COMPACT RACKMOUNT STORAGE SERVER

BACKGROUND

As generally referred to in the art, a "server" is a computing device that is configured to perform operations for one or more other computing devices connected over a network. For an entity that requires computing infrastructure for handling relatively large amounts of network data, it is desirable to use servers that are designed to promote organizational/space efficiency and operational performance. In this regard, some servers are designed to be arranged in a "'rack," whereby the rack (or "-cabinet") houses numerous servers that are arranged, or "mounted," vertically one on top of another (however, not necessarily in contact with one another). Such a server is generally referred to in the art as a "rackmounf server.

Rackmount servers are generally designed having a height corresponding to whole multiples of an industry standard rack mounting height dimension. For example, rackmount servers are generally referred to as "2U/ ^λ "3U _; " "4U," etc. systems, where the "U" designation refers to one dimensional increment of 1.75 inches in height along the vertical members of an Electronics Industry Alliance (ElA) industry-standard computer racking/mounting structure. Thus, for example, a 2U rackmount server is generally designed to be approximately 3.5 inches in height, less a small amount of clearance between vertically- adjacent rackmount servers in the rack (those skilled in the art will note that a standard rack is 19 inches wide; however, racks of other widths are available).

In view of size constraints and limitations of a rackmount server, it is important to combine and arrange components in the rackmount server in a manner that promotes operational performance and space efficiency.

SUMMARY

According to one aspect of one or more embodiments of the present invention, a server comprises: a printed circuit board (PCB) disposed along an

inside surface of the server, where the PCB has a plurality of connectors adapted to be connected to a plurality of top-loading storage devices; and a controller assembly operatively connected to the PCB from a rear side of the PCB.

[005] According to another aspect of one or more embodiments of the present invention, an apparatus comprises: a chassis; a PCB having a first connector connectable to a second connector integral with a hard disk insertable from a top portion of the chassis; and a controller assembly operatively connectable to a rear side of the PCB, the controller being accessible from a rear side of the chassis.

[006] According to another aspect of one or more embodiments of the present invention, a rackmount storage server comprises: a passive backplane; top- loading hard disks each having a native connector pluggable into the passive backplane; and a controller operatively connected to the passive backplane from a rear side of the passive backplane.

[007] Other aspects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[008] Figure 1 shows a rackmount storage server in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[009] Figure 2 shows an exploded perspective view of a rackmount storage server in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 3 shows a portion of a rackmount storage server in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[001 1 ] Figure 4 shows an exploded perspective view of a portion of a rackmount storage server in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 5 shows an exploded perspective view of a portion of a

rackmount storage server in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 6 shows a chassis mechanical drawing.

[0014] Figure 7 shows two major components of an exemplary embodiment of a rackmount storage server.

[0015] Figure 8 shows a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a rackmount storage server.

[0016] Figure 9 shows two 144-circuit hi-speed dock connectors of an exemplary embodiment of a rackmount storage server.

[0017] Figure 10 shows the face plate for the System Controller of an exemplary embodiment of a rackmount storage server.

[0018] Figure 1 1 shows a USB connector.

[0019] Figure 12 shows a Serial connector.

[0020] Figure 13 shows a 10/ 100BaseT connector.

[0021 ] Figure 14 shows a 10/ 100/ 1 OOOBaseT connector.

[0022] Figure 15 shows an S-ATA connector.

[0023] Figure 16 shows a VGA connector.

DETAI LED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying figures. Like elements in the various figures are denoted by like reference numerals for consistency. Further, in the following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. In other instances, well- known features have not been described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Generally, embodiments of the present invention relate to a rackmount storage server having a novel combination and/or arrangement of components. Figure 1 shows an example of a rackmount storage server 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. A front side 12 of the rackmount storage server 10 is formed of a vented surface 14 arranged to allow for the passage of air between a region interior to the rackmount storage sever 10 and a region exterior to the rackmount storage server 10. A right side 16 of the rackmount server 10 (and a left side of the rackmount server 10, the left side not being visible in Figure 1 ) is formed of an attachment mechanism 18 for mounting the rackmount server 10 to a rack (or cabinet) (not shown) arranged to hold the rackmount server 10. Further, a first top cover 20 and a second top cover 22 may be used to enclose the rackmount server 10 from a top side, where the top side is defined as the side of the rackmount storage server 10 facing up when the rackmount storage server 10 is mounted in the rack (or cabinet) (not shown).

[0026] Figure 2 shows an exploded perspective view of a rackmount storage server 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. A chassis portion 30 of the rackmount storage server 10 is shown having left and right sides 35, 16 each having attachment mechanisms (shown, but not labeled) for mounting the rackmount storage server 10 to a rack (or cabinet) (not shown) arranged to hold the rackmount storage server 10. Further, a front side of the rackmount server 10 may be attached to a front member 34 as shown in Figure 2.

[0027] A printed circuit board (PCB) 24, which may be a backplane (passive or active) or motherboard, is arranged to be fitted in the chassis portion 30. Particularly, the PCB 24 may be positioned along an inner bottom surface of the chassis portion 30. The PCB 24 has a plurality of connectors arranged to be connected to a plurality of storage devices (not shown), which may constitute hard disks, or other such devices that are used for the storage of data. Each of the plurality of storage devices (not shown) may have their own

native connectors to connect with respective connectors disposed on the PCB 24.

[0028] As discernible in Figure 2, the plurality of storage devices (not shown) may be loaded from a top side of the rackmoυnt storage server 10. In other words, each of the plurality of storage devices (not shown) may be "plugged in" from the top of the rackmount storage server 10 to a connector on the PCB 24. Further, as shown in Figure 2, a storage device housing (such as a disk carrier for enclosing hard disks) 26 is provided to individually and at least partially enclose/house each of the plurality of storage devices (not shown). In other words, the storage device housing 26 provides "slots" for inserting each of the plurality of storage devices (not shown).

[0029] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, one or more of the plurality of storage devices (not shown) may be serial ATA (SATA) disks. Further, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, one or more of the plurality of storage devices (not shown) may be serial attached SCSI (SAS) disks. Further, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, storage devices other than SATA and SAS disks may be used in the rackmount storage server 10.

[0030] Further, still referring to Figure 2, those skilled in the art will note that, in one embodiment of the invention, a total of 48 storage devices may be inserted in the rackmount storage server 10. The 48 storage devices may be arranged in 4 rows of 12 storage devices each as shown in Figure 2. However, in one or more other embodiments of the present invention, a different number and/or different arrangement of storage devices may be used.

[003 1 ] Along a front side of the rackmount storage server 10 are disposed a plurality of cooling devices 28. The cooling devices 28 in Figure 2 are arranged as two rows of fans (further described below). The cooling devices 28 are arranged to provide redundant airflow through an overall region of the rackmount storage server 10. Those skilled in the art will note that in one or

more embodiments of the present invention, a different number and/or different arrangement of cooling devices 28 (than that shown in Figure 2) may be used.

[0032] Referring again to the PCB 24 shown in Figure 2, the PCB 24 is arranged to be connected to an attachment means 32 for attaching the PCB 24 and the storage device housing 26.

[0033] Further, top cover 22 is arranged to at least partially enclose/house a controller assembly as further described now with reference to Figure 3. In Figure 3, a controller assembly 40 is arranged to connect to the PCB 24 from a rear side of the PCB 24 as shown in Figure 2. As discernible from Figures 2 and 3, the controller assembly 40 is arranged to be positioned in the rackmount storage server 10 from a rear side of the rackmount storage server 10. In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the controller assembly 40 may be arranged having general purpose server architecture capable of running one or more general purpose applications.

[0034] Further, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the controller assembly 40 may be arranged to support peripheral component interconnect (PCl) (e.g., PCI-X, PCl-Express) expansion slots. Accordingly, the controller assembly 40 may be provided with PCI I/O connectivity from a rear side of the rackmount storage server 10.

[0035] Figure 4 shows an exploded perspective view of a controller assembly

40 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The controller assembly 40 contains a bottom chassis portion 42 in which a connector card 44 is arranged to be positioned. The connector card 44 may be arranged to connect to the PCB 24 shown in Figure 2. Further, a CPU board assembly 46 may be positioned on the connector card 44 as shown in Figure 4. The CPU assembly 46 may include processors, memory devices or other such components. Either of the connector card 44 or the CPU board assembly 46 may have slots (or connectors) (shown, but not labeled) for various components (e.g., memory modules, PCI cards, application specific cards,

network cards).

[0036] Referring back to Figure 2, cooling devices 28 are positioned in the rackmount storage server 10 to provide and facilitate airflow in the rackmount storage server 10. Figure 5 shows an exploded perspective view of a module 50 forming the cooling devices 28. The cooling device module 50 is formed of two separate fan units 52, 54. The two fan units 52, 54 are arranged to direct air into the rackmount storage server 10. In other words, the two fan units 52, 54 are arranged to direct cool air from a region exterior of the rackmount storage server 10 into an interior region of the rackmount storage server 10. However, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, one or both of the fan units 52, 54 may be arranged to direct air out from the rackmount storage server 10. In this case, hot air from within an interior region of the rackmount storage server 10 is directed to a region exterior of the rackmount storage server 10. In one or more embodiments of the invention, at least one fan directs air from a region exterior into the rackmount storage server 10, while another fan directs air from the interior of the rackmount storage server 10 to an exterior region.

[0037] Still referring to Figure 5, the two fan units 52, 54 may be attached to a singular fan unit cover piece 56. The singular fan unit cover piece 56 may be arranged to filter out large particles from entering an interior region of the rackmount storage server 10. Further, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the singular fan unit cover piece 56 may be arranged to attract smaller dust particles so as to prevent such particles from entering an interior region of the rackmount storage server 10. Further, a bracket piece 58 may be used for attaching the singular fan unit cover piece 56 (and accordingly, the two fan units 52, 54) to a front portion (not shown in Figure 5, but discernible in Figure 2) of the rackmount storage server 10.

[0038] Further, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, a built-in or integrated UPS battery may be incorporated in the rackmount storage server 10. The built-in UPS battery may be arranged to allow the rackmount

storage server 10 to save data in a main memory to one or more of a plurality of hard disks in the rackmount storage server 10 in the case, for example, of a power failure.

[0039] Advantages of the present invention may include one or more of the following. In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a rackmount storage server has a combination of storage devices, a PCB, and a controller assembly that promotes operational performance and/or space and cooling efficiency.

[0040] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, one or more storage devices may be "plugged in" from a top side of a rackmount storage server, thereby possibly easing the insertion and connection of the hard disks into the rackmount storage server. Further, the storage devices are hot- swappable.

[0041] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a controller assembly of a rackmount storage server may be arranged with PCl card expansion slots for improved and/or desirable I/O.

[0042] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a relatively large number of top-loading hard disks, e.g., 48 top-loading hard disks, may be used to provide data storage in a rackmount storage server.

[0043] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a rackmount storage server may use a plurality of redundant cooling units to facilitate air flow in the rackmount storage server.

[0044] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a rackmount storage server may use a plurality of redundant cooling unit to facilitate airflow throughout an interior region of the rackmount storage server.

[0045] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a controller of a rackmount storage server may have general purpose architecture to run one or more general puipose applications.

[0046] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, an integrated battery in a rackmount storage server may be used to save data from volatile memory (e.g., main memory) to non-volatile memory (e.g., a hard disk) in case of a power failure.

[0047] A detailed example of a rackmount storage server in accordance with the present invention is presented below in the form of a product specification. This specification describes the functionality, major components and subsystems, external interfaces, and operation of a server known as the Sun Fire X4500 available from Sun Microsystems, Inc.

[0048] With 48 500GB hard drives, the Sun Fire x4500 system has raw storage capacity of 24 terabytes in 4U. The Sun Fire x4500 system has two (2) PCI-X expansion slots. Two lOGigE NICs are installed into the slots. There are four (4) l OOOBaseT links. The disk array is controlled by a 2-socket (dual-core capable) MP AMD Opteron™ processor subsystem.

[0049] An overview of supported Sun Fire x4500 features is shown in Table 1.

Table 1 — Sun Fire x4500Feature Summary

[0050] The Sun Fire x4500 includes an extensive set of RAS (Reliability,

Availability, and Serviceability) Features, such as: hot-swappable and redundant fans and power supplies, remote lights-out server management, remote boot and remote software upgrades. The RAS feature also has Intelligent Systems Management including: SP (Service Processor), TPM (Trusted Platform Module), ECC Memory and Cache, and Predictive Failure Analysis, Hot-swap Fans, Hot-swap Power Supplies, Temperature and Voltage Monitoring, and KVM Redirection over Ethernet.

[0051 ] Figure 6 illustrates the mechanical layout of the Sun Fire x4500, which is implemented in a custom 4U rack-mountable chassis 60. The chassis 60 provides one controller FRU slot, one disk backplane, five fan trays 62, two power supplies in a 1+1 redundant configuration with an extra slot for a battery backup unit 64, and 48 disk slots 66. The five fan trays 62, each containing two individual fans, provide cooling for the system. In one embodiment, the fans can provide 300 CFM of airflow, from the front to the back of the chassis 60. The fan speed is variable, adjusting for the ambient conditions, the number of disks, and the system load. The system tolerates a single fan failure without compromising the cooling. Fan trays are hot- swappable. The power supplies may have additional fans to provide cooling during standby mode. Sun Fire x4500 provides module-level redundancy and hot-swappability for the power supplies and the hard drives. The Sun Fire x4500 provides the external interfaces described in Table 2.

Table 1 - Sun Fire x4500 External Interfaces [0052] Sun Fire x4500 consists of two major components as shown in Figure 7.

The first major component is the Controller Assembly 70, which contains the network interfaces, the processors, and the disk controllers, along with all management functionality. A Service Processor connected to the I/O Card monitors the status of the system and can be queried regardless of the state of rest of the system as long as there is standby power from one of the main supplies. The second major component of the system is the disk backplane 71, which contains the power and data connections for all of the hard drives, as well as the connections to the main power supplies, the battery backup unit, and fans. All of the hard drives are Serial ATA hard drives and support hot- swapping. The fan controller/driver resides on the Controller Assembly 70, but the tachometer signals are monitored on the disk backplane.

[0053] A more detailed block diagram of the Sun Fire x4500 system is shown in Figure 8. The Controller Assembly 70 includes an I/O-Board 80, a CPU- Board 81, a Graphics/SP-board 82, and a Service Processor 83. The I/O- board 80 contains the PCI-X Bridges, SouthBridge, S-ATA controllers and all I/O connectors. The CPU-board 81 contains the processors and the associated DDR DRAM memory. All of the control and datapath functionality, with the exception of the disks themselves, reside in the Controller Assembly 70. The Sun Fire x4500 includes two AMD Opteron ^{1 M} processors, interconnected through AMD's HyperTransport technology. There are also HyperTransport links to PCI-X bridges and the AMD Southbridge, which connects to all standard I/O. All external connections, with the exception of power and the front USB ports, come into the Controller Assembly 70. In some cases, such as temperature, a separate interrupt immediately alerts the processors in case of a problem.

[0054] The Graphics/SP-board 82 plugs into a special slot on the I/O-board 80, and is connected to the Service Processor 83. [|NOTE: We need to simplify Figure 8 to show a block 83 for the SP in place of the overly detailed components QS, TPM, etc.|| The Service Processor (SP) 83 monitors the system and can report if there is a problem with the system, even if the main

processors are not operating properly. The Service Processor 83 also monitors temperature and voltages, and has an RS-232 console port and an Ethernet management port for connectivity to the outside world. Service Processor 83 software detects fan failure, provides a front panel failure indication, generates a corresponding failure indication to the management system, and illuminates the individual fan failure LED indicator.

[0055] As discussed above, the disk backplane 71 contains the power and data connections for all of the hard drives, as well as the connections to the main power supplies, the battery backup unit and fans. All of the hard drives are Serial ATA hard drives and are hot-swappable. The individual power supplies connect to the disk backplane 71 through a power backplane 84. The I/O-board 80 connects to the disk backplane 71 through a combination of a Molex. hi-speed dock connector and a PowerBIade connector. For all differential pairs, and for some of the single-ended control signals, two 144- circuit hi-speed dock connectors 90, 91 as shown in Figure 9 are used. The fixed connector 90 is mounted on the disk backplane 71. The mating floating connector 91 is mounted on the I/O controller card 80. The I/O card 80 to disk backplane 71 connector pin-outs are set forth below in Tables 3 and 4.

Table 4 — I/O Card to Disk Backplane Molex Hi-Speed Dock Connector Pin-out

[0056] The I/O Card to disk backplane PowerBlade connector pin-out is set forth below in Table 5. The connector has 10 blades with a 3OA limit per blade. There are 20 signals pins. Three blades are used for 12V, giving a 9OA capability. Two blades are used for 5V, resulting in a 6OA capability.

Table 5 - I/O Card to Disk Backplane PowerBlade Connector Pin-out

[0057] The Mezzanine Connector Pin-outs are set forth below in Tables 6-9.

Table 6 - I/O Card to Processor Card Mezzanine Connector Pin-out

Pin Pin Pin Pin

# Pin Name # Pin Name # Pin Name # Pin Name

PROCO PCIX2 HTCTL N PROCO PCIX2 HTD ATA 10 P 91 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA4 N P12V

2 NO CONNECT GND 92 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA12 N 137 P12V

PROCO PCIX2 HTCTL P GND PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA4 P 138 P12V

4 NO CONNECT PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA1 N 94 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA12 P P12V

GND PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA9 95 P12V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA1 P 96 GND P12V

7 PROCO PCIX2 HTDAT A7 N PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA9 P PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA5 N P12V

8 PROCO PCIX2 HTDAT A15 N 53 GND 98 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA13 N P12V

9 PROCO PCIX2 HTDAT A7 P GND 99 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA5 P P12V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDAT A15 P PROCO PCIX2 HTDATAO N PCIX2 PROCO HTDATAI 3 P P12V

GND 56 PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA8 P 101 GND P1 2V

57 PROCO PCIX2 HTDATAO = GND P12V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA6 N 58 PROCO PCIX2 HT0ATA8 N PCIX2 PROCO HTDATAβ N P1 2V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA14 N GND PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA14 N P12V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA6 P GND PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA6 P P1 2V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA14 P PCIX2 PROCO HTDATAO N PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA14 P 151 P12V

GND 62 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA8 N GND 152 P1 2V

GND PCIX2 PROCO HTDATAO P12V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATAS N 64 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATAβ P PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA7 N P1 2V

20 PROCO PCIX2 HTDAT A13 N GND PCIX2 PROCO HTDATAI 5 N PI 2 V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA5 P PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA7 P PI 2V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA13 P PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA1 M PCIX2 PROCO HTDATAI 5 P P12V

GND PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA9 N P1 2V

24 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA1 = GND P12V

25 PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA4 N 70 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA9 PCIX2 PROCO HTCTL N P1 2V

26 PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA12 N 71 GND NO CONNECT P12V

27 PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA4 P 72 GND PCIX2 PROCO HTCTL P P1 2V

28 PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA12 P 73 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA2 N NO CONNECT P12V

74 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA10 N P1 2V

PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA2 = P12V

PROCO PCIX2 HTCLKO N PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA10 P PI 2V P1 2V

32 PROCO PCIX2 HTCLK1 N P12V P12V

PROCO PC1X2 HTCLKO P PI 2V P1 2V

PROCO PCIX2 HTCLK1 P PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA3 PI 2V P12V

PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA11 P12V P3 3V

36 PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA3 P12V P12V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA3 N PCIX2 PROCO HTDATA11 P12V P3 3V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA11 N GND PI 2V P12V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA3 P 84 GND P12V 3 3AUX

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA11 P 85 PCIX2 PROCO HTCLKO N PI 2V P12V

GND 86 PC1X2 PROCO HTCLK1 N P12V 176 3 3AUX

42 GND 87 PCIX2 PROCO HTCLKO P 132 PI 2V P12V

43 PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA2 N 88 PCIX2 PROCO HTCLK1 P 133 P12V 3 3AUX

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA10 N 89 GND P12V P12V

PROCO PCIX2 HTDATA2 P 90 GND P12V 3 3AUX

Table 7 — I/O Card to Processor Card Mezzanine Connector Pin-out

Table 8 — I/O Card to Processor Card Mezzanine Connector Pin-out

in Pin Pin Pin

# Pin Name # Pin Name # Pin Name # Pin Name

1 PCIX1 PROC 1 HTCTL N 46 PClXI PROC 1 HTDATA 1C P PROC 1 PCIX1 HTDATA4 N 136 SP HDT ENABLE L

2 NO CONNECT 47 GND 92 PROC 1 PCIX1 HTDATAI 2 N 137 GND

3 PCIX1 PROC 1 HTCTL P 48 GND 93 PROC 1 PCIX1 HTDATA4 P 138 GND

4 NO CONNECT 49 PCIXI PROC1 HTDATAI N 94 PROC 1 PC1X1 HTDATA12 P 139 PROCO PRESENT

S GND 50 PCIX1 PROC1 HTDATA9 N GND DDR A POWERGOOD L

GND 51 PCIX1 PROC 1 HTDATA1 P GND PROC1 PRESENT

PCIX1 PROC1 HTDATA7 N 52 PCIX1 PROC1 HTDATA9 P PROC1 PCIX1 HTDATA5 N DDR B POWERGOOD L

PCIXI PROCI HTDATA15 N 53 GND PROC1 PCIX1 HTDATA13 N HDT LDTRST L

PCIXI PROC1 HTOAT A7 P 54 GND PROCI PCIX1 HTDATA5 P GND

PCIX1 PROCI HTDATA15 P PCIXI PROC1 HTDATAO N PROCl PCIXI HTDATA13 P PROCO LDTRST L

GND PCIXI PROCl HTDATA8 N GND PROCI LDTRST L

GND PCIXl PROCl HTDATAO P GND PROCO LDTSTOP L

PCIX1 PROC 1 HTDATAS N PCIXI PROC1 HTDATA8 P PROC 1 PCIXl HTDATA6 N PROC 1 LDTSTOP L

PCIX1 PROC1 HTDATA14 N PROCI PCIX 1 HTDATA14 N GND

PCIX1 PROC1 HTDAT A6 P PROCI PCIXI HTDATA6 P GND

PCIX1 PROC 1 HTDATA14 P PROC1 PCIX 1 HTDATAO N PROCI PCIXI HTDATA14 P PROC PWROK

GND PROC1 PCIX1 HTDATA8 N GND PROCO CORE ENABLE

GND 63 PROC1 PCIX1 HTDATAO P GND SP HDT TRST L

PCIX1 PROC1 HTDAT A5 N 64 PR0C1 PCIX1 HTDATA8 P PR0C1 PCIX1 HTDATA7 N PROC1 CORE ENABLE

20 PCIX1 PROC1 HTDAT A13 N 65 GND 110 PROC 1 PCIX1 HTDATA15 N 155 GND

PCIX1 PROC1 HTDAT A5 P 66 GND 111 PR0C1 PCIX1 HTDATA7 P 156 GND

PCIX 1 PROC1 HTDAT A13 P 67 PROC1 PCIX 1 HTDATA1 N 112 PROC 1 PCIX1 HTDATA15 P 157 SP HDT TCK

GND 68 PROC1 PCIX1 HTDATA9 N 113 GND 158 DDR A ENABLE

24 GND 69 PROC- PCIX1 HTDATA1 P 114 GND 159 SP HDT TMS

25 PCIX1 PROC1 HTDATA4 N 70 PROC1 PCIX1 HTDATA9 P 115 PROC 1 PCIX1 HTCTL N 160 DDR B ENABLE

26 PCIX1 PROC 1 HTDATA12 N 71 GND 116 NO CONNECT 161 GND

27 PCIX1 PROC1 HTDATA4 P 72 GND 117 PROC 1 PCIX 1 HTCTL P 162 GND

28 PCIX1 PROC1 HTDATA12 P 73 PROC1 PCIX1 HTDATA2 N 118 NO CONNECT 163 SP HDT TDI

29 GND 74 PROC1 PClX 1 HTDAT A10 N 119 GND 164 PO VRM PRESENT L

30 GND 75 PR0C1 PCIX 1 HTDATA2 120 GND 165 PROCO PR0C1 TDX

31 PCIX1 PROCI HTCLKO N 76 PROC1 PCIX 1 HTDATA10 P 121 PROCO I2C CLK 166 P1 VRM PRESENT L

32 PCIX1 PROC1 HTCLK 1 N 77 GND 122 THERM L 167 GND

33 PCIX1 PROCI HTCLKO P 78 GND 123 PROCO I2C DAT 168 GND

34 PCIX1 PROCI HTCLK 1 P 79 PROC1 PC1X1 HTDATA3 M 124 SYSMON INT L 169 SP PROCO DBREQ L

35 GND 80 PROC PCIX1 HTDATA11 N 125 GND 170 PROCC CLK P

3S GND 81 PROC1 PCIX1 HTDATA3 P 126 GND 171 PROCO DBRDY

37 PCIX1 PROC1 HTDAT A3 N 82 PROC PCIX1 HTDAT A11 P 127 PR0C1 I2C CLK 172 PROCO CLK N

38 PC1X1 PROCI HTDATA11 N 83 GND 128 PO CORE POWERGOOD 173 GND

39 PCIX1 PROC1 HTDATA3 P 84 GND 129 PROC 1 I2C DAT 174 GND

40 PCIX1 PROCi HTDATA11 P 85 PROC1 PCIX1 HTCLKO N 130 P1 CORE POWERGOOD 175 V RTC BATT

41 GND 86 PROC PCIX1 HTCLK 1 I* 131 GND 176 PROC1 CLK P

42 GND 87 PROC- PCIX1 HTCLKO P 132 GND 177 MEZZ SENSE L

43 PCIX1 PROC1 HTDATA2 N 88 PROC1 PCIX 1 HTCLK1 P 133 SP I2C CLK 178 PROC 1 CLK N

44 PCIX1 PROC1 HTDATA10 N 89 GND 134 THERMTRIP L 179 GND

45 PCIXI PROCI HTDATA2 P 90 GND SP I2C DAT 180 GND

Table 9— I/O Card to Processor Card Mezzanine Connector Pin-out

[0058] Figure 10 shows the face plate 100 for the Controller Assembly. Three printed circuit boards (PCBs) are included in this assembly and all of the other assemblies/field replaceable units plug into these PCBs. The three PCBs are the disk backplane, the power backplane, and the indicator board. The disk backplane connects to the System Controller Assembly, the hard drives, and the fan trays. The disk backplane also includes the front USB ports. The power backplane connects to the three power supplies which provide power to the disk backplane. The disk backplane serves as the central point for the chassis. All field replaceable units plug into the disk backplane.

[0059] The Power Backplane-to-Disk Backplane Connector Pin-out is set forth below in Table 10. The connector has 10 blades with a 30A limit per blade. There are 24 signals pins. Five blades are used for 12V, giving a 15OA capability.

Table 10 - Power Backplane to Disk Backplane Connector Pin-out

[0060] The Power Supply Connector Pin-out is set forth below in Table

Table 1 1 — Power Supply Output Connector Pin-out

[0061 ] The Controller Assembly includes an Inter-IC Communication bus

(I2C), which is a 2-pin serial bus used to control some of the basic system management features. The I/O Board and Service Processor include EEPROMs, fan controllers, power supply monitors, etc., which are used to monitor the health and status of the system. In some cases, such as temperature, a separate interrupt immediately alerts the processors in case of a problem.

[0062] The CPLD, located on the I/O Board, handles Battery Backup failover.

This is done to enable the quickest transition to battery power upon loss of AC power. The CPLD detects the type of unit in each power bay. Power bays 0 and 1 are power supplies. Power bay 2 can either be a power supply or a battery backup unit. The battery backup unit may be, as an example, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) unit. A battery backup unit is indicated by assertion of the PS2_BATT_L signal (driven low). This signal is connected to Pin D4 of the power supply connectors and is grounded inside the battery backup unit.

[0063] When power-on sequence is initiated, the power supplies are enabled and the battery is not enabled. When all power supplies indicate failure, the CPLD will assert the ENABLE signal to the battery. The ENABLE signals going to the power supplies remain asserted. The Service Processor detects the switch to battery power and signals the operating system (OS) to power down after a given interval. During that interval, the CPLD will monitor the PS signals. If a power supply recovers and reasserts its POWEROK signal - either AC power is restored or a new power supply is installed - the CPLD disables the battery.

[0064] The Service Processor detects the failover to battery power and notifies the OS. The SP detects the failover to battery power by observing the POWEROK signal of the battery. If this is ever asserted, that means the system has switched to battery power. The SP waits for a given interval to determine whether AC power is restored or if a new power supply is inserted.

If the time on battery power exceeds the given interval, the SP signals the OS to start a rapid shutdown.

[0065] Also, the SP logs the event. Thus, if too many power failure events occur, the SP can flag a problem. The SP also tracks the amount of time that the battery is powering the system, so that the battery can be replaced at the appropriate time. This information is stored in the EEPROM of the BBU. The OS has a rapid shutdown routine triggered by the SP notification. This shuts the system down within 4 minutes.

[0066] Connector pin-outs for various SunFire x4500 system connectors are set forth below. The USB connector is shown in figure 16 and the pin-outs are shown below in table 12.

Table 12 — USB connector pin-out

[0067] The Serial connector is shown in figure 17 and the pin-outs are shown below in table 13.

Table 13 — Serial connector pin-out

[0068] The 10/100BaseT connector is shown in figure 18 and the pin-outs are shown below in table 14.

Table 14 - 1/lOOBaseT Connector pin-out

[0069] The 10/100/lOOOBaseT connector is shown in figure 19 and the pin-outs are shown below in table 15.

Table 15 - 10/100/ l OOOBaseT Connector pin-out

[0070] The S-ATA connector is shown in figure 20 and the pin-outs are shown below in table 16.

to

pin-out

[0071] The VGA connector is shown in figure 21 and the pin-outs are shown below in table 17.

Table 17 — VGA connector pin-out

While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the ait, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate that other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as disclosed herein. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.