FIELD

[0001 ] This specification relates to capsules, systems and processes for making capsules, beverage brewing systems and fabrics, and in particular to capsules, beverage brewing systems and fabrics with optimized filtration characteristics.

BACKGROUND

[0002] The following background discussion is not an admission that anything discussed below is citable as prior art or common general knowledge. The documents listed below are incorporated herein in their entirety by this reference to them.

[0003] Beverage capsules adapted for use in machines to prepare a desired consumable product from pre-cursor ingredients are becoming increasingly popular. Such capsules come in a variety of formats for producing consumable products such as coffee, tea or hot chocolate.

[0004] Beverage capsule machines inject a fluid (typically heated water) into a beverage capsule where it is intended to mix with the pre-cursor ingredients to prepare the desired consumable product prior to the consumable product being dispensed from the capsule. The beverage capsule includes a filter that defines a chamber for containing insoluble pre-cursor ingredients such as coffee grounds or tea leaves.

[0005] A problem with many conventional beverage capsules is that the filter, such as a paper filter, quickly becomes wetted by the introduction of fluid into the capsule. As a result, the fluid flows quickly through the capsule tunneling through the pre-cursor ingredients instead of mixing thoroughly with the ingredients. This produces an inferior tasting beverage and fails to optimize the use of the pre-cursor ingredients. [0006] A similar problem can occur with conventional drip-style beverage brewing systems utilizing a filter, such as a paper filter, disposed in a filter basket for containing pre-cursor ingredients.

[0007] There is a need for a beverage capsule, beverage brewing system or fabric with optimized filtration characteristics to overcome one or more of the problems identified above.

SUMMARY

[0008] In one aspect the invention provides a beverage capsule for use in a beverage preparing machine to prepare a beverage product, said beverage capsule comprising:

a body defining an interior space having an opening;

a filter disposed in said interior space to define an ingredients chamber for containing and filtering at least some of the ingredients for preparing a desired beverage product, said filter being formed of a hydrophobic and non-absorbent material having a basis weight of 40 g/m2 or less;

ingredients disposed in said ingredients chamber, wherein a portion of said ingredients have a grind size of less than 100 microns; and

a cover sealed to said body to close said opening.

[0009] In another aspect, the invention provides a beverage brewing system for use in a beverage brewing machine, said beverage brewing system comprising: a filter defining an ingredients chamber for containing and filtering at least some of the ingredients for preparing a desired beverage product, said filter being formed of a hydrophobic and non-absorbent material having a basis weight of 40 g/m2 or less; ingredients disposed in said ingredients chamber, wherein a portion of said ingredients have a grind size of less than 100 microns.

[0010] In another aspect, the invention provides a fabric comprising:

a hydrophobic and non-absorbent material having a plurality of pores for filtering insoluble ingredients for preparing a desired beverage product and a basis weight of 40 g/m2 or less; and ground coffee embedded in said plurality of pores of said material.

[0011 ] In another aspect, the invention provides a system for making a beverage capsule for use in a beverage preparing machine, the system comprising:

a filter station for sealing a filter to an interior space of a body for the beverage capsule to define an ingredients chamber, said filter being formed of a hydrophobic and non-absorbent material having a basis weight of 40 g/m2 or less;

an ingredients station for depositing a desired volume of desired ingredients into said ingredients chamber, wherein a portion of said ingredients have a grind size of less than 100 microns;

a cover sealing station for sealing a cover to said body.

[0012] In another aspect, the invention provides a process for making a beverage capsule for use in a beverage preparing machine, the process comprising the steps of:

sealing a filter to an interior surface of a body for the beverage capsule to define an ingredients chamber, said filter being formed of a hydrophobic and non-absorbent material having a basis weight of 40 g/m2 or less;

depositing a desired volume of desired ingredients into said ingredients chamber, wherein a portion of said ingredients have a grind size of less than 100 microns;

sealing a cover to said body to cover said opening.

[0013] Other aspects and features of the teachings disclosed herein will become apparent, to those ordinarily skilled in the art, upon review of the following description of the specific examples of the specification.

DRAWINGS

[0014] The drawings included herewith are for illustrating various examples of articles, methods, and apparatuses of the present specification and are not intended to limit the scope of what is taught in any way. For simplicity and clarity of illustration, where considered appropriate, reference numerals may be repeated among the drawings to indicate corresponding or analogous elements.

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a capsule in accordance with one aspect of the present invention disposed in a machine for preparing a beverage;

[0016] Figure 2 is a top view of the capsule of Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 3 is a sectional view of the capsule of Figure 1 as viewed along lines 3-3;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the capsule of Figure 1 during use in the machine.

[0019] Figure 5 is a sectional view of the capsule in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 is a schematic view of a beverage brewing system in accordance with another aspect of the present invention; [0021 ] Figure 7 is a schematic view of a fabric in accordance with another aspect of the present invention; and

[0022] Figure 8 is a schematic view of a manufacturing system for manufacturing a capsule in accordance with the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 is a flow chart depicting a method for manufacturing a capsule in accordance with the present invention;

[0024] Figures 10(a) and (b) are schematic views of the hinge sealing process in accordance with the present invention; and

[0025] Figures 11 (a) and (b) are schematic views of an alternate hinge sealing process in accordance with the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS EMBODIMENTS

[0026] Various apparatuses or methods will be described below to provide examples of the claimed invention. The claimed invention is not limited to apparatuses or methods having all of the features of any one apparatus or method described below or to features common to multiple or all of the apparatuses described below. The claimed invention may reside in a combination or sub-combination of the apparatus elements or method steps described below. It is possible that an apparatus or method described below is not an example of the claimed invention. The applicant(s), inventor(s) and/or owner(s) reserve all rights in any invention disclosed in an apparatus or method described below that is not claimed in this document and do not abandon, disclaim or dedicate to the public any such invention by its disclosure in this document. [0027] A capsule in accordance with the present invention is shown generally at 10 in the Figures. Capsule 10 includes a body 12, filter 14 (when required), ingredients 16 and cover 18.

[0028] Capsule 10 is sized and configured for use in a machine 20 that is adapted for preparing a product from capsule 10.

[0029] Machine 20 includes an injection system 22 for injecting a fluid, typically heated water, into the capsule 10 for mixing with ingredients 16. Injection system 22 may include at least one injection nozzle 22a disposed on machine 20 that is adapted to pierce cover 18 to inject fluid into capsule 10.

[0030] Machine also includes a dispensing system 24 for dispensing product from capsule 10 into a desired receptacle such as a bowl or cup. Dispensing system 24 may include a hollow probe 24a that is adapted to pierce capsule 10 to dispense a prepared product from capsule 10.

[0031 ] In an alternative embodiment, which is commonly used with high pressure espresso machines (not shown), dispensing system 22 may be provided within the capsule 10 instead of the machine 20. Capsule 10 may for example have at least one component disposed within capsule 10 that is adapted to move under exposure to pressure to pierce a portion of capsule downstream of injection system 22 to dispense the prepared product. Alternatively, pressure within the capsule may cause a portion of the capsule to break upon contact with a portion of the machine to dispense the prepared product.

[0032] Body 12 of capsule 10 includes a sidewall 30 and an end wall 32 together defining an interior space 34. Interior space 34 preferably has a volume in the range of 30 cc to 100 cc for preparing a single serving of beverage and more preferably a volume in the range of 40 cc to 80 cc.

[0033] An opening 36 is defined at one end of body 12 and a flange 38 extends around the perimeter of opening 36 to receive cover 18 and to support capsule 10 within machine 20. Filter 14 may be secured to flange 38 or to an interior surface of capsule 10 (such as to sidewall 30 or the underside of cover 18). Filter 14 is formed to define an ingredients chamber 40 within interior space 34 for receiving and filtering at least some of ingredients 16. Filter 14 may optionally be peelably sealed to body 12 to allow filter 14 containing ingredients 16 to be removed from body 12 following use of capsule 10.

[0034] In another embodiment (not shown), body 12 may be formed with no end wall 32 and no sidewall 30 or a partial sidewall 30. Flange 38 may still extend around the perimeter of opening 36 to receive cover 18 and to support capsule 10 within machine 20. Filter 14 may be secured to flange 38 or to partial sidewall 30 or underside of cover 18 to define ingredients chamber 40.

[0035] Preferably, filter 14 is formed of a hydrophobic and non-absorbent polymer material having a basis weight that is 40 grams or less per square meter (gsm), preferably in the range of 5 to 40 gsm, more preferably between 10 to 30 gsm and even more preferably less than 20 gsm and most preferably in the range of 10-20 gsm. Most preferably, filter 14 is formed from a non-woven polymer fabric material having a plurality of pores 14a for filtering insoluble ingredients for preparing a desired beverage product.

[0036] Filter 14 preferably has the material properties specified below to facilitate optimum cutting of filter 14 during the manufacture of capsule 10. [0037] Filter 14 preferably has a tensile strength of less than 100 N/5cm - in the Machine Direction (MD) and less than 70 N/5cm in the Cross Direction (CD), preferably in the range of 20-70 MD and 10 to 40 CD, and more preferably in the range of 20-60 MD and 10 to 30 CD. The test method used to measure tensile strength test is described under ISO 9073.3.

[0038] Filter 14 preferably has a material tear strength of less than 15N MD and less than 20N CD, preferably in the range of 1 -12 MD and 1 -15 CD, and more preferably in the range of 3-10 MD and 3-10 CD. The test method used to determine material tear strength is described under ISO 13937.2.

[0039] Filter 14 preferably has an elongation to break value of less than 50% MD and less than 40% CD, and more preferably less than 40% MD and less than 30% CD. The test method used to determine elongation to break value is described under ISO 9073.3.

[0040] Ingredients 16 may include insoluble ingredients 16, such as tea leaves, coffee grounds, herbs, spices or other ingredients, that are disposed in ingredients chamber 40 and adapted for forming a consumable product by extraction or infusion using machine 20. Additional ingredients 16 may be disposed in ingredients chamber 40 or elsewhere in interior space 34. Such additional ingredients 16 may include soluble ingredients 16 such as coffee, chocolate, soup stock, flavor additives or other ingredients in powdered, crystallized or other forms adapted for solubility or contained within a soluble film or pouch. Additional ingredients 16 may also include active ingredients (eg foaming agents), natural health additives, regulated drugs, alcohol or other soluble or insoluble ingredients. [0041 ] Insoluble ingredients 16, such as ground coffee or tea leaves, preferably have an average grind size of less than 600 microns and more preferably in the range of 400-600 microns. Around 5% of such insoluble ingredients preferably have a grind size of less than 100 microns. It has been found that the ingredients, having a grind size of less than 100 microns and being hydrophilic, act as“hydrophilicity enhancers” that cause the hydrophobic filtration material to adopt hydrophilic characteristics in the location where the 100 micron or less size ingredients become embedded in the pores 14a of filter 14. The ingredients having a grind size of less than 100 microns may be loaded into said ingredients chamber prior to loading the remainder of said insoluble ingredients in order for such ingredients to become embedded in pores 14a of filter 14. Alternatively, ingredients having a grind size of less than 100 microns may be loaded at the same time as the remainder of said insoluble ingredients and subsequently become embedded in pores 14a of filter 14.

[0042] Cover 18 is disposed over opening 36 and secured to body 12 such as by sealing cover 18 directly to flange 38 or by sealing cover 18 to filter 14 which in turn is sealed to flange 38. Cover 18 may be formed of a polymer material that is resistant to tearing and adapted to shrink upon exposure to heat. Cover 18 may thus be adapted to shrink around the opening formed in cover 18 by injection system 22 to form a sufficient seal to withstand the buildup in pressure within capsule 10 under normal conditions during use in machine 20. In other words, cover 18 may be adapted to shrink sufficiently around the at least one injection nozzle when the at least one injection nozzle pierces the cover and injects heated fluid into the capsule to create a seal and allow the buildup in pressure within capsule up to a maximum pressure. Alternatively, cover 18 may be formed of a metallic foil material such as aluminum foil. [0043] In a preferred embodiment, components of capsule 10 (not including ingredients 16) are formed from a single, substantially pure, type of material. This is also referred to herein as a mono-material capsule made with mono-material components. The type of material is selected based on factors including recyclability, ease of manufacturing, durability and desired shelf life.

[0044] Thus body 12, filter 14 (if provided) and cover 18 each may be separate components that each are formed from the same, substantially pure, type of material. Alternatively, body 12 and filter 14 (if provided) each may be formed from the same, substantially pure, type of material and cover 18 may be formed of a different material. The term“substantially pure” is defined herein to mean at least 90% of the same type of material by weight (90%/wt), preferably at least 95%/wt, even more preferably at least 97%/wt and most preferably 100%/wt. The remaining different type of materials may include residual materials such as adhesives, barrier materials and print coatings. As noted above, the desired purity is determined in part by choice of material and shelf life considerations (for example, certain ingredients 16 may require little or no barrier protection or may have a shorter shelf life).

[0045] One preferable type of material for forming the components of the capsule 10 is polypropylene (PP) (which may include variants such as cast polypropylene (CPP)). Another preferable type of material is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (which may include variants such as cast polyethylene terephthalate (CPET)). The PP and PET (and their variants) may be 100% fossil fuel based or it may be a mix of fossil fuels, post-recycled material and/or or bio- resins. Another preferable type of material is aluminum. Yet another preferred type of material is polylactic acid (PLA) for its biodegradable properties. The invention is not intended however to be restricted to any specific type of material provided that it is a single, substantially pure, type and that it meets the needs for operation of the capsule 10 in the machine 20.

[0046] In some embodiments, cover 18 may be formed of a different type of material from body 12 and filter 14 provided that cover 18 may be easily separated from the remainder of the capsule 10 following use or is otherwise compatible from a recycling standpoint. For example, body 12 and filter 14 may be formed of PP and cover 18 may be formed of aluminum foil. Following use, the consumer may separate the cover 18 from the remainder of the capsule 10 so that the cover 18 may be placed into one stream of recycling and the remainder of the capsule 10 may be placed into another stream of recycling (with the consumer optionally also placing used ingredients 16 from capsule 10 into another stream for composting).

[0047] Preferably however, cover 18 is formed from the same type of material as the body 12 and filter 14 of capsule 10. In such instances, it is desirable that cover 18 remain at least partially attached to the remainder of capsule 10 in order that capsule 10 with cover 18 attached may be disposed into the same recycling stream. This avoids placing small components (such as cover 18) separately into the recycling stream where they may not be large enough to be mechanically collected for recycling. Preferably, a hinge 50 is formed on one or both of cover 18 and body 12 to allow cover 18 to be lifted or peeled partially away from the remainder of capsule 10 to allow ingredients 16 to be discarded (preferably to compost) while ensuring that cover 18 remains tethered to the remainder of capsule 10. A tab 52 may also be provided to assist the user with lifting or peeling away cover 18. [0048] Referring to Figs 2 and 3, a preferred structure for hinge 50 is shown. Capsule 10 includes a seal 54 between the underside of cover 18 and the top of flange 38 around the circumference of body 12. Seal 54 includes a peel zone 56 and a hinge zone 58. Seal 54 for peel zone 56 is a peelable seal between cover 18 and flange 38 that allows a consumer to peel cover 18 away from flange 38 by hand without excessive effort. Seal 54 for hinge zone 58 has a more secure seal between cover 18 and flange 38 that does not allow a consumer to peel cover 18 away from flange 38 by hand without excessive effort. In other words, hinge zone 58 has a higher seal or bond strength than peel zone 56. Preferably, hinge zone 58 has a seal or bond strength that is at least 1.5 times as strong as the strength of peel zone 56 and even more preferably at least 2 times as strong. Seal or bond strength may be measured following the principals of ASTM F904.

[0049] Referring to Figure 4, an enlarged schematic view of capsule 10 during use in machine 20 is provided. Capsule 10 includes filter 14 having a hydrophobic region 80 and a hydrophilic region 82. Hydrophilic region 82 is formed when the portion of ingredients 16 having a grind size of less than 100 microns becomes deposited in the pores 14a of filter 14 downstream of where fluid is being injected through injection nozzle 22a.

[0050] Referring to Figure 5, another embodiment for capsule 10 is shown. Similar reference numerals are used to refer to similar elements for the embodiments described herein.

[0051 ] Capsule 10 includes filter 14 that is secured with a seal 68 to an interior surface of body 12 fully around the circumference of sidewall 30 at a location L between opening 36 and end wall 32. Preferably, filter 14 is spaced away from opening 36 (ie not proximate to opening 36). More preferably, filter 14 is secured to body 12 at a location that is in the middle 1/3 of the distance between opening 36 and end wall 32. Filter 14, at it’s lowest point, is preferably spaced a distance D from end wall 32. Distance D is selected to avoid filter 14 being contacted by hollow probe 24a of dispensing system 24 during use of capsule 10 in machine 20 (as shown in Figure 1 ).

[0052] Filter 14 forms a cup shaped area for containing and filtering ingredients 16. Filter 14 includes a sufficient surface area A for allowing fluid to flow through filter 14 at a desired rate during the preparation of the beverage product. Preferably, for a capsule having a volume of 40-80 cc , filter 14 has a surface area of 10-70 cm2. More preferably, filter 14 has a surface area of 15-50 cm2. Filter 14 and body 12 are formed from the same substantially pure material and thus, filter 14 may be secured with seal 68 to body 12 using a heat seal that causes the materials to melt and securely bond together to form seal 68 that does not allow ingredients 16 to bypass filter around seal 68.

[0053] Referring to Figure 6, a beverage brewing system in accordance with another embodiment of the invention is shown at 100. Beverage brewing system is adapted for use in a machine 20’ such as a drip-style beverage machine.

[0054] Beverage brewing system 100 includes filter 102 that defines an ingredients chamber for containing ingredients 16. Filter is adapted to fit in a brew basket 106 of the brewing machine. Filter 102 is formed of a hydrophobic and non-absorbent material having a basis weight that is 40 grams or less per square meter (gsm), preferably in the range of 5 to 40 gsm, more preferably between 10 to 30 gsm and even more preferably less than 20 gsm and most preferably in the range of 10-20 gsm. Most preferably, filter 102 is formed from a non-woven polymer fabric material having a plurality of pores 102a for filtering insoluble ingredients for preparing a desired beverage product.

[0055] Insoluble ingredients 104, such as ground coffee or tea leaves, are disposed in filter 102. Insoluble ingredients preferably have an average grind size of less than 600 microns and more preferably in the range of 400-600 microns. Around 5% of such insoluble ingredients preferably have a grind size of less than 100 microns. It has been found that the ingredients having a grind size of less than 100 microns act as“hydrophilicity enhancers” that cause the hydrophobic filtration material to adopt hydrophilic characteristics in the location where the 100 micron or less size ingredients become embedded in the pores of filter 102. The ingredients having a grind size of less than 100 microns may be loaded into the ingredients chamber prior to loading the remainder of the insoluble ingredients in order for such ingredients to become embedded in pores 102a of filter 102. Alternatively, ingredients having a grind size of less than 100 microns may be loaded at the same time as the remainder of the insoluble ingredients and subsequently become embedded in pores 102a of filter 102.

[0056] Referring to Figure 7, a schematic view of a fabric 200 in accordance with another embodiment of the invention is shown.

[0057] Fabric 200 is formed of a hydrophobic and non-absorbent material 202 having a basis weight that is 40 grams or less per square meter (gsm), preferably in the range of 5 to 40 gsm, more preferably between 10 to 30 gsm and even more preferably less than 20 gsm and most preferably in the range of 10-20 gsm. Most preferably, fabric 202 is formed from a non-woven polymer fabric material having a plurality of pores 202a for filtering insoluble ingredients for preparing a desired beverage product.

[0058] Fabric 200 further includes ground coffee 204 embedded in the pores of material 202. The ground coffee 204 preferably has a grind size of less than 100 microns. The ground coffee 204 may be fresh ground coffee of it may be used ground coffee that is repurposed for forming fabric 200.

[0059] Referring to Figures 8-9, schematic views of a system 100 and a process 1000 for making capsules 10 is shown.

[0060] System 100 comprises at least one transfer belt 102 having a plurality of capsule holders 103 adapted to cyclically and sequentially transfer capsules 10 from a working station to a following station as described further below. While only a single capsule holder 103 is shown at each station for system 100 it will be understood that transfer belt 102 has multiple capsule holders 103 disposed at each station in order that manufacturing operations may be performed simultaneously on multiple capsules at each station.

[0061 ] System 100 includes a body forming station 104 for engaging a sheet of moldable multilayered body material 106 with a heated mandrel 108 to form body 12 in accordance with body forming step 1002. Alternatively, body forming station may be replaced with a body supply station 104A having a body supplier, such as a denester, that denests previously formed bodies 12 from a body supply, and places each body 12 into a respective capsule holder 103.

[0062] Capsule holder 103 with body 12 is then transferred to a filter station 110 for forming and sealing filter 14 to body 12 (in those instances where a filter 14 is required). Filter station 110 may include a supply of pre-cut filters 14 that are sized to be formed and sealed to body 12. A pre-cut filter 14 may be picked from pre-cut filter supply and deposited over opening 36 of body 12. A forming and sealing tool 112 may then engage pre-cut filter to form filter 14 and seal to body 12 (or seal to body 12 and subsequently form filter 14). Alternatively, filter station 110 may include a roll of filter material that is subsequently cut to a desired size either before or after the filter is formed within body 12 and/or sealed to body 12. It should be noted that filter 14 is preferably loosely formed within body 12 to define ingredients chamber 40. Preferably filter 14 is not stretched in the process of forming filter 14. Preferably, filter material is cut into a circular disc having a diameter that is larger than the diameter of opening 36. Filter 14 will then be loosely formed within body 12 with portions of filter 14 overlapping each other or bunching together within body 12.

[0063] Capsule holder 103 with body 12 and filter 14 (where filter is required) is then transferred to an ingredients station 124 having an ingredients supplier 126 for supplying a desired amount of ingredients 16 into ingredients chamber 46 in accordance with ingredients loading step 1010. Ingredients station may include a single portion for loading all ingredients into ingredients chamber at one time. Alternatively, ingredients chamber may have a first portion for loading a first desired set of ingredients (such as ingredients having a grind size of less than 100 microns) and a second portion for loading a second desired set of ingredients (such as the remainder of the ingredients). A scale 128 weighs beverage capsule 10 to ensure that the desired amount of ingredients 16 have been disposed into ingredients chamber 46.

[0064] If a dosing agent is required, then capsule holder 103 transfers body 12 with filter 14 and ingredients 16 to dosing agent station 130 having a dispenser 50 for dispensing a desired amount of dosing agent 40 into ingredients 16 in accordance with dosing step 1012.

[0065] Following dosing step 1012, capsule holder 103 then transfers body 12 with filter 14 and ingredients 16 with dosing agent 40 to cleaning station 132 where a vacuum conduit 134 cleans the exposed surface of flange 28 or gasket portion 50 of filter 14 in preparation for sealing with cover 18 in accordance with cleaning step 1014.

[0066] The system and process described above may either be performed in a non-modified atmospheric environment (such as a regular open-air manufacturing environment) or it may be performed in a modified atmospheric environment (such as an environment where air has been evacuated and replaced with an inert gas such as nitrogen). In a non-modified atmospheric environment, capsules 10 may need to be transferred to a modified atmospheric environment for the remaining steps of replacing the air within capsule with an inert gas and sealing cover 18 to body 12. In a modified atmospheric environment, capsules 10 already contain an inert gas and simply require cover 18 to be sealed to body 12.

[0067] Various options for forming hinge 50 on cover 18 are described below for both non-modified and modified atmospheric embodiments.

[0068] In a non-modified atmospheric environment, capsule holder 103 transfers body 12 with filter 14 and ingredients 16 with dosing agent 40 to a cover pre-sealing station 136 for receiving a supply of a cover material 138 and pre- sealing a portion of cover 18 to flange 38 of body 12 in accordance with pre- sealing step 1016. Pre-sealing may be accomplished for example by thermal welding (heat sealing) or ultrasonic welding. Cover pre-sealing station 136 leaves openings 188 along edge of cover 18 for allowing air to be evacuated and inert gas to be flushed into capsule during the modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) process step 1018 as described in more detail below. Cover material 138 may be supplied in the form of pre-cut covers 12 that are picked and placed on body 12 for pre-sealing. Alternatively, a roll of cover material 138 may be provided and each cover 18 may be cut to a desired size prior to or following the step of pre- sealing cover 18 to body 12.

[0069] Referring to Figures 10(a) and (b), one approach to pre-sealing cover 18 to body 12 is shown. In Figure 10(a), cover 18 is pre-sealed at a first temperature T1 in specific locations around flange 38 to form a peelable seal. Cover 18 is also sealed at hinge zone 58 to define hinge 50. Flinge 50 is formed at a second temperature T2 and/or using a different sealing technique (such as an ultrasonic weld instead of a thermal weld) to form a stronger seal than the seal in peel zone 56. In Figure 10(b), cover 18 is subsequently sealed, following the MAP process described below, entirely around flange 38 to define a peelable seal in peel zone 56 and to fully seal capsule 10.

[0070] Referring to Figures 11 (a) and (b), another approach to pre-sealing cover 18 to body 12 is shown. In Figure 11 (a), cover 18 is pre-sealed at a first temperature T1 in specific locations around flange 38 to form a peelable seal. In Figure 11 (b), cover 18 is subsequently sealed, following the MAP process described below, around peel zone 56 at temperature T1. Hinge 50 is formed in hinge zone 58 at a second temperature T2 and/or using a different sealing technique (such as an ultrasonic weld instead of a thermal weld) to form a stronger seal than the seal in peel zone 56. [0071 ] Hinge 50 may be formed in a two-stage process where the seal in hinge zone 58 is formed at one stage and the seal in peel zone is formed at another stage. Alternatively, hinge 50 may be formed in a single-stage process where a hinge applicator tool (not shown) having two different sealing heads is provided. One sealing head is adapted for forming a peelable seal in peel zone 56 of capsule 10 and the other sealing head is adapted for forming a relatively non-peelable seal in hinge zone 58 of capsule. The sealing heads of the hinge applicator tool may be adapted to operate at different sealing temperatures T1 and T2 and/or it may be adapted to perform different sealing operations (such as a thermal weld and an ultrasonic weld).

[0072] Partially sealed capsules 10 are then transferred from capsule holders 103 in transfer plate 102 to corresponding capsule holders 176 disposed within a transfer plate 178 using a pick-and-place device (not shown) or other suitable mechanism. Capsule holders 176 and transfer plate 178 are specially adapted for use during the MAP process step 1018.

[0073] Transfer plate 178 with partially sealed beverage capsules 10 disposed in capsule holders 176 is then moved to a MAP station 170 for execution of the MAP process step 1018 as described in more detail in US patent publication 20140141128 which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference. Once the MAP process is complete, openings 188 in cover 18 are sealed with sealer 192 in accordance with sealing step 1020 and the finished capsule 10 is transferred using a pick-and-place device (not shown) or other suitable mechanism to a collection station 140 for subsequent packaging into boxes (not shown). [0074] In a modified atmospheric environment, capsule holder 103 transfers body 12 with filter 14 and ingredients 16 with dosing agent 40 to a final cover sealing station 136 for receiving a supply of a cover material 138 and sealing cover 18 to flange 28 of body 12 in accordance with sealing step. Sealing may be accomplished by thermal welding (heat sealing) or ultrasonic welding. Cover material 138 may be supplied in the form of pre-cut covers 12 that are picked and placed on body 12 for pre-sealing. Alternatively, a roll of cover material 138 may be provided and each cover 18 may be cut to a desired size prior to or following the step of pre-sealing cover 18 to body 12.

[0075] In the modified atmospheric environment, hinge 50 may be formed prior to the final sealing step, after the final sealing step or during the final sealing step. Hinge 50 may be formed is a similar manner as discussed above with reference to Figures 16 and 17. Thus, cover 18 may be sealed to hinge zone of flange 38 at temperature T2 and/or by using a different sealing technique (such as an ultrasonic weld instead of a thermal weld) to define hinge 50 and the remainder of cover may be sealed to peel zone of flange 38 at temperature T1 and/or by using a different sealing technique (such as an thermal weld instead of an ultrasonic weld). Alternatively, cover 18 may first be sealed around flange 38 at temperature T1 to define peel zone 56 and then cover 18 may be sealed at hinge zone 58 to define hinge 50.

[0076] It will be understood that system 100 and process 1000 do not require all stations and steps to be provided. It will also be understood that the relative position of stations or the order of process steps may be changed depending on the desired structure and contents of the finished capsule 10. [0077] While the above description provides examples of one or more processes or apparatuses, it will be appreciated that other processes or apparatuses may be within the scope of the accompanying claims.