FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a communication device and in particular to a radio communication device for enabling communication amongst multiple users in sport related applications,

BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION

There are many devices which exist for facilitating communication between users, for example, two way General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS) radio communication devices provided by Uniden™ and conventional smart-phone devices. However, problems arise when such devices are exposed to harsh and/or versatile environments such as those exhibited by some sporting activities. Extreme environmentai and application specific conditions can cause equipment failure for devices not equipped or designed to handle such conditions, leading to costly repairs or replacement of the device. Many communication devices are not designed for such conditions or to have versatility in application through the handling of various extreme environments.

For example, existing radio communication devices are either unsuitable for rough physical sports related conditions and/ or non-versatile and cannot accommodate a number of different sporting applications. For example, the Maxon™ 49-EA and 49- F5 communicators are not sufficiently durabte or waterproof for a number of sporting applications. Numerous waterproof two way radios are known such as Uniden™ GMRS and UHF CB radios but they are not sufficiently compact or built for extreme conditions associated with some sporting activities limiting the versatility of these devices.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved or alternative communication device that is suitable and versatile for sporting applications, or to at least provide the public with a useful choice. In this specification where reference has been made to patent specifications, other external documents, or other sources of information, this is generally for the purpose of providing a context for discussing the features of the invention. Unless specifically stated otherwise, reference to such external documents is not to be construed as an admission that such documents, or such sources of information, in any jurisdiction, are prior art, or form part of the common general knowledge in the art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In a first aspect the invention may broadly be said to consist of in a portable communication device for use in sporting activities, the device comprising :

a waterproof housing having retained therein :

a radio signal receiver configured to receive radio signals from a transmission source,

a radio signal transmitter configured to transmit radio signals to a destination receiver, and

a power supply for supplying electrical energy,

an antenna operattvely coupled to the radio signal receiver and the radio signal transmitter for receiving and transmitting radio signals respectively, and

one or more electroacoustic transducers operattvely coupled to the receiver and configured to convert an electronic signal indicative of a received radio signal into an audio signal detectable by a user of the device, and operattvely coupled to the transmitter and configured to convert an audio signal generated by the user into an electronic signal for transmission.

Preferably the housing is substantially compact and sized to fit within a pocket of a user's garment. Preferably the device further comprises an electronic visual display provided with a surface of the housing and configured to present a graphical user interface (GUI) to the user for operating the device. Preferably the electronic visual display is an active matrix display. Preferably the dispiay is a substantially low power consumption display configured to retain a visible image on the display without supply of power to the display. Preferably the display is an electrophoretic ink or electronic paper type g raphical display.

Preferably the device further comprises a microprocessor or field programmable gate array (FPGA) ci rcuit and a memory element retained within the housing, the microprocessor or FPGA being electronically coupled to the display and configured to execute GUI software stored in the memory element. Preferably the GUI software is executable to output operational information to the user via the dispiay. Preferably the GUI software is executable to output operational instructions via the display to help the user configure and/or operate the device.

Preferably the software is executable to output operational information depending on an operational status of the device and/or depending on input data indicative of a user request. Preferably the operational information may be any one or more of an operation condition or status of device and/or operational instruction(s). For example, the software may output operationaf instructions for powering the device via the display when the status of the device is off. The software may output operational instructions for channel scanning and/or changing a channel when the user requests such information.

Preferably the device further comprises one or more user inputs to enable a user to interact with the GUI software executable by the microprocessor or FPGA to control or configure the operation of the device or both. Preferably the microprocessor or FPGA is electronically coupled to the one or more user inputs and to the display to configure or control operation of the display based on the user's operation of the user inputs. Preferably the radio signal receiver and the radio signal transmitter are combined in a signal radio signal transceiver. Preferably the microprocessor or FPGA is electronically coupled to the one or more user inputs and to the radio transceiver to configure or control operation of the transceiver based on the user's operation of the user inputs.

Preferably the transceiver is configured to operate within an operable frequency range below approximately 1,000 MHz, more preferably within an operable frequency range of between approximately 300 to 950 MHz, even more preferably below approximately 700 MHz, and most preferably within an operable frequency range of between approximately 400 to 480 MHz.

Preferably the radio signal transceiver is configurable or programmable to operate within a predetermined frequency range within the operable frequency range. For example, the radio signal transceiver is programmable to operate within one of multiple preset frequency ranges within the operable frequency range. Preferably the radio signal transceiver is programmable to operate within one of multiple license free frequency ranges within the operable frequency range. For example, the transceiver may be programmable to operate within any one of the following license free frequency ranges: approximately 476,425 to 477.4125 MHz in Australia, or approximately 462,55 to 472.725 MHz or 467.55 to 467.725 MHz in Canada and United States, or approximately 446.0 to 446.1 MHz in Europe.

Preferably the eiectroacoustic transducers comprise a speaker and a microphone.

Preferably the radio signal transceiver comprises a signal processing module coupled to the microphone and speaker and an input/output module coupled between the antenna and the signal processing stage.

Preferably the signal processing module comprises a processing component configured to perform digital signal processing for processing a radio signal received by the antenna into a received signal to be supplied to the speaker, and for processing an electronic signal received from the microphone into a transmission signal to be supplied to the antenna for transmission.

Preferably the signal processing module further comprises an analogue to digital converter electronically coupled at an input to the microphone and at an output to the processing component for converting a received analogue signal indicative of an audio signal generated by the user into a digital signal.

Preferably the signal processing module further comprises a digital to analogue converter electronically coupled at a input to the processing component and at an output to the speaker for converting a received digital signal indicative of a signal received by the antenna into an analogue signal.

Preferably the signal processing module comprises a digital signal processor configured to modulate and demodulate signals during transmission and reception respectively.

Preferably the digital signal processor is configured to modulate a signal during transmission using a narrowband FM modulation technique. Preferably the FM modulation technique utilizes phase shift keying, more preferably 16K phase shift keying. Preferably the digitai signal processor utilizes a difect digital synthesizer (DDS) for modulating a signal during transmission.

Preferably the digital signal processor is configured to demodulate a received signal using a zero frequency intermediate frequency (IF) technique. Preferably the digital signal processor is configured to demodulate the received signal via direct digital conversion using In-phase and Quadrature (IQ) components of the received signal.

Preferably the signal processing module comprises a single Integrated Circuit (IC) component.

Preferably the input/output module comprises a power amplifier coupled to the output of the signal processing stage. Preferably the input/output module comprises an antenna switch coupled to the output of the power amplifier and to the antenna .

Preferably the input/output module comprises a iow noise amplifier coupled at an input to a receive output of the antenna switch and at an output to a receiver input of the signal processing module.

Preferably the input/output module is implemented a single IC component

Preferably the microphone is a bone conduction transducer,

Preferably the device comprises an audio interface external to the housing for delivering and receiving audio signals to and from the user from and to the speaker and microphone respectively. Preferably the audio interface is waterproof. Preferably the speaker and microphone are housed within the audio interface. Preferably the audio interface comprises an earpiece insertabie into an ear of the user.

In some embodiments the audio interface comprises an earpiece clip configured to couple about a user's ear for securely holding the earpiece in the user's ear. Preferably the speaker arid microphone are operattvely coupled to radio signal transceiver via cable. Preferably the cable is hard wired to the speaker and microphone and to the transceiver.

Alternatively the speaker and microphone are wirelessly coupled to the transceiver,

In the preferred embodiment the audio interface fu rther comprises a switch operable by the user to select the direction of signal transmission through the cable. Preferably the switch is waterproof. Preferably the switch is sized and configured to be operated by a user wearing gloves.

Preferably the microprocessor or FPGA is electronically coupled to the one or more user inputs and to the microphone and/or the speaker to configure or control operation of the microphone and/or the speaker based on the user's operation of the user inputs.

Preferably the device is substantially buoyant. Preferably the housing is substantially robust.

Preferably the antenna is entirely contained within the housing .

In a second aspect the invention may broadly be said to consist of a system for multiple users to communicate during a sporting activity comprising a plurality of communication devices, each device comprising :

a waterproof housing having retained therein :

a radio signal receiver configured to receive radio signals from one or more other communication devices,

a radio signal transmitter configured to transmit radio signals to one or more other communication devices, and

a power supply for supplying electrical energy,

an antenna operative!y coupled to the radio signal receiver and the radio signal transmitter for receiving and transmitting radio signals respectively, and

one or more electroacoustic transducers operattvely coupled to the receiver and configured to convert an electronic signal indicative of a received radio signal into an audio signal detectable by a user of the device, and operattvely coupled to the transmitter and configured to convert an audio signal generated by the user into an electronic signal for transmission. Any one or more of the above embodiments or preferred features can be combined with any one or more of the above aspects,

The term ^w comprising" as used in this specification and claims means "consisting at least in part of. When interpreting each statement in this specification and claims that includes the term "comprising", features other than that or those prefaced by the term may also be present. Related terms such as "comprise" and "comprises" are to be interpreted in the same manner. The term "microphone" as used in this specification and claims means an eiectric to acoustic transducer and is not intended to be limited to the medium through which vibration/acoustic waves received by the microphone traverse, unless otherwise specified. For example, both bone conduction and air conduction electric to acoustic transducers are encompassed by the definition of the term "microphone".

The term "speaker" as used in this specification and claims means an acoustic to electric transducer and is not intended to be limited to the medium through which vibration/acoustic waves produced by the speaker traverse, unless otherwise specified. For example, both bone conduction and air conduction acoustic to electric transducers are encompassed by the definition of the term "speaker".

Number Ranges

it is intended that reference to a rang of numbers disclosed herein (for example, 1 to 10) aiso incorporates reference to all rationai numbers within that range (for example, i, 1.1, 2, 3, 3.9, 4, 5, 6, 6.5, 7, 8, 9 and 10) and also any range of rational numbers within that range (for exampie, 2 to 8, 1.5 to 5.5 and 3.1 to 4.7) and, therefore, all sub-ranges of afi ranges expressly disclosed herein are hereby expressly disclosed. These are only examples of what is specifically intended and ail possibl combinations of numerical values between the lowest value and the highest value enumerated are to be considered to be expressly stated in this application in a similar manner.

As used herein the term "and/or" means "and" or "or", or both. As used herein ^K (s)" following a noun means the plural and/or singular forms of the noun. The invention consists in the foregoing and also envisages constructions of which the following gives examples only.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described by way of example oniy and with reference to the drawings, in which :

Figure 1 is a front perspective view of communications unit connected to an audio interface member by a cord in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention ;

Figure 2a is a side view of the communications unit of Figure 1 ;

Figure 2b is a rear view of the communications unit of Figu re 1 ;

Figure 3 is front perspective view of the communications unit and audio interface member of Figure ί being used with a life vest in a water activity;

Figures 4a and 4b are front perspective views of the communications unit coupled to the arm of a user during a sporting activity;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the communications unit and audio interface member of Figure 1 being used in a water sporting activity, the communications unit being used to train multiple users;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the communications unit and audio interface member of Figure I being used in a water sporting activity, the communications unit being used to converse between multiple users;

Figure 7 is a block diagram showing the components of the electronic circuit of the preferred form communication device of the invention; and

Figure S is a front view of a preferred form communication device of the invention showing a user interface screen on the display of the device;

Figures 9a and 9b show user interface screen examples in a powered off state of the device in English and Chinese languages respectively; Figures iOa and 10b show user interface screen examples in a configuration/help state of the device in English and Chinese fanguages respectively,

Figure 11 shows various user interface screen examples in various configuration states of the device; and Figures 12a and 12b show user interface screen examples during communication states of the device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

1, Overview of Device Referring to figure i _; a communication device 100 is shown comprising a portable and compact communications unit 102 and an audio interface 104. The communications unit 102 interacts with the audio interface 104 to enable the user to communicate, preferably in two directions (to and from) with another user or users, each utilising the same or similar communication device 100. The communication device 100 and in particular the communication unit 102 is designed for sport related applications. The unit 102, in the preferred embodiment is portable, substantially compact and substantially lightweight so it can be held by a user in one hand or worn/restrained on a user's body or contained within a pocket of a garment for example. In addition, in the preferred embodiment the unit 102 is rugged to withstand substantially high impact forces normally exhibited during a sporting activity, such as impact forces arising from user's or objects colliding with the unit including dropping the unit. In the preferred embodiment, the device 100 is waterproof and buoyant to make it suitable for use in aquatic sports applications.

The device 100 is configured to enable preferably two way communication with other same or similar devices. In the preferred embodiment, the device 100 is operable in the radio frequency range and the unit 102 comprises a radio signal receiver, a radio signal transmitter (preferably provided by a single radio transceiver), an antenna and a power supply. Various other electronic components and/or circuits including but not limited to transducers and/or microprocessors may be provided to enable two way radio communications with other devices 100. It will be appreciated that in alternative embodiments, the device may be operable as a one way radio communication device configured to either transmit or receive radio signals but not both. In the preferred embodiment, the device 100 further comprises an electronic visual display 110 and a control interface 112 for allowing the user to interact with the device 100 to configure and control the operation of the device 100. The display 110, the control interface 112 and various other electronic components and/or circuitry, including the radio transceiver and power supply are provided within unit 102. The display 110 and control interface 112 are exposed to allow the user to interact with these components of the device 100. The remaining components and/or circuits of unit 102 are contained internally and unexposed to the outside environment.. In the preferred embodiment communications unit 102 is configured to electronically connect to audio interface member 104 via a cord/cable 106. A port or aperture 114 is provided on the unit 102 for receiving an end of the cable 106, which may comprise a connector or pin 116 in some embodiments, to electronically connect the audio interface 104 to the electronic components and/ or circuits housed within the unit 102. In alternative embodiments, audio interface member 104 may be configured to communicate with electronic components/circuits within communications unit 102 wirelessly.

Features involving the mechanical and electrical construction of the preferred form device 100 will now be described in further detail. 2. Mechanical Construction

2.1 Communications Unit

As previously stated, the communications device 100 is in the preferred embodiment constructed as a water resistant or waterproof, and buoyant device 100 for enabling use in aquatic sports. Communications unit 102 comprises an external housing/casing 108 for retaining the electronic components of the device therein. In the preferred embodiment, the housing 108 is water resistant or more preferably waterproof for sealing the interior components and preventing water ingress. The housing 108 is preferably formed from a waterproof plastics or polymer based material such as a Polypropylene material. The housing may comprise two open and hollow parts that are coupled together at thei periphery (via screws or any other suitable mechanism such as ultrasonic welding) to form a closed housing with a hollow interior. A sealing element may be provided around the periphery of the parts to waterproof the connection between the parts.

The connection between the intersection between the cable 106 and communication unit 102 is configured as a water proof region that seals the port or aperture 114 receiving the cable (or connector of the cable as described below) and prevents water ingress there through. In this manner, the preferred form device 100 is well suited for aquatic sports and other water related applications. In the preferred embodiment, the connection between the cable of the audio interface 104 and the port or aperture is fixed with a sealing component around or over the connection. In alternative embodiments, a waterproof seal is formed at the port 114 upon connection of a pin/connector to the port 116. A USB or other connector port may be provided through the housing and rubber plug supplied with the device for sealing this port when it is not i use.

In the preferred embodiment, the unit 102 is configured to substantially prevent the ingress of water when immersed to one meter within a body or water for at least 30 minutes. The unit 102 may be configured to withstand deeper water immersion levels and/or longer periods of immersion. For examp!e, the unit 102 may be configured to have water resistance properties that comply with at least Japanese Industriai Standard 3IS-7 or above. Furthermore, the unit 102 is configured to be substantially dust proof. For exampie, the unit 102 may be configured to have dust proof and wate resistance properties that comply with an International Protection rating of at least IP67 or higher as specified by the International Electrotechnical Commission,

In a preferred embodiment, the communication unit 102 is buoyant The housing 108 is preferably made of a buoyant materia! that will cause communications unit 102 to float in a body of water. Communications unit 102 may be buoyant using additional or alternative means of construction or materials. In some embodiment one or more air chambers may be included within housing 108 to provide or enhance buoyancy. The air chamber may extend along an inner perimeter, more preferably, along the entire inner perimeter of housing 108 surrounding the electronics core of communications unit 102. Again, in this manner the preferred form device is well suited for aquatic sports and other water related applications. In the preferred embodiment, the device 100 and in particular the communication unit 102 comprises a robust and/or rugged housing 108 configured to withstand substantially high impact forces normally experienced during a vast range of sporting activities, including but not limited to water sports, field or court sports and extreme sports. The housing 108 preferably has a shape and profile that improves the durability of the device. In particular the housing 108 is formed devoid of any substantially sharp edges that can significantly impact or reduce the durability of the device and its ability to withstand high impact forces. In the preferred embodiment, the unit 102 is configured to withstand impact forces as defined by one or more tests of the United States Military Standard MIL-STD-810 tests including at least shock test 516.6. For example, the device is configured to remain substantially undamaged from a series of drop tests on ail surfaces, edges and corners of the device from approximately four feet off the ground and onto a plywood surface, In the preferred embodiment, the housing 108 is formed from a plastics or polymer based material that comprises any combination of one or more of the following properties: waterproof, strong, rugged, durable, corrosion resistant, chemically resistant and UV resistant, The housing is preferably also designed for use in seawater and other harsh environments with extreme temperature ranges. In the preferred embodiment, the housing 108 is formed from a polypropylene grade copolymer material, such as EP203L

In the preferred embodiment, the device 100 and in particular the communication unit 102 comprises a substantially compact and/or lightweight design so not to obstruct or interfere with a user's ability to perform a sporting activity. For example, in some embodiments the device may be approximately 40-60mm in width by 50-70mm in length. In operation, a user attaches communications unit 102 to him or herself. The communications unit may be attached in a variety of ways. In the preferred embodiment, the device 100 is substantially compact and sized to fit within a user's hand and be carried single-handediy by the user. In the preferred embodiment the device is substantially compact and sized to fit within a pocket of a user's garment, including for example a clothing item or a strap, band or other connector garment to be worn by the user. For example, the user may put the communications unit 102 in a pocket of a jacket, shirt or life vest 401 as shown In figures 3 and 4b, or a carry case having provision for a strap 402 to be worn by the user as shown in figure 4a. The strap 402 may be an elastic strap and/or may comprise a hook and loop fastener or other coupling mechanism for attaching to the user or an item of the. user. The strap 402 may be formed from a substantially buoyant material.

As shown in figures 2a and 2b, an alternative or additional clip 109 may be provided and configured to removably couple a rear side 108a of the housing 108 for attaching the unit 102 to an item carried or garment worn by the user, The clip 109 and rear side 108a of the housing 108 may comprise complementary formations for removably coupling the clip to the unit. In the preferred embodiment the clip 109 is resilient to manipuiate open and close and end 109a of the clip to for attaching/detaching the clip from the item or garment. Other type of clips or attachments may alternatively be provided to attach the unit directly to an item or garment of the user. In some embodiments, multiple, dips may be provided varying in size, shap and/or construction but all having a formation necessary for re!easably coupling to a complementary formation on the rear side 108a of the housing, to enable a user to change the clip 109 depending on the desired sporting activity or application.

Internally, the unit 102 houses minimal electronic components or circuitry required to enable radio communication but without significantly affecting performance to reduce the weight of the device 100, Moreover, the electronic components and circuitry of the device 100, including the display 110 for example, are preferably operable under substantially low power requirements to thereby enable the use of a relatively small and lightweight power supply for powering the components/circuitry without significantly affecting performance.

In the preferred embodiment, the communication unit 102 includes a substantially smooth and unencumbered exterior profile for improving user safety. The unit 102 preferably comprises a substantially cuboid housing 108 with rounded or curved edges such as shown in figures 1 and 2b. The rounded or curved edges also improve the water resistant properties of the housing 108. The rounded or curved edges also improve the user safety properties of the device 100 to reduce the likelihood of injury to the user.

In the preferred embodiment, a control interface 112 is provided for a user to control the operation of the device. The control interface in the preferred embodiment comprises a number of tactile inputs or buttons that are sized to enable control of by a user wearing gloves. 2.2 Audio Interface

Audio interface member 104 is configured to be placed proximate the user's ear. Such placement may be by way of direct attachment to the ear, or through the use of a frame or band around a portion of the user's head , The audio interface 104 is preferably configured to be compatible with one or more head gear products associated with various sporting activities such as helmets, face masks, sports goggles and other eye protection devices.

Referring to figure 1, audio interface member 104 includes an earpiece 122 having an exterior surface or profile configured for placement proximate a user's ear, and in particular within a user's ear similar to an earpiece of a conventional headphone. The earpiece comprises elongate tapered main body 122a configured to house the speaker of the audio interface member 140. The main body 122a is sized and shaped to be at least partially received within the ear canal comfortably to couple the speaker to the user and enhance attachment security. The main body 122a may have a curved narrow end to enhance attachment security.

The ear piece 122 may aiternativety, or additionalty, have a generaily C-shaped earpiece connector 123 curved and shaped to fit around a user's ear to enhance security of attachment of the interface 104 to the user. The earpiece connector 123 may be permanently coupled to the earpiece 122 or preferably configured to removably couple the earpiece 122 via snap fit or any other engagement well known in the art.

A bump or projection 122b extends from the main body 122a forming part of a bone conduction microphone of the device 100. The bump or projection is preferably integrally formed with the main body and located atong the main body such that in use, the bump or projection 122b rests adjacent an ear bone or bone adjacent the ear of the user. In this manner, the vibrationat forces traversing through the bone due to speech are transferred to the bump or projection 122b forming part of the bone conduction microphone. In the preferred embodiment, in use the bump or projection 122b locates within or directly adjacent and outside the ear canai of the user. The bum or projection 122b is substantially dome shaped to enhance comfort and/or performance when the interface 104 is worn by a user.

The shape and design of the earpiece and the earpiece connector can be of any Shape or design as is well known in the art. In the preferred embodiment, the main body 122a and the bump or projection 122b are integra!iy formed from a moulded plastics material. In alternatively embodiments, the earpiece may be formed from two or more components that are seafably coupled.

Audio interface member 104 is preferably configured to be waterproof in case the member is dropped into a body of water. In particular, the audio interface comprises a waterproof housing and a waterproof earpiece. The main body 122a or at least a distal end of the main body is configured to allow the transmission of sound from the speaker inside the body 122a to outside the body 122a and into the ear canal of the user in use for example. The main body may be fully enclosed and formed from a waterproof material such a polymer based or other plastics based material. The material and/or thickness of the entire body or a region of the body (such as the distal end) is/are configured to allow the transmission of sound there through. A region of the main body may be for example of a relatively smaller thickness than the remainder of the body for enhancing sound transmission through the body at that region. In an alternative embodiment, the main body comprises one or more apertures at a distal end of the main body 122a through which sound from the speaker traverses. In such an embodiment a sealant may be applied over the aperture(s) to create a waterproof earpiece. The sealant is of a materia! and/or thickness that is/are sufficient to create a waterproof barrier between the outside environment and the interior of the main body 122a but without significantly insulating sound waves. In one embodiment a Silicone or other suitable plastics or polymer based material is over moulded onto the aperture or apertures to water proof the audio interface member 104 without significantly affecting the sound output from the speaker contained within the main body 122a< In the preferred embodiment, the audio interface membe 104 comprises a cable 106 extending from the microphone/speaker and terminating at the communications unit 102. In the preferred embodiment, one end of the cable is hard wired/fixedly coupled to the audio interface member 104 and the other end is hard wired/fixedly coupied to the electronic components of communications unit 102. In some embodiments, the communication unit end 116 of the cable terminates in a connector or pin receivable within a corresponding port 114 of communication unit 102, The connector or pin is configured to form a waterproof connection with the corresponding port 114 on communication unit 102. In some embodiments the connection between port 114 and pin 116 is fixed and sealed over using a water proof material to enhance water resistance of the connection. In other embodiments the connector is removably conrtectafafe to port 114. Where wired connections are desired, it will be appreciated that audio interface member 104 may be connected to communications unit 102 using means other than pin and socket connections. In some embodiments the connector may be a universal serial bus (USB) connector and the port on unit 102 may be a corresponding USB port. The term USB is intended to cover afi form including micro-USB and mini-USB.

In the preferred embodiment the cable is capable of withstanding stress forces similar to those exhibited through suspension of at least 2QKg of weight from the cable. The cable 106 may be coiled along a portion of its length 106a to minimise snagging during use. The cable may comprise a strain reliever 106b at the end of the connector to minimise damage of the cable at this region during use. A webbed outer cover may be provided for increasing strength and durability of the cable. One or more clips or other connectors 107 may be provided (and reieasably coupled to the cable 106) for securely coupling the cable to the user's garment during use, for example as shown in figure 4a. The connectors 107 may have a sleeve for reieasably and threadably receiving the cable 106 therethrough. Multiple dips ma be made available to the user depending on the application.

In the preferred embodiment a push-to-talk switch or button 118 is provided by the audio interface to enable the user to select the direction of transmission of signals through the cable 106 as is well known in the art of communications engineering. The switch 118 is preferably housed in a waterproof casing.

3, Electronic Components and Circuitry

The communication device 100 is configured for two way radio communication with other similar devices 100. The device 100 thus comprises a radio transceiver and associated antenna configured to transmit and receive radio signals to and from a radio transceiver and antenna of a corresponding device 100, and a power supply for providing electrical power to the radio transceiver to receive and generate electrical communication signals. The device 100 further comprises one or more electroacoustic transducers configured to convert acoustic signals generated by the user into electrical signals for transmission, and to convert electrical signals received by the transceiver Into acoustic signals to be detected by the user. The one or more electroacoustic transducers are configured operativeSy connect to the radio transceiver _* In the preferred embodiment _/ the electroacoustic transducer(s) are provided in an audio interface 104 separate from the communication unit 102. The audio interface preferably comprises a microphone and a speaker. The microphone and speaker are operativeiy coupled to the transceiver via a cable 106 through port 114 as previously described. In alternative embodiments, the communication device may be a one way device configured to only transmit or receive electrical signals but not both. In this case, the device may comprise a radio transmitter or receiver and a singte type of electroacousttc transducer in either the form of a microphone or speaker depending on whether the device is configured to send or receive audio signals respectively.

In the following description, specific details are given to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, software and hardware modules, functions, circuits, etc., may be shown in block diagrams in order not to obscure the embodiments in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known modules, structures and techniques may not be shown in detail in order not to obscure the embodiments.

3.1 Radio Frequency (RF) Transceiver

Referring to figure 7, the preferred form radio transceiver 200 will now be described. It will be appreciated that in alternative embodiments, other forms of radio transceiver known in the art of radio communication may be used. The radio transcefver in some configurations may utilise a repeater utilising transmission at one RF frequency and receiving via another RF frequency, for longer range communication as is well known in the art of communication engineering. In alternative configurations the device is configurable to transmit and receive via the same RF frequency. In the preferred embodiment the radio transceiver is configured to operate within one or more radio frequency ranges. The radio transceiver is preferably configured for use within a license-free frequency range. Such frequency ranges vary from country to country. For example only, the license-free frequency range in Australia is approximately 476.4250 to 477.4125 MHz, while in the United States, Canada and other countries the Family Radio Service and General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS) provide license-free frequency ranges of approximately 462.5625 to 467.7125 and approximately 902.000 to 928.000 MHz respectively, and in Europe approximately 446.0 to 446.1 MHz. There exist license-free frequency ranges in the Very High Frequency (VHF) spectrum as well, for example, approximately 151.820 to 154,500 MHz in the United States.

In order to accommodate the variety of ranges, in a preferred embodiment the radio transceiver is configured to operate within an operable frequency range of below approximately 1,000 MHz, more preferably within an Ultra High Frequency (UHF) range of between approximately 300 to 950 MHz, even more preferably below approximately 700 MHz, and most preferably between approximately 400 to 470 MHz, It will be appreciated that the radio transceiver may be configured to operate in other ranges that may not be license-free. The ranges described above may include a subset of ranges therein without departing from the scope of the present invention.

In a preferred embodiment, the radio signal transceiver is configurable or programmable to operate within a predetermined frequency range within the operable frequency range. For example, the radio signal transceiver is programmable to operate within one of multiple pre-set frequency ranges within the operable frequency range, Preferably the radio signal transceiver is programmable to operate within one of multiple license free frequency ranges within the operable frequency range, for example depending on the intended country or region of use. The radio transceiver may be configurable and/or programmable via selection of one of a plurality of predetermined/ pre-set frequency ranges and/or via the user/manufacturer specifying the range. For example, the device may be configurable to be restricted to a particular frequency range depending on the intended region of use. In this manner the same hardware supports multiple operating frequency ranges that can be configured by an operator of the device, for example depending on the country of use.

In some embodiments, the radio transceiver is configured for use only as a UHF transceiver. In some embodiments, the radio transceiver is configured for use only as a VHF transceiver. In a further embodiment, the radio transceiver is configured for use and selectable between a UHF or VHF mode. The radio transceiver is preferably configured for multiple channel use. When configured with multiple channel capability, the radio transceiver is able to accommodate up to 8 channels, or up to 10 channels, or up to 40 channels, or up to 60 channels, or up to 80 channels for example depending on the frequency range and channel spacing, and/or depending on regulations of the region of use. It will be appreciated that more than 80 channels may be included if desired . In the preferred embodiment the channel spacing is approximately between 10-50 kHz and more preferably approximately 12.5 kHz and/or approximately 25,0 kHz.

The users will preferably coordinate or sync their communications units by either pre-selecting a channel or automatically syncing the units using syncing methods similar to those used to sync mobile communications devices such as smart-phone devices. A user, such as a trainer, may communicate with various others, the students, on the same channel (such as shown figure 5). The communication device 100 of each student may have a different CTCSS code so the students do not receive transmissions from other students. In some embodiments, as shown in figure 6, multiple users may communicate with each other using a muitipte channel configuration on each device. In some embodiments, a different user's device such as a coach's device may be configured for dual watch mode operation to receive signals within multiple channels associated with users (such as students) in multiple groups.

Provided by or associated and operatively coupled to the radio transceiver is any combination of one or more circuits and/or hardware or software components configured to perform any one or more of the associated functions well known in the art of communications, including but not limited to frequency shifting, frequency modulation and demodulation, frequency mixing, signal amplification, analogue to digital conversion, digital to analogue conversion, su b-band signalling detection, audio level control and/or Squelch control . Referring to figure 7, in the preferred embodiment the radio transceiver 200 comprises an input output (IO) module 210 and a signal processing module 220. The signal processing module 220 is predominantly responsible for modulation and demodulation of signals, whilst the IO module 210 is responsible for transmitting and receiving radio signals through the antenna ,

3.1.1 Signal Processing Module

The signal processing module 220 comprises one or more inputs for receiving signals from the audio interface for modulation before transmission via the IO module 210, and for receiving signals from the IO module 210 for demodulation before supplying to the audio interface 104. The radio transceiver may utilise digital or analogue modulation for sending and receiving radio signals. In the preferred embodiment, a digital signal processor 221 is provided by the signai processing module 220 and is configured to utilise zero intermediate frequency (IF) down conversion and direct frequency modulation and demodulation techniques. The use of a digital signal processor for implementing the modulation/demodulation techniques has the advantage that precise frequency modulation is applied, so that the full frequency deviation allowed is used, reducing the possibility of over-modulation. Digital signal processing techniques for modulation and demodulation have lower distortion than the comparable analogue techniques. In the preferred embodiment, the modulation technique uses a zero frequency Intermediate Frequency (IF). This alleviates the need to use of IF filters thus reducing the weight of the device. In some configurations, an UHF saw filter covering a desired frequency band may be incorporated for isolating unwanted radio signals such as those arising from proximate UHF TV transmitters in the range of 300-400MHz. In such a configuration different filters may need to be used for the CB, FRS/GM S and/or PMR frequency bands.

In the preferred embodiment the digital signai processor 221 utilises narrowband FM modulation and demodulation techniques for transmitting and receiving audio signals via RF. Preferably the modulation technique utilised is phase shift keying (PSK), for example 16 PSK but any other digital modulation technique well known in the art may be used . The digital signal processor 221 comprises a direct digital synthesis oscillator/ direct digital synthesizer (DDS) configured to perform direct modulation of a carrie signal during transmission. The DDS is also configured to provide a continuous wave (CW) carrier signal for the zero IF demodulation during reception. During reception, the signal processing stage is configured to demodulate a received signal via direct digital conversion by obtaining In-phase and Quadrature (IQ) components of the received signal The carrier signal of the DDS is mixed direct to baseband (zero IF) using IQ mixing to achieve this. Using a zero frequency conversion technique as described above carries the advantage that the DDS operates a the same frequency during transmission and reception. This means that the transceiver 100 can switch between transmission and reception modes relatively quickly compared to systems where the operating frequency of the DDS must also change.

In some embodiments a radio frequency Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) 222 may be provided at an output of the digital signai processor 221 for acting as a frequency multiplier during transmission and for helping mix the received signal down to zero IP during reception. One or more digital and/or analogue filters may also be provided for filtering signal before transmission o upon reception as is well known in the art. Audio filtering of transmission or received signals is performed by the transceiver through digital signal processing techniques. Avoiding the use of ceramic filters substantially reduces the weight of the transceiver circuit.

The transceiver may also include a Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System (CTCSS) for quiet channel operation. In this case CTCSS tones from approximately 67Hz to 250 Hz may be used for Squelch operation. In the preferred embodiment an analogue to digital converter (ADC) 223 is provided between the output of the microphone for digitising the transducer output signals before modulation and transmission by the transceiver. Similarly a digital to analogue converter (DAC) 224 is provided at the input of the audio speaker or amplifier associated with the speaker for converting the digital demodulated signal received by the transceiver.

In some embodiments, the digital signal processor 221 of the transceiver circuit may provide additional functionality including encryption and decryption of transmission and received signals respectively.

In the preferred embodiment, the functionality described above for the transceiver is provided by a signal processing module 220 of the transceiver. In the preferred embodiment the signal processing module 220 is implemented in a single Integrated Circuit (IQ to reduce the overall weight and/or size of the device 100. In alternative embodiments, conventional dual conversion citizen band (CB) radio transceiver circuits may be utilised for providing the above functionality. 3.1.2 10 Stage

In the preferred embodiment, the transceiver housed within the unit 102 further comprises an IO stage 210 operatively coupled between the signal processing stage and the antenna. The 10 stage 210 comprises a power amplifier 211 operatively coupled to the output of the signal processing stage described above. The power amplifier 211 adjusts the signal strength of modulated transmission signals output by the signal processing stage 220. The amplified signal is supplied to the antenna for transmission In the preferred embodiment, the power amplifier 211 is configured to operate in the at least approximately 405MHz to 475MHz frequency range, but may alternatively cover any other range within the UHF and/or VHF ranges, such as for example 300 to 950MHz. The power amplifier 221 may be rated at between approximately Q.5W and 5W, more preferably between 0.5W and 3W and most preferably at approximately 1W. In the preferred embodiment, the input/output stage further comprises a low noise amplifier (LIMA) 212 operatively coupled to an input of the signal processing stage to improve sensitivity of received signals. Signals received by the antenna are amplified and then input into the mixer of the signal processing stage for filtering and demodulation. The LIMA 212 may be configurable to operate in a bypass mode. In the preferred embodiment, the PA 211 at its output and the LNA 212 at its input are operatively coupled to an antenna switch component 213 that operatively couples either the PA output or the LNA input to the antenna 300 for either transmission of the PA output or reception through the LIMA input via the antenna.

In the preferred embodiment, the IO module is further configured to perform harmonic filtering of radio signals, for example to result in harmonic levels of much less than -60dBc.

In the preferred embodiment, the IO module 210 including the PA 211, the LNA 212 and the antenna switch components 213 is implemented in a single IC component that is coupled between the signal processing module 220 and the antenna 300. This has the effect of reducing the weight and/or size of the overall circuit and hence device 100, minimises cost of the device 100 and increases performance.

In alternative embodiments however, the PA, LNA and switch may be provided as separate components. In such alternatives the PA may be provided through one or more transistors or MOSFETS within the circuit as is well-known in the art of electrical engineering. In some embodiments, the circuit is provided with two output stages, one provided by a single IO IC as described above and one containing one or more transistors or MOSFETS as described for the alternative embodiments. In such embodiments the circuit may be configured to enable bypassing or selection of one of these output stages depending on the power requirement of the device for transmission, For example if a transmission signal with a power output of 1W or less is required, the single IC is used to amplify the RF output signal, and if a transmission signal with a power output of more than IW is required the single IC may be bypassed and the signal VCO output may be amplified by the translstors/MOSFETs i nstead .

The transceiver circuit may further comprise any combination of one or more of the following circuits or components ; transmission harmonic filter, transmission thru path and/or other matching components known in the art of communications engineering . In the preferred embodiments any one or more of these components are also provided in the single IC chip containing the PA, L A and antenna switch,

In the preferred embodiment, the circuit is designed to withstand operation in a transmission mode for up to approximately one to five minutes, more preferably u to approximately two to four minutes and most preferably up to approximately three minutes, at a power output of approximately 0.5 to 2W, or more preferably at a power output of approximately iW, without excessively heating and damaging the circuit or significantly affecting the norma! operation of the circuit. To achieve this, a heat dissipation mechanism is provided proximate the circuit to at least partially alleviate heating of the circuit during transmission. Such a mechanism may include one or more heat sinks located within the housing as is well known in the art of electrical engineering. In the preferred embodiment, a timer is incorporated in the electronics of the device for limiting transmission time, for example to three minutes, to prevent over heating of the device. The timer may be initiated upon commencement of transmission and periodically compared to a threshold period. When the timer value exceeds this threshold period transmission is terminated to avoid excessive heating .

3.2 Audio Amplifier

In the preferred embodiment, an audio amplifier 230 is provided between the output of the signal processing module 220 and the input of the audio speaker. In the preferred embodiment a class D amplifier 230 is provided to amplify the filtered and demodulated signal received by the transceiver before supplying the received signal to the speaker. In alternative embodiments a linear amplifier is provided to perform audio amplification. 3.3 Antenna

In the preferred embodiment an antenna 300 is operatively connected to the IO module 210 of the electronic circuit 200. The antenna preferably operates with a substantially uniform radiation pattern and with the same radiation polarity as the antenna of the same or similar device with which the device is communicating. In the preferred embodiment the radiation pofarity is substantially vertical but this may be horizontal or at any other orientation in alternative embodiments. The antenna impedance is preferably matched to the RF PA 211 to ensure efficient transmission of the RF signal.

In the preferred embodiment the antenna is located entirely within the housing 108. Locating the antenna entirely within the housing ensures the device is compact and increases safety during use in sporting activities as the unit maintains a smooth and unencumbered outer profile. In some embodiments a printed circuit board (PCB) antenna is provided within the housing. In some embodiments a helix antenna is provided within the housing. In alternative embodiments the antenna protrudes outside of the housing 108<

3,4 Audio Interface and Electroacoustic Transducers

Referring also to figure 1, in the preferred embodiment, the device 100 comprises an audio interface member 104 having an electric to acoustic transducer (speaker) within the main body 122a and an acoustic to electrical transducer (microphone) 124 within the bump or projection 122b. Audio interface member 104 is configured to be placed proximate the user's ear. Such placement may be by way of direct attachment to the ear, or through the use of a frame or band around a portion of the user's head,

The audio interface member 104 preferably includes a microphone 124 and speaker 126 within or adjacent the ear piece. During operation of the device, the microphone is operatively connected to the ADC input of the signal processing modu le 220 of the transceiver circuit 200 and the speaker is connected to the audio amplifier 230 output of the transceiver circuit 200. The cable 106 established a connection between the microphone/speaker and the transceiver circuit 200. In the preferred embodiment, the cable to the microphone output and the ADC input and hard wired to the speaker input and DAC output. In other embodiments a connection of a connector at the end of the cable 106 with a corresponding port of the unit 102 operatively couples the microphone and speaker of the audio interface to the ADC and DAC of the transceiver circuit respectively,

In the preferred embodiment, the microphone 124 is a bone conduction transducer configured to receive an acoustic signal via bone conduction, and the speaker is an air conduction speaker configured to output an acoustic signal for traversal via air conduction . A bone conduction microphone is very suitable for high noise and underwater applications. The bone conduction transducer 124 is located proximate the user's ear and is hence configured to receive vibration signals traversing through the user's bone at or adjacent the ear during speech. Bone conduction transducers convert vibrations through the user's bones into crisp and clear speech by not conducting and thus eliminating high and low levels of ambient noise around the user. This results in exceptional sound quality to the receiving user even in high noise environments. The audio interface member may be for example the same or similar to the MFJ-283K model provided by MFJ enterprises or the PTE-520 provided by Power-time Technology, In some embodiments a bone conduction speaker may be used in conjunction with the bone conduction microphone. The bone conduction speaker may be the same or a separate element to the bone conduction microphone. The audio interface member may com prise two earpiece members as described above operatively coupled to the communication unit 102 for use with both ears of the user if desired.

The communications unit and audio interface member may be configured for wireless communications. If desired, the communications unit and audio interface membe may be configured for peer-to-peer communication using communication protocols such as Bluetooth and/or Wi-Fi direct. The audio interface member may be configu red in various ways. For example, instead of, or in addition to using placement proximate an ear, the audio interface member may include a microphone for placement near the throat of a user. The audio interface member may include a sensor and/or camera for video communication if desired provided the device is configured to operate within a sufficient frequency bandwidth . In some embodiments the cable 106 may include an aerial for use with the radio transceiver of communications unit 102.

3.5 Power Supply Communications unit 102 is preferably powered by a battery, more preferably, a rechargeable battery. In a preferred form, the rechargeable battery may be charged by induction, the use of solar ceil(s), and/or a battery charger that uses a power cord for plugging into an electric power point. Non-rechargeable batteries may be utilised if desired. The battery may be a lithium ion, lithium polymer or any other battery known in the art of electrical engineering that provides a suitabl power capacity to weight ratio for such an application .

3, 6 Control of Device

Referring now to figure 1, in the preferred embodiment, one or more microprocessors, FPGA devices or any combination thereof are provided within commu nication unit 102 and coupled to the audio interface and tra nsceiver for controlling the operation of the device. In the preferred embodiment a low power microprocessor or FPGA is used . The microprocessor or FPGA is electronically coupled to the one or more user inputs 112, to the display 110, to the transceiver 200 and to audio interface 104 to configure or control operation of the display 110, the transceiver and/or the audio interface 104 based on the user's operation of the user inputs 112.

Functions performed by the microprocessor or FPGA can include any combination of one or more of: executing user interface software and controlling the display of communication unit 102 accordingly, channel scanning, channel setting, operation mode setting including selection of standard operation, repeater mode operation and dual receive mode operation, audio processor control, call tone generation and control, Roger Beep or end of transmission audio indication level control, control interface input control, display control, automatic power save control, transmission regulation, CTCSS, signal encryption and decryption, as well as other functions that may be well known in the art.

Communications unit 102 preferably includes one or more additional features to make the unit more user friendly. For example only, communications unit 102 preferably includes a channel watch to monitor two o more channels simultaneously. The microprocessor or FPGA of communications unit 102 is preferabiy program med with a power save mode which causes communications unit 102 to enter a sleep mode during times that the commu nications unit is on, but inactive after a predetermined amount of time, Communications unit 102 is preferably configured to utilise calling tones to alert the user to incoming calls or messages. Communications unit 102 is preferably selectable between push-button activation and voice activation. It will be appreciated that communications unit 102 may utilise either voice activation or push-button activation to the exclusion of the other. Communication unit 102 preferably includes a scanner for multiple channel scanning. Communication unit 102 preferably includes a voice scrambler for enhancing the security and privacy of communications between users.

3.6.1 Display

An electronic visual display 110 is provided and coupied to microprocessor. The display comprises a circuit broad having a screen and other electronic components associated with the screen provided thereon. The circuit hoard is coupied at an interior of the housing 108 and creates a waterproof seal between the exposed side of the display and the remaining electronic components within the housing of communication unit 102. An aperture provided within the housing exposes the screen of the display 110.

In the preferred embodiment the dtspiay 110 is an active matri display. In an active matrix display individual pixels are addressed. In this manner, characters, text or images can be displayed in varying sizes, shapes and positions during various instances of time, giving the device increased flexibility and versatility to be used with a variety of sports related applications. The display resolution may be for example 128 by 96 pixels but it will be appreciated that other sizes/resolutions are envisaged and not intended to be excluded from the scope of this invention. In the preferred embodiment, the display is operable to retain a display image after power supply to the display has been terminated. In the preferred embodiment, the display is only supplied with power when a change to the display image is prompted or required. In this manner, the device is configured to conserve a significant amount of power during use. In the preferred embodiment the display is an eiectrophoretic ink (e-ink) or other electronic paper (e-paper) type display. This display operates based on an electrophoresis effect by reflecting light and thus not requiring power to retain an image on the display and only draws power when the display image is to. be changed. This minimises power usage as described above. It also allows the device to retain an image on the display to instruct the user on how to control the device to operate one or more functions of the device, such as which button to press to turn the device back on. Figure 9a shows an example of such an image 110a retained on the display 110 afte termination of supply of power to the display 110. It will be appreciated that the display 110 may retain an image without any power for a period as specified by the manufacturer, for example up to one or two years in some instances.

As mentioned above, in an active matrix type display different images, icons, text or numbers can be displayed at the same location at different points of time, through setting of different pixel values on the display by the microprocessor or FPGA depending on the operationai state of the device. This provides the user of the device with increased controi options as the display can support a more complex user interface. For example, figure 9a shows the display 110 during a powered off state of the device 100, figures 8 and 12a-12c show the display 110 during a communication (transmit/ receive) state of the device, and figure 10a shows the display during a configuration or help function/state of the device 110. In these three examples, it can be seen that the display is capable of displaying various icons, images, text or number in any Iocation providing added flexibility and support to the graphical user interface software associated with the display.

As described above, the display 110 enables the implementation of advanced software for controlling the operation of the device. For instance, in the preferred embodiment, the display 110 is capable of supporting and displaying text in multiple languages. Figures 9b and 10b for example show the display during various operational states of the device 100 (showing a powered off user interface 110a and a configuration/help user interface 110b respectively) with Chinese text instead of English. It will be appreciated that any other language can be displayed if supported by the software of the device. In some embodiments, the device may be configured to upload or update software to support an alternative or additional language.

In the preferred embodiment, software is executable by the microprocessor or FPGA to output operational information or data through the display 110 depending on an operationai status of the device and/or depending on input data indicative of a user request (via the control interface 112). The operational information or data output by the software may be any one or more of an operational condition or status of one or more operational parameters of the device, and/or the output data may be one or more operational instruction (s) for changing one or more operational parameters of th device. For example, the software may output operational instructions for powering the device via the display when the status of the device is switched off (no power being supplied to the device). Another example is the software may be configured to output operational instructions for changing an operational parameter, such as instructions to commence channel scanning and/or to change a channel, when the user requests such information via the control interface. In the preferred embodiment, the software is executable to provide a menu function and a heip function to the user via the dispiay. The menu and help functions can provide guidance to a user using the device or configuring the device for use.

Figure 11 shows an example of a user interface implementation for a menu function of the device to enable operation and configuration of the device by providing informative instructions to the user, In the configuration state/menu function of the device, the user is guided through various menu setting options to configure one or more operational parameters including: channel, speaker volume level, CTCSS number, dual watch channel or channels, voice operation !evei/volume, VOX or microphone level (above which transmitter operates in hands free mode) beep sound operation, and communication mode (repeater on or repeater off/standard), it will be appreciated that the configuration interfaces provided are only exemplary and any other software interface may be implemented for operating the device as desired/required by the application.

Figures 12a-12c show various user interfaces 110c during a communication state of the device where the transceiver is operating to send and/or receive radio signals. In each figure, the user interface displays the state of various operational parameters associated with the device, including any combination of one or more of: the channel, the speaker volume level, CTCSS number, dual watch channel or channels, voice operation level/volume, VOX or microphone level (above which transmitter operates in hands free mode), scrambling status, beep sound operation, battery status, control interface mode (locked or unlocked), and communication mode (repeater on or repeater off/standard). The user interface may be configured to display an icon o graphic, or text or any combinatton thereof to display a state of any of the above parameters.

In some embodiments, the display may enable a field operator to interact with onboard software to configure an operating frequency range of the device as described in section 3.1 of this specification. In the preferred embodiment, the graphical dispiay 110 and/or the associated graphical user interface software does not enable touch screen input for controlling/ configuring the device. However, it will be appreciated that in alternative embodiments the device may be configured to operate using touch screen input. The dispiay may alternatively be any other type of electronic visual dispiay known in the art including a dot matrix dispiay, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) or a segmented LED display. The dispiay may include a backlight, sidelight, metal backing and/or any other component for viewing in dark environments. 3.6.2 Control Interface

As shown in figures 1 and 8, control interface 112 preferably includes one or more input elements such as buttons and/or dials. In the preferred embodiment multiple buttons are provided and associated with any combination of one or more (preferably all) of the following functions: up direction 112a, down direction 112b, left direction 112c, right direction 112d and select 112e. It will be appreciated that many variations are possible for a control interface as is well known in the art of electronic engineering without departing from the scope of the present invention.

If desired, the software associated with the control microprocessor or FPGA of communications unit 102 may include a key lock function to prevent the accidental actuation of any buttons or other interfaces during use. In the preferred embodiment, the software associated with the control interface 112 is configured to recognise the duration of an active state of each input element (for example how long a button is pressed) and associate a particular input parameter with this action based on the duration. For example, the software may identify a short press (for example less than two seconds) or a long press (for example more than or equal to two seconds) of a control interface input element to allow the user to perform different functions accordingly.

In some embodiments one or more functions actuabie by a user may be actuated by using a touch-screen display, 3.7 Other features

In a preferred embodiment, the communications unit is configured with features only for supporting communication between users. Alternatively, the communication unit is configured to include additional operational features unrelated to communication including for example circuitry for playing music. The device may be configured to electronically couple an external device, via USB micro-USB or other well-known connections, and utilise a function of the external device. For example, the device may be configured to couple an external device having an audio recorder for recording conversation between users of the device 100. Alternatively or in addition, the device may have an on-board recording circuit for recording audio conversation between users. The communications unit may be configured for location services using,, for exam ple, GPS, WI ^' FI and/or RFID technology. In a preferred embodiment, the communications unit is not configured for use with Bluetooth communications but in alternative embodiments may be configured for use with Bluetooth communications.

The present invention in a preferred form provides the advantages of durability and robustness in harsh environments or use during which conventional devices would otherwise fail . Additional advantages of preferred embodiments of the invention include reliable operation, bone conduction communication which negates the effects of high noise and wind, adaptability for a variety of outdoor conditions, and a unit that is light-weight, compact and easy to transport. An additional advantage in a preferred embodiment is the water-resistance and floatabiiity of the device. This permtts the device to be used in water activities with little fear of the device being ruined by water in case the device accidentiy fails into the water.

The device of the present invention may be used in a variety of environments without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example only, the device may be used with sporting activities which involve water or snow, or sporting activities where outdoor conditions necessitate a durable device, such as mountain biking, snow-boarding, climbing, kayaking, swimming, skiing (water and/or snow), and many othe sports or activities. The device may be used in military environments or construction work sites or zones. Other uses will be readily apparent to any one of ordinary skill in the art.

Furthermore, embodiments may be implemented b hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, fi rmware, middleware or microcode, the program code or code segments to perform the necessary tasks may be stored in a machine-readable medium such as a storage medium or other storage(s)< A processor or logic gate array device may perform the necessary tasks. In the foregoing, a storage medium may represent one or more devices for storing data, including read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage mediums, optical storage mediums, Hash memory devices and/or other machine readable mediums for storing information . The terms "machine readable medium" and "computer readable medium" include, but are not limited to portable or fixed storage devices, optical storage devices, and/or various other mediums capable of storing, containing or carrying instruction(s) and/or data.

The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, elements, and/or components described in connection with the examples disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a fiefd program mable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic component, discrete gate or transistor iogic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, circuit, and/or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing components, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a number of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors i n conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration . The methods or algorithms described in connection with the examples disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executable by a processor, or in a combination of both, in the form of processing unit, programming instructions, or other directions, and may be contained in a single device or distributed across multiple devices. A software modu le may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EE PROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD- ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. A storage medium may be coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium . In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor.

The foregoing description of the invention includes preferred forms thereof. Modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the accompanying claims.