AND TREATMENT SYSTEM

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/058,215, filed on October 1 , 2014. The entire disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to process monitoring and control for food waste disposal, storage, and treatment systems and, more particularly, to controlling an agitator for a food waste disposal, storage, and treatment systems.

BACKGROUND

[0003] This section provides background information related to the present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.

[0004] Large scale food facilities, such as grocery stores, restaurants, cafeterias, commercial kitchens, hotels, stadiums, and the like, can generate a large amount of food waste. Traditionally, the food waste is disposed of in trash bags and hauled to a landfill. Alternatively, the food waste can be collected and transported to an anaerobic digestion facility where the food waste can be converted to methane gas, which can be captured for energy generation, and solids, which can be used for fertilizer. Existing systems, however, do not provide sufficient feedback or data collection to allow large scale food facilities to monitor or diagnose issues, faults, or malfunctions with the systems or provide sufficient monitoring or control of various processes and variables to allow optimization of composition characteristics of processed or stored food waste.

SUMMARY

[0005] This section provides a general summary of the disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of its features.

[0006] In various embodiments of the present disclosure a system is provided that includes a food loading station located at a facility that processes food waste, the food loading station having a disposer that grinds food waste. The system also includes a storage tank that receives a slurry of food waste and water from the disposer for storage until the slurry is collected for transportation to an anaerobic digestion facility, the storage tank having an agitator that mixes the slurry in the storage tank. The system also includes a controller connected to the disposer and having a timer that expires after a first predetermined time period, wherein the controller uses the timer to determine when the first predetermined time period expires and operates the agitator for a second predetermined time period when the first predetermined time period expires.

[0007] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method is provided and includes grinding food waste with a disposer installed in a food loading station located at a facility that processes food waste. The method also includes receiving a slurry of food waste and water from the disposer with a storage tank that stores the slurry until the slurry is collected for transportation to an anaerobic digestion facility, the storage tank having an agitator that mixes the slurry in the storage tank. The method also includes determining, with a controller having a timer, when a first predetermined time period has expired. The method also includes operating, with the controller, the agitator for a second predetermined time period when the first predetermined time period expires.

[0008] Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. The description and specific examples in this summary are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

DRAWINGS

[0009] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0010] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0011] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the storage tank of Figure 1 connected to a transport truck in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 3 is a block diagram of a monitoring and diagnostics system for a food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure; [0013] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a remote monitor, controller, and terminals of the monitoring and diagnostics system of Figure 3;

[0014] Figure 5 is a flowchart depicting an example method for a food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 6 is a flowchart depicting an example method for a food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 7 is a flowchart depicting an example method for a food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 8 is a flowchart depicting an example method for a food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 9 is a perspective view of a storage tank connected to a tank of blanketing gas in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure; and

[0019] Figure 10 is a flowchart depicting an example method for a food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.

[0020] Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] In accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, a food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system for comminuting organic food waste and discharging the food waste into a storage tank for storage is described. Further, the food waste can be periodically collected from the storage tank and transported to an anaerobic digestion facility, for example, where it is converted to methane gas and solids. The methane gas generated from the food waste can be captured and used, for example, for energy generation. The solids can be collected and used, for example, for fertilizer. Alternatively, the food waste can be periodically collected from the storage tank and transported to other processing facilities where the food waste may be processed to generate substances used, for example, in the production of bioplastics, food preservatives, or other applications.

[0023] Further, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, by monitoring and controlling the processes and variables associated with the food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system, the composition characteristics of the food waste can be optimized for particular applications and subsequent processing. For example, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, the pH, temperature, and/or water content of the food waste can be monitored and optimized to maximize the production of specific volatile fatty acids (VFAs) present in the food waste. In addition, the amount and level of mixing or agitation of the food waste in the storage tank, for example, can be optimized to maximize the production of specific VFAs present in the food waste. Further, the use of a blanketing gas, such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide, or nitrogen, can be used to maximize the production of VFAs and/or reduce the degradation of soluble VFAs in the food waste stored in the storage tank.

[0024] Further, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, by monitoring and controlling the processes and variables associated with the food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system, the composition characteristics of the food waste can be optimized to maximize the production of specific VFAs, such as acetic acid, butyric and propionic acid and methanol, or caproic acid, present in the food waste. For example, the processes and variables associated with the food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system can be monitored and controlled to maximize the production of acetic acid for applications where the food waste will subsequently be collected and transported to an anaerobic digestion facility where it is converted to methane gas used for energy generation and solids used for fertilizer. Food waste slurries with higher acetic acid content generally produce higher methane yields when processed at an anaerobic digestion facility, and subsequently result in greater energy generation. For further example, the processes and variables associated with the food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system can be monitored and controlled to maximize the production of butyric and propionic acid and methanol or to maximize the production of caproic acid for applications where the food waste will subsequently be collected and transported for further processing to generate substances used, for example, in the production of bioplastics, food preservatives, or other applications. [0025] In this way, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, by monitoring and controlling the processes and variables associated the food waste disposal, storage, and treatment system, the composition characteristics of the food waste can be optimized, for example, to maximize the production of specific VFAs for use in subsequent applications such as the production of methane, solids for fertilizer, bioplastics, food preservatives, and other applications requiring specific composition characteristics of the food waste.

[0026] With reference to Figure 1 , a food waste disposal and storage system 100 is shown and includes a food loading station 102 and a storage tank 105. The food loading station 102 and storage tank 105 may be located, for example, at a food facility that processes food waste. For example, the food facility could be a food facility that generates food waste, such as a grocery store, a restaurant, a cafeteria, a commercial kitchen, a hotel, a stadium, or other facility that generates food waste and then processes the generated food waste using the food waste disposal and storage system 100. As another example, the food facility could process food waste that is generated at a separate facility. For example, the food facility could receive food waste transported to the facility for processing from a separate facility, such as a grocery store, a restaurant, a cafeteria, a commercial kitchen, a hotel, a stadium, or other facility that generates food waste, and then process the received food waste using the food waste disposal and storage system 100. The food loading station 102 includes a feed table 104 and a sink basin 106 that empties into a food waste disposer 108. Alternatively, the sink basin 106 may be omitted such that the disposer 108 is attached directly to the feed table 104 without the use of a sink basin 106. The feed table may be level or slanted toward the sink basin 106. Alternatively, a feed table 104 with only a portion that is slanted toward the sink basin 106 may be used. If the feed table is slanted toward the sink basin 106, food waste emptied onto the feed table 104 may be urged by force of gravity due to the pitch of the feed table 104 towards the sink basin 106 and disposer 108. Additionally, water from a water supply, such as water from a water hose connected to the water supply, may be sprayed onto the feed table 104 with a sprayer, such as an overhead sprayer. Alternatively, the feed table 104 may be configured with a water inlet connected to the water supply to provide a constant directional flow of water on or down the feed table 104. If the feed table 104 is slanted toward the sink basin 106, the flow of the water down the feed table 104 due to the pitch of the feed table 104 may then assist in moving food waste down the feed table 104 toward the sink basin 106 and disposer 108. The food loading station 102 may include raised sides 1 10 to prevent food waste and water from spilling off of the top surface of the food loading station 102. The feed table 104 may be constructed, for example, of stainless steel to provide a slick surface to assist in the flow of water and food waste toward the sink basin 106 and disposer 108. Additionally, the entire food loading station 102 may be constructed of stainless steel.

[0027] A bin loader 1 12 may optionally be installed adjacent to the food loading station 102. In installations where a bin loader 1 12 is installed, food waste may be collected in a storage bin 1 14 that is then loaded into the bin loader 1 12. The bin loader 1 12 may then rotate the storage bin 1 14 such that a bottom end of the storage bin 1 14 is raised upwards above a top end of the storage bin 1 14 so that the food waste contents of the storage bin 1 14 are emptied onto the feed table 104. The bin loader 1 12 may be operated, for example, with an electric motor and gear mechanism and/or with a hydraulic mechanism.

[0028] Alternatively, or in addition to the bin loader 1 12, an auger device may be used to transport food waste onto the feed table 104 or directly into an intake of the disposer 108. For example, food waste may be emptied into a collection area below or near the feed table 104 and an auger device may then collect and transport the food waste from the collection area onto the feed table 104 or directly into the intake of the disposer 108. The auger device may be operated, for example, with an electric motor and gear mechanism.

[0029] Food waste from the sink basin 106 enters the intake of the disposer 108 and is comminuted into a slurry mix of comminuted food waste material and any water that entered the disposer 108 from the feed table 104 and sink basin 106. For example, the disposer 108 may be a dry waste grinder, such as the dry waste grinder described in Applicant's commonly assigned U.S. Pat. 5,340,036, which is incorporated herein by reference. In addition to the water supply for spraying the feed table 104, the disposer 108 may include a water inlet that is directly connected to the water supply as described, for example, in Applicant's commonly assigned U.S. Pat. 5,308,000, which is also incorporated herein by reference.

[0030] The slurry mix of comminuted food waste material and water is discharged from the disposer 108 into a disposer discharge pipe 1 16 connected to a pump 1 18. The pump 1 18 pumps the mix of comminuted food waste material and water into the storage tank 105 through a pump discharge pipe 120. The pump 1 18 can be, for example, a hose pump, as depicted in Figure 1 . It is understood, however, than any type of suitable pump can be used with the food waste disposal and storage system 100.

[0031] The food loading station 102 and the storage tank 105 may be in separate areas. For example, the food loading station 102 and the storage tank 105 may be separated by a wall 122 and the pump discharge pipe 120 may be routed through the wall 122. For example, the food loading station 102 and the storage tank 105 may be in separate rooms of a building. The storage tank 105 may be insulated to help maintain a temperature of the slurry mix of food waste and water within a predetermined range, as discussed in further detail below. Alternatively, the food loading station 102 may be located inside of a building while the storage tank 105 may be located outside of the building. Alternatively, the food loading station 102 may be located at a first level of a building and the storage tank 105 may be located at a lower level of the building. For example, the storage tank 105 may be located in a basement of the building. In some installations, depending on the location of the storage tank 105 and the proximity to the disposer 108, the pump 1 18 may not be required. For example, if the storage tank 105 is near the disposer 108 and/or located at a lower level from the disposer 108, the pump 1 18 may be unnecessary and the force of discharge from the disposer 108 may be sufficient to pump the slurry mix from the disposer 108 to the storage tank 105.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1 , and as described in further detail below, the food loading station 102 may include a controller 124 for controlling the disposer 108 and the pump 1 18. As discussed in further detail below, the controller 124 may also control the water supply. Additionally, as shown in Figure 1 , and as described in further detail below, the storage tank 105 may include a tank controller 126 for controlling components associated with the storage tank 105. For example, the tank controller 126 may control a tank temperature control system including one or more tank heaters 128 or a tank cooling system 129 (shown in Figure 3). For example, when the storage tank 105 is located outside or in a colder part of the building, the tank controller 126 may control the tank heaters 128 to prevent the slurry mix of comminuted food waste material and water from freezing while in the storage tank 105. Further, as discussed in further detail below, when the storage tank 105 is located outside or in a warmer part of the building, the tank controller 126 may control the tank cooling system 129 to prevent the slurry mix of comminuted food waste material and water from becoming too warm while in the storage tank 105. The tank cooling system 129 may include a compressor driven refrigeration system for providing cooling to the storage tank 105. Additionally, the pump discharge pipe 120 may also be configured with a heater or cooling system, if necessary, controlled by the tank controller 126 or controller 124 to prevent the slurry mix from freezing or becoming too warm while in the pump discharge pipe 120.

[0033] With reference to Figure 2, the storage tank 105 is configured with a discharge outlet 200 that includes a discharge valve 202 for allowing the slurry mix of comminuted food waste material and water to be collected from the storage tank 105. For example, a collection truck 204 may include a collection tank 206 that can be connected to the discharge outlet 200 of the storage tank 105 with a discharge hose 208. The collection truck 204 may include a suction pump for sucking the slurry mix from the storage tank 105, through the discharge hose 208, and into the collection tank 206, when the discharge valve 202 is opened. Further, the discharge outlet 200 may include an air admittance valve 210 for allowing ambient air to be introduced into the discharge hose 208 while the contents of the storage tank 105 are being sucked into the collection tank 206. The introduction of air into the discharge hose 208 during the suction operation can help to prevent clogs in the discharge hose 208 and reduce the load on the suction pump of the collection truck 204. An operator, for example, can manually adjust the air admittance valve 210 by feathering the air admittance valve 210 during the suction operation, as necessary, to introduce air into the discharge hose 208. Once the storage tank 105 is emptied, the discharge valve 202 and air admittance valve 210 are closed.

[0034] The storage tank 105 may include an exhaust tube to allow ambient air to enter into the storage tank 105 and/or to allow air from the storage tank to escape to the surrounding environment. The exhaust tube may be configured with a carbon filter to filter odor from any air exiting the storage tank 105. As discussed in further detail below, when a blanketing gas is used with the storage tank, the exhaust tube may be omitted or placed in a closed position to prevent the blanketing gas from escaping the storage tank.

[0035] The collection truck 204 can then transport the mix of comminuted food waste material and water to an anaerobic digestion facility for conversion to methane gas to be used for energy generation and to solids to be used for fertilizer. For example, the anaerobic digestion facility may operate one or more collection trucks 204 and may periodically visit food facilities to collect the slurry mix of comminuted food waste material and water from an associated storage tank 105. Further, because the food waste material can be converted into energy and fertilizer, which can be sold for money, the anaerobic digestion facility may pay the owner or operator of the food facility to collect the food waste material. For example, the compensation paid by the anaerobic digestion facility may be based on the volume of the collected slurry mix. Additionally or alternatively, the compensation paid by the anaerobic digestion facility may be based on an evaluation of the quality of the slurry mix collected or an estimated amount of energy and/or fertilizer that could be generated from the collected slurry mix. For example, the evaluation may determine the amount of food waste material in the slurry mix versus the amount of water in the slurry mix. A slurry mix that is higher in food waste material content may ultimately produce more methane gas and/or solids as compared with a slurry mix that has a lower food waste material content and a higher water content. Further, as discussed below, for a given water content, a slurry with a higher total organic carbon value or a higher chemical oxygen demand may produce more methane gas and/or solids as compared with a slurry mix that has a lower total organic carbon value or a lower chemical oxygen demand. For further example, the collection truck 204 can alternatively transport the mix of comminuted food waste material and water to other processing facilities for processing in connection with the production of bioplastics and/or food preservatives.

[0036] With reference to Figure 3, a block diagram is shown with many of the components of the food waste disposal and storage system 100 described above with reference to Figures 1 and 2. For example, Figure 3 includes the bin loader 1 12, the feed table 104, the sink basin 106, the disposer 108, the disposer discharge pipe 1 16, the pump 1 18, the pump discharge pipe 120, the storage tank 105, the controller 124, the tank controller 126, the tank heaters 128, and the tank cooling system 129.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3, the food waste material starts at the bin loader 1 12, if present, and moves from left to right in the Figure, as depicted by the arrows. For example, the food waste material moves from the bin loader 1 12 to the feed table 104 and then to the sink basin 106. As described above, an auger could be used in addition to or in place of the bin loader 1 12. From the sink basin 106, the food waste material is comminuted in the disposer into comminuted food waste material and is pumped by the pump 1 18 from the disposer discharge pipe 1 16 to the pump discharge pipe 120 and into the storage tank 105.

[0038] As further shown in Figure 3, the controller 124 is in communication with and controls the disposer 108 and pump 1 18. The controller 124 may also be in communication with the tank controller 126. Alternatively, the tank controller 126 may operate independently of, and without communication with, the controller 124.

[0039] The controller 124 may also control a water supply 300. For example, as discussed above, the water supply 300 may provide water flow to the feed table 104, to a water hose with a sprayer for spraying water onto the feed table 104, and/or directly to the disposer 108. The controller 124 may control the flow of water of the water supply 300. For example, a flushing water control for a food waste disposer based on visual detection of food waste is described in Applicant's commonly assigned U.S. Pat. 8,579,217, which is incorporated herein by reference, as discussed above.

[0040] As shown in Figure 3, an electrical supply 302 provides electrical power to a number of components of the food waste disposal and storage system 100. For example, the electrical supply 302 supplies power to the bin loader 1 12, the disposer 108, the pump 1 18, the tank heaters 128 and the tank cooling system 129. Additionally, the controller 124 controls a power switch 304, which controls the supply of power to components of the system. If necessary, for example, the controller 124 can control the power switch 304 to disconnect power to some or all of the system components. For example, in the event of a clog or jam in the system or in the event that the storage tank 105 is full, the controller 124 can control the power switch 304 to disconnect power from the bin loader 1 12, disposer 108, pump 1 18, the tank heaters 128, and/or the tank cooling system.

[0041] As shown in Figure 3, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 is configured with a number of sensors that communicate sensed data back to the controller 124. For clarity, communication lines from the sensors to the controller 124 are omitted from Figure 3. It is understood, however, that the various sensors communicate sensed data back to the controller 124 via wired or wireless communication connections. [0042] For example, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may include a number of electrical sensors. For example, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may include a number of current sensors 306 for sensing electrical current being drawn by a specific component or group of components. For example, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may include a current sensor 306a associated with the bin loader 1 12. In the event an auger is used, a corresponding current sensor for the auger may likewise be used. Further, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may include a current sensor 306b associated with the disposer 108 and a current sensor 306c associated with the pump 1 18. Further, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may include a current sensor 306d associated with the tank heaters 128. Further, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may include a current sensor 306e associated with the tank cooling system 129. Although Figure 3 shows current sensors 306 for each of the components, voltage sensors or power meter sensors may alternatively or additionally be used with or instead of the current sensors 306.

[0043] In addition, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may include a number of flow sensors 308. For example, a flow sensor 308a may sense a flow rate of the water supply 300. While a single flow sensor 308a is shown for the water supply 300, two flow sensors may be used instead to sense the flow rates for the water being supplied to each of the feed table 104 and the disposer 108. In this way, the controller 124 can determine and monitor the amount of water being supplied to the feed table 104 and the disposer 108 and determine or estimate an amount of water that is ultimately introduced into the storage tank 105 from the water supply 300.

[0044] In addition, a flow sensor 308b may sense a flow rate of the slurry mix of comminuted food waste material and water being pumped from the pump 1 18 to the storage tank 105. Alternatively or additionally, a pressure sensor 310a may be used to sense a pressure of the mix of comminuted food waste material and water in the pump discharge pipe 120. In this way, the controller 124 can monitor the flow and/or pressure within the pump discharge pipe 120 and determine when the pump discharge pipe 120 has become clogged, for example. Additionally, the pump 1 18 may be equipped with a pressure switch 312 that deactivates the pump 1 18 when the pressure within the pump 1 18 or within the pump discharge pipe 120 is above a predetermined threshold. In this way, in the event of a clog in the pump 1 18 or in the pump discharge pipe 120, the pump 1 18 can be deactivated before the pump 1 18, or other components, such as the pump discharge pipe 120, are damaged.

[0045] In addition, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may include a number of temperature sensors 314. For example, the pump 1 18 may include a temperature sensor 314a that senses a temperature of the pump 1 18, a temperature of an electric motor that drives the pump 1 18, and/or a temperature of a lubricant sump within the pump 1 18. In this way, the controller 124 may determine when the pump 1 18 is overheating or about to overheat and can appropriately deactivate the pump before it is damaged.

[0046] Further, the storage tank 105 may include a temperature sensor

314b to sense a temperature of the slurry mix of comminuted food waste material and water in the storage tank 105. The tank controller 126 may also receive the temperature data from the temperature sensor 314b and may control the tank heaters 128 to maintain a temperature of the slurry mix of comminuted food waste material and water in the storage tank 105 above a threshold level so that the slurry mix does not freeze in the storage tank 105. Additionally, in warmer climates the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may include refrigeration or cooling units for the storage tank 105. In such case, the tank controller 126 may control the refrigeration or cooling units to maintain a temperature of the slurry mix below a threshold level so that the slurry mix does not get too warm. In this way, biological activity within the storage tank 105 may be impeded to maximize the potential energy value of the slurry. As discussed in further detail below, the temperature of the slurry mix can also be used to evaluate the potential methane gas yield from the slurry mix. The storage tank 105 may also include a pH sensor 316 that senses a pH of the mix in the storage tank 105. The pH and information from other chemical composition sensors 318 for parameters such as chemical oxygen demand, percent total solids, and/or percent water content of the slurry mix in the storage tank 105 may be used to determine a chemical composition of the mix in the storage tank 105 to evaluate the potential methane gas yield from the mix. For example, chemical composition sensors 318 may sense a percent of total solids of the slurry mix in the storage tank 105 and/or a percent of the water content of the slurry mix in the storage tank 105. Additionally, the pump discharge pipe 120 may include a temperature sensor 314c to sense a temperature of the slurry mix in the pump discharge pipe 120. A separate heater or heaters may be used to heat the pump discharge pipe 120, depending on the location of the storage tank 105. For example, if the storage tank 105 is located outside, a portion of the pump discharge pipe 120 may also be outside and may need to be heated to keep from freezing in cold weather. The tank controller 126 may receive the temperature data from the temperature sensor 314c and may control the heaters for the pump discharge pipe 120 to maintain a temperature of the slurry mix in the pump discharge pipe 120 above a threshold level so that the slurry mix does not freeze in pump discharge pipe 120.

[0047] The storage tank 105 may include a level sensor 320 that senses a level of the slurry mix in the storage tank 105. As discussed in further detail below, the sensed level of the slurry mix can be used to schedule a collection time for a collection truck 204 to visit the food facility and collect the slurry mix in the storage tank 105. In addition, the level sensor 320 may be connected to a leak detection system 322. The leak detection system 322 may utilize level data from the level sensor 320, in conjunction with data from the pressure sensors 310a, 310b and/or flow sensor 308b for the pump discharge pipe 120 to detect a leak in the system and generate an alert to the controller 124, which can be communicated to an operator or owner of the food waste disposal and storage system 100. Additionally, the storage tank 105 may include a pressure sensor 310b that senses a pressure of the interior of the storage tank. The leak detection system 322 may also utilize the pressure data from the pressure sensor 310b to determine whether there is a leak in the system. Additionally, the controller 124 may monitor the pressure from the pressure sensor 310b, in conjunction with other data, to determine if the discharge valve 202 or the air admittance valve 210 have been mistakenly left open. In such case, the controller 124 can generate an appropriate alert or notification to an owner or operator of the system.

[0048] As shown in Figure 3, scales 324 may be used to weigh the food waste being introduced into the food waste disposal and storage system 100. For example, the bin loader 1 12 can be equipped with a scale 324a to weigh a storage bin 1 14 being loaded into the bin loader 1 12. For example, the controller 124 may store a predetermined weight associated with the storage bin 1 14 and may then determine an amount of food waste being introduced into the food waste disposal and storage system 100 based on the weight indicated by the scale and the stored weight of the storage bin 1 14. Additionally or alternatively, the feed table 104 may be equipped with a scale 324b that weighs food waste deposited directly onto the feed table 104. Additionally or alternatively, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may include a standalone scale 324c for weighing food waste being deposited into the food waste disposal and storage system 100.

[0049] Further, the food waste disposal and storage system 100 may be equipped with one or more visual detection systems 326 to determine when food waste is present at a location in the system or above a predetermined threshold at a location in the system. For example, the feed table 104 may be equipped with a visual detection system 326a that detects when food waste is present on the feed table 104. Additionally or alternatively, the disposer 108 may be equipped with a visual detection system 326b that detects when food waste is present at the intake of the disposer 108. A visual detection system 326, for example, is described in Applicant's commonly assigned U.S. Pat. 8,579,217, which is incorporated herein by reference. The visual detection system 326 may be in communication with the controller 124 and may activate a flow of water from the water supply 300 into a water inlet of the disposer 108. For example, the controller 124 may activate a flow of water from the water supply 300 into the water inlet of the disposer 108 when the visual detection system 326b detects that food waste is present at the intake of the disposer. The controller 124 may also deactivate the flow of water from the water supply 300 into the water inlet of the disposer 108 after a predetermined time period of inactivity, based on monitoring by the visual detection system 326a, 326b. For example, once the visual detection system 326b has not detected food waste present at the intake of the disposer for a predetermined time period, the controller 124 may deactivate the flow of water into the water inlet of the disposer 108.

[0050] Further, as described above, water from the water supply 300 may be sprayed onto the feed table 104 with a sprayer. The controller 124 may determine when water is being sprayed onto the feed table 104 with the sprayer and may deactivate the flow of water into the water inlet of the disposer 108 when the sprayer is activated. In this way, the controller 124 may control the flow of water such that water is not introduced from both the sprayer and the water inlet of the disposer 108 at the same time. Once the controller 124 determines that water is no long being sprayed onto the feed table 104 with the sprayer, the controller 124 may again activate the flow of water into the water inlet of the disposer 108. The controller 124 may be in communication with the sprayer to determine when the sprayer is activated. Additionally or alternatively, the controller 124 may be in communication with a water detection system that determines when water is flowing from the sprayer and/or when water is flowing onto the feed table 104.

[0051] As shown in Figure 3, the disposer 108 may be configured with a splash hood sensor 327 that determines when the splash hood of the disposer 108 has been removed. In such case, when the splash hood of the disposer has been removed, the controller 124 can generate an appropriate alert or notification to an owner or operator of the system and can disable operation of the disposer 108 until the splash hood has been put back or replaced.

[0052] As shown in Figure 3, the storage tank 105 may be equipped with an agitator 336 that stirs or mixes the slurry mix contents of the storage tank 105. Over time, without stirring or mixing, the slurry mix contents of the storage tank 105 can separate with heavier food waste material sinking to the bottom of the storage tank and water and froth rising to the top of the storage tank 105. The separated slurry mix, however, may be more difficult to evacuate from the storage tank 105 during a suction operation when a collection truck 204 sucks the slurry mix from the storage tank 105, as described above. To maintain a more uniform non-separated mixture of the slurry mix, the agitator 336 may be used to stir or mix the contents of the storage tank 105. The agitator 336 may include, for example, agitator blades configured to turn within the storage tank 105 to stir and mix the slurry mix contents of the storage tank 105. The agitator 336 can be operated by an electric motor connected to the electrical supply 302 and controlled by the tank controller 126. In such case, an additional current sensor 306 may be used to sense the current drawn by the agitator.

[0053] Alternatively, the agitator 336 can be configured to be powered by the suction pump of the collection truck 204 through the connection of the discharge hose 208 to the discharge outlet 200 of the storage tank 105. For example, upon connection of the discharge hose 208 to the discharge outlet and operation of the suction pump of the collection truck 204, the agitator 336 may be configured to turn as a result of the suction action caused by the suction pump. Alternatively, the suction pump of the collection truck 204 could be reversible such that it can be operated in a suction mode or in a discharge mode. In the discharge mode, the suction pump could be configured to pump ambient air into the storage tank and the agitator 336 can be configured to turn as a result of the air being pumped into the storage tank 105. In such case, when a collection truck 204 arrives at a food facility for collection of the slurry mix from the storage tank, the operator of the collection truck 204 could connect the discharge hose 208 to the discharge outlet 200 and run the suction pump in the discharge mode to operate the agitator 336 for a predetermined time period before performing the collection operation. In this way, the slurry mix contents of the storage tank 105 will be more uniformly mixed before the collection operation, resulting in a smoother collection operation, with less clogging and reduced load on the suction pump of the collection truck 204.

[0054] As shown in Figure 3, the storage tank 105 may be equipped with a hose 904 connected to a blanketing gas tank 902 (shown in Figure 9) and a blanketing gas valve 906 that controls the flow of a blanketing gas from the blanketing gas tank 902 into the storage tank. As discussed in further detail below, the blanketing gas may be used to pressurize a headspace within the storage tank 105 and may be comprised, for example, of hydrogen, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide. Additionally, the storage tank 105 may be connected to a vent 908 through a relief valve 910 to vent the headspace of the storage tank 105 and relieve pressure within the storage tank 105. As discussed in further detail below, the blanketing gas valve 906 and the relief valve 910 may be controller manually by a user or by the tank controller 126, the controller 124, and/or a remote monitor 330.

[0055] As shown in Figure 3, the controller 124 is equipped with a user interface 328 for receiving input from a user or operator of the food waste disposal and storage system 100 and for displaying output to the user or operator. For example, the user interface 328 can receive input from the user or operator indicating that food waste is ready to be processed so that the controller 124 can initiate system components appropriately. Additionally, the controller 124 can direct the user interface 328 to display alerts or notifications to the user or operator of the system indicating, for example, that the storage tank 105 is full or close to full, that there is a clog in the system, and/or that the pump 1 18, disposer 108, tank heaters 128, or other components, are malfunctioning or in need of maintenance or repair. Additionally, the user interface 328 can receive input indicating a unique identifier for the user or operator. In this way, the controller 124 can associate, track, and store particular food waste loading and disposing operations with particular users or operators. In this way, the data associated with particular users can be reviewed to determine whether, for example, a particular user is utilizing too much water during a food waste loading operation or taking too much time to perform a food waste loading operation. Additionally, data associated with a group of users or operators can be compared. For example, the data can be reviewed to determine whether a particular user generally causes an abnormally high or low number of faults or malfunctions. In this way, the system can determine whether additional training is needed for a user or group of users.

[0056] Further, as discussed in further detail below, controller 124 can communicate with a remote monitor 330 located at a central location remote from the food facility that monitors and analyzes collected data about the food waste disposal and storage system 100 received by and stored at the controller 124. The remote monitor 330, for example, may include a server or other computing device executing monitoring and diagnostics software for implementing the functionality of the present disclosure. The remote monitor 330 may communicate with the controller 124 over an appropriate wired or wireless network connection. For example, the remote monitor 330 may communicate with the controller 124 over a wide area network (WAN), such as the internet. Alternatively, the remote monitor 330 may be located at the same food facility as the controller 124 and may communicate with the controller 124 over a local area network (LAN). Further, although the remote monitor 330 is shown in Figure 3 as being in communication with a single controller 124, it is understood that the remote monitor 330 can be in communication with multiple controllers 124 at multiple different food facilities over a large geographic area. As such, the remote monitor 330 can perform the communication, monitoring, and diagnostic operations described herein for multiple controllers 124 at multiple different food facilities.

[0057] The remote monitor 330 may also be in communication with a customer terminal 332 associated with, and for use by, an owner or operator of the food waste disposal and storage system 100. In this way, an owner or operator of the food waste disposal and storage system 100 can retrieve data associated with the food waste disposal and storage system 100 or receive associated alerts or notifications. Additionally, the remote monitor 330 may likewise be in communication with a hauler terminal 334 associated with, and for use by, a food waste hauler, such as a food waste hauler that operates a collection truck 204. As described in further detail below, the remote monitor 330 may communicate with the hauler terminal 334 to make appropriate scheduling arrangements for collection of the mix within the storage tank 105. Likewise, although the remote monitor 330 is shown in Figure 3 as being in communication with a single customer terminal 332 and a single hauler terminal 334, it is understood that the remote monitor 330 can be in communication with multiple customer terminals 332 for a single customer having, for example, multiple different food facilities, as well as multiple customer terminals 332 associated with multiple different customers or food facilities. Likewise, the remote monitor 330 can be in communication with multiple hauler terminals 334 associated with multiple different haulers.

[0058] The customer terminal 332 and the hauler terminal 334 may be any suitable computing device with an appropriate network connection for communication with the remote monitor 330. For example, the customer terminal 332 and hauler terminal 334 may include desktop computers, laptop computers, tablet devices, mobile devices, such as smartphones or personal digital assistants (PDAs), or any other suitable computing device. The customer terminal 332 and hauler terminal 334 may communicate with the remote monitor 330 over a wired or wireless network connection. Further the customer terminal 332 and hauler terminal 334 may communicate with the remote monitor 330 over a LAN connection or a WAN connection.

[0059] The monitoring and diagnostic service provided by the remote monitor 330 may be performed on a subscription basis for a customer, such as an owner or operator of the food facility. The subscription may include, for example, a periodic subscription fee, such as a weekly, monthly, or annual subscription fee. Further the provider of the monitoring and diagnostic service may sell or lease the equipment and hardware for the food waste disposal and storage system 100, including, for example, the food loading station 102 with the feed table 104 and disposer 108, the pump 1 18, the storage tank 105, the controller 124, the user interface 328, etc. Further the provider of the monitoring and diagnostic service may monitor the food waste disposal and storage system 100 and schedule the collection times with the hauler, as appropriate. In this way, the owner or operator of the food facility does not need to make separate arrangements or payments for collection with the hauler or with an anaerobic digestion facility. Further, monies received from the anaerobic digestion facility could be credited towards the periodic subscription fee, paid to the owner or operator of the food facility, or paid to the provider of the monitoring and diagnostic service. [0060] With reference to Figure 4, further details are shown for the remote monitor 330. Specifically, the remote monitor 330 includes a data collection module 400 for operations and communication related to receiving sensed and calculated data from controller 124 associated with the food disposal and storage system 100. Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes a database 402 stored in memory that includes received data from the controller 124 associated with the food disposal and storage system 100. The data collection module 400, for example, may receive operational data from the controller 124, including sensed and calculated data, and store the received data in the database 402. Because the remote monitor 330 can be in communication with multiple controllers 124 at multiple food disposal and storage systems 100, the data in the database 402 can be appropriately indexed with identifiers indicating the particular controller 124 and particular food disposal and storage system 100 associated with the received data.

[0061] Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes a reporting module 404 for operations and communication related to generating and communicating reports, notifications, and alerts to the customer terminal 332 at a particular food disposal and storage system 100 and/or a hauler terminal 334 associated with a particular hauler. For example, as discussed in further detail below, the reporting module 404 can generate and communicate reports associated with usage data, food waste monitoring, diverted waste, environmental metrics, and energy content for a particular food disposal and storage system 100. Additionally, the reporting module 404 can report data to a customer terminal 332 for use by the customer terminal 332 in displaying a customer dashboard that includes data indicating system status and health metrics. For example, the reporting module 404 can report data for use by the customer terminal 332 for display in the customer dashboard, including the current pumping schedule, any operator assessment or oversight issues, the current tank level of the storage tank 105, a current maintenance schedule, and any alerts or notifications requiring, for example, immediate maintenance.

[0062] Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes a usage determination module 406 for operations and communications related to determining usage data metrics associated with a particular food disposal and storage system 100. For example, as discussed in further detail below, the usage determination module can determine the particular water usage and costs, electricity usage and costs, run time, labor costs, and slurry volume, for example, associated with a particular food disposal and storage system 100.

[0063] Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes a diverted waste determination module 408 for operations and communications related to determining an amount of food waste diverted away from the landfill, or other food waste destination, for a particular food disposal and storage system 100. Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes an energy content determination module 410 for operations and communication related to determining an estimated energy content of food waste in the storage tank 105 or collected from the storage tank 105.

[0064] Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes a pumping schedule module 412 for operations and communication related to determining and updating a current pumping schedule for the storage tank 105 of the food disposal and storage system 100.

[0065] Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes an operator assessment module 414 for evaluating and assessing particular operators that have logged in and used the food disposal and storage system 100, as indicated by the login information received at the user interface 328. As discussed in further detail below, for example, the remote monitor 330 may determine whether an increased number of system faults or malfunctions have occurred during operations associated with a particular user. Additionally, the operator assessment module 414 can determine whether a particular user, for example, uses an increased amount of water during operations of the food disposal and storage system 100.

[0066] Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes a tank level monitor module 416 for determining and monitoring a current tank level of the storage tank 105 at the food disposal and storage system 100, based on data received, for example, from the level sensor 320.

[0067] Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes a maintenance schedule module 418 for operations and communication associated with determining whether any particular component of the food disposal and storage system 100 is in need of maintenance. Additionally, the maintenance schedule module 418 can predict, based on monitored operational data, whether a particular component of the food disposal and storage system 100 will be in need of maintenance in the near future. [0068] Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes an alerts/immediate maintenance module 420 for operations and communication associated with generating alerts or notifications indicating, for example, an emergency situation requiring immediate maintenance or assistance. For example, the alerts/immediate maintenance module 420 can generate alerts indicating that the storage tank 105 is full or near full, that the temperature in the storage tank 105 is too low or leaking, or that there is a clog or obstruction in the system, for example, at the pump discharge pipe.

[0069] Additionally, the remote monitor 330 includes a composition optimization module 422 for operations and communications related to monitoring and controlling processes of the food disposal and storage system 100 and, more particularly, related to receiving sensed and calculated data from controller 124 and determining whether any adjustments are needed to the processes or operation of the food disposal and storage system 100 to optimize composition characteristics of the slurry mix contents of the storage tank 105. As discussed in further detail below, for example, the composition optimization module 422 may monitor characteristics of the slurry mix, such as the pH, temperature, and/or water content of the slurry mix, and compare the characteristics to corresponding optimal ranges or thresholds and determine whether any adjustments are needed to the food disposal and storage system 100. For example, based on the monitoring and comparing, the composition optimization module 422 can determine whether to adjust the pH of the slurry mix, the temperature of the slurry mix, or the water content of the slurry mix to maximize the production of VFAs present in the slurry mix. Additionally, the composition optimization module 422 can determine whether to adjust the amount or level of mixing or agitation of the slurry mix to maximize the production of VFAs present in the slurry mix. Further, the composition optimization module 422 can determine whether a blanketing gas, such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide, or nitrogen, should be used to maximize the production of VFAs and/or reduce the degradation of soluble VFAs present in the slurry mix in the storage tank 105. For example, the composition optimization module 422 may monitor a pressure within the storage tank 105 and control the blanketing gas valve 906 and/or the relief valve 910, as appropriate to maintain a pressure within the storage tank 105.

[0070] Although shown in Figure 4 as implemented in the remote monitor 330, the composition optimization module 422 may alternatively be implemented in the controller 124 or in the tank controller 126. In such case, the composition optimization module 422 could monitor and control processes of the food disposal and storage system 100, including receiving sensed and calculated data from the controller 124 or the tank controller 126 and determining whether any adjustments are needed to the processes or operation of the food disposal and storage system 100 to optimize composition characteristics of the slurry mix contents of the storage tank 105, without communicating with the remote monitor 330. Additionally, the functionality of the composition optimization module 422 may be split between the controller 124 and the tank controller 126.

[0071] With reference to Figure 5, a control algorithm 500 is shown for adjusting a pH of the slurry mix stored in the storage tank 105. The control algorithm 500 may be performed by the remote monitor 330, the controller 124, or the tank controller 126. For example, the control algorithm 500 may be performed by a composition optimization module 422 implemented in the remote monitor 330, in the controller 124, or in the tank controller 126. The control algorithm 500 starts at 502.

[0072] At 504, the composition optimization module 422 determines the pH of the slurry mix in the storage tank based on sensed pH data from the pH sensor 316. At 506, the composition optimization module 422 compares the pH of the slurry mix with an optimal pH range or threshold. The optimal pH range, for example, may vary depending on the specific type of VFA being optimized. For example, a pH in the range of 4.5 - 6.0 or in the narrower range of 5.0 - 6.0 is optimal to maximize the production of acetic acid in the slurry mix. In such case, the particular range utilized by the composition optimization module 422 at step 506 may be, for example, 4.5 - 6.0 or 5.0 - 6.0. Alternatively, a pH in the range of 5.5 - 7.0 is optimal to maximize the production of caproic acid in the slurry mix. In such case, the particular range utilized by the composition optimization module 422 at step 506 may be, for example, 5.5 - 7.0. Instead of using optimal ranges, the composition optimization module 422 may alternatively use an optimal pH threshold value, compare the current pH to the optimal pH threshold value, and base any subsequent pH adjustments on the difference between the current pH and the optimal pH threshold value.

[0073] At 508, the composition optimization module 422 determines whether a pH adjustment to the slurry mix is needed based on the comparison performed at step 506. For example, if the current pH is outside of the optimal range or the difference between the current pH and the optimal pH threshold value is more than a predetermined amount, the pH of the slurry mix may need to be adjusted. At 508, when a pH adjustment is needed, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to 510 and generates a user notification to introduce additives to the slurry mix to adjust the pH of the slurry mix. At 508, when a pH adjustment is not needed, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to 512. At 512, the control algorithm 500 ends.

[0074] The user notification generated by the composition optimization module 422 at 510 may include a recommendation for the specific type and amount of additive to be added to the slurry mix for adjusting the pH. For example, the recommendation may be to add sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or bicarbonate additives to the slurry mix to adjust the pH of the slurry mix towards the optimal pH range or threshold. Alternatively, the recommendation could include specific bacterial additives to add to the slurry mix to adjust the pH of the slurry mix towards the optimal pH range or threshold.

[0075] With reference to Figure 6, a control algorithm 600 is shown for adjusting a temperature of the slurry mix in the storage tank using the tank heaters 128 or tank cooling system 129. The control algorithm 600 may be performed by the remote monitor 330, the controller 124, or the tank controller 126. For example, the control algorithm 600 may be performed by a composition optimization module 422 implemented in the remote monitor 330, in the controller 124, or in the tank controller 126. The control algorithm 600 starts at 602.

[0076] At 604, the composition optimization module 422 determines whether yeast is currently established in the storage tank 105. For example, the slurry mix in the storage tank 105 will generally develop yeast during an acclimation period of approximately one to two weeks. As discussed in further detail below, the optimal temperature range for the slurry mix is generally lower during the acclimation period for the yeast. Once the yeast is established during the acclimation period, the optimal temperature range for the slurry mix is increased for optimal fermentation. The yeast in the storage tank 105 may remain established even after the slurry mix is collected from the storage tank 105 provided that the storage tank 105 is not cleaned prior to food waste being reintroduced into the storage tank 105. As such, the controller 124 and/or the remote monitor 330 may receive user input each time the storage tank 105 is cleaned indicating that the storage tank 105 is now clean. Depending on the time since the last cleaning of the storage tank 105, the composition optimization module 422 at step 604 may determine whether yeast is established. At 604, when it is determined that yeast is not yet established, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to 606. At 604, when it is determined that yeast is already established, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to 614.

[0077] At 606, the composition optimization module 422 determines the current temperature of the slurry mix in the storage tank 105 based on sensed temperature data from temperature sensor 314b. At 608, the composition optimization module 422 compares the temperature of the slurry mix with a first temperature range. For example, a temperature in the range of 20 °C (68 °F) to 27 °C (81 °F) is optimal to maximize the production of acetic acid in the slurry mix. Further, a most optimal temperature to maximize the production of acetic acid in the slurry mix may be 26 °C (79 °F). As such, the first temperature range may be 20 °C (68 °F) to 27°C (81 °F) or may be a narrower range around 26°C (79 °F). Instead of using optimal ranges, the composition optimization module 422 may alternatively use a first optimal temperature threshold value, such as 26 °C (79 °F), and may compare the current temperature to the first optimal temperature threshold value and base any subsequent temperature adjustments on the difference between the current temperature and the first optimal temperature threshold value. The composition optimization module 422 then proceeds to 610.

[0078] At 610, the composition optimization module 422 determines whether a temperature adjustment to the slurry mix is needed based on the comparison performed at step 608. For example, if the current temperature is outside of the first temperature range or the difference between the current temperature and the first optimal temperature threshold value is more than a predetermined amount, the temperature of the slurry mix may need to be adjusted. At 610, when a temperature adjustment is needed, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to 612 and adjusts operation of the tank heater(s) 128 or the tank cooling system 129. For example, if the temperature of the slurry mix needs to be increased, the composition optimization module 422 can turn on the tank heater(s) 128 or increase the level of operation of the tank heater(s) 128 if already operating. Additionally, if the temperature of the slurry mix needs to be decreased, the composition optimization module 422 can turn on the tank cooling system 129 or increase the level of operation of the tank cooling system 129 if already operating. At 610, when a temperature adjustment is not needed, or after adjusting operation of the tank heater(s) 128 or the tank cooling system 129, the composition optimization module 422 returns to step 604.

[0079] At 604, when the composition optimization module 422 determines that yeast is currently established in the storage tank 105, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to step 614. Steps 614, 616, 618, and 620 are the same as steps 606, 608, 610, and 612, respectively, except that a second temperature range is used in place of the first temperature range. Once yeast has been established in the storage tank 105, the second temperature range is used for the comparison at step 616 and corresponds to the optimal fermentation temperature range. For example, once yeast has been established in the storage tank 105, a temperature in the range of 27°C (81 °F) to 38 °C (100°F) is optimal to maximize the production of acetic acid in the slurry mix. Further, a most optimal temperature to maximize the production of acetic acid in the slurry mix after yeast has been established may be 35 °C (95 °F). As such, the second temperature range may be 27°C (81 °F) to 38°C (100°F) or may be a narrower range around 35°C (95°F). Instead of using optimal ranges, the composition optimization module 422 may alternatively use a second optimal temperature threshold value, such as 35 °C (95 °F), and may compare the current temperature to the second optimal temperature threshold value and base any subsequent temperature adjustments on the difference between the current temperature and the second optimal temperature threshold value. At step 618, when a temperature adjustment is not needed, the composition optimization module 422 loops back to step 614. At step 618, when a temperature adjustment is needed, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to step 620 and adjusts operation of the tank heater(s) 128 or tank cooling system 129. After step 620, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to 622.

[0080] At 622, the composition optimization module 422 determines whether the slurry mix in the storage tank 105 has been collected. At 622, when the slurry mix has not been collected, the composition optimization module 422 loops back to 614. At 622, when the slurry mix has been collected, the control algorithm 600 ends at 624. The control algorithm 600 can then be restarted at 602 once food waste is again introduced into the storage tank 105. [0081] With reference to Figure 7, a control algorithm 700 is shown for adjusting a water content of the slurry mix in the storage tank. The control algorithm 700 may be performed by the remote monitor 330, the controller 124, or the tank controller 126. For example, the control algorithm 700 may be performed by a composition optimization module 422 implemented in the remote monitor 330, in the controller 124, or in the tank controller 126. The control algorithm 700 starts at 702.

[0082] At steps 704 to 710, the composition optimization module 422 determines the current water content of the slurry mix. For example, at 704 the composition optimization module 422 determines the total system run time since the storage tank 105 was last emptied. At 706, the composition optimization module 422 determines the amount of water used for grinding food waste based on the total system run time since the storage tank 105 was last emptied and the flow of water in gallons-per-minute, based on data sensed by flow sensor 308a. At 708, the composition optimization module 422 determines the current volume of slurry mix in the storage tank 105 based on data sensed by the level sensor 320. At 710, the composition optimization module 422 determines the water content of the slurry mix based on the determined amount of water used for grinding food waste, as determined at step 706, and the current volume of the slurry mix, as determined at 708. Alternatively, instead of calculating or estimating the water content of the slurry mix in the storage tank, the system may include a chemical composition sensor, such as chemical composition sensor 318, that measures the water content or percent of total solids in the slurry mix and communicates the measured water content or percent of total solids data to the controller 124 or the tank controller 126. In such case, steps 704 to 710 may be replaced with a single step of receiving the measured water content or percent of total solids data from the chemical composition sensor 318.

[0083] At 712, the composition optimization module 422 compares the water content to an optimal range or threshold. For example, a water content of in the range of 95% to 97% water or 3% to 5% total solids in the slurry mix is optimal to maximize the production of acetic acid in the slurry mix. Instead of using an optimal range, the composition optimization module 422 may alternatively use an optimal water content threshold value, such as 95% water content or 5% total solids in the slurry mix, and may compare the current water content to the optimal water content threshold value and base any subsequent water content adjustments on the difference between the current water content and the optimal water content threshold value. Additionally, the optimal range or threshold may be selected, adjusted, or optimized based on factors specific to the particular food waste disposal and storage system 100. For example, higher water content can enhance hydrolysis as well as pumpability. Water content in the range of 95% to 97% water or 3% to 5% total solids in the slurry mix may be optimized, for example, to enhance hydrolysis. On the other hand, higher water content can require emptying the storage tank 105 more frequently, increasing hauling and transportation costs. As such, water content of 90% total water or 10% total solids, for example, may be optimized for minimizing or reducing the frequency of removing the slurry mix from the storage tank 105 and reducing hauling and transportation costs. In addition, the total water content may be comprised of water added to the system, which can be monitored and controlled as discussed in detail above, in addition to the water content inherent in the food, which may not be controllable or that may be less controllable than the water added to the system. Based on these considerations, the specific optimal range or threshold used for monitoring and evaluating water content can be customizable by a user, administrator, or customer of the food waste disposal and storage system 100 from the customer terminal 332 and/or from the hauler terminal 334. In this way, the specific optimal range or threshold for the water content can be set or adjusted based on factors and considerations specific to the particular food waste disposal and storage system 100 to optimize the water content of the slurry mix in the storage tank 105 to control water flow into the storage tank 105 to optimize, for example, the production of acetic acid in light of the economic and logistical considerations for collection and hauling of the slurry mix from the storage tank 105. After 712, the composition optimization module 422 then proceeds to 714.

[0084] At 714, the composition optimization module 422 determines whether a water content adjustment to the slurry mix is needed based on the comparison performed at step 714. For example, if the water content is outside of the water content range or the difference between the current water content and the optimal water content threshold value is more than a predetermined amount, the water content of the slurry mix may need to be adjusted. At 714, when a water content adjustment is needed, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to 716 and adjusts operation of water supply 300 to reduce or increase the flow of water to the feed table 104 and/or the disposer 108, as appropriate. For example, when the composition optimization module 422 is implemented in the controller 124, the controller can adjust operation of the water supply 300 to reduce or increase the flow of water to the feed table 104 and/or the disposer 108, as appropriate. When the composition optimization module 422 is implemented in the remote monitor 330, the remote monitor 330 can instruct the controller 124 to adjust operation of the water supply 300 to reduce or increase the flow of water to the feed table 104 and/or the disposer 108, as appropriate. Additionally, or alternatively, the composition optimization module 422 may issue a user notification for delivery to the customer terminal 332 to notify the customer that the water content of slurry mix may need to be increased or decreased to reach optimal water content of slurry mix so that the user can take appropriate action to increase or decrease the water content to the system. For example, the user can introduce additional water into the disposer 108 to increase the water content of the slurry mix. Additionally, the user can introduce additional food waste, including food waste with a low water content, to reduce the water content of the slurry mix and increase the solid content of the slurry mix. At 714, when a water content adjustment is not needed, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to 718. At 718, the control algorithm 700 ends. The control algorithm 700 may be rerun periodically at regular intervals, for example, hourly, or daily, or at the initiation or request of the user.

[0085] With reference to Figure 8, a control algorithm 800 is shown for periodically mixing or agitating the slurry mix in the storage tank. The control algorithm 800 may be performed by the remote monitor 330, the controller 124, or the tank controller 126. For example, the control algorithm 800 may be performed by a composition optimization module 422 implemented in the remote monitor 330, in the controller 124, or in the tank controller 126. The control algorithm 800 starts at 802.

[0086] At 804, the composition optimization module 422 resets a timer. At 806, the composition optimization module 422 compares the timer to a predetermined threshold. For example, the predetermined threshold may be 1 or more hours or one or more days. At 818, the composition optimization module 422 determines whether the timer has expired based on the comparison to the threshold. When the timer has not expired, the composition optimization module 422 loops back to step 806. When the timer has expired, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to 810. [0087] At 810, the composition optimization module 422 operates the agitator 336 at a moderate level. For example, moderate and occasional mixing or agitation of the slurry mix is optimal to maximize production of acetic acid in the slurry mix. As such, when the timer expires, the agitator 336 in the storage tank 105 may be operated at a moderate level to mix the slurry mix. When the composition optimization module 422 is implemented in the controller 124, the controller 124 may directly communicate with the agitator 336, the tank controller 126, or a separate controller for the agitator, such as a controller for an electric motor that drives the agitator, to instruct the agitator 336 to operate at a moderate level over a predetermined time period, such as a period of 15 minutes. Similarly, when the composition optimization module 422 is implemented in the remote monitor 330, the remote monitor 330 may communicate with the controller 124 or tank controller 126 to instruct the controller 124 or tank controller 126 to instruct the agitator 336, or a separate controller for the agitator, to operate at a moderate level over a predetermined time period, such as a period of 15 minutes. Other predetermined time periods can also be used. After operation of the agitator, the composition optimization module 422 loops back to step 804. The control algorithm 800 continues in this fashion until ended. For example, the control algorithm 800 may continue until the storage tank 105 is emptied.

[0088] With reference to Figure 9, a storage tank 105 is shown partially filled to the level indicated by the dashed line 900, leaving a headspace 901 at the top of the storage tank 105. Use of a blanketing gas, such as hydrogen, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide to pressurize the headspace can promote the production of VFAs and, in particular, the production of butyric and propionic acid and methanol, in the slurry mix. The use of such a blanketing gas to pressurize the headspace can also reduce the degradation of soluble VFAs in the slurry mix. As shown in Figure 9, the storage tank 105 is connected to a blanketing gas tank 902 via a hose 904 and blanketing gas valve 906. The blanketing gas tank 902 can store, for example, pressurized hydrogen, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide. The blanketing gas valve 906 can be opened to introduce the blanketing gas into the headspace to pressurize the headspace with the blanketing gas. In addition, the storage tank 105 is connected to a vent 908 and a relief valve 910 to relieve pressure and prevent over pressurization and damage to the storage tank 105. In this way, the pressure within the storage tank can be maintained within an optimal range, as discussed in further detail below. Maintaining the storage tank under pressure with the blanketing gas can optimize the reaction in the slurry mix that produces VFAs and butyric and propionic acid and methanol in particular. An operator or user can operate the blanketing gas valve 906 to periodically introduce the blanketing gas into the storage tank 105. An operator or user can also operate the relief valve 910 to reduce or relieve pressure within the storage tank 105. Additionally and/or alternatively, the blanketing gas valve 906 and the relief valve 910 can be controlled by controller 124 or tank controller 126, which can operate the blanketing gas valve 906 and the relief valve 910 to maintain the pressure within the storage tank 105 within an optimal range based on monitored parameters of the slurry mix and storage tank 105, including a monitored pressure within the storage tank as sensed by pressure sensor 310b. In such case, the composition optimization module 422 can control the introduction of the blanketing gas into the storage tank 105 as well as the venting of the blanketing gas from the storage tank 105 through operation of the blanketing gas valve 906 and the relief valve 910. For example, when the composition optimization module 422 is implemented in the controller 124 or tank controller 126, the controller 124 or tank controller 126 can directly control the blanketing gas valve 906 and/or the relief valve 910. Alternatively, the controller 124 can communicate instructions to the tank controller 126 to control the blanketing gas valve 906 and/or the relief valve 910. When the composition optimization module 422 is implemented in the remote monitor 330, the remote monitor 330 can communicate with the controller 124 and/or tank controller 126 to instruct the controller 124 and/or tank controller 126 to appropriately control the blanketing gas valve 906 and the relief valve 910 to introduce the blanketing gas into the storage tank 105 or to vent the blanketing gas from the storage tank 105. When such a blanketing gas is used, aside from the blanketing gas valve 906, the relief valve 910, and the pump discharge pipe 120, the storage tank 105 can otherwise be sealed to maintain the pressure of the blanketing gas within the storage tank 105, as controlled by the blanketing gas valve 906 and the relief valve 910.

[0089] Alternatively, the blanketing gas can be mixed in with the slurry mix in addition to or instead of pressurizing the headspace 901 of the storage tank 105 with the blanketing gas. Further, instead of connecting the hose 904 and blanketing gas valve 906 to the storage tank 105, the hose 904 and blanketing gas valve 906 could be alternatively connected to the pump discharge pipe 120. In this way, the blanketing gas can be introduced to the slurry of food waste and water as it is being introduced into the storage tank 105.

[0090] With reference to Figure 10, a control algorithm 1000 is shown for adjusting a pressure within the storage tank 105. The control algorithm 1000 may be performed by the remote monitor 330, the controller 124, or the tank controller 126. For example, the control algorithm 1000 may be performed by a composition optimization module 422 implemented in the remote monitor 330, in the controller 124, or in the tank controller 126. The control algorithm 1000 starts at 1002.

[0091] At 1004, the composition optimization module 422 determines the current pressure inside the storage tank 105 based on sensed pressure data from the pressure sensor 310b. At 1006, the composition optimization module 422 may compare the measured pressure within the storage tank 105 with an optimal pressure range. The optimal pressure range, for example, may be above ambient atmospheric pressure. Alternatively, instead of using an optimal range, the composition optimization module 422 may use an optimal pressure threshold value, compare the current pressure to the optimal pressure threshold value, and base any subsequent pressure adjustments on the difference between the current pressure and the optimal pressure threshold value.

[0092] At 1008, the composition optimization module 422 determines whether a pressure adjustment is needed based on the comparison performed at step 1006. For example, if the current pressure is less than a lower end of the optimal pressure range, then the pressure within the storage tank 105 may need to be increased by opening the blanketing gas valve 906. Further, if the current pressure is greater than an upper end of the optimal pressure range, then the pressure within the storage tank 105 may need to be decreased by opening the relief valve 910 to relieve pressure and prevent over pressurization and damage to the storage tank 105. Alternatively, if an optimal pressure threshold value is used, if the difference between the current pressure and the optimal pressure threshold value is greater than a predetermined amount, then the pressure within the storage tank 105 may likewise need to be adjusted by operation of the blanketing gas valve 906 or the relief valve 910, as appropriate. At 1008, when a pressure adjustment is needed, the composition optimization module 422 proceeds to 101 0 and operates the blanketing gas valve 906 or the relief valve 910 to appropriately adjust the pressure within the storage tank 105. For example, if the composition optimization module 422 is implemented in the tank controller 126, the composition optimization module 422 may operate blanketing gas valve 906 to increase the pressure by introducing additional blanketing gas into the storage tank 105 or operate the relief valve 910 to reduce the pressure by venting pressure from the storage tank 105. If the composition optimization module 422 is implemented in the controller 124 or remote monitor 330, the composition optimization module 422 may generate an instruction to the controller 124 or the tank controller 126 to operate the blanketing gas valve 906 to introduce the blanketing gas into the storage tank 105. Alternatively, the composition optimization module 422 may generate a user notification to introduce the blanketing gas into the storage tank 105 by providing an instruction to a user or operator to operate the blanketing gas valve 906 or the relief valve 910. At 1010, after adjusting the pressure within the storage tank 105, the composition optimization module 422 loops back to 1004. At 1008, when a pressure adjustment is not needed, the composition optimization module 422 also loops back to 1004.

[0093] Food waste collected by the food waste disposal and storage system 100 can be pre-treated as or before it is introduced to the storage tank 105. For example, the methods used to recycle organic waste vary by the type of waste and the intended use of the outcomes. Food-related organic waste can be categorized as: fats, oils and greases (FOG); animal tissues; and food waste, such as solids, sludge, or in solution. There are two types of FOG: yellow grease and brown grease. Yellow grease includes unadulterated fats typically from deep fat fryers in food preparation establishments. There is an established recycling stream for yellow grease in which it is used for animal feed additives, in the chemical industry to help make surfactants, plastics, resins, textiles, soap, lubricants, and cosmetics, and a small percentage for miscellaneous applications such as biofuels. An industry is also developing for recycling brown grease through thermal depolymerization into material suitable for biofuels, composting, and irrigation.

[0094] Animal tissue can be collected as solids and has a high fat and protein content. To help optimize the energy obtainable from animal tissue in anaerobic digestion, the animal tissue can be pretreated. For example, the animal tissue can be "slow cooked" with lye under pressure and using a carbon dioxide additive to control the pH. Such a method can significantly increase the methane production during subsequent anaerobic digestion as compared to untreated animal waste. [0095] The systems and methods for disposal, storage, and treatment of food waste and for monitoring and diagnostics for food waste disposal, storage, and treatment systems are also described in the documents concurrently filed herewith as the Appendix to the Specification, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0096] The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.

[0097] For purposes of clarity, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings to identify similar elements. As used herein, the phrase at least one of A, B, and C should be construed to mean a logical (A or B or C), using a nonexclusive logical OR. It should be understood that one or more steps within a method may be executed in different order (or concurrently), as appropriate, without altering the principles of the present disclosure.

[0098] As used herein, the term module may refer to, be part of, or include: an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC); an electronic circuit; a combinational logic circuit; a field programmable gate array (FPGA); a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) that executes code; other suitable hardware components that provide the described functionality; or a combination of some or all of the above, such as in a system-on-chip. The term module may include memory (shared, dedicated, or group) that stores code executed by the processor.

[0099] The term code, as used above, may include software, firmware, and/or microcode, and may refer to programs, routines, functions, classes, and/or objects. The term shared, as used above, means that some or all code from multiple modules may be executed using a single (shared) processor. In addition, some or all code from multiple modules may be stored by a single (shared) memory. The term group, as used above, means that some or all code from a single module may be executed using a group of processors. In addition, some or all code from a single module may be stored using a group of memories. [0100] The apparatuses and methods described herein may be implemented by one or more computer programs executed by one or more processors. The computer programs include processor-executable instructions that are stored on a non-transitory tangible computer readable medium. The computer programs may also include stored data. Non-limiting examples of the non-transitory tangible computer readable medium are nonvolatile memory, magnetic storage, and optical storage.

[0101] Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.

[0102] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," and "having," are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.

[0103] When an element or layer is referred to as being "on," "engaged to," "connected to," or "coupled to" another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly engaged to," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (e.g., "between" versus "directly between," "adjacent" versus "directly adjacent," etc.). As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0104] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first stage, element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second stage, element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.