CONNECTOR WITH CONICAL OR SEMI-CONICAL SECTION AND ANTI-SEISMIC BUILDING STRUCTURE OBTAINED WITH A PLURALITY OF SUCH CONNECTORS

The present invention relates to a connector with conical or semi-conical section, in particular made of steel and/or thermoplastics composite with high tensile and torsion strength, and to a building structure - building envelope obtained with a plurality of such connectors.

In particular, the building structure is made as decorative cornice insulation. The modular structure with variable geometry object of the present invention is particularly designed for the realization of: foundations for supporting earthquakes made integral in capsules, for anti-seismic, heat-insulating, monolithic walls; mono-directional acoustically-insulating roofs and floors with variable geometry, bi-directional acoustically- insulating roofs and floors with variable geometry; external thermal insulation composite systems coats, with monolithic longitudinal and reticular structural concrete core for seismic reinforcement to existing building structures to be rehabilitated, also thermally and acoustically; external ventilated thermal insulation composite systems coats; thermo-acoustic ventilated roofs in extrados in metal alloys; thermo-reflective and thermo- acoustic floors with extrados surfaces made of aluminum film, metal alloys, plastic-composite thermoplastic, polystyrene and/or polypropylene, with exclusive breathable characteristics and with thermal and acoustic insulation.

As known for a long time, the realization of modular elements with variable geometry exclusive structural functions that are earthquake-resistant at exclusive thermal resistance and acoustics, such as the above mentioned components, which have high characteristics of mechanical resistance, thermal resistance, acoustic and at the same time guarantee good breathability, has always been a very sensitive issue in civil and- industrial buildings all over the world.

Another problem strongly felt is to provide modular monolithic structures with variable geometry that are earthquake-resistant and with thermal and acoustic resistance that are eco-sustainable and can be easily assembled in situ, via a modular and mirror-like interlocking, and put in place easily by any person and in reduced times .

Object of the present invention is providing an anti-seismic building structure combining at the same time the thermal resistance, acoustic, or homogeneous in all its partitions, eco- sustainable which allows providing earthquake-resistant foundations with an integral capsule and thermal insulation, monolithic breathable containment walls or bearing walls, acoustic mono-directional and bi-directional roofs and floors with variable geometry; external thermal insulation . composite systems coats, with longitudinal core and acoustic lattice armed concrete structural reinforcement to existing building structures; external thermal insulation composite systems coats that are macro- or micro-ventilated, ventilated acoustic roofs in extrados in metal alloys or plastic-composite thermoplastic or polystyrene, and the like, with exclusive breathable characteristics and thermal and acoustic insulation. Within this scope, an object of the invention is to achieve a building structure, or an entire building envelope, homogeneous in every partition, modular variable geometry eco-sustainable that can be assembled dry interlocking with very few elements, and placed in work easily and quickly by any person. A further object is to provide an anti-seismic structure and/or building envelope, homogeneous in every partition, sustainable and thermo acoustic in all its parts, consisting of light materials, even recycled, for easy transport and installation, as well as maintaining exclusive static functionality.

The present structure and/or. building . envelope , for its unique and particular constructive characteristics, is capable of ensuring the greatest assurances of structural reliability in areas of high seismic risk, and safety during assembly and pose in. work. These and other objects, which will become more apparent hereinafter, are achieved by an anti-seismic structure and/or building envelope, which is thermo acoustic, modular variable geometry eco-sustainable made with connectors as described in claim 1.

Such a modular structure, homogeneous in all its parts and environmentally friendly, comprises at least one modular element, with preferably a honeycomb structure with variable geometry, capable of being joined to different modular components to obtain different embodiments without constraints of structural forms and architectural; the modular element is made of any plastic material,, also of composite materials with other polymers or copolymers, natural materials and/or synthetic insulating or any metal alloy, and has a series of passages in which is created the vacuum during manufacture at an industrial level, by molding or extrusion, the modular element itself; said modular element variable geometry constitutes a structural element and has insulating characteristics even in minimum thicknesses, even in the structural the ribs.

The outer surfaces of the modular element with variable geometry have a series of grooves and the ribs, preferably shaped dovetail rib the undercut or circular, which allow to join two or more elements to each other; these modular elements of variable geometry may also be combined head of using different types of pegs male and female or rib to rib horizontal female or male, arranged in correspondence of the passages, thus ensuring the reversibility of the element.

The modular element is joined to an insulating panel, preferably a variable geometry metal alloy and/or plastic materials, also of composite materials between them, which has an outer surface ribbed, or substantially smooth and suitable to be mounted at sight or with a corrugated outer surface with the most diverse shapes, which, placed horizontally, serves for the snap engagement of additional modular elements, or for the application of a plurality of steel reinforcement positioned in the longitudinal and/or reticular, the same also positioned in overlapping respecting the minimum concrete cover of 25 millimeter , with eventual jet of a screed to create for example, a slab corresponding structurally, and characterize it by a significant thermal mass and heat-reflecting according to the density.

The same modular element joined a panel variable geometry alloy metal and / or plastic-composite thermoplastic extruded polystyrene foam (XPS) , normal and covered with embossed aluminum, Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) preformed shell covering or coating film, which has an outer surface ribbed or substantially smooth and suitable to be mounted in-sight position to the horizontal or vertical, or with a corrugated outer surface, which, placed horizontally, is for making a floor with exclusive thermo- reflective insulation characteristics, which, after staying in the slots necessary tubing where the water flows smoothly care, can be supplemented with a cement to make it a perfect plane coplanar in which they can be laid directly multiple types ceramic floor tiles and all types of finishes without bond.

The same modular element is joined to a panel variable geometry metal alloy which has an outer surface ribbed or corrugated, which, placed vertically to a wall resistant to stresses, is used, to implement a external thermal insulation composite systems coats -thermo-reflective view, plastered and / or finished with other finishing elements. The same modular element is joined to a panel variable geometry metal alloy, which has a corrugated outer surface, which, placed in a vertical or inclined with respect to a floor or existing slab, serves to provide a macro-ventilated or micro- ventilated thermo-reflective sight, or covered with any - type of finishing elements, such as photovoltaic panels or multiple types of tiles available in the world market.

Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from an examination of the description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of the invention, illustrated only by way of non-limitative example in the accompanying drawings, in which:

- Figure 1 is a view in detail of a series of connectors inventive mounted in a structure; - Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 with a variant of assembly;

- Figure 3 is a perspective view of a possible embodiment of the inventive structure; - Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1 with a further variant of assembly;

- Figure 5 is a side view in detail of some connectors of the invention;

- Figure 6 is a side sectional view of a molding with decorations; - Figure 7 is a side sectional view of a molding with decorations,

- Figures 8 to 13 are perspective views of various stages of assembly of the structure of Figure 3;

Figures 14 to 24 show several embodiments of seats for reinforcing irons; and - Figures 25 to 32 show several embodiments of connectors according to the present invention.

Referring to the Figures, it is possible to note that the connector 1 for the building structure of the invention, made of steel and/or thermoplastics composite with high tensile and torsion strength, has as its general characteristic being of a conical or semi-conical section, with variable geometry.

The connector 1 for building structure of the invention is composed of a steel bar 6 folded so as to obtain at least a first projection 7 having lateral section of conical semi-conical and having a first longitudinal extent.

In particular, the inventive connector 1 is equipped with at least one (but preferably two) seat 3 for accommodating at least one reinforcing iron 5.

Furthermore, the inventive connector 1. is constituted by a bar (for example of steel) 6 refolded so as to obtain at least one (and preferably two) first tapered projection 7 of a first extension. Preferably, the inventive connector 1 is then constituted by a steel bar bent so as to obtain at least one (and preferably two) second tapered projection 9 of a second extension, the second extension which is less than the first extension.

Furthermore, the inventive connector 1 is equipped with at least one element of quick coupling bayonet 11 for its easy installation in site.

With the use of a plurality of such connectors 1 as described above, it is possible to obtain a series of building structures and/or enclosures of anti-seismic construction homogeneous in all partitions, in particular the structure 12 illustrated. This structure ^' 12 is a decorative molding insulation, of the type with continuous skin and homogeneous for a best answer anti- seismic and thermo-acoustic, or the type equipped with special coupling via connectors polypropylene which fit into one another in bayonet fitting to stay firmly and easily open U-brackets structural 3, wherein these brackets 3 are adapted to be laid through an overlap compulsory, when closed a first bracket 3, with a subsequent bracket 3 which rests from above once positioned the bars 5 on the connectors tapered 7, 9 steel.

The inventive structure 12 provides that the U-brackets open structural 3, over that of the conventional type indicated above, are produced on an. industrial scale, in which these brackets 3 are equipped with a variable bending (Euro-Community European-ASTM International) which also operates by further containment of the rebar 5 cutlery horizontally from above, before putting the same bracket 3 to closure to form a cage of steel reinforced according to the structural needs.

Moreover, these structural brackets 3 are adapted to be cutlery in an inclined position (Figures 3 and 4), preferably at 45 °, to respond effectively to shear forces.

Thus, the innovative structure 12 is adapted to be subjected to a formwork for containment bars armor by means of said special connectors, and of course become a decoration simultaneously, without being propped to support the concrete casting integrative.

Figures 8 to 13 are perspective views of the different stages of assembly of the inventive structure 12; in particular, the phases are :

- arranging a first constructive element 30 as minimum base, for example in this case of triangular shape (Figure 8); - joining at least one second construction element 32 to the first construction base element 30: for example, in this case, the union structure generates the shape of a square (Figure 9) ;

- placing a first construction wall element 34 around the first construction base element 30 (Figure 10);

- placing a second construction wall element 36 around the second construction base element 32 (Figure 11);

- placing a construction cover element 38 above the first and second construction wall elements 34, 36 (Figure 12); and placing a third construction wall element 40 above said construction cover element 38 (Figure 13).