INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE TO ANY PRIORITY APPLICATIONS

[0001] Any and all applications for which a foreign or domestic priority claim is identified, for example, in the Application Data Sheet or Request as filed with the present application, are hereby incorporated by reference under 37 CFR 1.57, and Rules 4.18 and 20.6, including U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/951,991, filed December 20, 2019.

Field

[0002] The present application relates to the fields of chemistry, biochemistry and medicine. More particularly, disclosed herein are combination therapies, and methods of treating diseases and/or conditions with a combination therapies descried herein.

Description

[0003] Cancers are a family of diseases that involve abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Cancer treatments today include surgery, hormone therapy, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy and combinations thereof. Survival rates vary by cancer type and by the stage at which the cancer is diagnosed. In 2019, roughly 1.8 million people will be diagnosed with cancer, and an estimated 606,880 people will die of cancer in the United States. Thus, there still exists a need for effective cancer treatments.

SUMMARY

[0004] Some embodiments described herein relate to a combination of compounds that can include an effective amount of Compound (A), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0005] Some embodiments described herein relate to the use of a combination of compounds for treating a disease or condition, wherein the combination includes an effective amount of Compound (A), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Other embodiments described herein relate to the use of a combination of compounds in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease or condition, wherein the combination includes an effective amount of Compound (A), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0006] In some embodiments, the disease or condition can be a cancer described herein.

DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 provides examples of SERD inhibitors.

[0008] Figure 2 provides examples of SERM inhibitors.

[0009] Figure 3 provides examples of Compound (A).

[0010] Figure 4 shows the results of a combination study of Compound (1A) with

Compound 11 in a MCF-7 breast cancer tumor model.

[0011] Figure 5 shows the results of a combination study of Compound (1A) with Compound 13 in a MCF-7 breast cancer tumor model.

[0012] Figure 6 shows the results of a combination study of Compound (1A) with Compound 3 in a MCF-7 breast cancer tumor model.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Definitions

[0013] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as is commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. All patents, applications, published applications and other publications referenced herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety unless stated otherwise. In the event that there are a plurality of definitions for a term herein, those in this section prevail unless stated otherwise.

[0014] Whenever a group is described as being “optionally substituted” that group may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more of the indicated substituents. Likewise, when a group is described as being “unsubstituted or substituted” if substituted, the substituent(s) may be selected from one or more the indicated substituents. If no substituents are indicated, it is meant that the indicated “optionally substituted” or “substituted” group may be substituted with one or more group(s) individually and independently selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, aryl(alkyl), cycloalkyl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl), heterocyclyl(alkyl), hydroxy, alkoxy, acyl, cyano, halogen, thiocarbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, O-thiocarbamyl, N-thiocarbamyl, C-amido, N-amido, S-sulfonamido, N-sulfonamido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy, nitro, sulfenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkoxy, an amino, a mono-substituted amine group, a di-substituted amine group and an amine(C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl).

[0015] As used herein, “C _a to C _b ” in which “a” and “b” are integers refer to the number of carbon atoms in a group. The indicated group can contain from “a” to “b”, inclusive, carbon atoms. Thus, for example, a “Ci to C ₄ alkyl” group refers to all alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbons, that is, CH ₃ -, CH ₃ CH ₂ -, CH ₃ CH ₂ CH ₂ -, (CH ₃ ) ₂ CH-, CH ₃ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ -, CH ₃ CH ₂ CH(CH ₃ )- and (CH ₃ ) ₃ C-. If no “a” and “b” are designated, the broadest range described in these definitions is to be assumed.

[0016] If two “R” groups are described as being "taken together" the R groups and the atoms they are attached to can form a cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocycle. For example, without limitation, if R ^a and R ^b of an NR ^a R ^b group are indicated to be "taken together," it means that they are covalently bonded to one another to form a ring:

[0017] As used herein, the term “alkyl” refers to a fully saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group. The alkyl moiety may be branched or straight chain. Examples of branched alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, iso-propyl, sec -butyl, t-butyl and the like. Examples of straight chain alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n- propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl and the like. The alkyl group may have 1 to 30 carbon atoms (whenever it appears herein, a numerical range such as “1 to 30” refers to each integer in the given range; e.g., “1 to 30 carbon atoms” means that the alkyl group may consist of 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, etc., up to and including 30 carbon atoms, although the present definition also covers the occurrence of the term “alkyl” where no numerical range is designated). The alkyl group may also be a medium size alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. The alkyl group could also be a lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. An alkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0018] The term “alkenyl” used herein refers to a monovalent straight or branched chain radical of from two to twenty carbon atoms containing a carbon double bond(s) including, but not limited to, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 2-methyl- 1-propenyl, 1- butenyl, 2-butenyl and the like. An alkenyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted.

[0019] The term “alkynyl” used herein refers to a monovalent straight or branched chain radical of from two to twenty carbon atoms containing a carbon triple bond(s) including, but not limited to, 1-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl and the like. An alkynyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted.

[0020] As used herein, “cycloalkyl” refers to a completely saturated (no double or triple bonds) mono- or multi- cyclic hydrocarbon ring system. When composed of two or more rings, the rings may be joined together in a fused, bridged or spiro fashion. As used herein, the term “fused” refers to two rings which have two atoms and one bond in common. As used herein, the term “bridged cycloalkyl” refers to compounds wherein the cycloalkyl contains a linkage of one or more atoms connecting non-adjacent atoms. As used herein, the term “spiro” refers to two rings which have one atom in common and the two rings are not linked by a bridge. Cycloalkyl groups can contain 3 to 30 atoms in the ring(s), 3 to 20 atoms in the ring(s), 3 to 10 atoms in the ring(s), 3 to 8 atoms in the ring(s) or 3 to 6 atoms in the ring(s). A cycloalkyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted. Examples of monocycloalkyl groups include, but are in no way limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl. Examples of fused cycloalkyl groups are decahydronaphthalenyl, dodecahydro-lH-phenalenyl and tetradecahydroanthracenyl; examples of bridged cycloalkyl groups are bicyclo[l.l.l]pentyl, adamantanyl and norbornanyl; and examples of spiro cycloalkyl groups include spiro[3.3]heptane and spiro [4.5] decane.

[0021] As used herein, “cycloalkenyl” refers to a mono- or multi- cyclic hydrocarbon ring system that contains one or more double bonds in at least one ring; although, if there is more than one, the double bonds cannot form a fully delocalized pi- electron system throughout all the rings (otherwise the group would be “aryl,” as defined herein). Cycloalkenyl groups can contain 3 to 10 atoms in the ring(s), 3 to 8 atoms in the ring(s) or 3 to 6 atoms in the ring(s). When composed of two or more rings, the rings may be connected together in a fused, bridged or spiro fashion. A cycloalkenyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted.

[0022] As used herein, “carbocyclyl” refers to a non-aromatic a mono- or multi- cyclic hydrocarbon ring system. When composed of two or more rings, the rings may be joined together in a fused, bridged or spiro fashion, as described herein. Carbocyclyl groups can contain 3 to 30 atoms in the ring(s), 3 to 20 atoms in the ring(s), 3 to 10 atoms in the ring(s), 3 to 8 atoms in the ring(s) or 3 to 6 atoms in the ring(s). A carbocyclyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted. Examples of carbocyclyl groups include, but are in no way limited to, cycloalkyl groups and cycloalkenyl groups, as defined herein, and the nonaromatic portions of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, 2,3-dihydro- lH-indene, 5, 6,7,8- tetrahydroquinoline and 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridine.

[0023] As used herein, “aryl” refers to a carbocyclic (all carbon) monocyclic or multicyclic aromatic ring system (including fused ring systems where two carbocyclic rings share a chemical bond) that has a fully delocalized pi-electron system throughout all the rings. The number of carbon atoms in an aryl group can vary. For example, the aryl group can be a C6-C14 aryl group, a C6-C10 aryl group or a Ce aryl group. Examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, benzene, naphthalene and azulene. An aryl group may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0024] As used herein, “heteroaryl” refers to a monocyclic or multicyclic aromatic ring system (a ring system with fully delocalized pi-electron system) that contain(s) one or more heteroatoms (for example, 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms), that is, an element other than carbon, including but not limited to, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. The number of atoms in the ring(s) of a heteroaryl group can vary. For example, the heteroaryl group can contain 4 to 14 atoms in the ring(s), 5 to 10 atoms in the ring(s) or 5 to 6 atoms in the ring(s), such as nine carbon atoms and one heteroatom; eight carbon atoms and two heteroatoms; seven carbon atoms and three heteroatoms; eight carbon atoms and one heteroatom; seven carbon atoms and two heteroatoms; six carbon atoms and three heteroatoms; five carbon atoms and four heteroatoms; five carbon atoms and one heteroatom; four carbon atoms and two heteroatoms; three carbon atoms and three heteroatoms; four carbon atoms and one heteroatom; three carbon atoms and two heteroatoms; or two carbon atoms and three heteroatoms. Furthermore, the term “heteroaryl” includes fused ring systems where two rings, such as at least one aryl ring and at least one heteroaryl ring or at least two heteroaryl rings, share at least one chemical bond. Examples of heteroaryl rings include, but are not limited to, furan, furazan, thiophene, benzothiophene, phthalazine, pyrrole, oxazole, benzoxazole, 1,2,3- oxadiazole, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, thiazole, 1,2,3-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole, benzothiazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, indole, indazole, pyrazole, benzopyrazole, isoxazole, benzoisoxazole, isothiazole, triazole, benzotriazole, thiadiazole, tetrazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, purine, pteridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, quinoxaline, cinnoline and triazine. A heteroaryl group may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0025] As used herein, “heterocyclyl” or “heteroalicyclyl” refers to three-, four-, five-, six-, seven-, eight-, nine-, ten-, up to 18-membered monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic ring system wherein carbon atoms together with from 1 to 5 heteroatoms constitute said ring system. A heterocycle may optionally contain one or more unsaturated bonds situated in such a way, however, that a fully delocalized pi-electron system does not occur throughout all the rings. The heteroatom(s) is an element other than carbon including, but not limited to, oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen. A heterocycle may further contain one or more carbonyl or thiocarbonyl functionalities, so as to make the definition include oxo-systems and thio- systems such as lactams, lactones, cyclic imides, cyclic thioimides and cyclic carbamates. When composed of two or more rings, the rings may be joined together in a fused, bridged or spiro fashion. As used herein, the term “fused” refers to two rings which have two atoms and one bond in common. As used herein, the term “bridged heterocyclyl” or “bridged heteroalicyclyl” refers to compounds wherein the heterocyclyl or heteroalicyclyl contains a linkage of one or more atoms connecting non-adjacent atoms. As used herein, the term “spiro” refers to two rings which have one atom in common and the two rings are not linked by a bridge. Heterocyclyl and heteroalicyclyl groups can contain 3 to 30 atoms in the ring(s), 3 to 20 atoms in the ring(s), 3 to 10 atoms in the ring(s), 3 to 8 atoms in the ring(s) or 3 to 6 atoms in the ring(s). For example, five carbon atoms and one heteroatom; four carbon atoms and two heteroatoms; three carbon atoms and three heteroatoms; four carbon atoms and one heteroatom; three carbon atoms and two heteroatoms; two carbon atoms and three heteroatoms; one carbon atom and four heteroatoms; three carbon atoms and one heteroatom; or two carbon atoms and one heteroatom. Additionally, any nitrogens in a heteroalicyclic may be quatemized. Heterocyclyl or heteroalicyclic groups may be unsubstituted or substituted. Examples of such “heterocyclyl” or “heteroalicyclyl” groups include but are not limited to, 1,3-dioxin, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4-dioxane, 1,2-dioxolane, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxolane, 1,3-oxathiane, 1,4-oxathiin, 1,3-oxathiolane, 1,3-dithiole, 1,3-dithiolane, 1,4-oxathiane, tetrahydro-l,4-thiazine, 2H-l,2-oxazine, maleimide, succinimide, barbituric acid, thiobarbituric acid, dioxopiperazine, hydantoin, dihydrouracil, trioxane, hexahydro-1,3,5- triazine, imidazoline, imidazolidine, isoxazoline, isoxazolidine, oxazoline, oxazolidine, oxazolidinone, thiazoline, thiazolidine, morpholine, oxirane, piperidine N-Oxide, piperidine, piperazine, pyrrolidine, azepane, pyrrolidone, pyrrolidione, 4-piperidone, pyrazoline, pyrazolidine, 2-oxopyrrolidine, tetrahydropyran, 4H-pyran, tetrahydrothiopyran, thiamorpholine, thiamorpholine sulfoxide, thiamorpholine sulfone and their benzo-fused analogs (e.g., benzimidazolidinone, tetrahydroquinoline and/or 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl). Examples of spiro heterocyclyl groups include 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2- oxaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2-oxa-6-azaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2- oxaspiro[3.4]octane and 2-azaspiro[3.4]octane.

[0026] As used herein, “aralkyl” and “aryl(alkyl)” refer to an aryl group connected, as a substituent, via a lower alkylene group. The lower alkylene and aryl group of an aralkyl may be substituted or unsubstituted. Examples include but are not limited to benzyl, 2-phenylalkyl, 3-phenylalkyl and naphthylalkyl.

[0027] As used herein, “heteroaralkyl” and “heteroaryl(alkyl)” refer to a heteroaryl group connected, as a substituent, via a lower alkylene group. The lower alkylene and heteroaryl group of heteroaralkyl may be substituted or unsubstituted. Examples include but are not limited to 2-thienylalkyl, 3-thienylalkyl, furylalkyl, thienylalkyl, pyrrolylalkyl, pyridylalkyl, isoxazolylalkyl and imidazolylalkyl and their benzo-fused analogs.

[0028] A “heteroalicyclyl(alkyl)” and “heterocyclyl(alkyl)” refer to a heterocyclic or a heteroalicyclic group connected, as a substituent, via a lower alkylene group. The lower alkylene and heterocyclyl of a (heteroalicyclyl)alkyl may be substituted or unsubstituted. Examples include but are not limited tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl(methyl), piperidin-4- yl(ethyl), piperidin-4-yl(propyl), tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl(methyl) and l,3-thiazinan-4- yl(methyl). [0029] As used herein, “lower alkylene groups” are straight-chained -CH ₂ - tethering groups, forming bonds to connect molecular fragments via their terminal carbon atoms. Examples include but are not limited to methylene (-CH ₂ -), ethylene (-CH ₂ CH ₂ -), propylene (-CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ -) and butylene (-CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ -). A lower alkylene group can be substituted by replacing one or more hydrogen of the lower alkylene group and/or by substituting both hydrogens on the same carbon with a cycloalkyl group (e.g., ).

[0030] As used herein, the term “hydroxy” refers to a -OH group.

[0031] As used herein, “alkoxy” refers to the Formula -OR wherein R is an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl) is defined herein. A non-limiting list of alkoxys are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1-methylethoxy (iso-propoxy), n-butoxy, iso-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, phenoxy and benzoxy. An alkoxy may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0032] As used herein, “acyl” refers to a hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) and heterocyclyl(alkyl) connected, as substituents, via a carbonyl group. Examples include formyl, acetyl, propanoyl, benzoyl and acryl. An acyl may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0033] A “cyano” group refers to a “-CN” group.

[0034] The term “halogen atom” or “halogen” as used herein, means any one of the radio-stable atoms of column 7 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, such as, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.

[0035] A “thiocarbonyl” group refers to a “-C(=S)R” group in which R can be the same as defined with respect to O-carboxy. A thiocarbonyl may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0036] An “0-carbamyl” group refers to a “-OC(=0)N(R _A R _B )” group in which R _A and R _B can be independently hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl). An O-carbamyl may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0037] An “N-carbamyl” group refers to an “ROC(=O)N(R _A )-” group in which R and R _A can be independently hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl). An N-carbamyl may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0038] An “0-thiocarbamyl” group refers to a “-OC(=S)-N(R _A R _B )” group in which R _A and R _B can be independently hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl). An O-thiocarbamyl may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0039] An “N-thiocarbamyl” group refers to an “ROC(=S)N(R _A )-” group in which R and R _A can be independently hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl). An N-thiocarbamyl may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0040] A “C-amido” group refers to a “-C(=0)N(R _A R _B )” group in which R _A and

R _B can be independently hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl). A C-amido may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0041] An “N-amido” group refers to a “RC(=0)N(R _A )-” group in which R and R _A can be independently hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl). An N-amido may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0042] An “S-sulfonamido” group refers to a “-S0 ₂ N(R _A R _B )” group in which R _A and R _B can be independently hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl). An S-sulfonamido may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0043] An “N-sulfonamido” group refers to a “RS0 ₂ N(R _A )-” group in which R and R _A can be independently hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl). An N-sulfonamido may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0044] An “O-carboxy” group refers to a “RC(=0)0-” group in which R can be hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl), as defined herein. An O-carboxy may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0045] The terms “ester” and “C-carboxy” refer to a “-C(=0)OR” group in which R can be the same as defined with respect to O-carboxy. An ester and C-carboxy may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0046] A “nitro” group refers to an “-NO ₂ ” group.

[0047] A “sulfenyl” group refers to an “-SR” group in which R can be hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl). A sulfenyl may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0048] A “sulfinyl” group refers to an “-S(=0)-R” group in which R can be the same as defined with respect to sulfenyl. A sulfinyl may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0049] A “sulfonyl” group refers to an “SO ₂ R” group in which R can be the same as defined with respect to sulfenyl. A sulfonyl may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0050] As used herein, “haloalkyl” refers to an alkyl group in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a halogen (e.g., mono-haloalkyl, di-haloalkyl, tri- haloalkyl and polyhaloalkyl). Such groups include but are not limited to, chloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, l-chloro-2-fluoromethyl, 2-fluoroisobutyl and pentafluoroethyl. A haloalkyl may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0051] As used herein, “haloalkoxy” refers to an alkoxy group in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a halogen (e.g., mono-haloalkoxy, di- haloalkoxy and tri- haloalkoxy). Such groups include but are not limited to, chloromethoxy, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, l-chloro-2-fluoromethoxy and 2- fluoroisobutoxy. A haloalkoxy may be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0052] The term “amino” as used herein refers to a -NH ₂ group.

[0053] A “mono-substituted amine” group refers to a “-NHR _A ” group in which R _A can be an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl), as defined herein. The R _A may be substituted or unsubstituted. Examples of mono-substituted amino groups include, but are not limited to, -NH(methyl), -NH(phenyl) and the like. [0054] A “di-substituted amine” group refers to a “-NR _A R _B ” group in which RA and R _B can be independently an alkyl, an alkenyl, an alkynyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl(alkyl), aryl(alkyl), heteroaryl(alkyl) or heterocyclyl(alkyl), as defined herein. R _A and R _B can independently be substituted or unsubstituted. Examples of di-substituted amino groups include, but are not limited to, -N(methyl)2, -N(phenyl)(methyl), -N (ethyl) (methyl) and the like.

[0055] As used herein, “amine(alkyl)” group refers to an -(alkylene)-NR’R” radical where R’ and R” are independently hydrogen or alkyl as defined herein. An amine(alkyl) may be substituted or unsubstituted. Examples of amine(alkyl) groups include, but are not limited to, -CH ₂ NH(methyl), -CH ₂ NH(phenyl), -CH ₂ CH ₂ NH(methyl), -CH ₂ CH ₂ NH(phenyl), -CH ₂ N(methyl) ₂ , -CH ₂ N(phenyl)(methyl), -NCH ₂ (ethyl)(methyl), -CH ₂ CH ₂ N(methyl)2, -CH ₂ CH ₂ N(phenyl)(methyl), -NCH ₂ CH ₂ (ethyl)(methyl) and the like.

[0056] Where the number of substituents is not specified (e.g. haloalkyl), there may be one or more substituents present. For example, “haloalkyl” may include one or more of the same or different halogens. As another example, “C ₁ -C ₃ alkoxyphenyl” may include one or more of the same or different alkoxy groups containing one, two or three atoms.

[0057] As used herein, a radical indicates species with a single, unpaired electron such that the species containing the radical can be covalently bonded to another species. Hence, in this context, a radical is not necessarily a free radical. Rather, a radical indicates a specific portion of a larger molecule. The term “radical” can be used interchangeably with the term “group.”

[0058] The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to a salt of a compound that does not cause significant irritation to an organism to which it is administered and does not abrogate the biological activity and properties of the compound. In some embodiments, the salt is an acid addition salt of the compound. Pharmaceutical salts can be obtained by reacting a compound with inorganic acids such as hydrohalic acid (e.g., hydrochloric acid or hydrobromic acid), a sulfuric acid, a nitric acid and a phosphoric acid (such as 2,3- dihydroxypropyl dihydrogen phosphate). Pharmaceutical salts can also be obtained by reacting a compound with an organic acid such as aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic or sulfonic acids, for example formic, acetic, succinic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, nicotinic, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic, trifluoroacetic, benzoic, salicylic, 2- oxopentanedioic or naphthalenesulfonic acid. Pharmaceutical salts can also be obtained by reacting a compound with a base to form a salt such as an ammonium salt, an alkali metal salt, such as a sodium, a potassium or a lithium salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, such as a calcium or a magnesium salt, a salt of a carbonate, a salt of a bicarbonate, a salt of organic bases such as dicyclohexylamine, N-methyl-D-glucamine, tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamine, C ₁ -C ₇ alkylamine, cyclohexylamine, triethanolamine, ethylenediamine and salts with amino acids such as arginine and lysine. Those skilled in the art understand that when a salt is formed by protonation of a nitrogen-based group (for example, NH ₂ ), the nitrogen-based group can be associated with a positive charge (for example, NH ₂ can become NH ₂ ⁺ ) and the positive charge can be balanced by a negatively charged counterion (such as Cl ^" ).

[0059] It is understood that, in any compound described herein having one or more chiral centers, if an absolute stereochemistry is not expressly indicated, then each center may independently be of R-configuration or S -configuration or a mixture thereof. Thus, the compounds provided herein may be enantiomerically pure, enantiomeric ally enriched, racemic mixture, diastereomerically pure, diastereomerically enriched or a stereoisomeric mixture. In addition, it is understood that, in any compound described herein having one or more double bond(s) generating geometrical isomers that can be defined as E or Z, each double bond may independently be E or Z a mixture thereof. Likewise, it is understood that, in any compound described, all tautomeric forms are also intended to be included.

[0060] It is to be understood that where compounds disclosed herein have unfilled valencies, then the valencies are to be filled with hydrogens or isotopes thereof, e.g., hydrogen- 1 (protium) and hydrogen-2 (deuterium).

[0061] It is understood that the compounds described herein can be labeled isotopically. Substitution with isotopes such as deuterium may afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, such as, for example, increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements. Each chemical element as represented in a compound structure may include any isotope of said element. For example, in a compound structure a hydrogen atom may be explicitly disclosed or understood to be present in the compound. At any position of the compound that a hydrogen atom may be present, the hydrogen atom can be any isotope of hydrogen, including but not limited to hydrogen- 1 (protium) and hydrogen-2 (deuterium). Thus, reference herein to a compound encompasses all potential isotopic forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0062] It is understood that the methods and combinations described herein include crystalline forms (also known as polymorphs, which include the different crystal packing arrangements of the same elemental composition of a compound), amorphous phases, salts, solvates and hydrates. In some embodiments, the compounds described herein exist in solvated forms with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as water, ethanol or the like. In other embodiments, the compounds described herein exist in unsolvated form. Solvates contain either stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amounts of a solvent, and may be formed during the process of crystallization with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as water, ethanol or the like. Hydrates are formed when the solvent is water or alcoholates are formed when the solvent is alcohol. In addition, the compounds provided herein can exist in unsolvated as well as solvated forms. In general, the solvated forms are considered equivalent to the unsolvated forms for the purposes of the compounds and methods provided herein.

[0063] Where a range of values is provided, it is understood that the upper and lower limit, and each intervening value between the upper and lower limit of the range is encompassed within the embodiments.

[0064] Terms and phrases used in this application, and variations thereof, especially in the appended claims, unless otherwise expressly stated, should be construed as open ended as opposed to limiting. As examples of the foregoing, the term ‘including’ should be read to mean ‘including, without limitation,’ ‘including but not limited to,’ or the like; the term ‘comprising’ as used herein is synonymous with ‘including,’ ‘containing,’ or ‘characterized by,’ and is inclusive or open-ended and does not exclude additional, unrecited elements or method steps; the term ‘having’ should be interpreted as ‘having at least;’ the term ‘includes’ should be interpreted as ‘includes but is not limited to;’ the term ‘example’ is used to provide exemplary instances of the item in discussion, not an exhaustive or limiting list thereof; and use of terms like ‘preferably,’ ‘preferred,’ ‘desired,’ or ‘desirable,’ and words of similar meaning should not be understood as implying that certain features are critical, essential, or even important to the structure or function, but instead as merely intended to highlight alternative or additional features that may or may not be utilized in a particular embodiment. In addition, the term “comprising” is to be interpreted synonymously with the phrases "having at least" or "including at least". When used in the context of a compound, composition or device, the term "comprising" means that the compound, composition or device includes at least the recited features or components, but may also include additional features or components.

[0065] With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. The various singular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity. The indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.

Compounds

[0066] Some embodiments disclosed herein relate to the use of a combination of compounds for treating a disease or condition, wherein the combination can include an effective amount of Compound (A), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: the Compound (A) has the structure: wherein: R ¹ can be selected from hydrogen, halogen and a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl; Ring A can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl and a substituted or unsubstituted 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl; Ring B can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-7 membered carbocyclyl and a substituted or unsubstituted 5-7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl; R ² can be selected from can be 0, 1, 2 or 3; R can be selected from halogen and a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl; X can be selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted 4-6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl, a substituted or unsubstituted amine(C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl), a substituted or unsubstituted -NH-(CH ₂ ) _1-6 -amine, a mono-substituted amine, a di-substituted amine, an amino, a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ - Ce alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkoxy, a substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkoxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl)acyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C-amido, a substituted or unsubstituted N-amido, a substituted or unsubstituted C-carboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted O-carboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted O-carbamyl and a substituted or unsubstituted N-carbamyl; Y can be CH or N; Y ¹ can be CR ^4A or N; Y ² can be CR ^4B or N; Ring C can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C10 aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-10 membered heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-7 membered carbocyclyl, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl and a substituted or unsubstituted 7-10 membered bicyclic heterocyclyl; R ^4A and R ^4B can be independently selected from hydrogen, halogen and an unsubstituted CM alkyl; and R ⁵ can be a substituted or unsubstituted 5-7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl; and the one or more of Compound (B) can be selected from a SERD compound and a SERM compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any of the foregoing.

[0067] In some embodiments, R ¹ can be selected from hydrogen, halogen and a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl. In some embodiments, Ring A can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl and a substituted or unsubstituted 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring B can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-7 membered carbocyclyl and a substituted or unsubstituted 5-7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R ² can be selected from In some embodiments, m can be 0, 1, 2 or 3. In some embodiments, R ³ can be selected from halogen and a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl. In some embodiments, X can be selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted 4-6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl, a substituted or unsubstituted amine( C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl), a substituted or unsubstituted -NH-(CH2) _1-6 -amine, a mono-substituted amine, a di-substituted amine, an amino, a substituted or unsubstituted Ci- Ce alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkoxy, a substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkoxy, a substituted or unsubstituted (C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl)acyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C-amido, a substituted or unsubstituted N-amido, a substituted or unsubstituted C-carboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted O-carboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted O-carbamyl and a substituted or unsubstituted N-carbamyl. In some embodiments, Y can be CH or N. In some embodiments, Y ¹ can be CR ^4A or N. In some embodiments, Y ² can be CR ^4B or N. In some embodiments, Ring C can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C10 aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-10 membered heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-7 membered carbocyclyl, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl and a substituted or unsubstituted 7-10 membered bicyclic heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, R ^4A and R ^4B are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen and an unsubstituted C _1-4 alkyl.

[0068] In some embodiments, R ¹ can be selected from hydrogen, halogen and Ci- Ce alkyl. In some embodiments, R ¹ can be hydrogen. In other embodiments, R ¹ can be halogen. In some embodiments, R ¹ can be fluoro. In still other embodiments, R ¹ can be an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, sec- butyl, t-butyl, pentyl (straight chain or branched) or hexyl (straight chain or branched)). In some embodiments, R ¹ can be an unsubstituted methyl. In some embodiments, R ¹ can be a substituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, such as those described herein. In some embodiments, R ¹ can be an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ haloalkyl (such as a C ₁ -C ₆ fluoroalkyl, a C ₁ -C ₆ chloroalkyl or a C ₁ -C ₆ chlorofluoroalkyl). In some embodiments, R ¹ can be -CHF ₂ , -CF ₃ , -CF ₂ CH ₃ or -CH ₂ CF ₃ .

[0069] In some embodiments, Ring A can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl and a substituted or unsubstituted 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl. [0070] In some embodiments, Ring A can be a substituted phenyl. In other embodiments, Ring A can be an unsubstituted phenyl.

[0071] In some embodiments, Ring A can be a substituted 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring A can be an unsubstituted 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring A can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted pyrrole, a substituted or unsubstituted furan, a substituted or unsubstituted thiophene, a substituted or unsubstituted imidazole, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazole, a substituted or unsubstituted oxazole, a substituted or unsubstituted thiazole, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridine, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrazine, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidine and a substituted or unsubstituted pyridazine.

[0072] When substituted, Ring A can be substituted with one or more substituents selected from halogen, an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₄ haloalkyl and an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl. In some embodiments, Ring A is mono-substituted with a halogen (for example, fluoro). wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted. In some embodiments, can be a substituted or unsubstituted In some embodiments, can be a substituted or unsubstituted , wherein the Ring A is unsubstituted. In other embodiments, can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted substituted or unsubstituted

[0074] In some embodiments, Ring B can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-7 membered carbocyclyl and a substituted or unsubstituted 5-7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl.

[0075] In some embodiments, Ring B can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-7 membered carbocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring B can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5 membered carbocyclyl. In other embodiments, Ring B can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 6 membered carbocyclyl. In still other embodiments, Ring B can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 7 membered carbocyclyl. [0076] In some embodiments, can be selected from: wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted.

[0077] In some embodiments, Ring B can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-7 membered heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring B can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5 membered heterocyclyl. In other embodiments, Ring B can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 6 membered heterocyclyl. In still other embodiments, Ring B can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 7 membered heterocyclyl.

[0078] In some embodiments, can be selected from: e aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted, including any -NH group. [0079] In some embodiments, Ring B can be selected from wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted, including any -NH group. In some embodiments, Ring B can be a substituted or unsubstituted

[0080] In some embodiments, when Ring B is substituted, Ring B can be substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, an unsubstituted N-linked amido (for example, -NHC(0)C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl), an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ haloalkyl (such as those described herein) and a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, when Ring B is substituted, Ring B can be substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, hydroxy, amino, an unsubstituted N-linked amido (for example, -NHC(O) C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl) and a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, Ring B can be substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from fluoro, hydroxy, amino, an unsubstituted -NHC(0)C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ haloalkyl (such as those described herein) and an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, Ring B can be substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from fluoro, hydroxy,

-CF ₃ , -CHF ₂ , -CF ₂ CH ₃ , an unsubstituted methyl, an unsubstituted ethyl and -NHC(0)CH ₃ . [0081] In some embodiments, can be selected from: aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted, including any -NH group. [0082] In some embodiments, can be selected from: aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted. In some embodiments, can wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted. In some embodiments, can be a substituted or unsubstituted

In some embodiments, can be a substituted [0083] Both Ring A and Ring B can be substituted or unsubstituted. In some embodiments, Ring A and Ring B can be independently substituted or unsubstituted. In some embodiments, Ring A and Ring can be both unsubstituted. In some embodiments, Ring A and Ring can be both independently substituted. In some embodiments, Ring can be substituted and

Ring can be unsubstituted. In some embodiments, Ring can be unsubstituted and Ring can be substituted. In some embodiments, Ring A of can be unsubstituted and Ring can be substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, hydroxy and a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, Ring can be unsubstituted and Ring can be substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from fluoro, hydroxy, amino, an unsubstituted N-linked amido (for example, -NHC(0)C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl), an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ haloalkyl (such as those described herein) and an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein). In some substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from fluoro, hydroxy, amino, -CF3, -CHF2, -CF2CH3, an unsubstituted methyl, an unsubstituted ethyl and -NHC(0)CH ₃ .

[0084] In some embodiments, R ² can be selected from

[0085] In some embodiments, Y can be CH or N (nitrogen). In some embodiments, Y can be CH. In some embodiments, Y can be N (nitrogen).

[0086] In some embodiments, R ³ can be selected from halogen and a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, R ³ can be halogen. In some embodiments, R ³ can be a substituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, R ³ can be an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein). [0087] In some embodiments, m can be 0, 1, 2 or 3. In some embodiments, m can be 0. In some embodiments, m can be 1. In some embodiments, m can be 2. In some embodiments, m can be 3. When m is 2 or 3, the R ³ groups can be the same or different from each other.

[0088] In some embodiments, X can be selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted 4-6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl, a substituted or unsubstituted amine(C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl), a substituted or unsubstituted -NH-(CH ₂ ) _1-6 - amine, a mono-substituted amine, a di-substituted amine, an amino, a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein), a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ - Ce alkoxy (such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, iso-propoxy, n-butoxy, iso-butoxy, sec- butoxy, t-butoxy, pentoxy (straight chain or branched) or hexoxy (straight chain or branched)), a substituted or unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkoxy (such as cyclopropoxy, cyclobutoxy, cyclopentoxy or cyclohexoxy), a substituted or unsubstituted (C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl)acyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C-amido, a substituted or unsubstituted N-amido, a substituted or unsubstituted C-carboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted O-carboxy, a substituted or unsubstituted O-carbamyl and a substituted or unsubstituted N-carbamyl.

[0089] In some embodiments, X can be hydrogen. In other embodiments, X can be halogen. In some embodiments, X can be fluoro. In some embodiments, X can be chloro. In still other embodiments, X can be hydroxy. In yet still other embodiments, X can be cyano. In some embodiments, X can be an amino.

[0090] In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted methyl, an unsubstituted ethyl or an unsubstituted iso-propyl. In some embodiments, X can be a substituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ haloalkyl (such as a C ₁ -C ₆ fluoroalkyl, a C ₁ -C ₆ chloroalkyl or a C ₁ -C ₆ chlorofluoroalkyl). In some embodiments, X can be selected from -CHF ₂ , -CF ₃ , -CF ₂ CH ₃ and -CH ₂ CF ₃ . In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ hydroxyalkyl (such as a C ₁ -C ₆ mono-hydroxyalkyl or a C ₁ -C ₆ di-hydroxy alkyl). In some embodiments, X can be selected from -CH ₂ OH, -CH ₂ CH ₂ OH, -CH(OH)CH ₃ and -C(OH)(CH ₃ ) ₂ . In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ cyanoalkyl (such as a C ₁ -C ₆ mono-cyanoalkyl or a C ₁ -C ₆ di-cyanoalkyl). In some embodiments, X can be selected from and . In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkoxyalkyl (such as a C ₁ -C ₆ mono-alkoxyalkyl or a C ₁ -C ₆ di-alkoxyalkyl). In some embodiments, X can be selected from . In some embodiments,

X can be a substituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl selected from

[0091] In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkoxy (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted methoxy, an unsubstituted ethoxy or an unsubstituted iso-propoxy. In some embodiments, X can be a substituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkoxy (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, X can be a C ₁ -C ₆ alkoxy substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, an amino, a mono-substituted amine (such as those described herein) and a di-substituted amine (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, X can be a C ₁ -C ₆ alkoxy substituted with 1 substituent selected from halogen, an amino, a mono-substituted amine (such as those described herein) and a di-substituted amine (such as those described herein).

[0092] In some embodiments, X can be selected from

[0093] In some embodiments, X can be a substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkoxy (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkoxy (such as those described herein).

[0094] In some embodiments, X can be a substituted (C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl)acyl, such as a substituted -(CO)-CH ₃ . In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted (C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl)acyl, such as an unsubstituted -(CO)-CH ₃ .

[0095] In some embodiments, X can be a substituted 4-6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted 4-6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, X can be selected from azetidine, oxetane, diazetidine, azaoxetane, pyrrolidine, tetrahydrofuran, imidazoline, pyrazolidine, piperidine, tetrahydropyran, piperazine, morpholine and dioxane; wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted, including any -NH group. . In some embodiments,

X can be selected from ; wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted, including any -NH group.

[0096] In some embodiments, X can be a 4-6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl (such as those described herein) substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from halogen, a substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those described herein), a mono-substituted amine (such as those described herein), a di-substituted amine (such as those described herein), an amino, substituted or unsubstituted amine(C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl) and a substituted or unsubstituted (C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl) acyl. In some embodiments, X can be a 4-6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl substituted with 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from fluoro, an unsubstituted methyl, an unsubstituted ethyl, an unsubstituted iso- propyl, -CH ₂ OH and -N(CH3)2. In some embodiments, X can be selected from

[0097] In some embodiments, X can be a substituted amine(C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl). In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted amine(C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl). In some embodiments, X can be selected from wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted, including any -NH group. .

[0098] In some embodiments, X can be a substituted -NH-(CH ₂ ) _1-6 -amine. In some embodiments, X can be an unsubstituted -NH-(CH ₂ ) _1-6 -amine. In some embodiments, X can be selected from wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted, including any -NH group.

[0099] In some embodiments, X can be a mono-substituted amine. In some embodiments, the substituent of the mono-substituted amine is an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those as described herein) or an unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl (such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl).

[0100] In some embodiments, X can be a di-substituted amine. In some embodiments, the two substituents of the di-substituted amine are independently selected from an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (such as those as described herein) and an unsubstituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl (such as those as described herein).

[0101] In some embodiments, X can be selected from

[0102] In some embodiments, X can be a substituted or unsubstituted C-amido. In some embodiments, X can be a substituted or unsubstituted N-amido. In some embodiments, X can be a substituted or unsubstituted C-carboxy. In some embodiments, X can be a substituted or unsubstituted O-carboxy. In some embodiments, X can be a substituted or unsubstituted O-carbamyl. In some embodiments, X can be a substituted or unsubstituted N-carbamyl. In some embodiments, X can be mono-substituted with an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ hydroxyalkyl (such as those described herein).

[0103] In some embodiments, Y ¹ can be CR ^4A or N (nitrogen). In some embodiments, Y ¹ can be CR ^4A . In some embodiments, Y ¹ can be N (nitrogen).

[0104] In some embodiments, Y ² can be CR ^4B or N (nitrogen). In some embodiments, Y ² can be CR ^4B . In some embodiments, Y ² can be N (nitrogen).

[0105] In some embodiments, Y ¹ and Y ² can each be N (nitrogen). In some embodiments, Y ¹ can be CR ^4A and Y ² can be CR ^4B . In some embodiments, Y ¹ can be CR ^4A and Y ² can be N (nitrogen). In some embodiments, Y ¹ can be N (nitrogen) and Y ² can be CR ^4B .

[0106] In some embodiments, R ^4A can be hydrogen. In some embodiments, R ^4A can be halogen. In some embodiments, R ^4A can be an unsubstituted C1-4 alkyl (such as those described herein).

[0107] In some embodiments, R ^4B can be hydrogen. In some embodiments, R ^4B can be halogen. In some embodiments, R ^4B can be an unsubstituted Ci-4 alkyl (such as those described herein).

[0108] In some embodiments, R ^4A and R ^4B can each be hydrogen. In some embodiments, R ^4A and R ^4B can each be halogen (wherein the halogens can be the same or different from each other). In some embodiments, R ^4A and R ^4B can each be an unsubstituted Ci-4 alkyl (such as those described herein, and wherein the CM alkyls can be the same or different from each other). In some embodiments, one of R ^4A and R ^4B can be hydrogen and the other of R ^4A and R ^4B can be halogen. In some embodiments, one of R ^4A and R ^4B can be hydrogen and the other of R ^4A and R ^4B can be an unsubstituted Ci-4 alkyl (such as those described herein). In some embodiments, one of R ^4A and R ^4B can be halogen and the other of R ^4A and R ^4B can be an unsubstituted Ci-4 alkyl (such as those described herein).

[0109] In some embodiments, R ² can For example, R ² can be some embodiments, R ⁵ can be a substituted 5-7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl. In other embodiments, R ⁵ can be an unsubstituted 5-7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl. Examples of R ⁵ groups include a substituted or unsubstituted piperidinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolidinyl and a substituted or unsubstituted azepanyl. When substituted the R ⁵ group, possible substituents include an unsubstituted Ci-4 alkyl, halogen, hydroxy and unsubstituted Ci-4 haloalkyl.

[0110] In some embodiments, Ring C can be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C10 aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-10 membered heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5-7 membered carbocyclyl, a substituted or unsubstituted 5-7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl and a substituted or unsubstituted 7-10 membered bicyclic heterocyclyl.

[0111] In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted C6-C10 aryl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be an unsubstituted C6-C10 aryl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted Ce aryl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be an unsubstituted Ce aryl.

[0112] In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be an unsubstituted 5-10 membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted 5-6 membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be an unsubstituted 5-6 membered heteroaryl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be selected from furan, thiophene, pyrrole, oxazole, thiazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, indole, pyrazole, isoxazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, purine, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline and quinoxaline; wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted, including any -NH group.

[0113] In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 5 membered carbocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 6 membered carbocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic 7 membered carbocyclyl.

[0114] In some embodiments, Ring C can be a Ring C can be a substituted or unsubstituted 5 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted or unsubstituted 6 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted or unsubstituted 7 membered monocyclic heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be selected from imidazoline, imidazolidine, isoxazoline, isoxazolidine, oxazoline, oxazolidine, oxazolidinone, thiazoline, thiazolidine, morpholine, piperidine, piperazine, pyrrolidine, pyrrolidone, 4-piperidone, pyrazoline, pyrazolidine, tetrahydropyran, azepine, oxepine and diazepine; wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted, including any -NH group.

[0115] In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted or unsubstituted 7 membered bicyclic heterocyclyl (for example, a fused, a bridged or a spiro heterocyclyl). In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted or unsubstituted 8 membered bicyclic heterocyclyl, such as, a fused, a bridged or a spiro heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted or unsubstituted 9 membered bicyclic heterocyclyl (for example, a fused, a bridged or a spiro heterocyclyl). In some embodiments, Ring C can be a substituted or unsubstituted 10 membered bicyclic heterocyclyl, such as, a fused, a bridged or a spiro heterocyclyl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be selected from pyrrolizidine, indoline, 1,2, 3, 4 tetrahydroquinoline, 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2-oxaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2-oxa-6- azaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2,6-diazaspiro[3.3]heptane, 2-oxaspiro[3.4]octane and 2- azaspiro[3.4]octane; wherein each of the aforementioned groups are substituted or unsubstituted, including any -NH group.

[0116] In some embodiments, Ring C can be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (as described herein) and an unsubstituted (C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl)acyl. In some embodiments, Ring C can be substituted with one substituent selected from an unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl (as described herein) and an unsubstituted (C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl)acyl.

[0117] In some embodiments, R ² can be selected from: wherein each of the aforementioned groups can be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0118] In some embodiments, Compound (A), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be used in combination with a SERD inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, Compound (A), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be used in combination with a SERM inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, Compound (A), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be used in combination with a compound of Formula (Bl), wherein the compound of Formula (Bl) has the structure: wherein: b ¹ can be N or Cb ⁸ , wherein b ⁸ can be H, halogen or OCH3; b ² can be N or Cb ⁹ , wherein b ⁹ can be H or halogen; b ⁴ can be N or Cb ¹⁰ , wherein b ¹⁰ can be H or halogen; b ⁵ can be N or Cb ¹¹ , wherein b ¹¹ can be H, halogen or OCH ₃ ; b ⁶ can be H, F or OH; b ⁷ can be an unsubstituted lower alkyl; and b ⁸ can be a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or an unsubstituted cycloalkyl, a substituted or an unsubstituted aryl; and b ³ can be , wherein m can be 2 or 3; nl, n2, n3 or n4 can be independently 1 or 2; and a ¹ can be H or CH3; and provided that a compound of Formula (Bl) cannot be a compound where b ¹ and b ⁵ are CF, b ² and b ⁴ are each and b ³ is , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, b ⁸ can be a substituted C ₁ - ₆ alkyl. In other embodiments, b ⁸ can be an unsubstituted C ₁ - ₆ alkyl. In still other embodiments, b ⁸ can be a substituted cycloalkyl. In yet still other embodiments, b ⁸ can be an unsubstituted cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, the cycloalkyl can be a monocyclic cycloalkyl, such as a monocyclic C3-8 cycloalkyl. In some embodiments, b ⁸ can be a substituted aryl. In other embodiments, b ⁸ can be an unsubstituted aryl. An example of a suitable aryl is phenyl. In some embodiments, b ¹ can be Cb ⁸ ; b ² can be Cb ⁹ ; b ⁴ can be Cb ¹⁰ ; and b ⁵ can be Cb ¹¹ . In other embodiments, at least one of b ¹ , b ² , b ⁴ and b ⁵ can be N. In some embodiments, b ³ can be In other embodiments, b ³ can be -0-(CH ₂ ) _2- N(a ¹ )[(CH ₂ ) _m- F]. In still other embodiments, b ³ can be . In yet still other embodiments, b ³ can be . In some embodiments, b ³ can be

[0119] A non-limiting list of SERD and SERM inhibitors are described herein, and include those provided in Figures 1 and 2. Additional SERD and/or SERM inhibitors are provided in WO 95/12383, WO 96/19997, WO 97/21440, WO 97/37653, WO 97/40823, WO 98/11902, WO 2004/058682, WO 2012/037410, WO 2014/130310, WO 2014/191726, WO 2016/097071, WO 2016/097072, WO 2016/196337, WO 2016/19634, WO 2016/202161, WO 2017/059139, WO 2017/080338, WO 2017/100712, WO 2017/100715, WO

2017/107754, WO 2017/136688, WO 2017/172957, WO 2017/182493, WO 2017/182495, WO 2017/216279, WO 2017/216280, WO 2018/001232, WO 2018/019793, WO

2018/077260, WO 2018/081168, WO 2018/091153, WO 2018/102725, WO 2018/130123, WO 2018/130124, WO 2018/138303, WO 2018/148576, WO 2019/066692, WO 2019/223715, WO 2017/059139, U.S. 2020/0017516, US 2018/0072711 and WO 2020/014440, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference for the limited purpose of their disclosure of compounds that are SERD and/or SERM inhibitors.

[0120] Examples of Compound (A) include the following:

acceptable salt of any of any of the foregoing.

[0121] Compound (A), along with pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be prepared as described herein and in WO 2019/173082, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. As described in WO 2019/173082, Compound (A) is a WEE1 inhibitor.

[0122] Embodiments of combinations of Compound (A) and Compound (B), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of any of the foregoing, are provided in Table 1. The numbers in Table 1 represent a compound as provided in Figures 1-3. For example, in Table 1, a combination represented by 1:5A corresponds to a combination of fulvestrant and , including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of any of the foregoing.

Table 1

[0123] The order of administration of compounds in a combination described herein can vary. In some embodiments, Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be administered prior to all of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In other embodiments, Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be administered prior to at least one Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In still other embodiments, Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be administered concomitantly with Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In yet still other embodiments, Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be administered subsequent to the administration of at least one Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some embodiments, Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be administered subsequent to the administration of all Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0124] There may be several advantages for using a combination of compounds described herein. For example, combining compounds that attack multiple pathways at the same time, can be more effective in treating a cancer, such as those described herein, compared to when the compounds of combination are used as monotherapy.

[0125] In some embodiments, a combination as described herein of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and one or more of Compound (B), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can decrease the number and/or severity of side effects that can be attributed to a compound described herein, such as Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0126] Using a combination of compounds described herein can results in additive, synergistic or strongly synergistic effect. A combination of compounds described herein can result in an effect that is not antagonistic.

[0127] In some embodiments, a combination as described herein of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and one or more of Compound (B), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can result in an additive effect. In some embodiments, a combination as described herein of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and one or more of Compound (B), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can result in a synergistic effect. In some embodiments, a combination as described herein of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and one or more of Compound (B), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can result in a strongly synergistic effect. In some embodiments, a combination as described herein of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and one or more of Compound (B), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, is not antagonistic.

[0128] As used herein, the term “antagonistic” means that the activity of the combination of compounds is less compared to the sum of the activities of the compounds in combination when the activity of each compound is determined individually (i.e., as a single compound). As used herein, the term “synergistic effect” means that the activity of the combination of compounds is greater than the sum of the individual activities of the compounds in the combination when the activity of each compound is determined individually. As used herein, the term “additive effect” means that the activity of the combination of compounds is about equal to the sum of the individual activities of the compounds in the combination when the activity of each compound is determined individually.

[0129] A potential advantage of utilizing a combination as described herein may be a reduction in the required amount(s) of the compound(s) that is effective in treating a disease condition disclosed herein compared to when each compound is administered as a monotherapy. For example, the amount of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, used in a combination described herein can be less compared to the amount of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, needed to achieve the same reduction in a disease marker (for example, tumor size) when administered as a monotherapy. Another potential advantage of utilizing a combination as described herein is that the use of two or more compounds having different mechanisms of action can create a higher barrier to the development of resistance compared to when a compound is administered as monotherapy. Additional advantages of utilizing a combination as described herein may include little to no cross resistance between the compounds of a combination described herein; different routes for elimination of the compounds of a combination described herein; and/or little to no overlapping toxicities between the compounds of a combination described herein.

Pharmaceutical Compositions

[0130] Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be provided in a pharmaceutical composition. Likewise, Compound (B), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be provided in a pharmaceutical composition. [0131] The term “pharmaceutical composition” refers to a mixture of one or more compounds and/or salts disclosed herein with other chemical components, such as diluents, carriers and/or excipients. The pharmaceutical composition facilitates administration of the compound to an organism. Pharmaceutical compositions can also be obtained by reacting compounds with inorganic or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and salicylic acid. Pharmaceutical compositions will generally be tailored to the specific intended route of administration.

[0132] As used herein, a “carrier” refers to a compound that facilitates the incorporation of a compound into cells or tissues. For example, without limitation, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a commonly utilized carrier that facilitates the uptake of many organic compounds into cells or tissues of a subject.

[0133] As used herein, a “diluent” refers to an ingredient in a pharmaceutical composition that lacks appreciable pharmacological activity but may be pharmaceutically necessary or desirable. For example, a diluent may be used to increase the bulk of a potent drug whose mass is too small for manufacture and/or administration. It may also be a liquid for the dissolution of a drug to be administered by injection, ingestion or inhalation. A common form of diluent in the art is a buffered aqueous solution such as, without limitation, phosphate buffered saline that mimics the pH and isotonicity of human blood.

[0134] As used herein, an “excipient” refers to an essentially inert substance that is added to a pharmaceutical composition to provide, without limitation, bulk, consistency, stability, binding ability, lubrication, disintegrating ability etc., to the composition. For example, stabilizers such as anti-oxidants and metal-chelating agents are excipients. In an embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises an anti-oxidant and/or a metal-chelating agent. A “diluent” is a type of excipient.

[0135] In some embodiments, Compounds (B), along with pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be provided in a pharmaceutical composition that includes Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. In other embodiments, Compound (B), along with pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be administered in a pharmaceutical composition that is separate from a pharmaceutical composition that includes Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. [0136] The pharmaceutical compositions described herein can be administered to a human patient per se, or in pharmaceutical compositions where they are mixed with other active ingredients, as in combination therapy, or carriers, diluents, excipients or combinations thereof. Proper formulation is dependent upon the route of administration chosen. Techniques for formulation and administration of the compounds described herein are known to those skilled in the art.

[0137] The pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein may be manufactured in a manner that is itself known, e.g., by means of conventional mixing, dissolving, granulating, dragee-making, levigating, emulsifying, encapsulating, entrapping or tableting processes. Additionally, the active ingredients are contained in an amount effective to achieve its intended purpose. Many of the compounds used in the pharmaceutical combinations disclosed herein may be provided as salts with pharmaceutically compatible counterions.

[0138] Multiple techniques of administering a compound, salt and/or composition exist in the art including, but not limited to, oral, rectal, pulmonary, topical, aerosol, injection, infusion and parenteral delivery, including intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramedullary injections, intrathecal, direct intraventricular, intraperitoneal, intranasal and intraocular injections. In some embodiments, Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be administered orally. In some embodiments, Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be provided to a subject by the same route of administration as Compound (B), along with pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. In other embodiments, Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, can be provided to a subject by a different route of administration as Compound (B), along with pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

[0139] One may also administer the compound, salt and/or composition in a local rather than systemic manner, for example, via injection or implantation of the compound directly into the affected area, often in a depot or sustained release formulation. Furthermore, one may administer the compound in a targeted drug delivery system, for example, in a liposome coated with a tissue-specific antibody. The liposomes will be targeted to and taken up selectively by the organ. For example, intranasal or pulmonary delivery to target a respiratory disease or condition may be desirable. [0140] The compositions may, if desired, be presented in a pack or dispenser device which may contain one or more unit dosage forms containing the active ingredient. The pack may for example comprise metal or plastic foil, such as a blister pack. The pack or dispenser device may be accompanied by instructions for administration. The pack or dispenser may also be accompanied with a notice associated with the container in form prescribed by a governmental agency regulating the manufacture, use, or sale of pharmaceuticals, which notice is reflective of approval by the agency of the form of the drug for human or veterinary administration. Such notice, for example, may be the labeling approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for prescription drugs, or the approved product insert. Compositions that can include a compound and/or salt described herein formulated in a compatible pharmaceutical carrier may also be prepared, placed in an appropriate container, and labeled for treatment of an indicated condition.

Uses and Methods of Treatment

[0141] As provided herein, in some embodiments, a combination of compounds that includes an effective amount of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be used to treat a disease or condition.

[0142] In some embodiments, the disease or condition can be selected from a breast cancer, a cervical cancer, an ovarian cancer, an uterine cancer, a vaginal cancer, a vulvar cancer, a brain cancer, a cervicocerebral cancer, an esophageal cancer, a thyroid cancer, a small cell cancer, a non-small cell cancer, a lung cancer , a stomach cancer, a gallbladder/bile duct cancer, a liver cancer, a pancreatic cancer, a colon cancer, a rectal cancer, a choriocarcinoma, an uterus body cancer, an uterocervical cancer, a renal pelvis/ureter cancer, a bladder cancer, a prostate cancer, a penis cancer, a testicular cancer, a fetal cancer, a Wilms' cancer, a skin cancer, a malignant melanoma, a neuroblastoma, an osteosarcoma, an Ewing's tumor, a soft part sarcoma, an acute leukemia, a chronic lymphatic leukemia, a chronic myelocytic leukemia, polycythemia vera, a malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, a Hodgkin's lymphoma, and a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In other embodiments, the disease or condition can be selected from a breast cancer, a cervical cancer, an ovarian cancer, an uterine cancer, a vaginal cancer, and a vulvar cancer. [0143] As used herein, a “subject” refers to an animal that is the object of treatment, observation or experiment. “Animal” includes cold- and warm-blooded vertebrates and invertebrates such as fish, shellfish, reptiles and, in particular, mammals. “Mammal” includes, without limitation, mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, dogs, cats, sheep, goats, cows, horses, primates, such as monkeys, chimpanzees, and apes, and, in particular, humans. In some embodiments, the subject can be human. In some embodiments, the subject can be a child and/or an infant, for example, a child or infant with a fever. In other embodiments, the subject can be an adult.

[0144] As used herein, the terms “treat,” “treating,” “treatment,” “therapeutic,” and “therapy” do not necessarily mean total cure or abolition of the disease or condition. Any alleviation of any undesired signs or symptoms of the disease or condition, to any extent can be considered treatment and/or therapy. Furthermore, treatment may include acts that may worsen the subject’s overall feeling of well-being or appearance.

[0145] The term “effective amount” is used to indicate an amount of an active compound, or pharmaceutical agent, that elicits the biological or medicinal response indicated. For example, an effective amount of compound, salt or composition can be the amount needed to prevent, alleviate or ameliorate symptoms of the disease or condition, or prolong the survival of the subject being treated. This response may occur in a tissue, system, animal or human and includes alleviation of the signs or symptoms of the disease or condition being treated. Determination of an effective amount is well within the capability of those skilled in the art, in view of the disclosure provided herein. The effective amount of the compounds disclosed herein required as a dose will depend on the route of administration, the type of animal, including human, being treated and the physical characteristics of the specific animal under consideration. The dose can be tailored to achieve a desired effect, but will depend on such factors as weight, diet, concurrent medication and other factors which those skilled in the medical arts will recognize.

[0146] For example, an effective amount of a compound, or radiation, is the amount that results in: (a) the reduction, alleviation or disappearance of one or more symptoms caused by the cancer, (b) the reduction of tumor size, (c) the elimination of the tumor, and/or (d) long-term disease stabilization (growth arrest) of the tumor. [0147] Various types of breast cancer are known. In some embodiments, the breast cancer can be ER positive breast cancer. In some embodiments, the breast cancer can be ER positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. In some embodiments, the breast cancer can be local breast cancer (as used herein, “local” breast cancer means the cancer has not spread to other areas of the body). In other embodiments, the breast cancer can be metastatic breast cancer. A subject can have a breast cancer that has not been previously treated.

[0148] In some cases, following breast cancer treatment, a subject can relapse or have reoccurrence of breast cancer. As used herein, the terms “relapse” and “reoccurrence” are used in their normal sense as understood by those skilled in the art. Thus, the breast cancer can be recurrent breast cancer. In some embodiments, the subject has relapsed after a previous treatment for breast cancer. For example, the subject has relapsed after receiving one or more treatments with a SERM, a SERD and/or aromatase inhibitor, such as those described herein.

[0149] Within ESR1, several amino acid mutations have been identified. Mutations in ESR1 have been proposed as playing a role in resistance. There are several therapies for inhibiting estrogen receptors, including selective ER modulators (SERM), selective ER degraders (SERD) and aromatase inhibitors. One issue that can arise from the aforementioned cancer therapies is the development of resistance to the cancer therapy. Acquired resistance to cancer therapy, such as endocrine therapy, has been noted in nearly one-third of women treated with tamoxifen and other endocrine therapies. See Alluri et ah, “Estrogen receptor mutations and their role in breast cancer progression” Breast Cancer Research (2014) 16:494. Researchers have suspected mutations in the estrogen receptor as one of the reasons for acquired resistance to cancer therapy, such as endocrine therapy. Thus, there is a need for compounds that can treat breast cancer wherein the cancer has one or more mutations within ESR1.

[0150] Some embodiments disclosed herein are relate to the use of a combination of compounds that includes an effective amount of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture for a medicament for treating breast cancer in a subject in need thereof, wherein the breast cancer has at least one point mutation within the Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) that encodes Estrogen receptor alpha (E Rα). Other embodiments relate herein are directed to the use of a combination of compounds that includes an effective amount of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for treating breast cancer in a subject in need thereof, wherein the breast cancer has at least one point mutation within the Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) that encodes Estrogen receptor alpha (ERoc). Still other embodiments disclosed herein are relate to a method of treating breast cancer in a subject in need thereof with a combination of compounds that includes an effective amount of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the breast cancer has at least one point mutation within the Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) that encodes Estrogen receptor alpha (ERoc).

[0151] In some embodiments, the mutation can be in the ligand binding domain (LBD) of ESR1. In some embodiments, one or more mutations can be at an amino acid selected from: A593, S576, G557, R555, L549, A546, E542, L540, D538, Y537, L536, P535, V534, V533, N532, K531, C530, H524, E523, M522, R503, L497, K481, V478, R477, E471, S463, F461, S432, G420, V418, D411, L466, S463, L453, G442, M437, M421, M396, V392, M388, E380, G344, S338, L370, S329, K303, A283, S282, E279, G274, K252, R233, P222, G160, N156, P147, G145, F97, N69, A65, A58 and S47. In some embodiments, one or more mutations can be at an amino acid selected from: D538, Y537, L536, P535, V534, S463, V392 and E380. In some embodiments, one or more mutations can be at an amino acid selected from: D538 and Y537.

[0152] In some embodiments, one or more mutations can be selected from: K303R, D538G, Y537S, E380Q, Y537C, Y537N, A283V, A546D, A546T, A58T, A593D, A65V, C530L, D411H, E279V, E471D, E471V, E523Q, E542G, F461V, F97L, G145D, G160D, G274R, G344D, G420D, G442R, G557R, H524L, K252N, K481N, K531E, L370F, L453F, L466Q, L497R, L536H, L536P, L536Q, L536R, L540Q, L549P, M388L, M396V, M421V, M437I, M522I, N156T, N532K, N69K, P147Q, P222S, P535H, R233G, R477Q, R503W, R555H, S282C, S329Y, S338G, S432L, S463P, S47T, S576L, V392I, V418E, V478L, V533M, V534E, Y537D and Y537H.

[0153] Some embodiments disclosed herein are relate to the use of a combination of compounds that includes an effective amount of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture for a medicament for treating breast cancer in a subject in need thereof, wherein the breast cancer does not include at least one point mutation (for example, a point mutation within the Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) that encodes Estrogen receptor alpha (ERoc)). Other embodiments relate herein are directed to the use of a combination of compounds that includes an effective amount of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for treating breast cancer in a subject in need thereof, wherein the breast cancer does not include has at least one point mutation, such as a point mutation within the Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) that encodes Estrogen receptor alpha (ERoc). Still other embodiments disclosed herein are relate to a method of treating breast cancer in a subject in need thereof with a combination of compounds that includes an effective amount of Compound (A), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and an effective amount of one or more of Compound (B), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the breast cancer does not include has at least one point mutation within the Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) that encodes Estrogen receptor alpha (ERoc) (for example, a point mutation within the Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) that encodes Estrogen receptor alpha (ERoc)).

[0154] As provided herein, several studies have shown that a potential cause of resistance in ER-positive breast cancer is due to acquired mutations in ESR1 due to endocrine therapy. In some embodiments, the subject had been previously treated with one or more selective ER modulators. For example, subject had been treated previously with one or more selected ER modulators selected from tamoxifen, raloxifene, ospemifene, bazedoxifene, toremifene and lasofoxifene, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the subject had been treated previously with one or more selective ER degraders, such as fulvestrant, (E)-3-[3,5-Difluoro-4-[(lR,3R)-2-(2-fluoro-2-methylpropyl)-3 - methyl-l,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrido[3,4-b]indol-l-yl]phenyl]prop -2-enoic acid (AZD9496), (R)-6- (2-(ethyl(4-(2-(ethylamino)ethyl)benzyl)amino)-4-methoxyphen yl)-5, 6,7,8- tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol (elacestrant, RAD1901), (E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-l- (lH-indazol-5-yl)but-l-en-l-yl)phenyl)acrylic acid (Brilanestrant, ARN-810, GDC-0810), (E)-3- (4-((2-(2-(l,l-difluoroethyl)-4-fluorophenyl)-6-hydroxybenzo [b]thiophen-3- yl)oxy)phenyl)acrylic acid (LSZ102), (E)-N,N-dimethyl-4-((2-((5-((Z)-4,4,4-trifluoro-l-(3- fluoro-lH-indazol-5-yl)-2-phenylbut-l-en-l-yl)pyridin-2-yl)o xy)ethyl)amino)but-2-enamide (H3B-6545), (E)-3-(4-((2-(4-fluoro-2,6-dimethylbenzoyl)-6-hydroxybenzo[b ]thiophen-3- yl)oxy)phenyl)acrylic acid (rintodestrant, G1T48), D-0502, SHR9549, ARV-471, 3-((lR,3R)-l- (2,6-difluoro-4-((l-(3-fluoropropyl)azetidin-3-yl)amino)phen yl)-3-methyl-l,3,4,9-tetrahydro- 2H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-2-yl)-2,2-difluoropropan-l-ol (giredestrant, GDC-9545), (S)-8-(2,4- dichlorophenyl)-9-(4-((l-(3-fluoropropyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)oxy )phenyl)-6,7-dihydro-5H- benzo[7]annulene-3-carboxylic acid (SAR439859), N-[l-(3-fluoropropyl)azetidin-3-yl]-6- [(6S,8R)-8-methyl-7-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydr o-3H-pyrazolo[4,3-f]isoquinolin-6- yl]pyridin-3-amine (AZD9833), OP- 1250 and LY3484356, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the subject had been treated previously with one or more aromatase inhibitors. The aromatase inhibitors can be a steroidal aromatase inhibitor or a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor. For example, the one or more aromatase inhibitors can be selected from (exemestane (steroidal aromatase inhibitor), testolactone (steroidal aromatase inhibitor); anastazole (non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor) and letrazole (non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor), including pharmaceutically acceptable salts of any of the foregoing.

[0155] In some embodiments, the breast cancer can be present in subject, wherein the subject can be a woman. As women approach middle-age, a woman can be in a stage of menopause. In some embodiments, the subject can be a premenopausal woman. In other embodiments, the subject can be a perimenopausal woman. In still other embodiments, the subject can be a menopausal woman. In yet still other embodiments, the subject can be a postmenopausal woman. In other embodiments, the breast cancer can be present in a subject, wherein the subject can be a man. The serum estradiol level of the subject can vary. In some embodiments, the serum estradiol level (E2) of the subject can be in the range of >15 pg/mL to 350 pg/mL. In other embodiments, the serum estradiol level (E2) of the subject can be < 15 pg/mL. In other embodiments, the serum estradiol level (E2) of the subject can be < 10 pg/mL.

[0156] The amount of compound, salt and/or composition required for use in treatment will vary not only with the particular compound or salt selected but also with the route of administration, the nature and/or symptoms of the disease or condition being treated and the age and condition of the patient and will be ultimately at the discretion of the attendant physician or clinician. In cases of administration of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, dosages may be calculated as the free base. As will be understood by those of skill in the art, in certain situations it may be necessary to administer the compounds disclosed herein in amounts that exceed, or even far exceed, the dosage ranges described herein in order to effectively and aggressively treat particularly aggressive diseases or conditions.

[0157] As will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, the useful in vivo dosage to be administered and the particular mode of administration will vary depending upon the age, weight, the severity of the affliction, the mammalian species treated, the particular compounds employed and the specific use for which these compounds are employed. The determination of effective dosage levels, that is the dosage levels necessary to achieve the desired result, can be accomplished by one skilled in the art using routine methods, for example, human clinical trials, in vivo studies and in vitro studies. For example, useful dosages of compounds (A) and/or (B), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of any of the foregoing, can be determined by comparing their in vitro activity, and in vivo activity in animal models. Such comparison can be done by comparison against an established drug, such as cisplatin and/or gemcitabine)

[0158] Dosage amount and interval may be adjusted individually to provide plasma levels of the active moiety which are sufficient to maintain the modulating effects, or minimal effective concentration (MEC). The MEC will vary for each compound but can be estimated from in vivo and/or in vitro data. Dosages necessary to achieve the MEC will depend on individual characteristics and route of administration. However, HPLC assays or bioassays can be used to determine plasma concentrations. Dosage intervals can also be determined using MEC value. Compositions should be administered using a regimen which maintains plasma levels above the MEC for 10-90% of the time, preferably between 30-90% and most preferably between 50-90%. In cases of local administration or selective uptake, the effective local concentration of the drug may not be related to plasma concentration.

[0159] It should be noted that the attending physician would know how to and when to terminate, interrupt or adjust administration due to toxicity or organ dysfunctions. Conversely, the attending physician would also know to adjust treatment to higher levels if the clinical response were not adequate (precluding toxicity). The magnitude of an administrated dose in the management of the disorder of interest will vary with the severity of the disease or condition to be treated and to the route of administration. The severity of the disease or condition may, for example, be evaluated, in part, by standard prognostic evaluation methods. Further, the dose and perhaps dose frequency, will also vary according to the age, body weight and response of the individual patient. A program comparable to that discussed above may be used in veterinary medicine.

[0160] Compounds, salts and compositions disclosed herein can be evaluated for efficacy and toxicity using known methods. For example, the toxicology of a particular compound, or of a subset of the compounds, sharing certain chemical moieties, may be established by determining in vitro toxicity towards a cell line, such as a mammalian, and preferably human, cell line. The results of such studies are often predictive of toxicity in animals, such as mammals, or more specifically, humans. Alternatively, the toxicity of particular compounds in an animal model, such as mice, rats, rabbits, dogs or monkeys, may be determined using known methods. The efficacy of a particular compound may be established using several recognized methods, such as in vitro methods, animal models, or human clinical trials. When selecting a model to determine efficacy, the skilled artisan can be guided by the state of the art to choose an appropriate model, dose, route of administration and/or regime.

EXAMPLES

[0161] Additional embodiments are disclosed in further detail in the following examples, which are not in any way intended to limit the scope of the claims.

Xenograft Tumor Model

[0162] MCF-7 breast cancer tumor cells were cultured in vitro in DMEM Medium supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum at 37°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air. The cells growing in an exponential growth phase were harvested and counted for tumor inoculation. BALB/c nude mice were implanted subcutaneously on the 2 ^nd right mammary fat pad with MCF- 7 tumor cells (1.5x10 ⁷ ) in IOOmI DMEM:Matrigel (1:1). When tumors reached approximately 184 mm ³ , animals were randomly distributed into treatment groups of 8 animals each and dosed orally, daily with vehicle. Compound (1A) at 80 mg/kg, Compound 3 at 30 mg/kg, Compound 11 at 1 mg/kg and Compound 13 at 5 mg/kg for single agent treatment groups. In the combination treatment groups, Compound (1A) was dosed at 80 mg/kg with Compound 3 at 30 mg/kg or with Compound 11 at 1 mg/kg or with Compound 13 at 5 mg/kg for the durations shown in Figures 4-6. In addition, estradiol benzoate injections were delivered by s.c. (40 mg/ 20 pL, twice weekly). In addition, estradiol benzoate injections were delivered by s.c. (40 mg/ 20 pL, twice weekly). Tumor volumes were evaluated twice per week to calculate tumor volume over time, and mice were weighed twice per week as a surrogate for signs of toxicity. Tumor growth inhibition (TGI) was calculated using the following equation TGI= (l-(Td - TO) / (Cd - CO)) x 100%. Td and Cd are the mean tumor volumes of the treated and control animals, and TO and CO are the mean tumor volumes of the treated and control animals at the start of the experiment.

[0163] As shown in Figure 4, Compound (1A) at 80 mg/kg and Compound 11 exhibited antitumor activity with TGI values of 152.5%. and 133.5% respectively. In Figure 4, the top line (circles) represents the data for the Vehicle, and the second from the bottom line (circles) represents the data for Compound (1A) (80 mg/kg). Compound (1A) at 80 mg/kg in combination with Compound 11 at 1 mg/kg, showed significant antitumor activity with a TGI of 174%.

[0164] As shown in Figure 5, Compound (1A) at 80 mg/kg and Compound 13 exhibited antitumor activity with TGI values of 152.5%. and 133% respectively. In Figure 5, the top line (circles) represents the data for the Vehicle, and the second from the bottom line (circles) represents the data for Compound (1A) (80 mg/kg). Compound (1A) at 80 mg/kg in combination with Compound 13 at 5 mg/kg, showed significant antitumor activity with a TGI of 169.5%.

[0165] As shown in Figure 6, Compound (1A) at 80 mg/kg and Compound 3 exhibited antitumor activity with TGI values of 152.5%. and 120.5% respectively. In Figure 5, the top line (circles) represents the data for the Vehicle, and the second from the bottom line (circles) represents the data for Compound (1A) (80 mg/kg). Compound (1A) at 80 mg/kg in combination with Compound 3 at 30 mg/kg, showed significant antitumor activity with a TGI of 169%. The data provided herein demonstrates that a combination of a WEE1 inhibitor and a SERD/SERM inhibitor described herein can be used to treat a disease or condition described herein. Table 2 provides the antitumor activity of different treatment groups at Day 28.

Table 2

[0166] Furthermore, although the foregoing has been described in some detail by way of illustrations and examples for purposes of clarity and understanding, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that numerous and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be clearly understood that the forms disclosed herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, but rather to also cover all modification and alternatives coming with the true scope and spirit of the disclosure.