .child begins to walk and when there is an improvement in walking skill

We tested 250 children, and the children were mostly from very low-income cities and suburbs. The results were then adopted based on experiments in which the child took five consecutive steps at a relatively constant speed.

To facilitate the measurement, process a hand-made walking mat was designed in dimensions of 3m x lm and then divided into 48 squares of 25cm dimensions for accuracy purposes. The child walked repeatedly on the walking mat in both cases; The first case: the child did not wear any diapers, the second case: while the child was wearing the improved Baby life diaper. For each child, 6 trials were recorded for each condition. Then trials with only five consecutive steps were approved, and then we analyzed the two fastest trials for each child in each condition.

We calculated stride width (distance from the heel of the current step to the line of progress formed by the opposite step), stride length (the distance along the line of progression from the heel of the previous step to the heel of the current step) and the dynamic base of support (the angle between the heel points of three consecutive steps).

After analyzing the children's footprints on the walking mat, the shape of the children's steps in the case of not wearing diapers was straight and narrow, while the shape of the children's steps in the case of wearing the improved baby Life Diapers was close to the results of the first case, but it is longer, narrower and more mature. The following graphs No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 showed the average effect size in both cases (the blue line represents the condition of the child not wearing any diapers, the red line represents the condition of the child wearing improved Baby life Diapers) in each age stage (the x-axis represents a factor age) on each of these measurements (step length, step width, mechanical angle) and the results were as follows: Chart No. 1

According to Chart No. 1, an infant step with an improved Baby Life Diapers is longer and more mature than if he is not wearing a diaper.

According to Chart No. 2, the child's steps in the case of wearing a improved Baby Life Diapers are narrower and more mature than in the case of not wearing any diaper.

According to Diagram No. 3, the angle value in the case of improved Baby life Diapers is greater than the angle in the case of not wearing any diaper.

The readings resulting from the experiment were entered into a statistical program called (Statistical Package for Social Science) to find out the size of the effect of the developed diapers on the child's walking skill by using a multivariate analysis test with repeated measures (MANOVA) to find out the size of the effect of the age factor and the diaper condition factor. On these readings, where the effect size of age was equal to η2 = .26 (p < .001), and the effect size of diaper condition was significant η2 = .98 (p < .001).

Although we found that diapers may affect motor development in children, cultural differences showed us different effects on motor development, children participating from suburbs showed improved walking skill compared to participating children from cities, and the reason is that suburban children spend more time Most of their time in large areas playing and running, which in turn accelerates the skill of walking, unlike city children who have less spaces to practice various motor activities.

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