Field Of The Invention

This invention pertains to a treatment regimen for drug addicts and alcoholics. More particularly, it provides a method which totally and rapidly detoxifies the subject while inhibiting manifestation of with- drawal symptoms and eliminating the physiological/psy¬ chological "guts craving"/ and at the same time re¬ builds the nutritional health of the patient.

Background Of The Invention

Drug _. addiction and alcoholism are serious social problems. Many addictive drugs are now being abused in the United States and the rest of the world at high cost to society. Vast sums of money are spent in treatment and rehabilitation programs in a futile effort to solve the problem. As illicit narcotics are expensive, it is not uncommon for an addict to engage in criminal enterprises, such as robbery or theft, to obtain the money necessary to support his or her drug habits.

Current approaches to heroin addiction include methodone maintenance programs where a government sponsored narcotic, methodone, is substituted for the illegal narcotic, heroin. This method is self-defeat¬ ing because methodone is itself addicting and one form of drug addiction is merely substituted for another. In fact, this method does not free the patient from drug addiction.

SUBSTITU ' ° ^MPI

Another approach to heroin addiction is a simple withdrawal program, otherwise known as "cold turkey", where the addict is physically prevented from ingesting the addicting drug, i.e., jail. Consequently the addict goes through a withdrawal period marked by severe muscle spasms, chills, lacramation, diarrhea, vomiting, and a continuing "guts craving" for the narcotic. The "cold turkey" method involves a not inconsiderable amount of pain and for this reason is dreaded and avoided by addicts.

Another method of withdrawal from addicting drugs is the methadone detox method. A progressively reduced dose of methadone is given until a zero dose is reached at the twentyfirst day. The addicted patient comes away "sick" and still has the "guts craving" for drugs, hence the patient returns to drug usage to "get well" from the methadone detox.

-&n additional method of drug detox is the use of valium, darvon, darvon-n, etc. to symptomatically assist the individual off the offending drug. This technique is also unsatisfactory.

Alcoholism is another serious and costly social problem. Aside from the expense of treating severe cases of alcoholism, the social cost in terms of lost productivity, and benefits paid to families of alcohol¬ ics in the form of disability insurance, are consider¬ able. Current approaches to alcoholism include a method of alcohol loading to induce sickness, after which unpleasant con rontations are initiated to stimulate aversion to drinking.

^{o lm}

There is also the electrode method of stimulus-re¬ sponse to create aversion. An alcoholic is given a drink and as the drink is raised to the lips he or she receives an uncomfortable electric stimulus.

^* 5

There is also the supportive A-A concept of "cold turkey" detox which encourages the alcoholic to admit he or she has hit bottom as an alcoholic in order to induce a desire to get well.

10

All the above approaches, and others known to date, treat alcoholism or drug addiction as a problem essentially confined to preventing ingestion of the offending substance. All require anywhere from 72

25 hours to ^' 21 days to accomplish detoxification, which, with withdrawal symptoms, is a slow and painful process. None do anything to reduce either withdrawal symptoms or the "guts craving" for the narcotizing substance. Slight, if any, attention is directed toward the

2o patient's nutritional health or lack thereof. Once the patient is released from the cocoon environment of these programs, he or she alone must cope with the stress of everyday life and not infrequently returns to the drug environment.

25

There is need for a method for rapidly detoxifying drug or alcohol addicts, which both blocks withdrawal symptoms and eliminates the "guts craving" effect. The need extends to a regimen which provides the subject 0 with adequate tools for handling the stress of everyday life.

Summary ^' Of The Invention

In accordance with the described needs, there is provided both a therapeutic detoxifying composition and method for treating alcoholics and drug addicts, and those dependent on a toxic substance, which addresses substance abuse as a metabolic problem. In its most complete aspects, the method addresses both detoxifi¬ cation and rehabilitation.

The compos'ition comprises sodium ascorbate, magnesium chloride, calcium gluconate, and thiamine hydrochloride in a saline solution, all in specified proportions. The composition is endowed with polyde- toxifying properties, and is effective for detoxifying a patient while blocking withdrawal symptoms and "guts craving".

The new detoxification method utilizes the thera- peutic composition for substantially detoxifying a human in about 8 to 20 hours. First, ingestion of offending substances is interrupted and cut-off. The patient is then administered sodium ascorbate, prefer¬ ably orally, in divided doses of about 4 to about 8 grams every two hours, for six hours unless the patient first experiences diarrhea, in which case the sodium ascorbate doses are discontinued. Concurrently with the administration of sodium ascorbate, preferably there are administered sufficient calcium for inhibit- ing muscle cramping and spasm, and sufficient magnesium for maintaining that calcium which is excretable from the subject in non-insoluble species. Preferably sufficient Vitamin B-l is administered

for controlling symptoms of neuri-cis, supplemented by a sublingually administered Vitamin B-12 lozenge booster.

About six hours after star ing treatment, the method further comprises parenterally administering a sufficient: volume of the therapeutic detoxifying composi- ion for blocking withdrawal symptoms while rapidly accomplishing substantially complete detoxifi¬ cation. Depending on individual biochemistry, detoxi- fication is accomplished preferably within a period of 8 to 12 hours after start of treatment for πiosi problem substances.

The following day, rehabilitation begins with sodium ascorbate, calcium and magnesium given in one or two divided dosages in the same concentrations as before, but discontinued if diarrhea develops. Prefer¬ ably 2000 mg Vitamin Bl and three sublingual Vitamin B12 lozenge are also given daily.

Rehabilitation of healthy metabolism for all substance abusers is intensified at this time with selected dosages of zinc, pantothenic acid, and amino acids supplemented with Vitamins A and B-6. The zinc and pantothenic acid is continued through return of appetite to aid recharging of adrenals. Multi-mineral and multi-vitamin formulas are thereafter administered for the remainder of the treatment, which usually lasts about two weeks.

For alcohol treatment, the treatment is the same as with drugs, except that additional substances are given after detoxification. These are a lipotrates formula, supplemented with digestive and pancreatic enzymes, giutamine, N,N dime-

thylglycine, lecithin, and three sublingual B-12 lozenges daily.

The patient is preferably given a series of metabolic tests before and during the treatment and is cared for on an outpatient basis thereafter, with dietary supplementation as necessary tailored for individual metabolic needs.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET

1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

This invention provides a therapeutic detoxifying composition and treatment method for alcoholics and ^* 5 drug addicts, and those dependent on or exposed to a narcotizing or toxic substance, which rapidly detoxi¬ fies the subject while blocking withdrawal symptoms and the "guts craving" effect.

10 As used herein, "narcotic" or "narcotising sub¬ stance" is used interchangeably with "offending sub¬ stance" or "toxic substance, " and is used to mean any of the substances which are abused, or cause a physical or psychological dependence, or to which the patient

15 has been exposed, and is the problem substance for which the patient is referred for treatment. Examples of narcotising substances which are capable of treat¬ ment by this invention include, but are not limited to, alcohol, heroin, opium, methodone, cocaine, marijuana,

20 .LSD, PCP (so-called "Angel Dust"), barbiturates, tobacco, hashish, ganja, mescaline, Agent Orange and other illicit or prescription drugs or medications, or toxic chemicals. Presently, it appears that this invention is capable of detoxifying any substance

25 within a 24-hour period.

The compositions of the present invention endowed with polydetoxifying properties, especially with regard to alcohol or drugs, comprise sodium ascorbate, calcium 3 _Q gluconate, magnesium chloride, and thiamine hydrochlo¬ ride in a normal saline solution.

-a-

The saline solution is preferably a 0.9% normal solution of sodium chloride. Sodium chloride keeps electrolyte levels of the red blood cells in balance. Its normality is selected to be compatible with blood serum, so that, if injected, the solution will not appreciably alter the osmolarity of blood serum or cause ho olysis of red blood cells. The saline solution irrigates the circulatory system and guards against dehydration if diarrhea develops.

Present in the saline solution is at least 10 grams, and preferably about 12.5 grams, of sodium ascorbate.

Sodium ascorbate is beneficial both for its strong detoxifying powers and its blocking powers which strongly attenuate withdrawal symptoms , and for clear¬ ing up Vitamin C deficiencies, which, when pronounced, cause disorders such as bleeding gums, inadequate collagen formation, poor wound healing, inadequate stress mechanism, and insufficient hormonal manufac¬ ture. Sodium ascorbate is preferred over other salts of ascorbic acid because sodium is an antagonist to morphine molecules and buffers ascorbate to a pH which is compatible with the circulatory system.

The term "withdrawal symptoms" as used herein is intended to include those symptoms known to those skilled in the art attendant upon forced discontinua¬ tion of ingestion of a narcotic substance, and includes vomiting, severe muscle spasms, agitation, lacramation from the nose and eyes, uncontrollable urination, nausea, and, in severe cases, convulsions, respira¬ tory failure, and cardiac arrest. This type of symp- tontology

is, for example, observable during the "cold turkey" withdrawal method of treating either drug or alcohol addiction.

Calcium gluσonate addresses calcium deficiency, controls muscle spasm and cramping, and nourishes nerves, muscle, and bones. It enhances absorption of sodium ascorbate. Calcium gluconate is presently preferred over other salts of calcium because it causes 0 minimal irritation to the system when injected. Calcium gluconate is present in a preferred dosage of about 200 mg. to about 400 mg. in a 1000- cc volume of the saline solution.

Magnesium chloride has a calming effect on the patient. It also has anti-convulsive properties, regulates blood pressure and enhances absorption of the calcium ion. The magnesium present also maintains the calcium ion in soluble form and thus aids in the o prevention of formation of calcium oxalate crystals in the urinary tract. From about 400 mg to about 800 mg magnesium chloride is preferably present in 1000 cc of the saline solution.

Thiamine hydrochloride nourishes the nervous system by promoting better nerve transmission, and controls symptoms of neuritis, such as agitation, nervousness, burning soles of feet, shaky hands, shaky fingers, and quivers, and, for alcoholics, symptoms of delirium tremens . This ingredient is present in a preferred dosage of about 500-1000 mg in a 1000 cc saline solution, although up to 10 g can be present if needed to control shakiness of the patient.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET OMPI

The ingredients of the composition are available commercially in the correct proportions for a 1000 cc composition as solutions contained in 5 or 10 cc sterile vials without preservatives. To an approxi¬ mately 900-950 cc volume of the saline solution are added the ingredients, and sufficient saline solution is then added to reach a 1000 cc volume, which is then ready for administration to the patient. While the preferred concentration ranges of the ingredients have been given with respect to a 1000 cc volume of solu¬ tion, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that lesser or greater volumes can be prepared with the ingredients present in equivalent concentrations.

The composition is preferably administered paren¬ terally at a rate such that 1000 cc are "run" into the patient in about 2 to about 4 hours. The rate can be speeded up if necessary, to control withdrawal symp¬ toms, muscle cramping or spasm, or shakiness.

Below, non-limiting examples are given of formulas for the composition of this invention.

Formula No. 1 - Parenteral Solution

Sodium ascorbate 12.5 g Calcium gluconate 400 mg Magnesium Chloride 800 mg Thiamine Hydrochloride 1000 mg 0.9% normal NaCl 1000 cc

Formula No. 2 - Parenteral Solution

Sodium ascorbate 12.5 g Calcium gluconate 200 mg

1 Magnesium Chloride 400 mg

Thiamine Hydrochloride 500 mg 0.9% normal NaCl 1000 cc

'5 The solution can be given either intravenously

(IV) or intramuscularly ( IM) but IV is presently preferred. The patient can be started on a 1000 cc dosage and given additional 1000 cc or smaller volumes as needed to effect detoxification while preventing

10 dehydration and blocking withdrawal symptoms and neuritis.

The novel injectible solution has versatile utility in that, when given in sufficient volumes, it

15 is effective for essentially complete chemical detox¬ ification of any toxic substance within about 4 to 24 hours after initial injection. These include, for example, alcohol, heroin, opium, methodone, cocaine, marijuana, LSD,PCP, barbiturates, hashish, ganja,

20 mescaline, and Agent Orange.

The therapeutic detoxifying composition has presently preferred utility in a new method for treat¬ ing alcohol and drug addicts, and those exposed to 25 toxic substances, according to this invention, as explained below.

Before initiating treatment, the patient is preferably placed in a controlled environment so that 0 the program may be properly monitered and administer¬ ed. To start the treatment, ingestion of the offending substance, be it alcohol, drugs, or tobacco, is inter¬ rupted and made unavailable to the subject.

5

SUBST

The patient is given an initial dose of sodium ascorbate, preferably with calcium, magnesium, Vitamin Bl, and Vitamin B12. The sodium ascorbate present in this dosage begins to create a blocking dose for preventing withdrawal symptoms and for detoxifying the patient. The first dose contains from about 4 to about 8 grams sodium ascorbate, preferably about 7 grams.

It is preferable to give the initial dosage orally as it is simpler than injection and, for drug addicts, does not reinforce memories of needle habits. More¬ over, substance addicts generally have constipated bowels. Oral sodium ascorbate cannot bypass the gastrointestinal tract and hence induces return to normal peristaltic habits. This helps clear toxins from the system as detoxification progresses.

For reasons more fully explained below, detox¬ ification is rapid after the sixth hour when the therapeutic detoxifying composition is administered. However, as the alcohol or drug addiction problem is metabolic, nutritional deficiencies play a role once detoxification is complete. One indicium of such deficiency is abnormal psychology. Hence, it is desirable to obtain a psychological profile before detoxification reaches this point in order to have a baseline psyhcological evaluation for use in subsequent evaluation during rehabilitation. Initial oral doses of sodium ascorbate start detoxification at a rate which is not too rapid for permitting observation for several hours so that the baseline profile may be obtained before psychological symptomology varies with rapid detoxification.

Additional sodium ascorbate doses are given every two hours, including the sixth hour, unless diarrhea occurs first, in which event no further doses are given. Each sodium ascorbate dose is from about 4 to about 8 grams, preferably about 5 grams.

The particular dosage of sodium ascorbate needed for inducing diarrhea represents a saturation level in the body and is variable due to biochemical indivi¬ duality of the patient, the extent of toxicity present, the particular substance(s) causing the problem, their combinations, if any, and the length of exposure to them. Generally the deeper that toxins are stored in tissue, the more sodium ascorbate will be needed for inducing diarrhea. For example, alcohol is not stored in tissue except for the liver, and diarrhea usually occurs in alcoholics before the first four doses of sodium ascorbate can be given. On the ^' other hand, methadone involves two toxic substances and diarrhea seldom occurs before the thirtieth hour.

I have discovered that about 28 to about 35 grams sodium ascorbate given the first day according to principles of this invention is a critical blocking dose generally effective for complete detoxification essentially in the absence of withdrawal symptoms.

Doses of sodium ascorbate above about 35 grams can be given but appear to give no additional benefits for most cases of toxicity. Doses below about 28 grams are not as

OMPI

effective as a full blocking dose in attenuating withdrawal symptoms and for accomplishing rapid and essentially complete detoxification during a period of about 8 or 10 hours after start of treatment.

^■ 5

It is not known how sodium ascorbate exerts its blocking powers. Nevertheless, I have discovered that about 30 to 32 grams sodium ascorbate given orally in a 24-hour period, is generally effective for blocking all

10 symptoms of withdrawal during a process of detoxifica¬ tion, even if detoxification does not progress to completion. However, although the patient will not experience withdrawal symptoms per se, nutritional deficiencies may become manifest, as explained below.

15

An oral dose of 28 to 35 grams sodium ascorbate is usually effective for detoxifying most patients, and, for these individuals, represents a saturation level in the body. When the blocking dose is given both orally

20 and parenterally, according to principles of this invention, about 28 to about 35 grams sodium ascorbate is generally sufficient to cause chemically complete detoxification within about 12 hours, although more is infrequently needed if toxicity levels are unusually 25 pronounced.

In the presently preferred practice of this invention, initially three or four doses of sodium ascorbate are given orally every two hours, which

30 builds up about 15 to about 25, preferably either about

17 or 22, grams toward the blocking

OMPI

dose. If diarrhea occurs, then the oral doses are discontinued.

Six hours into the treatment, whether or not diarrhea has occurred, the patient is given a paren¬ teral dosage of the detoxifying composition, which contains at least 10 grams, and preferably about 12.5 grams, sodium ascorbate in liquid form without preser¬ vatives, which is preferably dispersed in 1000 cc of 0.9% normal saline solution. The combination of oral initial doses sodium ascorbate with the parenteral dose contained in the composition of this invention achieves the usual blocking dose level of about 28 to 35 grams sodium ascorbate.

It is presently preferred that the parenteral dose take about two to four hours to run, which rapidly detoxifies the patient while blocking withdrawal symptoms. At the end of the run, chemical detoxifi- cation is essentially complete, for most substances treated. At this point the patient is detoxified chemically and will not exhibit withdrawal symptoms.

While the initial oral doses of sodium ascorbate help cause the bowels to deconstipate, the parenteral dose is available immediately in the system without having first to pass through the digestive barrier. Detoxification speeds up enormously and occurs in the absence of withdrawal symptoms .

Parenteral administration of sodium ascorbate, preferably from the compositions of this invention described previously,

is beneficial because addicts of alcohol and many drugs are afflicted with malabsorption in the intestinal tract and would not readily absorb a onetime oral dose of at least 10 grams ^" sodium ascorbate.

^* 5

The treatment is tailored to individual biochemis¬ try. Thus, up to four oral doses of sodium ascorbate are given, depending on whether diarrhea occurs. If diarrhea occurs, oral doses are stopped so as not to

10 induce further diarrhea, for extensive diarrhea before the parenteral solution is given could dehydrate the patient.

It is desirable that the patient develop at least

15 one episode of diarrhea, for this indicates that sodium ascorbate has reached a saturation level in the indiv¬ idual and that detoxification is occurring. ^" If diar¬ rhea does not occur during the initial six hours, in most cases it will develop during the run of the

20 parenteral solution. In that event, since detoxifi¬ cation is complete, further oral sodium ascorbate is thereafter given for rehabilitative purposes and is not restarted until the following day and after the patient has had at least one firm stool.

25

However, diarrhea sometimes does not occur even after one full 1000 cc preferred parenteral dose containing sodium ascorbate has been given, either because toxicity is acute or the bowels are exception- 30 ally constipated. If the cause is toxicity, the patient may start withdrawal symptoms after the IV has run since detoxification is not yet complete.

OMPI

The patient is then restarted on sodium ascorbate, either orally or parenterally, as needed to control perceived withdrawal symptoms. Whether sodium ascor¬ bate is given orally or parenterally depends on the strength of the symptoms, which is a function of toxicity and individual biochemistry and can only be determined by clinical observation.

The patient is restarted on additional doses of sodium ascorbate, generally about 4 to about 8 grams every 2 hours for oral doses, or at least 10 grams for the IV, to reach a saturation point which will stim¬ ulate the bowels to move. Once the bowels move, they are refurcctioning, and cumulative toxins are removed, and, along with it, the "guts craving", which never returns thereafter. Since detoxification has now occurred, the patient is not given additional sodium ascorbate until the following day, when it is restarted on a reduced basis of about 6 to about 8 grams per day, for rebuilding ascorbate levels in the body and addres¬ sing long-term deficiencies.

If the patient is detoxified but has exceptionally constipated bowels, he or she may resist diarrhea but not exhibit withdrawal symptoms, and is permitted to rest until the following day. The second day, oral doses of sodium ascorbate are restarted in divided doses as before but continue as necessary up to a "full" blocking dose of about 32 grams in order to stimulate diarrhea. In exceptional cases, where diarrhea still has not occurred, commencing the third day, preferably the patient is started on additional 1000

OMPI

cc parenteral doses of the therapeutic detoxifying composition, each containing about 10 to about 15 grams sodium ascorbate, and additional oral doses of sodium ascorbate, as needed for causing one episode of diarrhea, which soon occurs.

The treatment is tailored to the degree of tox¬ icity which is a function of biochemical individual¬ ity. Although a one time dose of between about 28 and about 35 grams sodium ascorbate, given orally and parenterally, is sufficient in most cases to effect complete detoxification, occasional cases are unique in requiring more sodium ascorbate to reach a saturation level in the body. This can only be determined on a clinical basis by observing the appearance or absence of withdrawal symptoms and diarrhea.

Generally the parenteral solution, containing 1000 cc of the detoxifying composition, is run to completion in about two to about four hours. If at any time the patient begins to develop withdrawal symptoms, the solution is made to run faster to control the symptoms. If the solution has run completely and withdrawal symptoms appear, then detoxification is not yet com¬ plete, and additional parenteral solutions are run as needed to control the symptoms and complete detoxifica¬ tion. In usual cases involving alcohol or drugs, only one 1000 cc parenteral solution containing about 12.5 grams sodium ascorbate suffices for complete detoxifi¬ cation after the initial oral doses; however, due to biochemical individuality

OMPI

and differences in toxic exposure, additional paren¬ teral doses are at times required.

The mechanism of detoxification is not perfectly understood. Generally, once ingested, toxins are not excreted by the body but are stored in various tissue and sometimes take years for removal by natural mechan¬ isms. For drug abuse in particular, it is believed that narcotic molecules associate with opiate receptor sites, particularly in the limbic section of the brain, the gastrointestinal tract, the spinal cord, and other tissue, and disrupt the body's pain killing mechanism, involving production of substances identi¬ fied as endorphins and enkephalons. For alcoholism, ethanol destroys tissue, especially through fatty infiltration of the liver and by causing malabsorption of nutirents from the gastrointestinal tract, and distortion of pancreatic function through destruc¬ tion of digestive enzymes and insulin manufacturing capabilities of the pancreas. In either case, offend¬ ing substances tend to destroy essential vitamins, amino acids and minerals, and the body's capability of using them.

Without intending to be bound by theory, sodium, ascorbate appears to detoxify the receptor sites, and other body tissue, by displacing toxins, which causes them to be excreted. The detoxification properties are believed enhanced by the presence of calcium gluconate, mangesium chloride, and thiamine hydrochloride in the compositions of this invention. Sodium ascorbate may also temporarily associate with toxin

storage sites in the body and prevent later reoccupa- tion by any subsequently available toxic molecules, thereby preventing flashbacks, etc., from hallucino¬ genic drugs.

In place of oral sodium ascorbate, other salts of ascorbic acid, such as potassium ascorbate, can be orally given, but sodium ascorbate is presently prefer¬ red, both for the beneficial effect of the sodium portion of the molecule in the body, and for the buffering effect of sodium on sodium ascorbate, which, having a relatively mild pH of about 7.5, is readily digestible.

It is also possible to use ascorbic acid, but I have found that its relatively lower pH when given orally in dosage sizes equivalent to the initial (oral) doses of sodium ascorbate threatens severe gastrointes¬ tinal distress, which manifests as hyperbloating, ulcer formation, stomach and abdominal cramps, and vomiting. For this reason, ascorbic acid is not presently prefer¬ red.

Offending substances, such as alcohol or drugs, anesthetize the body so that deficiencies of essential proteins, amino acids, vitamins and minerals do not manifest. When detoxification progresses, the sub¬ stances are no longer available to mask nutritional deficiencies, which then begin to appear. Although sodium ascorbate accomplishes rapid detoxification in the essential absence of withdrawal symptoms, several latent nutritional deficiencies will generally appear unless addressed during detoxification. The major

^"

problem areas are deficiencies of calcium, Vitamin Bl, and Vitamin B12, although generally across-the-board deficiencies of essential proteins, amino acids, vitamins and minerals are present.

The deficiencies occur through a junk food diet or one devoid of nutrition, and by a destructive influence of offending substances upon the body's supply and replenishment of essential proteins, amino acids, vitamins and minerals. While substance addiction accelerates and masks deficiencies, which appear on detoxification, they are not a symptom of chemical withdrawal per se, although they may previously have been incorrectly identified as such by some workers in the art. Rather, chronic deficiencies are perceived as symptomology because detoxification has removed the masking effect of the offending substance(s). For this reason etiology of nutritional deficiency, while not a symptom of withdrawal, will accompany detoxification unless addressed.

Thus the above-described detoxification treatment, using sodium ascorbate both orally and parenterally in the composition of this invention, has utility as a rapid detoxification technique proceeding in the essential absence of withdrawal symptoms. However, any nutritional deficiencies will be unmasked once detox¬ ification has progressed substantially. This is a major reason why the composition described previously is presently preferred for practice of the method of this invention. The ingredients of the composition have been

selected for detoxifying the patient while both block¬ ing withdrawal symptoms and controlling major problem symptoms of nutritional deficiency. As the composition speeds up detoxif cation rapidly, however, if oral sodium ascorbate alone has preceded the parenteral dose of the composition, the ingredients themselves in their presently preferred concentrations may not be fully effective in controlling rapidly manifesting chronic deficiency.

Thus, as an improvement over the detoxification method described, the deficiencies are preferably addressed from the start of the treatment before the parenteral composition is given. In particular, calcium, magnesium. Vitamin Bl and Vitamin B12 are given. Concurrent with the oral doses of sodium ascorbate, sufficient calcium is administered for inhibiting muscle cramping, while sufficient magnesium is administered for maintaining, in non-insoluble species, that calcium which is excretable by the subject.

Calcium inhibits muscle cramping and spasm and is an essential mineral required for normal metabolism, being important to healthy nerves, muscles, and bones. Alcohol and drug addicts frequently eat diets poor in calcium. This threatens demineralization of bones and teeth. Administration of calcium address calcium deficiencies which would otherwise mainfest as muscle cramping and spasm. Thus, sufficient calcium is administered for controlling muscle spasm and cramping, preferably about 200 to about 800 milligrams calcium each time an initial dose (4-8 grams) of sodium ascorbate is given.

OMPI

In addition to these dosages, additional suffi¬ cient calcium is administered for inhibiting muscle cramping as required. This is determined on a p.r.n. basis and requires observation of the patient. Clinic¬

^* 5 ally, I have found that as soon as- a patient exhibits muscle cramping, an immediate additional oral dosage of about 350 to about 400 milligrams calcium is usually sufficient to block spasmodic attacks within about one minute.

10

The administration of any form of Vitamin C, in particular sodium ascorbate, involves increasing the body's intake of one form of ascorbic acid. Such an increase may stimulate excess bodily production of

15 oxalic acid, which is believed labile to forming insoluble species or microscopic precipitates with calcium in the urinary system. However,- by administer¬ ing sufficient magnesium for maintaining, in non- insoluble species, that calcium which is excretable by

20 the subject, the solubility of calcium present in the kidneys and the genito-urinary tract is increased so that calcium is maintained in non-insoluble species, which hinders formation of precipitates or salts with oxalic acid.

25

By "non-insoluble species" is meant any species or complex of calcium which is below saturation level and excludes precipitates or insoluble crystals. By "which is excretable by the subject" is intended to refer to

30 any form or species of calcium present in either the kidneys or the

urinary tract. Thus, administration of magnesium reduces, to an acceptable level, any risk of formation of kidney or gall stones, and the treatment can be used with patients having family susceptibility to the problem.

Magnesium has further advantages stemming from magnesium's role as a metabolic co-pilot with calcium. Calcium and magnesium exhibit synergistic properties in essential bodily functions, most notably in absorption of these elements into muscle tissue. Thus, magnesium, in addition to hindering formation of calcium oxalate crystals, addresses calcium deficiencies by enhancing bodily absorption of calcium. Magnesium is not admin¬ istered in its elemental state; however, salts or chelates of magnesium can be used and magnesium ascorbate is presently preferred.

I prefer to orally administer calcium and magne¬ sium together in tablet form concurrently with the initial doses of sodium ascorbate. Thus, in the presently preferred method of treatment, every time an initial divided dosage of about 4 to 8 grams sodium ascorbate is administered, which preferably is on the order of every two hours during initial detoxification, I administer about 700 to about 800 milligrams calcium, and about 250 to about 350 milligrams magnesium.

For further enhancing bodily absorption of calcium and magnesium, I prefer to include phosphorous with each dose of calcium and magnesium. In the presently preferred

- jiϊET

SUB ^• ° ^M?I

practice of this invention, calcium is administered in the form of bone meal, due to the presence of micronu- trients in bone meal. Phosphorous is also present in bone meal in a fixed ratio to calcium, generally about 113 milligrams phosphorous to 250 milligrams calcium.

However, other ratios of phosphorous to calcium ranging from about one part phosphorous to about two to about two and one half parts calcium can be considered equally effective. Phosphorous enhances absorption of calcium from the stomach into the circulatory system. Without adequate absorption, a significant portion of the administered calcium would be excreted from the gastrointestinal tract and be unavailable for inhibit¬ ing muscle spasms. However, as phosphorous is abundant in most foods, it may not always be necessary to supplement calcium with phosphorous to assure adequate uptake of calcium. Nevertheless, due to abysmal nutrition of many patients, it is preferable to include a phosphorous supplement for insuring maximum absorp¬ tion of calcium into the body.

I have discovered that individuals dependent on a toxic substance are afflicted by depletion of essential B vitamins in the body by the time they seek profes¬ sional help. This is probably due both to a lack of proper nutrition and a destructive effect of offending substances on the B vitamin complex in the body, and for Vitamin Bl levels in particular, is troublesome for both the alcoholic and for the drug abuser.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET

A Vitamin Bl deficiency manifests with symptoms quite similar to polyneuritis. The term "neuritis" as used herein, means a condition which is characterized by a syndrome of physical manifestations including: agitation, nervousness, burning soles of feet, shaky hands, shaky fingers, and quivers. These symptoms are recognizable by those skilled in the art as indicating a Vitamin Bl deficiency, and are not unlike symptoms of beri-beri.

The human species cannot synthesize sufficient Vitamin B12 and must supply requirements from exogenous sources. Symptoms of Vitamin B12 deficiency are recognized by those skilled in the art as including disturbed mental health, which can progress to paranoia or schizophrenia, low blood count, rapid pulse, cardiac pain, poor digestion, lack of appetite, neuritis, optic atrophy, diarrhea, loss of weight, and tongue inflamma¬ tion.

Other B Vitamin deficiencies cause symptomology, in particular, for Vitamin B3, symptoms of pellagra run a parallel course to schizophrenia.

Vitamin Bl dosages are preferably oral and are interspersed between the sodium ascorbate and calcium administrations. This is accomplished by administering about 150 to about 300 mg Vitamin Bl on the off-hours between dosages of sodium ascorbate, calcium and mangesium. Administration of Vitamin Bl is on a p.r.n. basis according to observed need for inhibiting symp¬ toms of neuritis. Generally, about one to

about three grams Vitamin Bl given during the inital six hour period during detoxification is sufficient for controlling such symptoms .

To address vitamin B12 deficiencies, it is also presently preferred to administer about one to about three milligrams, during the initial six hours of detoxification, of a novel composition comprising a sublingual lozenge of Vitamin B12, in addition to the Vitamin Bl dosage.

This particular composition makes Vitamin B12 available immediately in the bloodstream via the sublingual artery, where it is optimally absorbed. The composition comprises selected concentrations of Vitamin B12, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Vitamin Bl, biotin and folic acid. The presently preferred concentrations of these components are as follows:

Vitamin B12, 1000 meg.

Vitamin E, 50 I.U.

Vitamin C, 30 mg.

Vitamin Bl, 50 mg.

Biotin, 150 meg. Folic Acid, 100 meg.

Vitamins Bl and B12 have synergistic properties in regulating the autonomic nervous system. Vitamin E, Vitamin C and biotin enhance absorption of Vitamin Bl and B12 into the bloodstream.

Folic acid prevents undesirable depletion of folate from ingestion of excess Vitamin B12 over that absorbable by the body.

EET OMP

The composition is preferably formulated in lozenge form in any coventional pharmacological base which is capable of dissolving within about four minutes when held under the tongue. The lozenge is easily dissolvable, and the process takes about four minutes. Sublingual use makes the composition immed¬ iately available via the sublingual artery. As Vitamin B12 is inefficiently absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, the sublingual lozenge has improved utility over more conventional Vitamin B12 tablets which are intended to be swallowed. Moreover, a sublingual lozenge provides patients a tool for helping themselves without resorting to a needle.

The above-described treatment accomplishes detox¬ ification of the subject substantially without effects of withdrawal symptoms. As such, it has utility as an improvement over "cold turkey" methods or psychological counseling methods, or drug maintenance methods, such _as substitution of Methodone for heroin. However, aside from addressing hypoascorbemia, and calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, and Vitamin Bl and B12 defi¬ ciencies, the described detoxification treatment does not purport to treat across-the-board nutritional deficiencies of the patient.

If such deficiencies, such as vitamin and mineral deficiencies, are present in the patient, and they often are due to the junk food "diet" of these pa- tients, there is a substantial likelihood that, after detoxification, the patient will

have a minimally functional mechanism for countering stress. Moreover, longterm ingestion of either drugs or alcohol may have destroyed or depleted whatever vitamins and minerals were in the patient's body to begin with. This is disadvantageous because normal stresses of everyday life can overload minimally functional stress mechanisms. Such a situation contri¬ butes to later reuse and experimentation with narcotic drugs in efforts to mask bodily nutritional deficien¬ cies, or to combat stress. This method of this inven¬ tion avoids these problems by addressing abuse of narcotizing substances as a largely metabolic problem. Therefore, while the previously described detoxifi¬ cation treatment has utility for accomplishing detox- ification in the essential absence of withdrawal symptoms, I presently prefer that, after detoxifica¬ tion, nutritional deficiencies be addressed.

The essentials of the nutritional phase of the treatment will vary according to the toxic substance that was detoxified. Thus, the overall method, both in detoxification and its nutritional aspects, is treat¬ ment specific for offending substances and is tailored for meeting individual metabolic requirements. For this reason, prior to initiating treatment, the patient preferably is first given a series of metabolic tests and physical examinations for evaluating the patient's basic present metabolic profile, and the recent nutri¬ tional history of the patient.

^S UBSTITUTE SHEET OMPI /

These include a computerized medical history, a health hazard appraisal, a dietary evaluation, a complete blood count, VDRL, routine urinalysis, an SMA 23 blood chemistry, two chest and one flat abdomen x-rays, B12, folic acid level, serum amylase, T4, and a 24-hour urine quantitative amino acid fractionation, a psychological battery of tests, and analysis of a hair sample for trace and toxic metals. Results of these tests are combined for determining individual dietary needs. Beginning the day after detoxification, the patient is started on a diet tailored for rebuilding nutritional deficiencies.

The day after detoxification, the treatment enters a rebuilding phase characterized by a different treat¬ ment regimen. At this time, nutritional deficiencies are not masked by narcotic substances since detoxifi¬ cation has occurred. For this reason, symptoms of deficiency are at this time most acute and the defi¬ ciencies should preferably be addressed. Thus, admin¬ istration of sodium ascorbate, calcium, magnesium and vitamins Bl and B12 are continued. During rehabilita¬ tion, which lasts until the end of the program, the daily dosage of sodium ascorbate, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous is reduced compared with acute detox¬ ification. In addition, the timing of the administra¬ tion is changed to a basis which is preferably evenly divided three times a day, in place of the two hour repetitions, followed during detoxification.

OMPI

During rehabilitation, administration of sodium ascorbate is reduced from the blocking dose level of about 28 to about 35 grams per day, to a daily dosage of about 6 to about 8 grams, preferably given in one or two evenly divided dosages. Continued administration of sodium ascorbate is beneficial for building up the body's defense mechanisms. Calcium and magnesium are given in dosages of about 700 to about 800 milligrams, and about 250 to about 350 milligrams, respective¬ ly, for each divided dose of sodium ascorbate.

As bone meal is the preferred source of calcium, the administration of phosphorous is also similarly reduced, so that preferably phosphorous continues to be administered in a ratio of about one part phosphorous to a.bout two to two and one half parts magnesium.

Sodium ascorbate, calcium and magnesium are discontinued for any day if and when the patient- develops further diarrhea. At this point, the object is to rebuild nutritional deficiencies, and further diarrhea would be counterproductive.

Generally rehabilitation lasts about two weeks so that the entire treatment takes preferably 15 days to accomplish.

For the drug abuser, about 3 grams Vitamin Bl and one sublingual B12 lozenge containing about 1000 meg Vitamin B12 are given daily, the Vitamin Bl being reduced after several days if neuritis symptoms no longer appear.

The day after detoxification, the patient is started on selected concentrations of zine, pantothenic

acid, and amino acids supplemented by selected concen¬ trations of Vitamins A and B6.

Zinc is administered preferably in a dosage of about 60 to about 180 milligrams per day until normal appetite has returned to the patient. Generally, this process takes about four to five days. Although about 60 to about 180 milligrams are effective for inducing return of appetite, I prefer to administer about 180 milligrams zinc per day.

Upon return of appetite, zinc is reduced by a factor of about three, and is preferably continued on a daily basis of about 60 milligrams for the remainder of the treatment.

Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5) provides support to the adrenal glands and is beneficial for preventing adrenal exhaustion. For these purposes, about 400 to about 1200 milligrams pantothenic acid is administered daily. I prefer to administer pantothenic acid in the form of 100 milligram tablets; on a basis of four tablets three times a day for a sufficient time until hypoglycemic swings ^' disappear. Generally, this takes about four to five days.

The hypoglycemic swings are recognizable by those skilled in the art and are symptomatic of adrenal system imbalance. Disappearance of these symptoms indicate that the adrenal system is no longer in danger of exhaustion or severe depletion, and at that point, the dosage of pantothenic acid is preferably reduced to one 100 milligram tablet given three times daily for the remainder of the program.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET

OMPI ^W

A battery of amino acids is also initiated with zinc and pantothenic acid. The battery includes selected concentrations of 20 amino acids and is given on a basis of about 20 to 25 grams per day, preferably in divided dosages of about seven to eight grams per dose.

An important feature of the amino acid adminis¬ tration is that each amino acid is administered in the levulo of L form only, and not the D or D,L form. The levulo form of amino acids is immediately available for use in rebuilding the metabolism of the patient and for that reason, is presently preferred. While amino acids in either the _ or D,L form could be used, they are not presently preferred because their utilization would require additional metabolic steps in digestion, absorption, and in the patient's liver. Hence, amino acids in the D_ or D,L forms would not be directly available to the patient and they are not as effective as amino acids in the levulo form. I presently prefer to administer an amino acid battery commercially available under the trademark ESSENAMINE TM and

2 distributed by M Ethical, Inc., of West Chicago,

Illinois.

Concurrent with the administration of the amino acid battery, are administered both vitamin A and vitamin B6. I prefer to administer about 5,000 to 15,000 IU (International Units) vitamin A, preferably about 10,000 IU, and about 300 to about 800 milligrams vitamin B6, preferably about 500 milligrams, each time a divided dosage of about seven to eight grams of the amino acids is given. The vitamin A and B6 are bene¬ ficial in aiding the liver to utilize amino acids in various metabolic cycles and enhance absorption of

amino acids .

Administration of zinc, pantothenic acid, and the amino acids supplemented by vitamins A and B6, address three major metabolic problem areas in the detoxified patient. Zinc addresses gastrointestinal tract dis¬ orders arising from protracted intoxication and en¬ hances the ability of the GI system to absorb nutrients and vitamins. The cumulative effect is that, once the patient has absorbed sufficient zinc, his body will be able to absorb essential nutrients when he eats.

Pantothenic acid, preferably supplemented by about 1 gram per day vitamin C in the form of ascorbic acid, provides relief to the adrenal system and repairs adrenal exhaustion, usually manifested as hypoglycemia. A healthy adrenal system provides the patient with adequate metabolic tools for handling stress.

The third component of the presently preferred nutritional treatment, the amino acids in levulo form, preferably supplemented by vitamins A and B6, reduce stress on the liver to aid proper conversion of par¬ tially digested substances into useful proteins direct¬ ly utilizeable in metabolism. The amino acids increase the liver's usable supply of amino acids, and enables proper release of these proteins into the body for use in essential metabolic cycles.

Upon return of appetite, the zinc dosage is preferably reduced by a factor of about three, as previously described. The patient is then adminis¬ tered a mineral formula comprising selected concen¬ trations of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, iodine, molybdenum, chromium, selenium, and potassium.

OMPI

Th e presently preferred ranges of daily dosage levels of these minerals are as follows:

Mineral Range Preferred

Calcium 1,000 to 1,500 mg. 1350 mg.

Magnesium 700 to 1,200 mg. 1125 mg .

Iron 30 to 80 mg. 135 mg.

Zinc 150 to 350 mg. 225 mg.

Copper 5 to 15 mg. 9 mg.

Iodine 0.30 to 0.80 mg. 1.35 mg.

Manganese 15 to 30 mg. 22.5 mg.

Molybdenum 0.3 to 1.0 mg. 0.45 mg.

Chromium 3 to 10 mg. 4.5 mg.

Selenium 0.05 to 0.20 mg. 0.09 mg.

Potassium 200 to 600 mg. 450 mg.

Generally the daily mineral formula described above, which is typical of these commercially avail¬ able, is usually sufficient for correcting mineral deficiencies within about three to six months. How¬ ever, if needed, additional supplementation of any of these minerals is performed by administering additional dosages of the required minerals to substantially correct the deficiency during the 6 month period after the patient has undergone treatment.

The patient is also given a multivitamin formula after appetite returns. This is preferably a formula which contains Vitamins A, D, the B complex, and E. Many suitable multivitamin formulas are commercially available. One such formula is marketed by Bronson, Inc. of West Covina, California, under the trademark BRONSON'S THERAPEUTIC FORMULA ™. Preferably two

- ϋRE4

OMPI

tablets of this formu la are given after each meal .

Upon return of appetite , the patient is als o given a daily regimen of B complex vitamin tablets,

^• 5 such as are comme rcially available which contain

Vitamins Bl , B2, B3, B5 , B6, and B12. Such a complex addres ses deficiencies of B-vitamins caused in part by a destructive influence of drugs or alcohol on the B complex, and in part by faulty diet.

10

Although these vitamins are needed for correcting deficiencies, the patient's stomach is not in a condi¬ tion to accept them until appetite has returned. Thus, administration of B complex vitamins is delayed until

15 the stomach is functioning normally.

The B complex vitamins are preferably given together as they function synergistically. The pre¬ sently preferred daily dosage of B complex vitamins is

20 about 200 to about 400 milligrams per day Vitamin Bl, about 150 to 250 milligrams per day Vitamin B2, about 900 to about 1500 milligrams per day Vitamin B3, about 250 to about 500 milligrams per day Vitamin B5, about 150 to about 250 milligrams Vitamin B6, and about 2 to

25 about 5 milligrams per day Vitamin B12. Of these. Vitamin B3 preferably is in the form of niacinamide, and vitamin B5 is in the form of calcium pantothenate.

As the B vitamins are water soluble, any excess of

30 these vitamins given over what the body can absorb will be excreted through the urine and feces and for that reason is essentially harmless. Thus, it is preferable to administer the B-vitamin complex somewhat on the high side of the presently preferred ranges in order to

35

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fully address nutritional deficiencies without detri¬ ment to the patient. On the other hand, if a severe B vitamin deficiency problem is not addressed, due to a low dosage of B vitamins, neuritis and schizophrenic symptoms can be expected after appetite returns. The treatment is most beneficial to the patient, then, when the above described concentrations of Vitamins Bl, sublingual B12 and B vitamin complex are administered, rapidly boosting the presence of these essential vitamins to normal levels. This has the additional benefit of providing the patient with adequate meta¬ bolic tools for handling stress.

The treatment is continued for about two weeks, with psychiatric testing and evaluation being performed initially, at 7 days, and at 14 days. The patient is counseled regarding proper nutrition tailored for individual metabolic needs and treated on an outpatient basis thereafter, with semiannual checkups during the first year to monitor metabolic progress.

The described nutritional treatment is presently preferred for treating patients dependant on or addic¬ ted to drugs and substances other than alcohol. For the alcoholic, the treatment program is slightly different in that additional substances are adminis¬ tered, in particular, lipotrates, digestive and pan¬ creatic enzymes, N,N dimethylglycine, 1-glutamine, and lecithin. These address problem areas which are particulary troublesome to the alcoholic.

SU

Detoxification for the alcoholic occurs rapidly after the initial diarrhea. Two problems arise: excess loss of fluids and acute manifestation of Vitamin B-l deficiency in the form of delerium tremers. The parentally-administered therapeutic detoxifying composition addresses these problems by supplying, in the form of the saline solution, adequate fluid compatible with the human body to prevent dehydration, and by providing thiamine hydrochloride (a form of Vitamin B-l) to counteract delerium tremens.

The alcoholic is also afflicted with malabsorption in the digestive system, in particular the gastrointes¬ tinal tract. This generally manifests as severe protein depletion, and for this reason, the amino acids in the levulo form, preferably supplemented with Vitamin A and-B6, are administered to address the problem immediately after detoxification.

Another affliction troublesome for alcoholics is liver dysfunction caused by fatty tissue infiltration. Such dysfunction causes Vitamin B12 to enter the circulatory system even though it is not needed. As a result, Vitamin B12 is cumulatively excreted and is severely depleted in alcoholics. .This effect is more severe than with drug abusers and requires early attention. Hence three sublingual lozenges are given during detoxification of alcoholics with each divided dosage of sodium ascorbate.

OMPI

A - W

The presence of elevated dosages of sodium ascor¬ bate in the system during acute detoxification coop¬ erates with Vitamin B12 in correcting liver dysfunction because sodium ascorbate has, in addition to its powers of detoxification and blocking withdrawal symptoms, beneficial powers for removing fatty tissue and serum cholesterol from the body. After detoxification, the alcoholic is given three sublingual B-12 lozenges daily until appetite returns, after which only one lozenge per day is given.

The alcoholic is usually afflicted with severe hypoglycemia, which generally manifests as exhaustion of the adrenal system. Therefore, pantothenic acid is administered to the alcoholic, in the same quantities as for the drug abuser, and cooperates with sodium ascorbate to correct adrenal dysfunction.

Due to special needs of the alcoholic, additional substances are administered to the alcoholic, but not the drug abuser, once detoxification has occurred. The alcoholic is administered a lipotropic formula for reducing tryglyceride levels in the bloodstream, a digestive and pancreatic enzyme formula, N, dimethyl- glycine, a supplement of the amino acid glutamine in the levalo form, and a supplement of lecithin.

The lipotropic formula preferably comprises about 2500 mg. choline bitartrate, about 150 mg. betaine hydrochloride, about 15 mg. d-calcium pantothenate, and about 750 mg. lecithin, in a suitable pharmacological carrier. Any commercially available lipotropic formula containing these ingredients can be used. The lipo¬ tropic formula aids the body to break down fatty acids for reducing tryglyceride levels in the bloodstream.

The presently preferred lipotropic formulation is commercially available under the trademark LIPOTRATΞ

TM from M2 Ethical, Inc. , of West Chicago, Illi¬ nois. Additional sufficient lecithin is also adminis¬ tered for increasing excretion of tryglycerides from the alcoholic patient. Generally, two tablespoons per day of lecithin are administered.

The amino acid L-glutamine is also administered in a preferred daily dosage of about 1 to about 3 grams, and preferably about 2 grams. L-glutamine is believed to have beneficial powers in absorption across a metabolic barrier associated with the brain cells. The beneficial absorption of glutamine can be enhanced by daily supplementation of about 600 milligrams magnesium ascorbate, and about 800 milligrams calcium ascorbate, with the preferred daily dosage of glutamine.

Also preferably given the alcoholic is an anti- oxidant, preferably a composition containing N,N dimethylglycine, after appetite returns. The anti- oxidant suppresses desire for alcohol. A commercially available form of this compound is marketed by DaVinci Laboratories, Inc. of So. Burlington, Vermont. Prefer— ably 3 or 4 tablets of this compound per day are given.

The usual treatment program preferably lasts about 15 days for all substances, whether the particular substance be alcohol or drug related. This period of time is sufficient for substantially correcting the metabolic health of the patient to where the patient has tools for handling stress and can function normally in society. At this point the patient exhibits a state of wellness characterized by essential absence of

-ξ ) OM ^f

nutritionally induced metabolic deficiencies. The state of wellness substantially reduces the risk of returning to narcotizing substances.

The digestive and pancreatic enzymes are given in daily doses preferably in tablet form, and comprise:

Glutamic acid HC1 5 grains

Betaine HC1 3 grains Pepsin 1 grain

Pancreatin enzyme

Concentrate, enteric coated 167 mg Buse - Comfrey leaf

This _' formulation is commercially available from

2

M Ethical, Inc., West Chicago, Illinois, under the trademark DIZYME TM. Preferably 2 or 3 tablets are given each day after meals. The pancreatic enzyme is enteric coated so that it is not absorbed until it reaches the small bowel. The other ingredients are digestive enzymes which aid return to normal digestive function.

The treatment can be administered either orally or intravenously or a combination of both. It is presently preferred that the treatment be entirely oral, with the exception of the therapeutic composition used during detoxification, which preferably is inject¬ ed.

Once the patient has completed the initial 15-day treatment program, the patient has adequate levels of proteins and other essential nutrients in the body for functioning normally in society. However, individual patients have differing metabolic needs, and, after

leaving the program, it is possible that, depending on individual metabolism, some of these levels may become cumulatively depleted. Therefore, when the patient completes the initial treatment program, the patient is again examined and counseled regarding individual metabolic needs and is prescribed vitamin and mineral supplements as are deemed necessary for maintaining a state of healthy metabolism. In general, each patient is placed on a holding dosage of about 6 to 10 grams sodium ascorbate per day, and whatever additional dosages appear necessary from analyzing the various physical assessments.

It is preferred that the patient return for periodic check-ups every six months for two years after the initial treatment program, and once each year thereafter.

Below are given summaries of two case histories of patients treated according to principles of this invention.

_ _... OMPI ^'

¹ CASE HISTORIES

1. A thirty-one year old male with diagnosis of chronic alcoholism, severe, was admitted to the hospi¬

^* 5 tal at 1:00 p.m. He was immediately given 7 grams of sodium ascorbate in the powder form with two tablets of calcium with magnesium, containing calcium 375 mg and magnesium 150 mg per tablet. At hours two and four he was given 5 grams sodium ascorbate and two tablets of

10 calcium with magnesium. Diarrhea began at 6:00 p.m. and again at 6:40 p.m. At 8:15 p.m. patient began having muscle twitches and jerks. He also became nauseated and vomited.

1 An intravenous solution was at that time started with 500 cc of 0.9% normal saline which contained 500 mg of Vitamin Bl (thiamine hydrochloride), 400 mg magnesium chloride, and 400 mg calcium gluconate. At 10:30 p.m., 12.5 gms sodium ascorbate was added to the

²⁰ parenteral supply bottle, along with an additional 500 mg thiamine hydrochloride in 300 cc 0.9% normal saline. This was allowed to drip in over a four-hour period, at which time the patient was able to sleep and was considered detoxified. 25

The following day, he was started on 7 1/2 grams of amino acids four times daily with Vitamins A, B6, Bl, B12, pantothenic acid, B complex and Vitamin E. These were combined with the minerals calcium and 0 magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc, copper, iodine, manganese, molybdenum, chromium,

35

— - ^a t"-* —

1 selenium, betaine HC1, citrus bioflavonoid complex, and thymus, given several times daily for the purpose of restoring a normal healthy balance. This was continued daily through day 15, at which time the patient was

-5 discharged considered cured of alcoholism.

2. A 29-year old male was admitted to the hospital at 12:00 noon, with diagnosis of chronic polydrug abuse arising from daily ingestion of 12-16 grams codeine and

10 4-6 grams doriden for the past 5 years. He was imme¬ diately given 7 grams of sodium ascorbate in the powder form with two tablets of calcium with magnesium, containing 375 mg calcium and 150 mg magnesium per tablet. At hours two, four, and six he was given 5 5 grams sodium acorbate and two tablets of calcium and magnesium.

He was exhibiting no symptoms of withdrawal. At 7:00 he was given a parenteral dose of 1000 cc 0.9%

20 normal saline solution containing 60 cc (15 grams) sodium ascorbate, 5 cc thiamine hydrochloride (500 mg) , 2 cc magnesium chloride containing 400 mg magnesium as MgCl, and 2 cc calcium gluconate (1.6 milliequivalents calcium) . The solution was allowed to drip in over a

25 four-hour period. At 9:15 the patient fell asleep and slept until the following morning with no sign of withdrawal. He was considered detoxified at the end of the IV since he slept peacefully and had no "guts craving" for the drugs the second morning, and even showered.

30

The second day he entered the standard daily program (as per case 1) of amino acids, vitamins, minerals and other supplements for rebuilding nutri¬ tional health, and at this writing, is progressing

35 normally.