| DE2258161A1 | 1974-06-12 | |||
| FR1442412A | 1966-06-17 | |||
| FR1410946A | 1965-09-10 | |||
| DE8518562U1 | 1985-09-12 | |||
| DE2342096A1 | 1975-03-13 | |||
| GB2080361A | 1982-02-03 | |||
| EP0059776A1 | 1982-09-15 | |||
| US1988147A | 1935-01-15 | |||
| DE3309058A1 | 1984-09-20 | |||
| FR902768A | 1945-09-12 |
| 1. | Large, composite panel of manycoloured marble on a fixing support for coverings and furnishing components, characterized by the fact that it is composed of: a flat support layer preferably in plastic material (b); a thin marble covering (a) glued to the support (b) composed of a variety of geometric figures in a mosaic form which can have a different, manycoloured aspect (1 ,1', 2,2'....), with the respective finished surface dressed flat; the panel having a fixing profile round the perimeter of its respective edges (c) to allow assemblage on the same plane. |
| 2. | Large panel with marble surface, as per claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the support of the marble layer (b) is in expanded plastic material. |
| 3. | Large panel with marble surface, as per claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the support of the surface layer of marble (b) is in expanded polyurethane. |
| 4. | Large panel with marble surface, as per claim 1, characterized by the fact that the support of the surface layer of marble (b) is in rigid expanded polyurethane of average high density, values between 4060 kg/cu.m. |
| 5. | Large panel with marble surface, as per claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the thickness of the respective support (b) is between 1.5 and 4.5 cm, preferably 2 cm, while the layer of glued covering marble (a) is 0.61 cm thick, preferably 0.8 cm. |
| 6. | Large panel with marble surface, as per claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the edge of the respective lower support (b) is grooved to a width of 24 mm, preferably 3 mm, and to a depth of 1025 mm, preferably 15 mm, in order to allow composition on the same plane by intermediate joining fillets (c) inserted between the opposite grooves of the opposite panels to be matched. |
| 7. | Large panel with marble surface, as per claim 1 , characterized by the fact that peripherically is grooved to allow insertion of "T"shaped joining fillets (c), this ones being associated with a corresponding "L"shaped support profile (d) to fix the respective panels (A) to the surface be covered (B). |
| 8. | Large square with marble surface, as per claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the geometric designs of the respective surface compositions of the marble coverings (a) involve elements which are essentially quadrangular. |
| 9. | Large square with marble surface, as per claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the geometric designs of the respective marblelayer surface compositions (a) involve elements which are essentially polygonal (1 ,1 ',2,2'). |
| 10. | Large square with marble surface, as per claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the geometric designs of the respective marblelayer surface compositions (a) involve elements which are essentially quadrangular or triangular (1 ,1', 2, 2'). |
The subject of the invention is a large composite square of polychromatic marble on a built-in support for tiling and furnishing components such as, for example, flooring and also for wall coverings etc., for kitchen furniture surfaces or for tables, etc.
In the present state of art it is known that marble is extracted in blocks of great dimensions which are then cut into slabs of similar dimensions depending on the respective use. This involves a considerable waste deriving from the blocks of small dimensions.
In the context of the present invention, slabs of large dimensions refer to those which have dimensions decidedly larger than the traditional tile size, that is to say, squares measuring about a metre each side more or less. In the case of utilizing the slabs, subject of the use of this invention, the necessity of utilizing thicknesses which are proportionally considerable is known, and therefore the cost of raw material and the weight of the manufactured article is always a negative factor. Furthermore, in the case of realizing a flooring, it is necessary to effect surface levelling by dressing after laying. In conclusion, the disadvantages of floorings laid according to the classic process and realized in squares of various dimensions are as follows: - the cost of the material increases depending on the dimensions of the squares; the bigger the dimension of the square the higher the cost due to scrap of the initial unfinished product, - the smaller the squares or the more complex the eventual design to be carried out, the greater the cost of installation, - the thickness available and necessary to realize flooring is about 5 cm, 2 cm of which
are occupied by the marble and 3 cm by the mixture of sand and cement necessary for fixing to the original structure, - total weight of the flooring, about 125 kg/sq.m., - time necessary for installation, about 30 days. Before dressing and polishing, which must be done on the spot, it is necessary to wait for the mixture of sand and cement to set completely, - heat insulation and sound-proofing are non-existent.
As the coverings realized according to the traditional method use the same article which is used for floorings and therefore have a very heavy intrinsic weight, they need special devices for anchoring to the supporting structure. Eventual designs with different coloured marble are extremely expensive. Following a more recent method, coverings are realized with small marble squares generally with dimensions of 30.5 x 30.5 cm (one square foot), thickness 7-8 mm, polished with bevelled edges (chamfered) which are suitable almost exclusively for tiling bathrooms or kitchens of civil houses. These small squares present in any case the following inconveniences: - the chamfering renders the products practically similar to ceramic, thus depreciating a fine material, - the material is not suitable for designs; - perfectly levelled plaster is necessary for installation, - do not give heat insulation or sound-proofing, - the application carried out with adhesives which necessarily have plastic characteristics, does not give a guarantee against a possible, successive unsticking. The scope of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned inconveniences.
According to the characteristics given in the attached claims, this invention solves the problem by realizing large squares composed of: - a flat support layer, preferably in plastic material with metallic profiles inserted for
secure anchoring; - a thin covering of marble, stuck to the support and composed of various geometric figures put together like mosaic which could present a different, many-coloured aspect, with the respective surface dressed flat; - the perimeter of the panel is equipped with a profile to fix the respective edges in an obligatory flat assembly.
The support panel is conveniently in rigid, expanded plastic material having an average- high density equal to 50/60 kg/cu.m. The type of glue used is an epoxide glue. The thickness of the support panel shall be about 2 cm whereas the layer of marble glued to it shall be 0.6-1 cm, and preferably 0.8 cm. In the optimum solution the thickness of the edge of the support is grooved to a width of 2-4 mm, preferably 3 mm, and to a depth of 10-25 mm, preferably 15 mm. The flat .fixing to the adjacent panel during installation, which could be done by glueing or even by simple laying or other known techniques, shall be carried out by corresponding fixing fillets between the opposite grooves of the two panels to be matched.
The advantages obtained by this solution consist essentially in that nearly all the raw material is utilized, even the slabs of small dimensions which would otherwise be considered as scrap, and the quantity of marble used is noticeably less in relation to the surfaces covered; the flat surface finishing of the single panels is carried out in the factory thus avoiding the high cost of dressing on the spot after laying; many-coloured designs and effects of the covering are obtained without the elevated costs of marquetry work; a perfect flat jointing of the various panels without interstices which gives the same result as dressing after laying.
The floors realized according to this invention, for example in large panels of sizes up to 1m x 1m, dressed and polished, present the following decisive advantages: - cost, of the material is independent of the dimensions and design preferred,
- cost of laying is very contained; - thickness necessary for the installation is very contained and is equal, on an average, to about 2.5 cm; - overall weight of the flooring is also extremely contained and equal to about 25 kg/sq.m; - time necessary for the installation is short and equal to about 4 days; - excellent thermal insulation and sound-proofing. The following advantages are present for tiling or coverings: - the use of big panels which nevertheless present a perfect level when laid and have a limited number of interstices of contained dimensions, - a great variety of designs without increase in costs, - application can be made on unfinished walls or even on unplastered walls, - thermal insulation and sound-proofing, - the respective work for the respective fixing is easy as the application is effected with metallic or plastic profiles, and it is possible to disassemble and re-use or substitute the deteriorated parts.
The invention is hereafter explained in more detail with the help of the drawings showing one of the preferential solutions for realization, the execution details of which are not intended to be limiting but only as examples. Figure 1 gives a partial schematic prospect of a panel as per the invention; Figures 2 and 3 give other designs; Figure 4 shows a method of installing wall coverings. As can be seen in the above-mentioned figures, the large panel is indicated by (A) while the respective support is indicated by (B, e.g. the wall in fig. 4). The large panel is composed of a support panel in expanded polyurethane (b), 20 mm thick with an 8 mm layer of marble (a) glued on. This layer is composed of pieces (1 ,1", 2,2'....) geometrically assembled in the pattern desired and glued with epoxide resin. The edge of the support panel (b) is perimetrically grooved (3) to receive a
corresponding, opposed double-tongued, jointing fillet for laying; this may be a simple fillet to connect floorings, or a fillet with a shank, that is to say, a T-shaped form (c) for installation as wall covering, together with supporting profiles or brackets which are preferably L-shaped (d). Naturally the execution details may be varied without altering the invention's field of protection defined by the characteristics given in the attached claims.