The present invention concerns a constructional unit for making an operative building with a modular construction, which in particular can be temporary, such as a shelter, a school, a clinic, a base camp, a billet or suchlike, and the corresponding building thus obtained. The constructional unit can be installed in territories hit by a natural emergency, for example an earthquake, a tsunami or floods from waterways, or a civil emergency, for example wars or reprisals, to give support to the population affected. In particular, the present invention provides that the constructional unit is made with components of substantially known scaffoldings, which can be connected in a known manner, the walls of which are defined using materials that can be found directly in the installation site of the constructional unit. The constructional unit thus obtained can therefore be installed and dis-installed easily and quickly, making it almost totally eco- friendly, reusable and easily transportable. Moreover, due to its essential nature, the building brings a natural reduction in the production costs.

The present invention also concerns a building obtained by positioning several reciprocally connected constructional units in a modular fashion.

The present invention also concerns a method to construct the constructional unit.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Constructional units are known, for making buildings of the prefabricated type, usable for limited operating times and in territories that have been or will be affected by natural or civil disasters.

Known constructional units are assembled in variable numbers to define one or more rooms of said buildings.

Known constructional units comprise a plurality of self-supporting prefabricated panels, made of various materials to make walls, including the roof, and complementary to a support structure able to attach and support the panels.

The support structure and the panels are provided with known connection means, complementary with each other, suitable to attach the panels to the support structure. The support structure is also generally associated with a concrete base that rests directly on the ground, to provide a stable and flat resting place for the constructional unit.

One disadvantage of known constructional units is that the panels are pre- assembled and are generally very heavy, with a considerable bulk. This makes it difficult to transport the panels to the place where they will be installed, and requires the use of dedicated means to move and handle them, such as cranes, articulated lorries, trucks and forklift trucks.

It should also be remembered that, very often, the places where these buildings can be used are difficult to reach.

Another disadvantage of known constructional units is that to assemble them and subsequently move their components requires the intervention of specialized operators who usually are not already present on the assembly site.

Yet another disadvantage of known constructional units is that they require a suitable preparation of the installation site, that is, the ground must be leveled or a concrete slab cast. This entails a considerable alteration of the environmental site and high costs for making and installing the constructional units.

Another disadvantage of known constructional units is that they are difficult to reuse and not very eco-friendly with regards to disposability.

For constructional units already completely assembled before they are sent to their destination, the disadvantages summarized above are exponential.

There is therefore a need to perfect a constructional unit for making a building that overcomes the disadvantages of the state of the art.

In particular, one purpose of the present invention is to make a constructional unit that is easy and fast to assemble even by non-specialized personnel and, for example, not used to and/or suitable for heavy work.

Another purpose of the present invention is to supply a constructional unit that is easy to transport, in its non-assembled and storable condition.

Another purpose of the present invention is to make a constructional unit that uses material present on the territory, easy to find and to handle and without any purchase costs.

Another purpose of the present invention is to make a constructional unit with low environmental impact.

Yet another purpose of the present invention is to make a constructional unit that can be reused.

Another purpose of the present invention is to make a building that comprises a plurality of constructional units according to the present invention, which can be positioned with respect to each other depending on the specific requirements of the application and available installation spaces.

Another purpose of the present invention is to perfect a method to construct constructional units that is quick and easy to implement.

The Applicant has devised, tested and embodied the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art and to obtain these and other purposes and advantages.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is set forth and characterized in the independent claims, while the dependent claims describe other characteristics of the invention or variants to the main inventive idea.

In accordance with the above purposes, the present invention concerns a constructional unit for making a building, provided with a support structure comprising a plurality of reciprocally connected cross-pieces and uprights, possibly also diagonally, and at least one wall associated with the support structure.

In possible forms of embodiment, diagonal cross-pieces can also be provided. According to one aspect of the present invention, the wall comprises at least two containing layers, located facing each other and defining between them an interspace. A loose material, found directly in the installation site of the building, is positioned in the interspace so as to fill it and define the at least one wall of the constructional unit. In the interspace, at least a part of the cross-pieces, the uprights and the possible diagonal cross-pieces can be positioned, removably connected with each other, and the filling material can at least partly incorporate the cross-pieces, the uprights and the possible diagonal cross-pieces, disposed in the interspace.

The containing layers can comprise at least one or more of the following materials, articles or devices: a metal reticulate, a metal grid and panels made of 2015/056173

fabric with the function of containing and retaining the loose material.

The metal reticulate can be defined by a plurality of wires suitably welded to each other to define a mesh. The metal reticulate can be an arc-welded grid.

The metal grid can be defined by a plurality of interwoven wires or connected with each other to define meshes with a size less than that of the metal reticulate.

The panel made of fabric can be defined by fabric, with a weave smaller than the metal grid, for example jute.

The constructional unit thus obtained can be made quickly and easily, even by non-specialized operators: in fact, it only requires to reciprocally connect uprights, cross-pieces and possible diagonal cross-pieces of the support structure, and to associate to them the containing layers.

Using said loose material does not cause any environmental alterations or disposal costs, and it can be left in the installation site when the constructional unit is removed. Removing the constructional unit is also easy and fast.

Once the loose material has been removed, the uprights, cross-pieces and possible diagonal cross-pieces and the containing layers can be dis-assembled and reused, for example both to make constructional units and also scaffolding.

According to a possible form of embodiment of the present invention, the cross-pieces, uprights and possible diagonal cross-pieces are defined by modular tubular bars connected to each other removably, so as to define a structure of a scaffolding that can be completely dismantled and reused. This makes the support structure extremely simple to install and does not require dedicated structures or works to make it.

Moreover, the fact that the scaffolding is able to be dismantled allows to make its components less bulky, at least in the storage and transport steps.

According to a possible solution, the loose material can be chosen from stones, gravel, earth, soil, straw, mud, sand and clay, or other materials found directly in the site where the building is installed, at substantially zero cost. For example, sand can be used if it is necessary to make the constructional unit in a desert, while in tropical locations it is possible to use vegetation, grass, mud.

According to other forms of embodiment, which can be combined with all the forms of embodiment described here, the constructional unit comprises a roof module associated with the support structure and comprising a plurality of platforms defining, in the part facing toward the outside, containing and support compartments for positioning at least one type of loose material.

In one possible solution, the platforms that define the roof can be the gangways used in scaffolding as walkways that the workers use to walk on.

In this case, the platforms are installed on the support structure upside down compared with the condition of their normal installation on the scaffolding, and the support hooks have to be attached on the gangway on the opposite side from the surface that is normally walked on.

In the part opposite the walkable surface, the gangways normally have the compartments that are filled with loose material, which can function as a heat insulation and/or drainage. The loose material positioned on the gangways can also define a surface that can be cultivated.

According to one feature of the present invention, the constructional unit comprises a floor module comprising a plurality of walkable elements defined by pallets.

The pallets can advantageously be the same ones used to transport on site at least the cross-pieces, uprights and the possible diagonal cross-pieces, thus obviating the need to provide dedicated structures for this function.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the building comprises a plurality of constructional units reciprocally associated in modular manner depending on specific requirements and connected to each other by a plurality of connection bars.

In this way it is possible to make a building that, depending on particular applications and spatial constraints, can be adapted quickly and directly during the construction of the building. In this way it is therefore possible to make buildings with a bigger or smaller layout, merely by connecting a certain number of constructional units to each other.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the support structure comprises support elements that can be connected to the uprights by adjustment means, for example threaded connections, to adjust the positioning in height of the uprights and to level the support structure with respect to the ground.

In this way it is possible to install the constructional unit also on grounds that are not level or even. According to one aspect of the present invention, the cross-pieces, uprights and possible diagonal cross-pieces can be the telescopic type, to reduce overall bulk.

The present invention also concerns a method to construct a constructional unit that comprises the making of a support structure provided with a plurality of cross-pieces and uprights that are reciprocally connected to each other, possibly also diagonally, and the making of at least one wall associated with the support structure. The making of the at least one wall provides that at least two containing layers are positioned facing each other and connected to the cross- pieces, the uprights and the possible diagonal cross-pieces, to define an interspace between them. It is also provided to fill the interspace with a loose material which is found directly in the installation site in order to define the at least one wall.

According to possible forms of embodiment, at least part of the support structure is positioned in the interspace, connecting the cross-pieces, the uprights and the possible diagonal cross-pieces to each other in a removable manner, and subsequently the loose material incorporates at least part of the support structure in the interspace.

These and other aspects, characteristics and advantages of the present disclosure will be better understood with reference to the following description, drawings and attached claims. The drawings, which are integrated and form part of the present description, show some forms of embodiment of the present invention, and together with the description, are intended to describe the principles of the disclosure.

The various aspects and characteristics described in the present description can be applied individually where possible. These individual aspects, for example aspects and characteristics described in the attached dependent claims, can be the object of divisional applications.

It is understood that any aspect or characteristic that is discovered, during the patenting process, to be already known, shall not be claimed and shall be the object of a disclaimer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other characteristics of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of some forms of embodiment, given as a non- restrictive example with reference to the attached drawings wherein:

- fig. 1 is a perspective view of a constructional unit according to the present invention;

- fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the constructional unit in fig. 1 ;

- fig. 3 is a section of a detail of the constructional unit according to the present invention;

- fig. 4 is an enlargement of part of fig. 3 ;

- fig. 5 is an enlargement of another part of fig. 3;

- fig. 6 is an enlargement of a construction detail of fig. 1 ;

- fig. 7 is a variant of the constructional unit according to the present invention;

- fig. 8 is a front view of a part of fig. 7;

- fig. 9 is a perspective view of a building consisting of several modules according to the present invention.

To facilitate comprehension, the same reference numbers have been used, where possible, to identify identical common elements in the drawings. It is understood that elements and characteristics of one form of embodiment can conveniently be incorporated into other forms of embodiment without further clarifications.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SOME FORMS OF EMBODIMENT

We shall now refer in detail to the various forms of embodiment of the present invention, of which one or more examples are shown in the attached drawings.

Each example is supplied by way of illustration of the invention and shall not be understood as a limitation thereof. For example, the characteristics shown or described insomuch as they are part of one form of embodiment can be adopted on, or in association with, other forms of embodiment to produce another form of embodiment. It is understood that the present invention shall include all such modifications and variants.

Figs. 1-9 are used to describe forms of embodiment of a constructional unit 10 to make a building 11, such as a house, a school, a clinic, a shelter, a billet, a base camp or suchlike.

The constructional unit 10 can be provided with a support structure 14 or bearing structure, and can comprise a plurality of cross-pieces 15, uprights 17 and possibly one or more diagonal cross-pieces 20, reciprocally connected removably, possibly also diagonally.

The cross-pieces 15, uprights 17 and possible diagonal cross-pieces 20 can have a circular, rectangular, square, trapezoid, elliptical polygonal cross section, or a combination of the above. The cross section of the cross-pieces 15, uprights 17 and possible diagonal cross-pieces 20 can be solid or tubular.

In some forms of embodiment, the cross-pieces 15, uprights 17 and possible diagnonal cross-pieces 20 are tubular or tubular section bars, with varying section, which can also be modular, of the type used for building scaffoldings. In some forms of embodiment, the cross-pieces 15, uprights 17 and possible diagnonal cross-pieces 20 can be reciprocally connected according to a configuration on the edges of a rectangular or cubic parallelepiped. In particular the uprights 17 can be associated in correspondence with the vertical edges of the support structure 14, while at least some of the cross-pieces 15 can be associated in correspondence with the horizontal edges of the support structure 14.

In some forms of embodiment, at least some of the cross-pieces 15 can be the reinforced type, that is, they can comprise for example pairs of parallel and reciprocally connected section bars. This type of cross-piece 15 confers on the support structure 14 a greater bearing capacity. In particular, these types of cross- pieces 15 can be applied in correspondence with the upper part of the support structure 14, for example to support a possible roof.

The support structure 14 can also comprise horizontal cross-pieces 15 attached at one or more intermediate heights along the extension of the uprights 17 of the support structure 14.

In forms of embodiment described with reference to fig. 2, the cross-pieces 15, uprights 17 and possible diagonal cross-pieces 20 of the support structure 14 can be reciprocally connected by connection means 18, for example of the threaded type, fixed joint, snap-in, mechanical interference or flanged coupling.

According to a possible solution, the connection means 18 can comprise for example joints of the type used to make metal scaffoldings.

According to the forms of embodiment shown in figs. 1, 2 and 7, four cross- pieces 15 can be installed in correspondence with a lower portion of the constructional unit 10, disposed during use in correspondence with the ground, to define a lower frame 16, and four other cross-pieces 15 can be installed in correspondence with an upper portion of the constructional unit 10 to define an upper frame 21, opposite the lower frame 16. The cross-pieces 15 of the lower 16 and upper frame 21 can be connected in correspondence with the uprights 17 by the connection means 18.

The support structure 14 thus made defines four lateral faces of the constructional unit 10, a lower face, disposed in correspondence with the ground, and an upper face opposite the lower one.

In forms of embodiment shown for example in fig. 2, the support structure 14 can comprise at least one of the diagonal cross-pieces 20, which can be installed for example on one face of the support structure 14, inclined with respect to the cross-pieces 15 and connected for example to two adjacent uprights 17 at different heights and/or provided for example to connect cross-pieces 15 and uprights 17 diagonally.

The diagonal cross-piece 20 allows to increase and guarantee the grip and stability of the support structure 14 under the various stresses to which it can be subjected. Advantageously, moreover, also depending on the number of diagonal cross-pieces 20, the support structure 14 can be earthquake-resistant.

The support structure 14 can also comprise support elements 22 connected at a lower end, during use, of the uprights 17 and located, during use, resting on and possibly fixed to the ground.

The support elements 22 can be connected to the uprights 17 by adjustment means, for example threaded connections, to adjust the position in height of the uprights 17 and to make the support structure 14 level with the ground.

In some forms of embodiment, the support structure 14 can indicatively have a depth of 3 meters, a width of 3 meters and a height comprised between 2.1 and 2.3 meters. The sizes of the support structure 14 can be approximately analogous to those of the constructional unit 10, and therefore the latter can have a square shape of 3 meters per side.

In some forms of embodiment, the cross-pieces 15, uprights 17 and possible diagonal cross-pieces 20 are modular tubes, reciprocally connected removably to define a structure, like a scaffolding, able to be completely dismantled and rebuilt. The constructional unit 10 can comprise at least one wall 19 associated with the support structure 14.

The wall 19 is associated in correspondence with at least one of the faces of the parallelepiped defined by the support structure 14.

Figs. 1-9 are used to describe forms of embodiment in which the constructional unit 10 can comprise two flat walls 19, adjacent to each other and connected in correspondence with a reciprocal connection zone in which a common upright 17 can be positioned.

The wall 19 can comprise at least two containing layers 24 located facing each other and defining an interspace 25 between them.

At least part of the cross-pieces 15, uprights 17 and possible diagonal cross- pieces 20 of the support structure 14 can be positioned in the interspace 25, reciprocally connected removably.

The containing layers 24 can be flat.

A loose material 60 can be positioned in the interspace 25, found directly in the installation site of the constructional unit 10, to at least partly incorporate part of the cross-pieces 15, uprights 17 and possible diagonal cross-pieces 20.

Using a loose material 60 allows to insert and selectively remove the latter into/from the interspace 25 depending on the specific requirements.

In some forms of embodiment, the loose material 60 can be chosen from stones, gravel, earth, soil, straw, mud, sand and clay, or a mixture or combination thereof, found directly on the site where the building 12 is installed,

In some forms of embodiment, each containing layer 24 can comprise a metal reticulation 27, such as for example an arc-welded mesh.

In a possible solution, the metal reticulation 27 (figs. 2 and 3) can have a width varying from 3 to 3.4 meters and a height HO that can vary between 2 and 2.1 meters and can therefore occupy completely one face of the support structure 14.

The metal reticulation 27 can have meshes of the grid with a size comprised between 5 and 20 cm, in particular about 10 cm.

In some forms of embodiment, the metal reticulations 27 of one wall 19 are located facing at a reciprocal distance that can be comprised between 13 and 15 cm.

The distance between the metal reticulations 27 can also define the sizes of the interspace 25 and/or the thickness of the wall 19.

In forms of embodiment described with reference to figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, each containing layer 24 comprises not only the metal reticulations 27 but also a metal grid 28, which has smaller mesh sizes than those of the metal reticulation 27. The metal grid 28 can be disposed in the interspace 25, resting on the metal reticulation 27.

The metal grid 28 can have a mesh size of the grid equal to or less than 2.5 cm, preferably comprised between 1.5 and 2 cm.

The function of the metal grid 28 is to hold and contain the loose material 60 that is put in direct proximity thereto. The loose material 60 in this case can be bigger than the meshes of the metal grid 28.

The metal grid 28 can be installed in the lower part of the wall 19 and affect at least a height HI of the whole height HO of the wall 19.

The height HI can be comprised between 0.2 and 0.5 times the overall height HO of the metal reticulation 27. Merely by way of example, the height HI can be comprised between 0.5m and lm.

The metal grid 28 can have a surface development substantially equal to that of a wall 19 or it can affect the whole surface development of two walls 19 disposed adjacent to each other.

In possible forms of embodiment, the containing layer 24 can comprise not only the metal reticulation 27 and the metal grid 28, but also at least one panel made of fabric 30.

The panel made of fabric 30 has weave sizes smaller than those of the metal grid 28 and is able to perform a further holding action on the loose material 60, apart from that of the metal grid 28 and the metal reticulation 27.

The panel made of fabric 30 can also be disposed in the interspace 25, resting on the metal reticulation 27.

The panel made of fabric 30 can have mesh sizes of the weave comprised between 0.1 and 5 mm, thus providing a containing action on the loose material 60 with smaller grain sizes than that of the mesh of the panel made of fabric 30.

In some forms of embodiment, the panel made of fabric 30 can be installed in the interspace 25 in correspondence with at least an upper surface portion of the face of the wall 19. According to a possible form of embodiment of the present invention, the panel made of fabric 30 can have a height H2 smaller than the overall height of the metal reticulation 27.

In possible solutions, the height H2 can be comprised between 0.4 and 0.8 times the height HO of the metal reticulation 27. In a possible form of embodiment of the present invention, the height H2 can be comprised between 1.4m and 1.8m.

The panel made of fabric 30 can have a surface extension substantially equal to the surface development of one of the walls 19, although it is not excluded, in possible variant forms of embodiment, that the panel made of fabric 30 has a surface development that affects two walls 19 adjacent to each other. In this case the panel made of fabric 30 can be bent in correspondence with the connection zone between the two adjacent walls 19 as shown in fig. 6.

According to possible solutions, the panel made of fabric 30 can be associated with the metal reticulate 27, so as to let flaps of the panel made of fabric 30 protrude from the upper part of the interspace 25 (fig. 5), which flaps can be bent over each other to close the interspace 25 at the top and the loose material 60 that is disposed inside it.

According to a possible solution, the metal grid 28 can at least partly overlap the panel made of fabric 30.

According to a specific solution, described with reference to figs. 2 and 3, the sum of the heights HI and H2 can be more than the height HO of the metal reticulate 27.

In possible variant forms of embodiment, described with reference to figs. 3-5, at least part of the interspace 25 in which the metal grid 28 is positioned is filled with a first type of loose material 60 whereas at least part of the interspace 25 in which the panel made of fabric 30 is positioned is filled with a second type of material.

According to some solutions, the first type of material has a grain size larger than that of the second type of material.

According to a possible solution, the first type of material can have a size comprised between 20 mm and 40 mm, while the second type of material has a size comprised between 0.2 mm and 20 mm. According to a possible form of embodiment, the first type of loose material 60 can include stones and gravel that allows to generate an insulating layer against the rise of damp or water from the ground on which the wall 19 is made.

Based on the humidity of the ground and its propensity to get damp, it is possible to position a different type of stones and gravel in the interspace 25 to a variable height H2.

According to another form of embodiment, the second type of loose material

60 can comprise earth, sand, silt or other, located in the upper part of the wall 19.

The second type of material preferably has a lower specific weight than the first type of loose material 60 and can have heat insulating properties for the constructional unit 10.

The quantity, height and type of loose materials that can be used to fill the interspace 25 can be chosen according to the environmental conditions where the constructional unit 10 is installed.

In some forms of embodiment, the wall 19 can also comprise a plurality of spacer elements 36 to keep two containing layers 24 of a wall 19 distanced from each other.

The spacer elements 36 allow to define the interspace 25 between the two containing layers 24 and prevent the reciprocal distance between them from being reduced.

The spacer elements 36 can comprise for example planks of wood or material derived from wood and can have, indicatively, a width of 13 - 15 cm, or in any case mating with that of the wall 1 , and a height of about 50 - 70 cm.

The spacer elements 36 can be distributed homogeneously inside the interspace 25.

The spacer elements 36 can be installed in the interspace 25 oriented vertically and/or transversely with respect to the development of the wall 19.

The spacer elements 36 can be attached inside the interspace 25 by attachment means then attached to the support structure 14 and/or to the containing layers 24.

The spacer elements 36 are incorporated during use into the loose material 60 that fills the interspace 25.

In some forms of embodiment, each wall 19 can comprise tie-rods 33 (figs. 3- 6) configured to keep the two containing layers 24 at a predefined distance from each other and to prevent them from bellying out toward the outside due to the pressure exerted by the loose material 60.

The tie-rods 33 can be positioned through in the thickness of the wall 19 and can comprise two abutment plates 32, each located outside one of the two containing layers 24 of a wall 19, and a threaded bar 35 through in the wall 19 which adjusts the reciprocal distance between the abutment plates 32 and therefore the sizes in width of the interspace 25.

In the forms of embodiment shown in figs. 3-6, the abutment plates 32 of the tie-rods 33 are square with the sides sized 20 cm and a thickness of more than 2 mm.

In other forms of embodiment, and if the constructional unit 10 has two adjacent walls 19 connected with their end edges in correspondence with the joining zone between them and in at least one of either the internal surface and the external surface of the walls 19, a reinforcement layer 3 1 is associated.

In this form of embodiment the walls 19 can have their respective interspaces 25 located in reciprocal connection.

In the forms of embodiment described with reference to figs. 2 and 6, the constructional unit 10 comprises two reinforcement layers 31, one located on the internal surface and one on the external surface of the connection zone between two adjacent walls 19.

The reinforcement layers 31 allow to define a continuous solution at least between the internal and external metal reticulates 27 of the two walls 19 and prevent any losses of material in correspondence with the joining zone of the latter.

In particular, the reinforcement layers 31 can be obtained by bending a metal grid and can be connected as angle bars to the internal or external metal reticulates 27 of the walls 19.

According to possible solutions, the reinforcement layers 31 can be structured in the same way as described above for the containing layers 24, that is, they can comprise a metal reticulate 27 and at least one of either a metal grid 28 or a panel made of fabric 30.

The reinforcement layers 3 1 can be attached to the walls 19 by the tie-rods 33. In some forms of embodiment, the constructional unit 10 can comprise at least a containing board 34 associated in proximity to the lateral end edges, located vertically, of two containing layers 24 of a wall 19, so as to laterally close the interspace 25 defined in the latter and to contain the loose material 60 in the interspace 25.

The containing boards 34 can have a width substantially equal to that of the interspace 25 and a length substantially equal to the height of the wall 19. Merely by way of example, the containing board 34 can have a height comprised between 2 and 2.1 meters.

In some forms of embodiment, described with reference to figs. 3 and 7, the constructional unit 10 can comprise a roof module 37 able to be associated with the upper part of the support structure 14 to supply a roof for the constructional unit 10.

The roof module 37 can be associated with the upper frame 21 of the support structure 14.

The roof module 37 can have an extension equivalent to the plan bulk of the support structure 14, or alternatively it can protrude therefrom.

The roof module 37 can comprise a plurality of platforms 39, with a substantially rectangular plan shape and with a mainly oblong development.

The platforms 39 can be associated with the support structure 14 disposing them substantially parallel and reciprocally adjacent to each other.

According to a possible solution, each platform 39 is made from a suitably shaped metal sheet.

In possible solutions, the platform 39 is provided with one or more containing compartments 43, positioned during use with the containing compartment 43 facing upward and toward the outside, to allow at least one type of loose material to be positioned inside it.

According to possible implementations, the platforms 39 can be defined by gangways of the type used to define walkways on scaffolding.

The platforms 39 can be provided, near their short sides, with attachment means 40, for example L-shaped, configured to allow to attach the platforms 39 on the support structure 14, and in particular in correspondence with the cross- pieces 15. In particular, if the platforms 39 are defined by the gangways, the attachment means 40 are substantially the same as those used for attaching the gangways to the scaffolding but the latter are attached on the opposite surface to that used as a gangway.

Depending on the particular installation site of the constructional unit, for example for installation in zones where there is little rain, each platform 39 can be provided on its support surface with a plurality of holes 41 made through in its thickness.

The holes 41 can be made in the platforms 39 according to a matrix configuration.

In some forms of embodiment (figs. 3, 7 and 8), ventilation pipes 44 can be positioned in the holes 41, positioned protruding with respect to the containing compartment 43, so that when loose material 60 is positioned in it, the holes are not blocked.

The ventilation pipes 44 can be made of plastic material or alternatively metal, and can have a diameter compatible with the holes 41 and a length suitable for the purpose. Merely by way of example, the diameter can be about 10 mm and the length can be about 100 mm.

In some forms of embodiment, it is possible to provide that only some of the holes 41 accommodate the ventilation pipes 44, while the others function as a drainage hole 46 (fig. 7), to facilitate the drainage of rainwater from the roof module 37.

In some forms of embodiment, see fig. 7 for example, the drainage holes 46 can be aligned and positioned in a central portion of the platform 39 transversely with respect to the development thereof.

A drainage channel 48 can be associated with the roof module 37, attached on the surface, internal during use, of the platforms 39 and in correspondence with the drainage holes 46 made on the latter. The function of the drainage channel 48 is to collect the water that falls on the platforms 39 and to discharge it outside the constructional unit 10.

The drainage channel 48 can be inclined, to facilitate the discharge of the rainwater and prevent it from stagnating.

In possible variant forms of embodiment, see figs. 3 and 8 for example, an insulation layer 49 can be positioned in the containing compartment 43 of the platforms 39, defined by one or more thicknesses of loose material 60 to heat insulate the constructional unit 10.

In some forms of embodiment, the insulating layer 49 can provide a first layer of stones, with a height of about 1-2 cm, and another layer, located above it, of earth.

Positioning the earth on the roof module 37 can allow to define a cultivatable surface. On the contrary, inserting stones can allow to improve the outflow of rainwater from the roof module 37.

In some forms of embodiment, which can be combined with all the forms of embodiment described here, an insulating layer 51 can be provided between the adjacent layers of the platforms 39, configured to prevent infiltrations of water between the platforms 39.

The insulating layer 51 can be made of material chosen from mud and straw or a combination thereof.

Alternatively, the insulating layer 51 can be made of silicone, suitably injected between the platforms 39.

In some solutions, the weight of the loose material in the containing compartments 43 can cause an inflexion of the latter in their central part, and in this way can facilitate the discharge of the rainwater toward the drainage holes 46.

In some forms of embodiment, described with reference to fig. 1, the constructional unit 10 can comprise a floor module 53 provided with a plurality of walkable elements 57 defined by pallets.

The pallets can be the same ones used to transport at least the cross-pieces 15, uprights 17 and possible diagonal cross-pieces 20 to the site, in this way allowing a saving in terms of weight and volume of the material transported.

The floor module 53 can define a walkable surface 54, facing upward during use.

The floor module 53 can be positioned in correspondence with the lower frame 16 of the support structure 14.

In some forms of embodiment, the floor module 53 can be mounted directly in contact with the ground, or alternatively can be separated from it by an insulating and leveling layer 55, to level the walkable surface 54 and prevent humidity rising from the ground.

The walkable surface 54 can have an extension equal to the plan bulk of the support structure 14.

In some forms of embodiment, the walkable surface 54 can comprise a covering, for example a carpet.

In other forms of embodiment, the walkable surface 54 can be covered by matting or strips of wood, bamboo, leaves or still other materials that can easily be found on the installation site.

In forms of embodiment described with reference to fig. 9, the building 12 can be made with a plurality of constructional units 10, associated with each other in a modular manner depending on the specific requirements of space and size.

The constructional units 10 can therefore constitute modules and can be connected with each other by a plurality of connection bars 58 positioned between the constructional units 10.

The connection bars 58 can be horizontal and can be attached directly to the support structure 14 by known attachment techniques, for example through flanged couplings or joints. The connection bars 58 can be configured to keep the constructional units 10 distanced from each other and define apertures that can function as an entrance to the rooms defined by the constructional units 10.

In possible variant forms of embodiment, doors and/or windows can be associated with the apertures.

It is clear that modifications and/or additions of parts may be made to the constructional unit to make a building, the building thus obtained and corresponding construction method as described heretofore, without departing from the field and scope of the present invention.

It is also clear that, although the present invention has been described with reference to some specific examples, a person of skill in the art shall certainly be able to achieve many other equivalent forms of constructional unit to make a building, the building thus obtained and corresponding construction method, having the characteristics as set forth in the claims and hence all coming within the field of protection defined thereby.