Buzov, Vladimir Valentinovich (ul. Chaikovskogo, 33b-53 Kharkov, 61024, UA)
Gamidov, Elmin Abbas-ogli (ul. Groznenskaya, 56-39 Kharkov, 61124, UA)
Zozulya, Vladimir Leonidovich (ul. Bakulina, 1-9-10 Kharkov, 61054, UA)
Zozulya, Sergei Leonidovich (ul. Sumgaitskaya, 4-3 Kharkov, 61018, UA)
Buzov, Vladimir Valentinovich (ul. Chaikovskogo, 33b-53 Kharkov, 61024, UA)
Gamidov, Elmin Abbas-ogli (ul. Groznenskaya, 56-39 Kharkov, 61124, UA)
Zozulya, Vladimir Leonidovich (ul. Bakulina, 1-9-10 Kharkov, 61054, UA)
Zozulya, Sergei Leonidovich (ul. Sumgaitskaya, 4-3 Kharkov, 61018, UA)
| 1. | The composition for the treatment of friction pairs, which includes metal and nonmetal oxides, characterized that it contains the products of dehydration of such hydrates, which in the stable state contains oxides from the series of MgO., sio2, A12°3, CaO, Fe203, K20, Na20. |
| 2. | The composition for the treatment of friction pairs to claim 1, characterized that it contains the products of dehydration of the synthesized hydrates. |
| 3. | The composition for the treatment of friction pairs to claim 1, characterized that it contains the products of dehydration of the natural minerals or the mixture of the natural minerals, which have the temperature of moving off the water of constitution and destruction of the crystal lattice in the range 350900 C. |
| 4. | The composition for the treatment of friction pairs to claim 3, characterized that the products of dehydration of the natural minerals contain not more than 110 mass % admixtures accompanying the natural minerals. |
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known that the task of any lubricant grease is to prevent direct contact between the surfaces and, consequently, its local welding with the aim to decrease power inputs for destruction of"welding bridges"and to decrease wear taking place in the points of surface contacts of friction pairs.
At the absence of direct contact between rubbing metals friction force is defined by resistance of displacement of lubricant, true contact area and loading. Consequently, friction can be principally decreased by the correct lubricant selection.
It is known that there are solid lubricants [Klamann D. Lubricants and Related Products.- M.: Khimiya, 1988, pp. 164-176Lon the basis of graghite, molybdenum disulphide and the series of oxides providing the decrease of shear resistance as they have flaky structure, which provides formation of the so called"mirrors of slidingL'. They are used rather successfully simultaneously with mineral oils for the series of mechanisms and machines, and can be useful for providing"repair lubrication"for some time. However, it is not recommended to introduce solid lubricant in lubricating oil for severe conditions, as these oils consist of optimally balanced pack. of doped oil and solid lubricants can decrease these properties. Moreover, dispersion instability of solid greases leads to cloggmgofthe oil circulation circulation system, to"oil starving"and to jamming of metal details. It is necessary to note that the use of the mentioned solid greases does not provide the decrease of the friction coefficient below 0,01.
It is known that abrasive-like powder prepared out of natural serpentinite consisting of (in mass %) MgO, CaO-20-60, Si02, A1203-20-60, H20-3-10 and rock adrnixtures in quantity 3-10 [patent RU No. 2006707, IC F 16 C 33/14, of 03.07.92] can be used as solid admixture.
While using the powder it is suggested to make its mechanical activation at temperature 40-60 C.
The use of natural pyrophyllite as antiwear additive to lubricant grease [patent RU No.
1377284, 1C C 10 M 125/26, of 20.02.86] is also known.
It is supposed that abrasive-like powders of the mentioned compositions are able to increase wear resistance of rubbing surfaces.
However, as practice shows, the use of the powders of the mentioned compositions in series of cases does not give a desirable result and leads to quite opposite effect ; it increases wear of friction pair surfaces.
The use of minerals mixture containing, (in mass %) SiO-30-40, MgO-20-35, FcjzOs- 10-15, FeO-4-6, A1203-3-8, S-2-6, accompanying admixtures-5-30 is also known. It is known that grinding is made in micro volume at temperature not less than 300 C. It is the authors'opinion that the mixture of natural minerals in form of powder with size of fractions 0,01-1,0 mu such as serpentine, enstatite, magnetite, talc, ilmenite, amphibole, brimstone, biotite and petlantide is the basis for receiving such oxide composition Lpatent RU No.
2057257,1C F 16 C 33/14, of 21.03.94]. As a result of the use of the mentioned minerals in dilterent proportions, apparently it depends on the source of natural raw, the formation of ultra strong surfaces and wear decrease are marked on some friction pairs. It is possible to use a machine without lubricant grease in"testing. units"for a long time.
The mixture of such composition-serpentine, talc, sulfur, pyrrotine, enstatite and fayalite, is used in other technical decision [patent RU No. 2035636, IC F 16 C 33/14, of 07.07.93]. According to this technical decision the mixture was treated by dry saturated steam at temperature 110-115 C before the use in order to dehydrate and to stabilize its dispersion.
Such method of treatment, in the authors'opinion, permitted to decrease the friction coefficient and to stabilize powder dispersion. The absence of the concrete figures in the invention description concerning dispersion, friction coefficient and other data gives evidence that the received results are not stable.
Moreover, lubricant concentrated product containing mixture of hydroxides of nickel, zinc, copper, chromium, having ratio of hydroxides in mixture counting on metal 1: 1 : 1 : 1, oleic acid and grease material [patent RU No. 2016050, IC C 10 M 125/04, of 02.03.92Us known.
As it is noted in the description, the use of the concentrated product reduces grinding time in friction pairs and decreases wear in 1,5-2 times.
However, the received results cannot be considered sufficient as the friction coefficient remains high (not lower than 0,06}, and the use of oleic acid is a cause of corrosion phenomenon in friction pairs.
The nearest to the declared decision by purpose, technical essence and the result which must be reached while using, is the composition for the treatment of friction pairs, including dewatered powder, which contains (in mass %) MgO-39, SiO2-36, FeO, Fe2O2, Fe304- 10, AI203, rare-earth metals-1,3, oxides Mn, Ni, Co, Cu, Ti, Zr, Cr-3,5, other admixtures -the rest [patent RU Nq. 2059121, IC F 16 C 33/14, of 30.03.931 Such composition can be provided by any raw material of any natural serpentinite deposition. And though there is 3% increase of efficiency and 7% decrease of the reducer temperature as a positive effect of the use of the suggested powder mixture, no other advantages of the suggested mixture and the itsusehavebeenmarked.methodsof So, it is necessity to mark, that the influence of fine-dispersed powder, prepared of different compositions on the basis of serpentinite on wear resistance of friction pairs is unclucstionable, however, evidently, this effect is not stable. In a number of cases while using abrasive-like powders on the basis of serpentinite, the received result is quite opposite. It is marked that wear resistance does not only increase, but, on the contraryl the noticeable wear is observed, and not only in the initial period when it can increase in 5-6 times in comparison with the usual grinding effect. And at the same time the decrease of friction coefficient does not come at all.
SUMMARX. QB THE INVENTION Therefore the aim of the offered technical decision is to receive the stable result manifested by the hardness and wear resistance increase, reduction of the friction coefficient, improving of technical-economical characteristics of the machines and equipment.
The basis of the invention is the improvement of the composition for the treatment of friction pairs, including metal and non-metal oxides, in which, as a consequence of the use of <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> <BR> the products of dehydration of such hydrates, which in the stable state contain oxides from the series of MgO, Si02, A1203, CaO, Fe203, K20, Na20 in its composition, is provided by the formation of the stable state on nanodispersed oxide structures, which minimize the resistance to displacement and area of contact surfaces of friction pairs, and transfer any form of friction in the rolling friction, and at the expense of that, strengthening of friction pair surfaces and decrease of friction coefficient are reached; working-technical conditions of machines and mechanisms are improved.
While using the dehydration products of the synthesized hydrates or of the natural minerals, or the natural mineral mixture, the composition provides the achievement of the desirable indices at specified selection of hydrates according to the friction pair material.
However the use of the hydrate oxides of the mentioned series with the accompanying admixtures in mass % no more than 1-10 provides the decrease of the terminal product costs, as it permits to decrease the expends on cleaning of natural raw material.
The problem put by is solved so that the known composition for the treatment of friction pairs, includinr metal and non-metal oxides, according to the invention, contains them as the products of dehydration of such hydrates, which in the stable state contain oxides from the series of MgO, SiO21 AtZ031 CaO, Fe2O3K2O, Na2O.
According to preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition contains the products of dehydration of the synthesized hydrates.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the composition contains the products of dehydration of the natural minerals or the mixture of the natural minerals, which have the temperature of moving off the water of constitution and destruction of the crystal lattice in the range of 350-900 C.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the composition contains not more than 1-10 mass % admixtures accompanying the natural minerals in the products of dehydration of the natural minerals.
As it is seen from the description of the technical decision, which is declared, it is distinctive from the prior art and consequently it is new.
The decision has also the inventive level. Hydrates including the water of constitution, which can lose it on being heated with destruction of the crystal lattice, are known.
Among these are, for example: kaolinite-A1203*2SiO2*2H20 (480-590 C); monothermite-0, 2RO*Al2O3*3SiO2*1,5H2O(+0,5H2O) - close to kaolinite and mica (450-550 C) ; pyrophyllite - Al2O3*4SiO2*H2O (580-800 C) ; muscovite-K20*3AI203*6SiO2*2H20 (750-850 C)-it is the mineral of the mica group ; illite-K<1 Al2[(Al, Si) 40, o] * (OH) 2*nH2O (500-650 C), destruction of the crystal lattice at 840-900 C-hydromica, it is intermediate formation between of muscovite and kaolinite; glauconite-K<1 (Fe3+, Fe2+, Al,Mg)2-3[Si3(Si,Al)O10]* (OH) 2*nH20 (440-510 C)-it is mineral from ferric hydromica of variable composition, it is found in sedimentary rocks in the form of grain aggregates; vermiculite- (Mg, Fe) 3 [(Al,Si)4O1010]*(OH)2*4H2O (815-850 C)-it is the mineral from the group of the hydromica with variable chemical composition; serpentine-3MgO*2Si02*2H20 (720-800 C)- (chrysolite, antigoryte)-it is natural asbestos mineral; thepiolite-Mg3 [Si40ll] *nH20 (800 C)-it is product of serpentine changing, moving off the water of constitution takes place with the destruction of the crystal lattice and the transition of thepiolite in amorphous state; talc-3MgO*4SiO2*H20 (800-900 C), it is formed in the nature; tincal-Na2B407*IOH20 (Na20*2B203*1OH20) (350-400 C)-it is the natural mmeral [ Gorshkov V. S., Tymashev V. V., Savelev V. G. The methods of the physical-chemical analyze of the astringent substance.-M.: High School,. 1981.-335 p.].
Such natural minerals as asbestos, concrete stone, bauxites, kaolin can serve as raw material to receive the above-described hydrates.
The synthesized hydrates from the series of MgO-SiO2-H2O, NiO-SiO2-H2O and MgO- Ge02-H20 with the serpentine structure, in which it is possible to use the ions Mn2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Fe3+, Cr3+ and Ga3+ as the substitution ions are also known [Della M. Roy, Rustum Roy.
Experimental study of the formation and properties of synthetic serpentines and related layer silicate minerals.-College of Mineral Industries, The Pennsylvania State University, Contribution No. 53-9, Oct. 13,1953].
However up to now, both raw materials and synthesized hydrates were considered first of all as the materials for ceramic, building and paper production, and the natural minerals, from the point of view of receivingx as the material for aluminium and its compounds production.
The applied technical decision significantly differs from the famous ones as it suggests to use the dehydration compositions of both the synthesized hydrates and also the natural minerals for the friction pair treatment, it provides the receiving of not only stable, but also considerably higher technical-operational characteristics.
The offered technical decision can be used in industry, as it can be used in the machine building for the treatment of friction units, and also during the exploitation of different mechanisms and machines for prolongation of interrepair time or for damage control (repair- restore operations).
USE OF THE INVENTION The examination of the capacity for work of the offered composition was made by using both the synthesized hydrates and also the natural minerals. The natural minerals were previously cleaned from the admixtures in different degree. The result of the analysis made by the mass-spectrometry method of the natural mineral admixtures, received from the different raw materials, is shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Table 1 Elements Atomic mass Atomic % Weight % 0.0940.178Co58.9 1.4452.735Nr58.7 28.42451.160Fe55.8 0.3750.664Mn54.9 4.1656.986Cr52.0 V 50. 9 0. 0S6 0. 092 2.5333.913Ti47.9 CaCa28.1 1.701 Al 27. 0 0. 188 0. 163 3.7522.941Mg24.3 57.09229.465O16.0 100.00Total:100.00 Table 2 Elements Atomic mass Atomic % Weight % 0.1900.512Ni58.7 Fe 55.8 2.152 5.528 0.1900.479Mn54.9 0.0380.091Cr52.0 0.0470.105Ti47.9 7.89514.579Ca40.1 0.0280.051K39.1 0.0280.046Cl35.4 s 32. 1 0. 011 0.017 0.0090.014P31.0 20.16826.099Si28.1 Al 27.0 1.412 1.756 1.8962.121Mg24.3 Na 23. 0 0. 047 0. 050 0.0190.017F19.0 65.86948.535O16.0 100.00Total:100.00 As it is seen from Tables 1 and 2 the admixtures of the natural minerals contain the metal ions, which can be present in composition of the strictly serpentine natural structures.
For preparation of the composition for the friction pair treatment the synthesized hydrates and the natural minerals were annealed in a mufile at temperatures of removing structural water. All the examples of the concrete realization and the results of th use of the compositions are grouped in Tables 3-5.
Table 3 contains the list of hydrates, its annealing time and temperature.
After the dehydration, the powder received in such a way was mixed with technological medium and was used for the treatment of different units and mechanisms at exploitation conditions.
The main results of the use of different compositions for the friction pair treatment of machines and mechanisms according to the offered technical decision are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
As it is seen from Table 5, the use of the compositions according to the offered technical decision provides to receive the stable results, manifested by hardness and wear resistance increase, friction coefficient decrease, improving of technical-economical characteristics of the machines and mechanisms.
Table 3 Hydrates, mixture of Quantity Dehydration Time, Decrease thehydratesin ofweight(hour) mixture,(C.°) after ... (%) 1.admixture8-10480-5901.5-212-13with 2.admixture5-77008002-2.512-24with 3. tincal (bura) 1-2 350-400 1.0 16-24 Na2B4O7*10H2O(Na2O*2B2O3*10 H2O) 4.750-8501.016-200.5-2 K2O*3AlO3*6SiO2*2H2O 1.5-2815-8501.016-205.vermiculite (Mg,F)3[(Al,Si)4010*(OH)2*4H2 01 serpemtme1.5-2700-8002.012-246.synthcsized Table 4 Testing group Technological Number of Dispersion, medium (millinicron)and quantity in admixture,(g/l) pistongroupoil10W30N210-301.cylmder 0. 1-0. 2 oilM8B1N2,610-302.compressor 0.1-5.0 3. beanngs litol-24 N 1,6 10-30 0.1-0.3 4.MC-20N210-30oil 3.0-5.0 5.oilN210-30cylinder 0.1-0.2 6. ofaoilN-20AN4-610-30pairs 7. 0.1-5.0friction machine Table 5 Number Technical-operational characteristics of testing gra Testing WearRuOilVibrationFriction time, intensity,(km)expensedecrease,coefficient (hour)decrease,(times)10-7 (%) 20005-201100 15-202-52100 270-0.007-3200 280 0.008 2-541000 390-0.006-40053.5 4100.008 6 100 390-0. 006- 0. 2-0.3 blankcompresson4100.008set
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