FÜLÖP, Levente (Bartók B. ut 29, Vonyarcvashegy, H-8314, HU)
FÜZFA, János (Esztergomi ut 20, Budapest, H-1133, HU)
SZAKÄCS, László (Hõsök tere 4, Soltvadkert, H-6230, HU)
FÜLÖP, Levente (Bartók B. ut 29, Vonyarcvashegy, H-8314, HU)
FÜZFA, János (Esztergomi ut 20, Budapest, H-1133, HU)
SZAKÄCS, László (Hõsök tere 4, Soltvadkert, H-6230, HU)
| PATENT CLAIMS
I.I Bioactive additive composition characterized by the fact that it contains at least three of the following components:
- quaternary ammonium salt
- SMM ( S-methyl-methionine-sulfonium)
- rare earth metal - salt mixture
- polyunsaturated fatty acid containing 12 - 18 carbon atoms
- aliphatic alcohol containing 2 - 4 carbon atoms, preferably, bioethanol.
2.1 The additive composition according to the 1. claim item, characterized by the fact that it has the form of an aqueous solution.
3./ The additive composition according to the 2. claim item, characterized by the fact that a 1 liter quantity of the aqueous solution contains individual components as follows:
- 0,5 - 3 mass % quaternary ammonium salt
- 0.003 - 0,45 mass % SMM
- 0,00014 - 0,0004 mass % rare earth metal-salt mixture
- 0,9 - 11 mass % polyunsaturated fatty acid containing 12 - 18 carbon atoms
- 0,9 - 4,5 mass % aliphatic alcohol containing 2 - 4 carbon atoms, preferably, bioethanol.
A.I Application of the additive composition according to any of the 1-3. claim items in solid fuels.
5./ Application of the additive composition according to any of the 1-3. claim items in liquid fuels.
6.1 Application of the additive composition according to any of the 1-3. claim items in gaseous fuels.
1.1 Application of the additive composition according to any of the 1-3. claim items in the preparation of compounds by biological means.
8./ Application of the additive composition according to any of the 1-3. claim items for the treatment of oil as well as municipal and industrial wastewater sludge.
9.1 Application of SMM ( S -methlyl-methionine-sulfonium) in additives used for the acceleration and perfection of chemical reactions and complex chemical reaction processes. |
COMPOSITION OF ADDITIVE
The subject of the invention is a bioactive additive composition, especially such a bioactive additive composition which is equally suitable for the acceleration and perfection of simple chemical reactions and complex biochemical reaction processes. A further subject of the invention is the application of the invented additive in solid, liquid and gaseous fuels.
In the past centuries, the rapid development of industry and agriculture has simultaneously brought about the intense growth in use of various fuels. It is commonly known that today, the fuel reserves of the Earth are about to be depleted, therefore, new methods are being tried to elaborate fuel-saving industrial and agricultural processes.
One of the most important field where fuels are used is automotive industry. Around the middle of the 1980s, the automotive industry recognized that the great reduction of fuel and the related societal demands necessitate the market introduction of new, so-called "small automobiles".
However, by now, the structure of the auto industry has been completely transformed, as a result of changing societal needs, the new vehicle types are getting ever bigger and their engines are stronger, and although they satisfy the environmental norms in every respect, their fuel consumption is getting higher.
This again increases the demand for procedures or materials by which the use of fuels can be significantly reduced.
Due to the state of the art of technology, numerous methods or materials are known the inventors of which have set as an objective to implement a more economical use of various fuels.
The most characteristic examples for this are perhaps the various additives for reduction of consumption applied at motor vehicles which are distributed under various fantasy names (e. g. Restore, Prolong). These materials enter the combustion space of the engine along with the fuel and the create a protective layer on the various components on the engine, for example on the cylinder walls or the pistons as a result of which the fuel consumption decreases and engine lifetime is also dramatically increased.
Such a process and additive is described for instance in the Hungarian patent report no. P0300105 published on May 28, 2004, in which the reduction of fuel use is achieved in the phosphorus-containing additive added to fuel and creating a protective coating in the combustion space.
The basic principle of these materials or procedures in each case (as mentioned before) is the reduction of friction and thereby, the minimization of wear of moving parts, the direct consequences of which is a certain level of fuel saving.
However, a great disadvantage of these materials or methods is that the fuel saving itself is achieved by the application of further synthetic materials which are continuously exhausted from the combustion spaces of the respective facilities and involve serious environmental pollution risks.
Based on the above, a serious demand has arisen for methods or materials which give rise a significant saving on fuel without the emission of any hazardous material to the environment during their use.
Thus, the objective of the present invention is the elaboration of an additive or additive composition and its suitable application with which the advantages of state-of-the-art materials and methods can be all preserved or even more favorable results can be achieved than described therein, but their disadvantages can be fully eliminated.
According to the present invention, we will achieve the objective by producing a composition of additives by which simple chemical reactions and complex biochemical reaction processes, so for example, the process of combustion can be accelerated and rendered more perfect, and in which only those materials are used in the combustion of which no harmful materials are released to the environment and the equipment used for the combustion of the respective material suffers no damage, at all.
According to the above, the subject of the invention is an additive composition containing at least three of the following component:
- quaternary ammonium salt
- SMM ( S-methyl-methionine-sulfonium)
- rare earth metal - salt mixture
- polyunsaturated fatty acid containing 12-18 carbon atoms
- aliphatic alcohol with 2-4 carbon atoms, preferably bioethanol
A surprising and new element of our invention is the application of SMM. This material is of great significance mainly due to its important role in various biochemical processes, but no such process has become know by now in which this material was applied in the additive composition and for the objective described in the present invention.
Consequently, a further subject of the invention is the application of SMM (S- methylmethionine-sulfonium) in additives used for the acceleration and perfection of chemical reactions.
For example, one liter aqueous solution of the additive composition described in the invention contains the additives in the following quantities:
- 0,5 - 3 mass % quaternary ammonium salt
- 0,003 - 0,45 mass % SMM
- 0,00014 - 0,0005 % rare earth metal - salt mixture.
0,9- 11 mass% polyunsaturated fatty acid containing 12- 18 carbon atoms
0,9 -4,5 mass % aliphatic alcohol containing 2-4 carbon atoms, preferably bioethanol
A further subject is the invention is the application of the additive composition described in the invention in fuels, such as in solid, liquid and gaseous fuels.
In the course of the application, we add the composition of additives described in the invention in a quantity of 5-25 mass % to the respective fuels.
The advantage of the additive composition and its application is that the combustion of various fuels is perfected. A further advantage is that as a result of a more perfect reaction, biotechnological syntheses built on these processes will be more efficient, as well, and significant environmental advantages can be achieved in the event that the industrial treatment rate of biological, chemical and wastewater sludges (oil and municipal sludges) based on similar principles can be greatly accelerated.
According to the above, a further subject of the invention is the application of the additive composition described in the invention in biological preparation of various compounds as well as in treatment and purification of oil, municipal and industrial wastewater sludge.
We can more precisely present our invention via the following example.
We wish to note that the examples are merely for illustration and they are by no means regarded as restrictive for the range of protection for our invention.
1. Example.
We have filled up the previously emptied 2000 cm3 gasoline fuel tank of a 17 year old Toyota Carina II with gasoline of 95 octane number, and to insure the accuracy of the experiment, we have bought a further 5 liter amount. We could drive 65.8 km with the 5 liters of gasoline, which corresponds to a consumption of 7.6 liters/100 km.
After the fuel tank was emptied this way, we have poured our bioactive additive composition making up for 12% of the 5 liters of gasoline regarded as control, i. e. 0.6 liters, and added 4.4 liters of gasoline.
With the gasoline mixture made with the 5 liters of bioactive additive composition (according to our invention), we could drive 72.0 km, which represents a consumption of 6.6 liters/ 100 km. This represents an increased efficiency of 13.2%.
In the course of the experimental measurement, we were driving in both cases on a motorway, at a steady speed of 90 km/h.
2. Example
In the last year, due to the cold weather, the fermentation of white grape juice was slow, and at the end, it switched to acetic acid then lactic acid fermentation. In order to prevent the incorrect direction of fermentation, we have adjusted the following experiment for the juice of our red grape harvested late. ;
We have added 40 liters each of the grape juice to 2 wooden barrels of 50 liters each. We placed the barrels directly next to each other. A
To one of the barrels containing grape juice, we have added 3% quantity, i. e. 1.2 liters of the bioactive additive described in the invention.
We have not added anything to the second barrel of grape juice, which was used as a control.
The grape juice started intensive boiling in both barrels on the 3. day. In the control sample, the "boiling" of the grape juice decreased intensively on the 5. day, whereas in the case of the experimental sample, "boiling" was steady from the 5. to the 8. day.
On the 12. day, we collected samples and determined the total sugar content of grape juices, which "residual sugar" in the sample containing bioactive additives was 6.8 g/1 whereas in the control sample, it was 9.3 g/1.
This represented an improvement of 13.9% in sugar transformation.
However, the most significant result of our experiment was that upon inspection of the control by our natural senses, we have detected increased volatility and acetic fermentation, whereas the fragrance and flavor of the experimental batch was pure and harmonic.
3. Example
On a duck farm, we have disinfected a poultry house of 400 m2 (2.5 m high) with formaldehyde gas by putting into a bowl 6 liters of 30% formaldehyde solution and closing off the house hermetically and heating it up to 40 0 C. After 2 hours, the formaldehyde solution became completely gaseous and covered the whole house in a non-transparent way as well-known from previous practice.
Simultaneously, we have also prepared another stall with the same surface area and height for disinfection, but in this case, we have added 15% of bioactive additive according to the 6. example and only set the temperature of the poultry house to 25 0 C.
Despite this, the gasification of formaldehyde to the above extent took place within 1.5 hours.
The result of the example has justified that our invention is highly useful for acceleration of reactions in the gas phase and for facilitating the entry of reaction partners into the gas phase.
4. Example
2 kg of coal slurry was drenched with 0.6 kg (30%) of bioactive additive and another 2 kg batch of coal slurry was mixed with 1.6 kg (30%) of pure water.
Both samples were put into a same-size iron pot each and were heated at the same flame intensity.
The sample treated with pure water was burning for 35 minutes and was smoldering whereas the sample with the additive was burning only for 29 minutes which means that the bioactive additive according to our invention has accelerated combustion by 17%.
Moreover, inflammation occurred 3 minutes earlier, and the ash residue was bony white, whereas that of the control sample was grayish, which was an indication of elemental carbon residues.
5. Example
2 sample spaces of 10 x 10 x 40 cm were formed.
Both were filled up with yellow sand mixed with 5% mineral oil. We have steadily sprinkled the control prism with earthworm humus solution (which solution as well-known today, has an oil decomposing enzyme activity)
The same system was used for the experimental prism to water it with earthworm humus solution of the same quantity and regularity, with the only difference that previously, we had added 9% bioactive additive composition to the solution.
After 3 weeks of treatment, the control prism became water permeable and after 6 weeks it became completely free of mineral oil odor.
The earthworm humus solution with the additive rendered the sand in the prism water permeable after 16 days of treatment and after 34 days, it became odorless and friable.
The result proves that our invention and the bioactive additive and additive composition prepared on its basis can be used for the elimination of materials that are polluting the environment.
6. Example
The bioactive additive and additive composition applied in Examples 1-5 is prepared in such a way that 2 g of S-methylmethionine sulfonium chloride is dissolved in 500 ml of drinking water, 0.03 g of lanthanum acetate and 20 g of choline lactate are added, then, under steady stirring, 50 g linoleic acid is poured in a thin jet to the mixture. We increase the volume of the resulting solution to 980 ml with drinking water. The resulting solution of 980 ml final volume is poured in a thick jet on 20 ml of bioethanol.