CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a PCT application claiming priority of US provisional application no. 62516066, filed on 6 June 2017.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Field of the invention

[ParaOOOl] The invention in general relates to anti-microbial compositions. More specifically, the present invention relates to the management of Helicobacter pylori infections using a composition containing probiotic bacteria Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 and β-glucogallin.

Description of prior art

[Para0002] Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that infects the stomach lining and is responsible for majority of stomach and intestinal ulcers. Although present in more than half of the world's population, most do not realize that they suffer from H. pylori infections and do not show any symptoms due to their innate resistance to H. pylori. If symptoms are realized, they are presented with gastritis, ache or burning pain in abdomen, nausea, loss of appetite, frequent burping, bloating, bad breath and unintentional weight loss. H. pylori is associated with many disease states which include epidemic gastritis, hypochlorhydria, gastroduodenal inflammation, ulcers, dyspepsia, gastric carcinoma and lymphoma, Gastroesophageal reflux disease and Extragastroduodenal disorders like coronary heart disease, dermatological disorders such as rosacea and idiopathic urticaria, autoimmune thyroid disease and thrombocytopenic purpura, iron deficiency anemia, Raynaud's phenomenon, scleroderma, migraine, and Guillain-Barre' syndrome.

[Para0003] The following prior art documents discusses in detail the infections and pathogenesis of H. pylori:

1. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases- conditions/h-pylori/symptoms-causes/syc-20356171, accessed 1 May 2018. 2. Taylor et al., (1991). The Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori Infection, Epidemiologic Reviews 13(l):42-59,

3. Parsonnet et al., (1991). Helicobacter pylon Infection and the Risk of Gastric Carcinoma, N Engl J Med 325: 1127-1131

4. Kusters et al., (2006). Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori Infection, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 19(3):449-490.

[Para0004] The current treatment for H. pylori involve triple therapies which include omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin (OAC) for 10 days; bismuth subsalicylate, metronidazole, and tetracycline (BMT) for 14 days; and lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin (LAC), which has been approved for either 10 days or 14 days of treatment. However, just like other treatment methods, the drugs administered to treat H. pylori infections exhibit side effects which include diarrhea, headache, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, unusual or unpleasant taste in your mouth, constipation, dark colored stools, dry mouth, increased thirst, vaginal itching or discharge. Hence there exists a need to find a safe and reliable alternative. Currently research is on identifying natural molecules that are effective against H. pylori infections. The following prior art documents report the role of natural molecules in the prevention and treatment of H. »y/or«nfections:

1. Bonifacio et al., (2014). Antimicrobial activity of natural products against Helicobacter pylori: a review, Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob, 13:54.

2. Vetvika et al., (2016). Effects of curcumin an Helicobacter pylori infection, Ann Transl Med. 4(24): 479.

3. Hajimahmoodi et al., (2011). In vitro antibacterial activity of some Iranian medicinal plant extracts against Helicobacter pylori, Natural Product Research, 25(11):1059-1066.

4. Tharmalingam et al., (2014). Inhibitory effect of pipeline on Helicobacter pylori growth and adhesion to gastric adenocarcinoma cells, Infect Agent Cancer, 9: 43.

[Para0005] Probiotic bacteria is also reported to inhibit the growth of H. pylori in combination with triple therapy (Wang et al., (2014) The clinical trial on the eradication of Helicobacter pylori using Bacillus coagulans tablets and triple therapy, Chinese Journal of Microecology, 2013-04, http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-ZGWS201304014.htm , accessed 24 May 2018).

[Para0006] A safe and reliable natural molecule that is effective against most strains of H. pylori is lacking. Additionally, a probiotic strain that can be used in the treatment of H. pylori infections as a standalone is also warranted. Moreover, it is well known in the scientific art that biological effects of probiotics or products thereof are strain specific and cannot be generalised among genera, species and strains (Probiotics: In Depth/NCCIH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health). Hence, there exists a need to find a superior probiotic strain, its extracellular product and/or a natural plant molecule that can be used effectively for the management of H. pylori infections. The present invention solves the above problem by disclosing a novel and non-obvious composition containing β glucogallin and a probiotic bacteria Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856, individually or in combination for the management of H. pylori infections.

[Para0007] It is the principle objective of the invention to disclose a composition containing β glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 for inhibiting the growth of H. pylori

[Para0008] It is another objective of inventions to disclose a composition containing β glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 for the management of H. pylori infections.

[Para0009] The present invention fulfils the above aspects and provides further related advantages.

DEPOSIT OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL

[ParaOOlO] The deposit of biological material Bacillus coagulans bearing accession number MTCC 5856, mentioned in the instant application has been made on 19 ^th September 2013 at Microbial Type Culture Collection & Gene Bank (MTCC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39- A, Chandigarh - 160036, India.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[ParaOOll] The present invention discloses a compositions containing compositions containing at least 10% w/w or above of l-O-galloyl-p-D-glucose (β-glucogallin) which additionally comprising of about 10% w/w to greater than 60% w/w total mucic acid gallates including mucic acid 1,4-lactone 5-O-gallate, mucic acid 2-O-gallate, mucic acid 6- ethyl ester 2-0- gallate, mucic acid 1 -Methyl ester 2-O-gallate and ellagic acid, and a probiotic bacteria Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856, individually or in combination for the inhibiting the growth and managing infections of Helicobacter pylori.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[Para0012] Fig. 1 is the image of culture plates showing the antibacterial activity of B. coagulans MTCC 5856 against H. pylori ATCC 43504 and ATCC 700392 by following spot in lawn method

[Para0013] Fig. 2 is the image of culture plates showing the antibacterial activity of B. coagulans MTCC 5856 against H pylori ATCC 43504 and ATCC 700392 by following well diffusion method.

[Para0014] Fig. 3 is the graphical representation showing the inhibition in growth of H. pylori by a combination containing B. coagulans MTCC 5856 and β glucogallin

DESCRIPTION OF THE MOST PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[ParaOOlS] In a most preferred embodiment, the present invention discloses a method of inhibiting the growth of Helicobacter pylori strains, said method comprising steps of bringing into contact Helicobacter pylori strains with a composition containing a) at least 10% w/w or above of l-O-galloyl-P-D-glucose (β-glucogallin) and 10% w/w to greater than 60% w/w total mucic acid gallates, b) effective dose of probiotic bacteria Bacillus coagulans, individually or in combination, to inhibit the growth of Helicobacter pylori. In a related embodiment, the strains of H. pylori include Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 and Helicobacter pylori ATCC 700392. In another related embodiment the mucic acid gallates are selected from the group consisting of mucic acid 1,4-lactone 5-O-gallate, mucic acid 2-O-gallate, mucic acid 6-Methyl ester 2-O- gallate, mucic acid 1 -Methyl ester 2-O-gallate and ellagic acid. In yet another related embodiment, the Bacillus coagulans strain is preferably Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856. In an embodiment, the effect dose of Bacillus coagulans is lx10 ⁶ to 1*10 ¹⁴ colony forming units per unit dose. In another related embodiment, the effective dose of Bacillus coagulans is preferably 2* 10 ⁹ colony forming units per unit dose.

[Para0016] In another most preferred embodiment, the present invention discloses a method of therapeutic management of symptoms and infections of Helicobacter pylori strains in mammals, said method comprising steps of administering a composition containing a) at least 10% w/w or above of l-O-galloyl-P-D-glucose (β-glucogallin) and 10% w/w to greater than 60% w/w total mucic acid gallates, b) effective dose of probiotic bacteria Bacillus coagulans, individually or in combination, to said mammals, to bring about a reduction in the symptoms and infections of Helicobacter pylori. In a related embodiment, the strains of H pylori include Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 and Helicobacter pylori ATCC 700392. In another related embodiment the mucic acid gallates are selected from the group consisting of mucic acid 1,4-lactone 5-O-gallate, mucic acid 2-O-gallate, mucic acid 6-Methyl ester 2-O-gallate, mucic acid 1 -Methyl ester 2-O-gallate and ellagic acid. In yet another related embodiment, the Bacillus coagulans strain is preferably Bacillus coagulans MTCC S8S6. In an embodiment, the effect dose of Bacillus coagulans is 1 x 10 ⁶ to 1 x 10 ¹⁴ colony forming units per unit dose. In another related embodiment, the effective dose of Bacillus coagulans is preferably 2* 10 ⁹ colony forming units per unit dose. In another related embodiment, the symptoms of H. pylori infections are selected from the group consisting of gastritis, ache or burning pain in abdomen, nausea, loss of appetite, frequent burping, bloating, bad breath and unintentional weight loss. In yet another related embodiment, infections of H. pylori strains are selected from the group consisting of epidemic gastritis, hypochlorhydria, gastroduodenal inflammation, ulcers, dyspepsia, gastric carcinoma and lymphoma, Gastroesophageal reflux disease and Extragastroduodenal disorders like coronary heart disease, dermatological disorders such as rosacea and idiopathic urticaria, autoimmune thyroid disease and thrombocytopenic purpura, iron deficiency anemia, Raynaud's phenomenon, scleroderma, migraine, and Guillain-Barre' syndrome In a related embodiment, the composition is formulated with pharmaceutically/nutraceutically acceptable excipients, adjuvants, diluents or carriers and administered in the form of tablets, capsules, syrups, gummies, powders, suspensions, emulsions, chewables, candies and eatables. In another aspect, the composition containing β-glucogallin and/or Bacillus coagulans MTCC S8S6 is administered as a stand alone or in combination with the standard drugs used for treating H. pylori infections (triple therapy - which include omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin (OAC) for 10 days; bismuth subsalicylate, metronidazole, and tetracycline (BMT) for 14 days; and lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin (LAC), which has been approved for either 10 days or 14 days of treatment). In an embodiment, the mammal is preferably human.

[Para0017] Specific illustrative examples enunciating the most preferred embodiments are included herein below.

[Para0018] EXAMPLE 1: Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of β glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans

[Para0019] Methods: Bacterial strains and growth conditions

Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 and ATCC 700392 were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA). Cultures were grown in brain heart infusion (BHI) agar/broth (HiMedia, Mumbai,, India) supplemented with 7% (v/v) sheep blood or fetal bovine serum and incubated at 37°C under microaerobic conditions (N ₂ , 85%; O ₂ , 5%; C(¼, 10%) using an anaerobic chamber (Imset, Mumbai, India). Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 was grown in MRS media by adding inoculum (5% v/v) to the MRS broth and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. After 24 h, the culture was centrifuged (5,000x g) to remove the cells and the supernatant was collected, concentrated 10-fold by lyophilization and filter sterilized through a 0.22 micron filter (Millipore, India). The cell-free supernatant was tested against H. pylori and 10-fold concentrated supernatant was also tested against H. pylori ATCC 43504 and ATCC 700392.

[Para0020] Antibacterial Activity Test

[Para0021] Spot on-lawn method

Freshly grown cultures of Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 and ATCC 700392 were added to the brain heart infusion (BHI) agar (HiMedia, Mumbai,, India) supplemented with 7% (v/v) fetal bovine serum, and approximately 20 ml of this suspension was added to the Petri dish and allowed to solidify in the plates. Further, overnight grown culture of B. coagulans MTCC 5856 (50 μΐ) was spotted onto the top of agar plate containing Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 or ATCC 700392. Plates were dried at room temperature and then incubated at 37°C under microaerobic conditions (N2, 85%; O2, 5%; CO2, 10%) using an anaerobic chamber (Imset, Mumbai, India) for 3 days.

[Para0022] Well diffusion method

[Para0023] Similar to above, BHI agar plates supplemented with 7% (v/v) fetal bovine serum were prepared containing a strain of Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 or ATCC 700392. Further, well was made in the BHI agar plates containing Helicobacter pylon ATCC 43504 or ATCC 700392. 100 μΐ of B. coagulans supernatant (overnight grown) or 10-fold concentrated supernatant of the same was added to the each well. Similarly, 100 μΐ containing the concentration of curcumin, β-glucogallin and mucic acid gallates and Pipeline were added to each plate. Plates were incubated at 37°C under microaerobic conditions (N ₂ , 85%; O ₂ , 5%; CO ₂ , 10%) using the anaerobic chamber (Imset, Mumbai, India) for 3 days. After incubation, the antibacterial activities were evaluated by measuring a diameter of the inhibition zone. Experiment was repeated twice in duplicate and average mean of zone of inhibition is expressed in millimetres.

[Para0024] Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination

The MICs of curcumin, β-glucogallin and mucic acid gallates extract and Pipeline extract were determined as per the guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (formerly the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards). Briefly, the bacterial suspensions {Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 and ATCC 700392) were prepared by suspending 72 h grown bacterial culture in sterile normal saline (0.89% NaCl w/v). The turbidity of the bacterial suspension was adjusted to 0.5 McFarland standards (equivalent to 1.5 x 10 ⁸ colony forming units (CFU)/ml). Curcumin, β-glucogallin and mucic acid gallates and Pipeline extract stock solutions were prepared in 100% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Merck, Mumbai, India) and 2-fold serial dilutions were prepared in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth (HiMedia, Mumbai,, India) supplemented with 7% (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS) in lOOul volume in 96- well U bottom microtiter plates (Tarson, Mumbai,, India). The above-mentioned bacterial suspension was further diluted in the BHI-FBS and lOOul volume of this diluted inoculum was added to each well of the plate resulting in the final inoculum of 1 * 10 ⁶ CFU/ml in the well and the final concentration of curcumin, β-glucogallin and mucic acid gallates extract and Pipeline extract ranged from 3.9 to 2000 μ^ηιΐ. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 72 h under micro-aerobic conditions of 5% 0 ₂ , 10% CO2, and 85% N ₂ gas mixture (Imset, Mumbai,, India) for 72 h. After incubation, plates were visually read for the absence or presence of turbidity. The minimum concentration of the compound concentration showing no turbidity was recorded as MIC.

[Para0025] Results

[Para0026] The anti-microbial activity of β glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 against H. pylori was evaluated in addition to the other well known anti-H. pylori agents. The results are tabulated in table 1.

[Para0027] Table 1. Antibacterial activity (zones of inhibition, mm) of the probiotic bacteria B. coagulans MTCC 5856 and other plant extracts against pathogen Helicobacter pylori

S.No. Samples Concentrations Zones of inhibition (mm)

^g/well) H. pylori ATCC H pylori ATCC

43504 700392

1 Curcumin 1000 13 ± 1.2 14 ± 1.2

2 Pipeline extract 1000 12 ± 1.5 13 ± 1.2

3 β-glucogallin and 1000 11 ± 1.1 10 ± 1.2

mucic acid gallates

4 B. coagulans MTCC 100 8 ± 1.6 9 ± 1.2

5856

5 B. coagulans MTCC 100 13 ± 1.4 14 ± 1.2

5856 (10- fold

concentrated)

[Para0028] The results indicated that both β-glucogallin and mucic acid gallates, and the probiotic bacteria inhibited the growth of Helicobacter pylori, and can be used as effective agents for the treatment of H. pylori infections. [Para0029] The MIC values of the plant extracts (table 2) also indicated that β-glucogallin and mucic acid gallates showed a significant inhibition in the growth of H. pylori with MIC values of 1000 - 2000 fag/ml) for both the strains of H. pylori.

[Para0030] Table 2. Antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) of samples against pathogen Helicobacter pylori

S.No. Sample MIC range fag/ml)

H. pylori ATCC H. pylori ATCC

43504 700392

1 Curcumin 125 to 250 125 to 250

2 Pipeline extract 1000 to 2000 1000 to 2000

3 β-glucogallin and 1000 to 2000 1000 to 2000

mucic acid gallates

[Para0031] The anti-bacterial activity of Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 against H. pylori by spot in lawn method (Fig. 1) and well diffusion method (Fig.2) revealed that the probiotic bacteria inhibited the growth of H. pylori and may be included in compositions for the therapeutic management of H. pylori infections.

[Para0032] EXAMPLE 2: Synergistic Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of composition containing β glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856

[Para0033] The synergistic activity of the combination containing β glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 was also evaluated.

[Para0034] Combination study

The bacterial suspension of Helicobacter pylori strains (ATCC 43504 and ATCC 700392) was prepared by suspending 72 h grown bacterial culture in sterile normal saline (0.89% NaCl w/v). The turbidity of the bacterial suspension was adjusted to 0.5 McFarland standards (equivalent to 1.5 x 10 ⁸ colony forming units (CFU)/ml). 1 ml of this bacterial suspension was added to 100 ml tryptic soya broth containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 5g/L yeast extract and 2.5g/L of bacteriological peptone. Further, 5 ml of overnight grown culture of B. coagulans MTCC 5856 was added to the each flask. Similarly, different concentrations of β-glucogallin and mucic acid gallates were added to these flasks with and without B. coagulans MTCC S8S6. Respective controls were taken in the study. All the flask were incubated at 37°C for 72 h under micro- aerobic conditions of 5% 0 ₂ , 10% C0 ₂ , and 85% N ₂ gas mixture (Imset, Mumbai,, India) for 72 h. After incubation, viable count of H. pylori was determined using serial dilution method on BHI agar plates supplemented with 10 mg/L vancomycin, 5 mg/L trimethoprim, and 3500 U polymyxin B/L. Experiments were performed in duplicate and repeated twice. Results are expressed in mean log 10 cfu/ml of H. pylori.

[Para0035] Results

[Para0036] Results of the study clearly revealed that in combination of β-glucogallin and mucic acid gallates and probiotic strain B. coagulans MTCC 5856 were effective in inhibiting H. pylori growth after 72 of incubation. Further, B. coagulans MTCC 5856 alone was also effective in inhibiting the H. pylori growth but in combination with β-glucogallin and mucic acid gallates, the effectiveness was significantly better than individual, indicating the synergistic effect of the composition.

[Para0037] EXAMPLE 3: Formulations containing β glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans for management of Helicobacter pylori infections

[Para0038] Tables 3 - 8, provides illustrative examples of formulations containing Bacillus coagulans and β-glucogallin for management of Helicobacter pylori infections

[Para0039] Table 3: β-glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans Tablet

[Para0040] Table 4: β-glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans Tablet

[Para0041] Table 5: β-glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans Capsule

[Para0042] Table 6: β-glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans Capsule

[Para0043] Table 7: Gummy composition

[Para0044] Table 8: Digestive Premix containing β-glucogallin and Bacillus coagulans

[Para0045] The above formulations are merely illustrative examples; any formulation containing the above active ingredient intended for the said purpose will be considered equivalent.

[Para0046] Other modifications and variations to the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure and teachings. Thus, while only certain embodiments of the invention have been specifically described herein, it will be apparent that numerous modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is to be interpreted only in conjunction with the appended claims.