| US4276926A | 1981-07-07 | |||
| FR2344804A1 | 1977-10-14 | |||
| DE3218593A1 | 1983-11-17 | |||
| US4310303A | 1982-01-12 |
| 1. | A chimney having the function of a heat exchanger represents the effort to maximally exploit the heat passing through a warmed up chimney. According to shape and size of the crosssection while the emission of waste gasses into the atmosphere which are released in the process of the combustion of solid and liquid fuels, there are several kinds of chimneys. There are chimneys whose crosssection measures 14 cm x 14 cm, diameter of the opening 20 cm, and there are as well larger chimneys at larger heating plants and other larger power supply plants whose diameter measures even a few meters. There maybe an attempt of placing pipes into smaller chimneys. These are made of heat conductor and serve as boilers. Patent claimA Chimney Functioning as a Heat Exchanger is characterized by the following: it consists of 1,2,3 or more inward pipe pairs, the both pipes being, made of a high quality heat conductor and of a single outward pipe pair, the inside pipe being made of a high quality heat conductor and the outward of chamotte, additionally insulated from without by a layer of a glass wool, pipes are formed of added pipe pieces as per a drawing, a ventilator ensures the upward flow of a fresh air (which is not mixed with waste gasses) between the pipes of a pair (with two or more than two channels which have the cross section of a ring shape) and the downward flow with a passing within a pipe pair (with two or more than two channels which have the crosssection of a ring shape), it warms up on the way, for the purpose of taller chimneys reinforced concrete columns are designed from without, the end of these all being that the chimney makes possible the emission of waste gasses into the atmosphere and that the maximum heat released in the process of combustion of solid or liquid fuels is thereby exploited. |
| 2. | The ventilator, according to claim 1, is characterized by the following: it provides the flow of a fresh air through the installation on which way the fresh air will warm up, intensified noise is avoided both while the operation of the ventilator and in the installation through which the air flows, the capacity being maximum (it is necessary to meet requirements of increased temperature), with an electric motor and a spare one driven by an internal combustion motor in case of power supply cut, a radial ventilator would suit better to the given circumstances, and, if proved useful, it is also envisaged to make connection of another ventilator to the same drive by a lowrange gear lever which will regulate an even flow of waste gasses over the whole of the space from which the heat is taken, two, three or more various exit temperatures of the air at the same heating will be achieved by different mass flow of the air which, in turn, will be achieved by adequate different number of revolutions of electric motor that drives the ventilator for the fresh air, in case of regulating the flow of waste gasses, the regulation will be made by the ventilator which will have a separate electric motor. |
| 3. | The boiler, according to claims 1 and 2, at the stage of the application of thus created thermal energy, is characterized by the following : heating of the water in the boiler will be ensured by the warm air flowing through a winding copper pipe, concentrically arranged longways in a cylindershaped container, looks like a torsional spring, two or more than two such pipes can be envisaged with an adequate number of entries and/or exits and which will get out from a single entry, or rather, which will be reduced to a single exit and whose diameters will differ from that of the boiler. |
| 4. | If the need be at the stage of applying the heat created in such a manner, a combined boiler is envisaged according to claims 1,2 and 3, characterized by the following: it will include the elements of the foregoing boiler combined with heaters operating on the electric current which would be similar to torsional spring placed from without or within heaters operating on the air, water in the boiler would be heated either by warm air or electric current. |
2. BACKGROUND ART There are solutions to a chimney opening measuring 14 x 14 cm, diameter of the opening being 20 cm, then to the baking of limestone of the opening whose diameter is about Im and to larger chimneys at some larger heating plants and other power supply plants with diameters measuring even several meters.
In practice, there are probably some solutions according to which a pipe is placed within a chimney and thus has a function of a boiler providing a household with necessary quantity of hot water. The weakness of these solutions is that a part of the heat passing through a chimney while the waste gases are released in the process of the combustion is completely lost in the atmosphere, or just a small part of it is exploited.
3. DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION In respect of the existing solutions to chimneys, according to which the heat arising from the process of combustion of solid or liquid fuels when the warmed waste gasses are released through a chimney is completely lost in the atmosphere or just a small part of it is exploited, this invention makes possible maximum exploitation of the heat.
To execute the design of the invention, it would be necessary to define the maximum dimensions of a chimney in terms of the maximum cross-section (subject to the number of pipe pairs) and the height (in case that a building is small but a maximum height of a chimney is desired, then the brick walls need to be strengthened by vertical supports made of reinforced concrete), in order that, by applying solution to technical problem, the heat passing through the opening (Fig. 2, Position 1) and the heat absorbed by the chimney walls could be exploited to a maximum extent.
The most practical medium to take the heat would be the air. The heat would be taken by ensuring the circulation of the clean and cooler air through the space with higher temperature from the bottom to the top of the chimney which would then warm up, and then such a warmer air would flow from the top to the bottom of the chimney getting even warmer.
A ventilator would ensure circulation of the air, and it would be placed behind the installation and would operate by pressing the air up and down.
The air is planned to flows between two pipes which are produced of high quality conductor of the heat. Only, the inward pipe of the last wall pipe pair would be made of high quality conductor of the heat, and the outward of chamotte. For the air to get into the space between the pipes, two or more than two openings are designed. For the clean and warmer air to exit, two or more than two openings are designed, either. For the clean air to evenly flow over the whole of the heating surface, from the bottom to the top of a chimney, appropriate grooves are envisaged at the stage of construction. These will channel the air to flow exactly over a designated surface. To this end, the air will be brought (subject to the size of diameter
of the pipe pair, through pipes that will make a sheaf of pipes) from one entry to exactly designated place of the start of the flow from the bottom to the top of the chimney, so that the exactly designated place of the start of the flow corresponds, by the size of the pipe pair, to one pipe from the sheaf of pipes.
To evenly warm up a total mass of the air it is necessary to ensure a turbulent flow of the air. This would be achieved by rings serving to extend the pipe elements. Turbulence would be better if added pieces are shorter and if difference is slight between inward diameter of the ring of the outward added piece and outward diameter of the ring of the inward added piece, with the fitting being thereby feasible.
The fitting would be carried out alternatively. The length of the first-basic and final- added pieces of the outward and inward pipe would differ. The added pieces would be joined in such a way that an added piece of the outward pipe would be placed in the middle of the added piece of the inward pipe and vice versa. Central added pieces of the outward and inward pipe would be of the same length.
Four options are provided as to which entry air will be used. Under the first option, openings for supply of the clean air are directly connected with openings from the system of channels (these are already used for airing the stables during the winter months). The second option: as the entry air we can use the air warmed up at the level of room temperature from a room which is supplied with the air from the system of channels. Since two entries are planned, there is, of course, the option that one of these is connected to the room air and the other one to the system of channels. The third option is that the entry air is taken directly from the outside, whereas the fourth one is that the room air is used as the entry air and that it comes to the room directly from the outside.
Which option will be applied depends on the season and purpose of the fresh, warmed up air.
It is necessary to ensure that smoke gasses are not mixed with the fresh air which takes the heat. To this end, a welded ring lid or bottom is designed at the top and bottom of the pipe pairs. A two-way gasket is planned between the added pieces. It will be made of substance to meet the condition of high temperatures there created, and to ensure complete sealing.
It is also necessary to prevent the air flowing from the top towards the bottom of a chimney by narrower channels from mixing with that flowing upward. The welding of compartments is the most acceptable, but it will be difficult in the course of fitting.
The drawing shows the situation when the flow of smoke gasses is not regulated and, consequently, there is possibility that warm gasses circulate unevenly over surfaces designed for taking the heat, whereby the coefficient of heat exploitation would be reduced. It is therefore necessary to provide for a possibility of regulating the flow of smoke gases which would be achieved by installing an axial ventilator in the horizontal surface between chimney tube and the starting-point of the central pipe pair (this ventilator would be driven by the same electric motor as the ventilator that ensures the flow of the fresh air). Supports of pipe pairs would then be installed into the walls and would assume the look of a framework, and two transversal beams would be installed for each pipe pair.
The fresh, warmed up air would be further transported by pipes additionally insulated against heat as far as the place of the exploitation.
4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawing which is included into the description and which makes a part of the description of the invention will be helpful in the explanation of the invention.
Fig. 1 Longitudinal section B-B Fig. 2 Cross-section A-A Fig. 3 Longitudinal section C-C Fig. 4-Detail A-connecting of the cover and the floor Fig. 5-Detail B-connecting of the chamotte added pieces Fig. 6-Detail C-connecting of the added pieces of metal pipes Fig. 7-Detail D-lid of the opening for the fitting of entry elements 5. A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AT LEAST ONE WAY OF THE OPERATION OF THE INVENTION The operation of the invention is made feasible by means of an installation through which the cooler air flows, and this air would warm up while the flowing. The flow of the air is provided by a ventilator.
The installation is presented on drawings, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 and is additionally explained in the item Presentation of the design of the invention.
The drawing shows the following: Cross-section A-A of the chimney, Fig. 2, shows: space through which warm waste gasses flow-Position 1, circular exit openings from cut out ring pieces Position 2, ring space for the glass wool-Position 3, conductor of the heat-Position 4, ring space through which the fresh air flows-Position 5, chamotte part-Position 6, ring part for adding the elements of the heat conductor by means of bolts and it serves at the same time for the turbulence of the air in the ring hole-Position 7, brick wall with openings for entry and exit-Position 8, ring exits that end in circular exits Position 9, holders of the heat conductors-Position 10.
Longitudinal section B-B, Fig. 1, or/and longitudinal section C-C, Fig. 3, indicate the following: a concrete base-Position 11, a chimney tube-Position 12, an entry pipe for a ring jacket- Position 13, an exit for a ventilator-Position 14, an opening with a cover designed for removing accumulated soot near the very bottom of the chimney-Position 15, openings for fitting the entry elements-Position 16, openings for fitting the exit elements-Position 17, holders of the chimney tube-Position 18.
A building and a room could be used for people to live therein, which means that there should not be much noise while the ventilator operates and while the fresh air moves through the installation. On the other hand, a maximum capacity of the ventilator to allow for the flow of the air should be ensured. The mass of the air would thus increase as would the differences between the temperatures of the two surfaces. These two criteria should harmonize the solutions of the second one with reference to the first one.
6. A WAY OF APPLYING THE INVENTION Subject to the number of installed pipe pairs, technical solution to the problem ensures the application on the smallest chimneys as well as the large ones, even the larges, with regard to a diameter of a chimney.
The invention represents a practical and useful installation for which an economical production should be sought, with the addition of a ventilator (one or two).
The heat created in such a way can be used wherever need be, and as examples, I shall present the following: It can be used for heating up tall facilities in which optimum conditions for growth of plants, in the first place vegetables and flowers, are created in an artificial mariner.
It can also be used for heating up low facilities when it is necessary to ensure the temperature for springing up the plants by blowing in warm air several times a day.
It can be used for basements and other premises designated for the growth of mushrooms (Psalliota campestris, Pleurotus ostreatus, a sort of Japanese mushroom) and for the pasteurization of the ground for mushrooms.
In summer months, the energy released while preparing the food can be used for drying up fruits, vegetables and tobacco.
The thermal energy thus created can be made possible in terms of providing high temperatures for preserving fruits and vegetables by means of such high temperatures (sterilization, pasteurization, as quick as a lighting procedure, other procedures such as HTST, uperization).
The heat thus created can easily be transported as far as is needed. It can, therefore, be exploited for heating chicken coops and stables when the premises are not aired due to cold weather, as well as for heating other rooms. It can likewise be used for heating water for a bath and for other necessities at a house. It can also be used for heating rooms in which people live.
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