BALASHOV, Viacheslav Mikhailovich (Marshala Novikova str, 10/1-10Moscow, 8, 12309, RU)
ANSHIN, Sergey Eradievich (Volgogradsky prospect, 1-1314Moscow, 6, 10931, RU)
GUNDAROV, Vladimir Viktorovich (Balaklavskiy prospect, 18-2-65Moscow, 2, 11745, RU)
BALASHOV, Viacheslav Mikhailovich (Marshala Novikova str, 10/1-10Moscow, 8, 12309, RU)
ANSHIN, Sergey Eradievich (Volgogradsky prospect, 1-1314Moscow, 6, 10931, RU)
GUNDAROV, Vladimir Viktorovich (Balaklavskiy prospect, 18-2-65Moscow, 2, 11745, RU)
| What is claimed is a 1. Cavitation structural converter comprising a set of rings in a quantity of at least 100 made from a corrosion resistant material and secured inside a pipe by means of fixtures, wherein the diameter of the channel formed by said rings varies in a wave-like manner. 2. Converter of Claim 1 wherein the thickness of the ring is 2.0 to 4.0 mm. 3. Converter of Claim 1 wherein said rings form funnel-shaped sockets at each end of said channel with the smaller diameter oriented towards the channel. 4. Converter of Claim 1 wherein its length is at least 0.6 m. 5. Converter of Claim 1 wherein diameter of said channel is 15 to 100 mm. 6. Converter of Claim 1 wherein said rings are made from titanium or stainless steel. 7. Converter of Claim 1 wherein said fixtures are made from bronze, brass or aluminum. 8. Converter of Claim 1 wherein difference between the inner diameters of adjacent rings is 5 to 10 mm. |
This invention relates to heat engineering, more specifically, to devices for the conversion of the kinetic energy of heat carrier flows to thermal energy, and can be used as an alternative solution to heaters operating either with electric power (use of heating coils) or by combusting natural gas or propane/butane mixture, coal, gas oil, fuel oil etc..
Known is (EP Patent 0075811) for the conversion of electric power to heat energy by induction heating of a liquid in a pipeline comprising one or multiple induction coils around one or multiple pipes comprising the liquid medium. The flow of the liquid passes through the system of channels in the form of a labyrinth of inner channels with circles or spirals which form short-circuited electric circuits, and when power is supplied to the induction coils said circuits heat up and heat the contacting medium.
A disadvantage of the known device is its insufficiently high efficiency due to the large losses caused by the high electric resistance of the bulky system of labyrinths. The circles and spirals inside the labyrinths prevent the transport of heated liquid to the top part of the heater. The device is difficult in fabrication, metal consuming due to the large number of parts inside the labyrinths and requires much copper wire for the coils because low-frequency supply current (50 Hz) is used.
Also known is (FR Patent Application 2568083) a similar device for the induction heating of liquid in a pipeline comprising at least one induction heater comprising at least one induction coil with an electrically and thermally insulating layer, said coil enveloping a cylindrical magnetically conducting container connected to the liquid supply and removal pipeline via the inlet and outlet branches, respectively, and connected in series to an alternating current controller in the form of two current switches with a thermal sensor mechanically attached to the pipeline outlet section.
A disadvantage of said device is its insufficiently high efficiency because during the operation of this device heat is dissipated in the space from the outer induction coil, and the electromagnetic energy is not completely absorbed by the induction heater coil. The power factor reduction reduces the device efficiency. The device efficiency also decreases due to the ohmic losses in the induction coil having a large number of copper wire windings because 50 Hz supply current is used. For the same reason the known heater is thick-walled. The large copper and steel consumption make the commercial fabrication of the known device uneconomical.
Known is (RU Patent 2255267) a flowing medium heater comprising a vortex pipe the ends of which have hydrodynamic flowing medium motion converters, at one end of said vortex pipe a flow generator is installed, the case of said hydrodynamic flowing medium motion converters is in the form of sockets at the ends of said vortex pipe, a flow generator the symmetry axis of which is coaxial with the longitudinal axis of said vortex pipe and a flow splitter in the form of a plate the surface of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of said vortex pipe. The known heater is used in pipeline transportation systems.
A disadvantage of the known heater is that the inlet flow is swirled by supplying water in a tangential direction thus causing large energy losses during conversion. Furthermore, said hydrodynamic converters have a very complex design that also causes heat energy losses in non-producing heat generator sections. Also, the energy released during cavitation processes is not used.
Known is RU Patent 51403) a device for the conversion of the kinetic energy of a water solution made in the form of a pipe with vortex chambers at its ends and hydromechanical cavitators connected via pipelines to an accumulation tank and a heat exchanger wherein said device has an electrohydrodynamic cavitator connected to a pulse current generator and installed between said hydromechanical cavitators.
A disadvantage of the known device is the relatively low efficiency and the complex design.
The object of this invention is to provide a device for the conversion of the kinetic motion energy of a heat carrier to its heat energy thus reducing the unit cost of heat energy received by the consumers due to the lower fuel consumption.
It is suggested to achieve said object by using a cativation structural converter (hereinafter, the converter) comprising a set of rings in a quantity of at least 100 made from a corrosion resistant material and secured inside a case, wherein the diameter of the channel formed by said rings varies in a wave-like manner. Preferably the thickness of each ring is 2.0 to 4.0 mm. Typically, said rings form funnel-shaped sockets at each end of said channel with the smaller diameter oriented towards the channel. In order for the converter to work efficiently, it is preferred that its length is at least 0.6 m and the channel diameter is 15 to 100 mm. Advantageously, titanium rings are used. The converter case can be made from bronze, brass and aluminum. Preferably, the difference between the inner diameters of adjacent rings is 2 to 10 mm.
The technical result is not achievable if less than 100 rings are used because the phase transition processes occurring in the design quantity of the heated water passing through the converter provide high and stable results only if more than 100 rings are used (advantageously, up to 200 rings). If multiple converters are used as a combined system (2-3 pieces) the system reaches the design operating mode 2 times faster, but the processes are attenuated in the course of further operation. The difference in the operating parameters is the 30% reduction compared to the operation of a single cativation structural converter.
If rings less than 2.0 mm in thickness are used, the energy released during cavitation is not used completely.
Using rings greater than 4.0 mm in thickness is an unjustified consumption of an expensive material with nearly the same results. Preferably, the length of the channel is at least 0.6 - 0.7 m because these sizes provide for the optimum converter operation mode.
Preferably, the diameter of the channel is 15 - 100 mm because these sizes provide for the maximum efficiency of kinetic to heat energy conversion.
Preferably, the difference in adjacent ring diameters (channel step) is 5 to 10 mm because these parameters provide the optimum conditions for phase transitions.
The cativation structural converter is a heating device and can be preferably used in systems where water is heated in steam or water boilers. The steam or heated water is then supplied to a closed circuit via a system of pipelines and further to the consumer via a network pump. The cativation structural converter is a device installed in a system of pipelines carrying a heated liquid permanently moved by working network pumps. The heated liquid at a constant pressure and temperature (at least +30 0 C) is supplied to cativation structural converters installed with bypass lines in standard mixing and recirculation lines and passes through a converter in the form of a metallic pipe case at least 0.6 m in length the inner diameter of which according to this invention is controlled by fixtures and 2.0 to 4.0 mm thick metallic rings. The rings are installed in a wave-like pattern. The number of rings in one device should be at least 100. The rings are installed in a metallic or alloy (aluminum, copper etc.) fixture and then into a metallic pipe case. The inner diameter of the rings is selected for each specific system. The passage of heated liquid through the converter in a heating system initiates the conversion of structural phase transition energy and energy/mass exchange in the heat carrier (water) to heat energy. As a result, heat energy equal to 10 - 20% of the boiler power is released in the system in standard heat supply modes. These parameters are recorded with commercial heat and gas meters installed in the system. Furthermore, when the heated liquid passes through the supply pipelines (after the converter) to the consumer, the previous heat losses (due to the large distance) are largely reduced (by 50 to 85%), and this heat saving is also recorded with metering devices installed at the consumer heat distribution points.
The invention is illustrated with the following embodiments.
Converters according to this invention in a quantity of 6 are made from titanium rings 180 in each, the minimum ring diameter being 45 mm, the maximum diameter being 51 mm, said rings are installed in aluminum fixtures over 200 mm in length each and inserted in 6 metallic pipes 700 mm in length with 100 mm mounting flanges. The converters were installed in a 15 Gcal boiler plant (5 x 3 Gcal boilers) in Bratislava, Slovakia. 5 converters were installed in recirculation lines available in each boiler at a 3-m long pipeline section between the pump and the boiler inlet. The sixth converter was installed in a bypass line between the return pipeline after the network pumps and the supply pipeline. The distance to the boilers is 6 m. The water temperature at the boiler outlet is varied based on the temperature requirement schedule in the range from 120 0 C to 90 0 C. The return water temperature is 40 to 60 0 C. If the converter is used, the heat carrier temperature at the converter outlet rises by 1 - 1.5 0 C. The heat carrier temperature losses in the pipeline connecting the boiler plant to a remote (3 km) heat distribution point which were 2 - 3 0 C, are completely avoided. The heat carrier temperature in the return pipeline rises by 2 - 4 0 C compared to the temperature schedule for similar periods in the past. The actual fuel (natural gas) consumption for one Gcal decreases by 15 - 22 m 3 .
In Burkas (Bulgaria), similar converters are installed in bypass lines of 6 cogeneration (gas piston) plants 3 MW each and one converter is installed in a bypass line at peak boilers between the supply and return pipelines. The distance from the converter to the gas piston plant is 4 m. The distance from the peak boilers to the converter is 15 m. The fuel (natural gas) saving is currently 18% per 1 Gcal of heat production.
Thus, provided the design requirements of the cavitation system converter are complied with, said technical result is achievable in all cases.
Next Patent: METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CHAIN BY EVAPORATIVE-PATTERN CASTING