FIELD OF INVENTION

[1] The present invention relates to the net, and more specifically, relates to the net structure provided with composite twine to induce adhesive property for the antifouling paint that acts as a coating.

BACKGROUND

[2] The following description of the related art is intended to provide background information pertaining to the field of disclosure. This section may include certain aspects of the art that may be related to various features of the present disclosure. However, it should be appreciated that this section is used only to enhance the understanding of the reader with respect to the present disclosure, and not as an admission of the prior art.

[3] Netting is often constructed either by knitting, weaving, or extrusion, where the knitted netting is typically formed by a plurality of threads oriented in a first direction, and having wefts oriented in a second direction which is perpendicular to the first direction, and where the threads and wefts are interlocked and secured with each other. In marine aquaculture, the nets used in fish farming or aquaculture need to fulfil stringent requirements. These requirements are associated with high strength in the combination of low weight and high durability under harsh conditions. Various nets made of materials such as nylon, high- density polyethylene (HDPE), and polyester have been developed to meet the above requirements. However, these nets suffer from various issues. For example, nylon and polyester nets being hygroscopic absorb water and lose strength over a shorter period of time as compared to HDPE based nets. Further, nets in an aqueous environment are susceptible to undesired growth of organisms such as algae, seaweed, and the like. Antifouling paints are used on conventional nylon nets and polyester nets to delay the growth of unwanted marine biofouling. The HDPE nets, on the other hand, do not absorb water and hence retain strength over a long period of time, however, HDPE yarns are non-polar and hydrophobic in nature andtherefore, paints do not adhere to such yarns.

[4] There is therefore a need in the art for a net configuration, which overcomes above- mentioned and other limitations of existing approaches. OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE

[5] An object of the present disclosure relates, to the net, and more specifically, relates to the net structure provided with composite twine to induce adhesive property for the antifouling paint that acts as a coating.

[6] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a net structure that can easily adhere to the antifouling paint.

[7] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a net structure that eliminates the undesired growth of organisms.

[8] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a net structure that delay the growth of unwanted marine biofouling.

[9] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a net structure that includes an outer shell provided with surface-modified yarn that is polar in nature and therefore can easily react with the antifouling paint through a chemical reaction.

SUMMARY

[10] The present disclosure relates in general, to the net, and more specifically, relates to the net structure provided with composite twine to induce adhesive property for the antifouling paint that acts as a coating. The main objective of the present disclosure is to overcome the drawback, limitations, and shortcomings of the existing net structure and solution, by providing a cage net structure that can easily adhere to the antifouling paint.

[11] The net structure can include a composite twine that includes an outer shell having two or more polymer yarns, whereat least one polymer yarn is multifilament and at least one surface modified polyolefin or polyketone which is a joint filament yarn and/or monofilament yarn. The surface-modified yarn is polar in nature and access adheres to resins that act as a coating for the outer shell. The content of the polymer multifilament in the outer shell is 5- 30% of the total outer shell content. The polymer multifilament in the outer shell have a tenacity at least double that of the joint filament yarn. The polymer multifilament in the outer shell have a tenacity greater than or equal to 10 grams per denier. The polymer multifilament in the outer shell have an elongation at break of 0.6 to 7%.

[12] The polymer multifilament in the outer shell is selected from a group comprising a combination of Aramid, Ultra high molecular weight Polyethylene, carbon fibres, and glass fibres. The content of the joint filament yarn in the outer shell is 95-70% of the total outer shell content. The surface of the polyolefin is the joint filament yarn that is modified using an oxidising agent such as potassium permanganate, chromic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxydisulfuric acid.

[13] The polyolefin or polyketone joint filament yam is selected from high-density polyethylene and polypropylene. The polyolefin or polyketone joint filament yam in the outer shell have a tenacity of 5 to 10 grams per denier, where the polyolefin or polyketone joint filament yam in the outer shell have an elongation at break of 13 to 35%. Further, the net structure includes an inner core having any or a combination of a polymer monofilament and a polymer multifilament. Thus, the outer shell provided with surface-modified yam is polar in nature and therefore can easily react with the antifouling paint through a chemical reaction, thereby eliminating the undesired growth of organisms and delay the growth of unwanted marine biofouling.

[14] Various objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[15] The following drawings form part of the present specification and are included to further illustrate aspects of the present disclosure. The disclosure may be better understood by reference to the drawings in combination with the detailed description of the specific embodiments presented herein.

[16] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of the net stmcture, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[17] In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, various specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent, however, that embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. Several features described hereafter can each be used independently of one another or with any combination of other features. An individual feature may not address all of the problems discussed above or might address only some of the problems discussed above. Some of the problems discussed above might not be fully addressed by any of the features described herein.

[18] The ensuing description provides exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the disclosure. Rather, the ensuing description of the exemplary embodiments will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing an exemplary embodiment. It should be understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth.

[19] Specific details are given in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, circuits, systems, networks, processes, and other components may be shown as components in block diagram form in order not to obscure the embodiments in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the embodiments.

[20] Also, it is noted that individual embodiments may be described as a process which is depicted as a flowchart, a flow diagram, a data flow diagram, a structure diagram, or a block diagram. Although a flowchart may describe the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations can be performed in parallel or concurrently. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A process is terminated when its operations are completed but could have additional steps not included in a figure. A process may correspond to a method, a function, a procedure, a subroutine, a subprogram, etc. When a process corresponds to a function, its termination can correspond to a return of the function to the calling function or the main function.

[21] The word “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the avoidance of doubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by such examples. In addition, any aspect or design described herein as “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs, nor is it meant to preclude equivalent exemplary structures and techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has,” “contains,” and other similar words are used in either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intended to be inclusive — in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as an open transition word — without precluding any additional or other elements.

[22] Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” or “an instance” or “one instance” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[23] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[24] The present disclosure provides the net structure 100 with high adhesiveness with respect to antifouling paint. According to an embodiment, the cage net structure can include a composite twine that includes an outer shell having two or more polymer yarns, wherein at least one polymer yarn is multifilament and at least one surface modified polyolefin or polyketone which is a joint filament yam and/or monofilament yarn and an inner core having any or a combination of a polymer monofilament and a polymer multifilament, wherein the surface-modified yarn adhere to resins that act as a coating for any or a combination of the outer shell and inner core.

[25] The advantages achieved by the net structure of the present disclosure can be clear from the embodiments provided herein. The present disclosure provides the net structure that can easily adhere to the antifouling paint. The net structure eliminates the undesired growth of organisms. The net structure delays the growth of unwanted marine biofouling. The net structure includes an outer shell provided with surface-modified yarn that is polar in nature and therefore can easily react with the antifouling paint through a chemical reaction. The description of terms and features related to the present disclosure shall be clear from the embodiments that are illustrated and described; however, the invention is not limited to these embodiments only. Numerous modifications, changes, variations, substitutions, and equivalents of the embodiments are possible within the scope of the present disclosure. Additionally, the invention can include other embodiments that are within the scope of the claims but are not described in detail with respect to the following description.

[26] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of the net structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. [27] Referring to FIG. 1, the net structure 100 (also referred to as cage net structure 100, herein) is disclosure. The present disclosure provides the net structure 100 with high adhesiveness with respect to antifouling paint. The net includes an outer shell 102 and an inner core 104. In an embodiment, the inner core 104 may include any or a combination of a polymer monofilament, polymer multifilament, steel wire and polyester cords. The polymer monofilament may include any or a combination of HDPE, polypropylene, nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, and so on, whereas the polymer multifilament may include any or a combination of polyester, HDPE, polypropylene, and the like.

[28] In an embodiment, the outer shell 102 includes two or more polymer yarns. Out of the two or more polymer yarns, at least one polymer yam is multifilament and surface- modifiedyarn. These yarns are combined to form the twine. The surface/chemically modified yarn may include but not limited to surface/chemically modified polyolefin or polyketone that is joint filament.

[29] In an embodiment, the surface of the polyolefin may be a joint filament yarn and/or monofilament yam that is modified using an oxidising agent such as potassium permanganate, chromic acid, hydrogen peroxide, or peroxydisulfuric acid, so as to form the surface/chemically modified yarn. In an exemplary embodiment, the content of the polymer joint filament in the outer shell 102 may vary from 70% to 95% of the total outer shell content.

[30] In an embodiment, the surface modified yarn or chemically modified yam may have a polar stmcture and therefore can easily make the chemical bond with antifouling paint. Thus, the surface-modified yarn can easily adhere to the antifouling paint or the resins 106 such as epoxy resins, acrylic resins, and the like. The antifouling paint or the resin acts as a coating for the outer shell 102 or for a combination of the outer shell 102 and inner core 104.

[31] In an embodiment, the resins 106 coated on polyester, nylon filaments yarn, steel wire and PET cords. In another embodiment, the polyester, nylon filaments yarn, and PET cords are provided without coating 108.

[32] In an exemplary embodiment, the concentration of the polymer multifilament in the outer shell 102 may be ranging from 5% to 30% in the outer shell 102. In another embodiment, the polymer multifilament in the outer shell 102 may have a tenacity at least double that of the joint filament yarn and/or monofilament yarn. In yet another exemplary embodiment, the polymer multifilament in the outer shell 102 may have a tenacity greater than or equal to 10 grams per denier. [33] In another exemplary embodiment, the polymer multifilament in the outer shell 102 may have an elongation at break of 0.6 to 7%. The polymer multifilament in the outer shell 102 may include but not limited to a group or combination of Aramid, ultra-high molecular weight Polyethylene, Carbon fibres, and glass fibres.

[34] In an exemplary embodiment, the polyolefin/polyketone joint filament yarn and/or monofilament yarn can be selected from the group comprising high-density polyethylene and polypropylene.

[35] In an exemplary embodiment, the polyolefin/polyketone joint filament yarn and/or monofilament yam in the outer shell 102 may have a tenacity varying from 5 to 10 grams per denier, whereas the polyolefin/polyketone joint filament yam and/or monofilament yarn in the outer shell may have an elongation at break of 13 to 35%.

[36] Thus, the present disclosure provides anet stmcture that can easily adhere to the antifouling paint. In particular, the proposed net structure includes an outer shell provided with surface-modified yam. The surface-modified yarn is polar in nature and therefore can easily react with the antifouling paint through a chemical reaction. As a result, the surface- modified yam can easily adhereto the antifouling paint.

[37] While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that many embodiments can be made and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the invention. These and other changes in the preferred embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter to be implemented merely as illustrative of the invention and not as limitation.

ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

[38] The present disclosure provides a net stmcture that can easily adhere to the antifouling paint.

[39] The present disclosure provides a net structure that eliminates the undesired growth of organisms.

[40] The present disclosure provides a net stmcture that delay the growth of unwanted marine biofouling.

[41] The present disclosure provides a net structure that includes an outer shell provided with surface-modified yarn that is polar in nature and therefore can easily react with the antifouling paint through a chemical reaction.