The invention concerns the composition to increase pro¬ ductivity in animal production, containing an effective ing¬ redient with contents of iodine.

Backround of the Invention

To increase productivity in animal production hormonal preparations are used whose application leads to fast growth of animals' weight through the growth of common tissue and volume of fat. The quality of meat is thus decreased, as its protein values are decreasing and hormones and their metabo¬ lites are accumulating in it.

The means is also known, how to increase productivity in animal production by applying potassium iodide (described in the paper by Zaderiy J. J. "Iodine - bioelement of fertility of farm animals" Proceedings of the 3rd All-Soviet-Union Conference on Microelements, Baku 1958, pages 332 - 334). Potassium iodide is added in the amount of 1 mg of KJ per day, while its application led, for instance, to an increase of mass by 33% in case of hens and by 30% in case of stalli¬ ons.

A disadvantage of this means is that application of po¬ tassium iodide destroys functioning of thyroid gland, incre¬ asing its mass and also increasing the mass of adrenal glands. Besides that, potassium iodide is toxic in higher doses.

It has been found that an increase of productivity in animal production, preserving a full-valued proteinaceous composition of meat, is possible to be achieve applying the composition with contents of iodine.

Detailed Disclosure

The substance of the invention consists in the fact that this composition contains, as its effective ingredient, at least one iodinated free of bonded unsaturated fatty acid of the following general formula (I)

CH -(CH ) -|CH=CH-(CH ) I -|CH-CH-(CH ) | -(CH ) -COOH (I)

I I J J

wherein: x is of the value 0 to 14 y is of the value 0 to 13 z is of the value 0 to 5 and z is of the value 1 to 6.

Examples of unsaturated fatty acids which may be mentio¬ ned are the unsaturated fatty acids containing only one double bond, such as linderic acid, myristoleic acid, palmi- toleic acid, oleic acid, petroselenic acid, doeglic acid, gadoleic acid and erucic acid, unsaturated fatty acids con¬ taining two double bonds, such as linoleic acid, unsaturated fatty acids containing three double bonds, such as linolenic acid, unsaturated fatty acids containing more than four double bonds, such as isanic acid, stearodonic acid, arachi- donic acid and chypanodonic acid, and unsaturated fatty acids carrying a hydroxyl group, such as ricinoleic acid, or a mixtures thereof.

A natural source of the fatty acids are oils and fats.

Sources of animal origin which may be mentioned for example are sperm whale oil, dolphin oil, whale oil, seal oil, sardine oil, herring oil, dogfish oil, cod liver oil, neat's-foot oil and beef, pork, horse and mutton fats (tal¬ lows) .

Examples of sources of vegetable oils which may be men¬ tioned are for example, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, ground¬ nut oil, olive oil, nut oil, corn oil, soya oil, linseed oil, hemp oil, grapeseed oil, copra oil, palm oil, cotton¬ seed oil, babassu oil, jojoba oil, sesame oil and castor oil or a mixtures thereof

The oils mentioned below are used preferentially in the process of the invention: rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soya oil, linseed oil and castor oil.

It is advantageous if the effective ingredient of the composition is some of the iodinated unsaturated fatty acids of the group including oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid or any mixture of them, or as the ca¬ se may be any mixture with other unsaturated fatty acids falling into the general formula (I).

It is also advantageous if the effective ingredient of the composition according to the invention is created by a mixture of iodinated free or bonded unsaturated fatty acids of the general formula (I) which in its uniodinated compound form is a constituent part of natural - plant and animal fats.

The efficient ingredient of the composition according to the invention can be prepared by direct addition of solid iodine with a free or bonded unsaturated fatty acid or a mixture of acids. In this reaction the atoms of iodine are bound to the carbons of acids in the locations of unsatura¬ ted bonds. There are formed from di-, tetra-, hexa-, octa-, deca- and so on -iodinated unsaturated fatty acids having prastically their original colouring of oil or fat used.

It is important for unsaturated fatty acids creating an effective ingredient of the composition to be iodinated at least partially and it is convenient for them to be iodina¬ ted up to their saturation.

It is convenient for practical usage in animal produc¬ tion if the efficient ingredient of the composition accor¬ ding to the invention is prepared by additive reaction of solid iodine with unsaturated fatty acids contained in plant and animal fats. It is possible to use with convenience in this additive reaction commercially prepared plant oils or butters. From among animal fats for example hog lard or fish oil are suitable.

Mutual ratio at least 0.001 mg of solid iodine per 100 g of plant and/or animal fat has been proven in preparation of an effective ingredient.

The effective ingredient of the composition prepared in the described way is possible to be used directly in fodder for animals or, by means of a suitable carrier, to be prepa¬ red in tablet, capsular, pellet, powder, syringe or another suitable application form.

Suitable carriers for solid application forms can be, for example, starch, husks and grain, bone or fish meals, breading mix etc. and further, as the case may be, taste attractants.

With syringe application forms, the carriers are used that are common for parenteral application.

The composition according to the invention can be sui¬ tably applied in the volume 1 to 10 g of iodine per 1 kg of the animal's mass, particularly in the stage of the animal's growth. An applied dose of iodine can be corrected according to concrete bio-geo-chemical situation of animals.

The subject of the invention is illustrated, but not li¬ mited in any way, by the following examples.

Examples

Example 1

Mixing and shaking commercially manufactured rape-seed oil and pressed solid iodine (mutual ratio is 500 mg of io¬ dine and 1 litre of plant oil), the effective ingredient of the composition was prepared that was used without any other adjustments to increase productivity of 52 calves of 3 months of age with an average mass of 80 kg. The composition was administered 2 times a week into fodder in an average dosage of 2 g per 1 kg of animal mass. The growth of mass was monitored in comparison with a check group of 51 calves of the same age and the same average mass. After one month application of the composition, the difference of average increase of mass compared with the average increase in the check group was 40% and in the absolute value it represented an increase of mass of 0.8 kg per day.

Example 2

Mixing and shaking commercially manufactured sunflower oil and crystalline iodine (mutual ratio is 400 mg of iodine per one litre of sunflower oil), the effective ingredient of the composition was prepared that was adapted with breading mix into the form of powder saturated by oil. The compositi¬ on adapted this way was administered twice a week to 41 he¬ ads of cattle of the mass of 50 to 60 kg with the aim to re¬ ach the average final mass of 400 to 450 kg per head. The unit application dose represented 1 thousandth of the prepa¬ red application form. The increase of mass was being monito¬ red in comparison with a check group of 38 heads of cattle of the same age and the same average mass.

The required average increase of mass within the group, to which the composition according to the invention was app¬ lied, was reached after 16 months of application while such mass was reached buy the check group after 26 months.

Example 3

The concentrated composition according to the invention was prepared without any further adjustments by mixing of hog lard and solid iodine. For a unit dose 1 ml of hog lard was mixed with 20 g of pressed solid iodine. The compositi¬ on was applied to 35 pigs of the mass of approximately 10 kg. A group of 35 pigs fed in a traditional way was alloca¬ ted as a check group.

The composition was applied according to the following sche¬ dule:

mass fkαi number of doses per a day

up to 20 1 to 1.5

20 to 40 2 to 2.5

40 to 60 4 to 4.5

60 to 80 5 to 5.5

80 to 100 6 to 6.5

100 to 120 7

The group to which the composition according to the in¬ vention was applied reached the mass of 120 kg by the end of the 6th month of its application, the check group after 7.5 months.

Example 4

The composition prepared by mixing of 10 kg of sunflower oil and 20 mg of solid iodine was mixed with 90 kg of maize meal. It was applied as an additive into fodder of the bree¬ ding group of 50 chickens which was getting this additive into its feeding mixture for 5 weeks, divided in such way that a unit dose contain approximately 2 g per 1 kg of chicken's mass) . For comparison a breeding group of 50 chic¬ kens fed by a traditional feeding mixture was used. The tes¬ ted group of chickens reached the mass of 2 kg in the course

of the 5th week, while the check group did in the course of the 7th week.