TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a converting machine which is suitable in the production of paper or cardboard boxes having a printed pattern on both the inside surface and the outside surface.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the packaging industry, boxes are typically produced from corrugated cardboard or paperboard sheet substrates. There are two main types of boxes; folded slotted boxes (also sometimes referred to as “folding boxes”) and flat-packed boxes. The folded slotted boxes are folded and glued together in a converting machine, whereas the flat-packed boxes are provided as flat sheets from the converting machine and are subsequently folded and potentially closed (e.g. with an adhesive tape) when provided with their final content.

The present invention relates to a converting machine comprising printing units. Such a converting machine can be configured as a rotary die-cutting machine suitable for producing printed flat-packed boxes, or as a flexo-folder-gluer converting machine for producing folded slotted boxes. Taking the rotary die cutting machine as an example, it comprises a series of modules including a feeder module, a flexographic printing module, a die-cutter module and typically a stacker module.

Cardboard or paperboard boxes are typically provided with a printed pattern on the outside surface. In a standard outside-printing process, flexographic printing cylinders in the converting machine are typically located below the sheet and configured to print on the bottom side of the sheet. The bottom side of the sheet may then represent the outside surface of the box.

It is sometimes also desirable to print on the inside of the box. By also printing on the inside, further information or ornamental patterns can be provided on the inside surface of the box. In order to print on both the outside and the inside of the box, the flexographic printing module further needs to include at least one additional flexographic printing unit having a printing cylinder arranged to print on the top side of the sheet.

When the sheet is printed from underneath, the sheet needs to be conveyed on the top side. Conversely, if the sheet is to be printed on the top surface, the sheet needs to be conveyed on the bottom side.

The transportation and adherence of the sheet is partly achieved with transportation elements and vacuum suction units which are configured to apply suction in an alternating manner against the bottom side and the top side of the sheet. This arrangement drives and maintains the sheet in the desired vertical position against the printing cylinders inside the converting machine.

For a double-sided printing process, there is a need to transition/switch the side of conveyance of the sheet between the upper and bottom flexographic printing cylinders. However, this change in conveyance and adherence causes the sheet to vertically change direction. This may cause a disruption, such as to cause undesirable register shifts and further misalignments of the downstream-located printing, cutting and creasing operations.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned problem, it is an object of the present invention to provide a converting machine with a smooth and controlled transition of the sheet between a top printing unit and a bottom printing unit.

The object of the present invention is solved by a converting machine according to claim 1 .

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a converting machine for printing and transforming a sheet into a packaging element for a box, the converting machine comprising:

- A printing module comprising a first printing unit arranged to print on a top side of a sheet, and a second printing unit arranged to print on a bottom side of the sheet, - A conveying system configured to transport the sheet through the converting machine along a transportation path in a direction of conveyance, the conveying system comprising a first transfer unit configured to contact and transport the sheet on the bottom side of the sheet and a second transfer unit configured to contact and transport the sheet on the top side of the sheet, the transfer units comprising drive elements configured to move the sheet forward in the direction of conveyance and vacuum apertures arranged to adhere the sheet to the drive elements, wherein the converting machine further comprises an inversion transfer module arranged between the first printing unit and the second printing unit, the inversion transfer module comprising an inlet inversion vacuum transfer and an outlet inversion vacuum transfer, each configured to contact and transport a different side of the sheet, whereby the inversion transfer module is configured to change the side of adherence and transportation of the sheet.

The invention is based on a realization that a controlled change of the side of conveyance of the sheet can be achieved in a dedicated module, which is configured to take control over the conveyance of the sheet. Hence, the inversion transfer module vertically displaces the sheet at the same time as the side of conveyance changes.

The packaging element can be a flat-packed box, a folded slotted box or a folding box. The packaging element is preferably made from cardboard or paperboard.

In an embodiment, the printing module is a flexographic printing module and the first printing unit comprises a top printing cylinder arranged to print on a top side of a sheet, and a second printing unit having a bottom printing cylinder arranged to print on a bottom side of the sheet.

In an embodiment, the printing module is an offset printing module and the first printing unit comprises a top printing cylinder arranged to print on a top side of a sheet, and a second printing unit having a bottom printing cylinder arranged to print on a bottom side of the sheet.

In an embodiment, the first printing unit is an ink-jet printing unit configured to print on the top side of the sheet, and the second printing unit is a flexographic printing module configured to print on the bottom side of the sheet. In an embodiment, the converting machine is in the configuration of a rotary die cutter. In another embodiment, the converting machine is in the configuration of a flexo-folder-gluer.

In an embodiment, the first flexographic printing unit is arranged upstream of the second flexographic printing unit in the direction of conveyance, and the inlet inversion vacuum transfer is configured to apply suction to the bottom side of the sheet. The inlet inversion vacuum transfer is thus configured to make the bottom side of the sheet adhere to drive elements of the inlet inversion transfer.

In an embodiment, the inlet inversion vacuum transfer is driven in unison with an adjacent transfer unit of the closest upstream-located printing unit. The speed of the inlet inversion vacuum transfer is equal to the speed of the transfer unit of the closest upstream-located printing unit.

In an embodiment, the outlet inversion vacuum-transfer is driven in unison with the transfer unit of the closest downstream-located printing unit. The speed of the outlet inversion vacuum transfer is equal to the speed of the transfer unit of the closest downstream-located flexographic printing unit.

In an embodiment, the converting machine further comprises a die-cutting module located downstream of the printing module in the direction of conveyance.

In an embodiment, the converting machine comprises a mobile part and a fixed part, and the inversion transfer module is arranged as a transition element between the mobile part and the fixed part. The mobile part comprises modules which are displaceable on a floor. The fixed part comprises modules which are stationary mounted on the floor.

In an embodiment, the inversion transfer module is provided with displacement means, enabling a horizontal displacement of the inversion transfer module in relation to a flexographic printing unit. The displacement means can be wheels, rollers or a slide rail.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided an inversion transfer module for a converting machine having a flexographic printing module comprising at least one first flexographic printing unit having a top printing cylinder arranged to print on a top side of a sheet, and at least one second flexographic printing unit having a bottom printing cylinder arranged to print a bottom side of the sheet, the inversion transfer module being configured to convey the sheet between the at least one first flexographic printing unit and the at least one second flexographic printing unit, and wherein the inversion transfer module comprises an inlet inversion vacuum transfer and an outlet inversion vacuum transfer, each configured to contact and transport a different side of the sheet, whereby the inversion transfer module is configured to change the side of adherence and transportation of the sheet.

In an embodiment, the printing module is a flexographic printing module and wherein the first printing unit comprises a top printing cylinder arranged to print on a top side of a sheet, and a second printing unit having a bottom printing cylinder arranged to print on a bottom side of the sheet.

In an embodiment, the inversion transfer module further comprises a pivotably movable locking part connected to a housing of the inversion transfer module. The pivotably movable locking part may be configured to engage with a corresponding mating geometry in a printing module such as to mechanically connect the housing of the inversion transfer module with a housing of the printing unit.

In an embodiment, the inversion transfer module further comprises a first deflector arranged in an angle and defining an entry clearance and an exit clearance with the inlet inversion vacuum transfer, wherein the entry clearance is larger than the exit clearance, such that a funnel-shaped entry passage to the outlet inversion vacuum transfer is provided.

In an embodiment, the inversion transfer module comprises a second horizontally arranged deflector defining an entry clearance and an exit clearance with the outlet inversion transfer, wherein the deflector is parallel to the outlet inversion vacuum transfer.

In an embodiment, the inlet inversion vacuum transfer is connected to a first vacuum generator and the outlet inversion vacuum transfer is connected to a second vacuum generator. In an embodiment, the vacuum-suction force of the inversion vacuum transfer configured to apply suction to the top side of the sheet is higher than the vacuumsuction force to the inversion vacuum transfer configured to apply suction to the bottom side of the sheet.

In an embodiment, the inversion transfer module further comprises a structural frame, wherein the upper and lower inversion vacuum transfers are mounted on the same structural frame. The structural frame is separate from the flexographic printing module.

In an embodiment, the inversion transfer module is provided with displacement means, enabling a horizontal displacement of the inversion transfer module. The displacement means can be wheels, rollers or guide rail.

In an embodiment, a housing of the inversion vacuum transfer configured to apply suction to the top side of the sheet comprises separate suction compartments connected to an upper vacuum generator.

The compartments may be defined by internal walls extending in the direction of conveyance and are arranged such that a centrally arranged suction compartment is provided, the centrally arranged suction compartment being arranged inbetween a first lateral suction compartment and a second lateral suction compartment.

In an embodiment, the internal walls are configured as movable shutters, and wherein the suction force from the vacuum generator can be distributed to the first lateral suction box and a second lateral suction box the by opening the shutters.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention and from the appended figures, in which like features are denoted with the same reference numbers and in which:

Figures 1 a and 1 b show a flat-packed box after and before assembly, respectively; Figure 1c illustrates a schematic view of a stack of sheet substrates;

Figure 2 shows an example of a converting machine in the configuration of a rotary die-cutting machine;

Figure 3 shows a schematic perspective view of a flexographic printing module;

Figure 4 illustrates a schematic perspective view of a flexographic printing assembly;

Figure 5 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a vacuum transfer;

Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an inversion transfer module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7a is a detailed cross-sectional view of an inversion transfer module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7b is a detailed view of the transition between a bottom inversion vacuum transfer and a top vacuum inversion transfer;

Figures 8a and 8b illustrate a schematic cross-sectional view of a locking arrangement between the inversion transfer module and a flexographic printing unit;

Figure 9 is a schematic perspective view of the inversion transfer module of figure 7a from an inlet side;

Figure 10 is a schematic perspective view of the inversion transfer module from an outlet side;

Figure 1 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inversion transfer module of figures 9 and 10;

Figures 12a and 12b are schematic cross-sectional views of a flexographic printing unit for top-printing according to an embodiment of the present invention, and in which the printing assembly is in a printing and service position, respectively;

Figures 13a and 13b are schematic side-views of a structural frame of the flexographic printing unit of figures 12a and 12b; Figure 14 is a schematic frontal view of the structural frame from figures 12a and 12b; and

Figure 15 is a schematic perspective view of the structural frame of figure 14.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Now referring to figures 1 a and 1 b, which illustrate an example of a flat-packed box 1 ” and a box T obtained from the flat-packed box 1 ” after folding. As seen in the figures, the flat-packed box T comprises creased edges 2 which enable folding, cut exterior edges 4 which provide the overall shape to the box 1 ’, and may further comprise cut-outs 5 (e.g., for handles). The flat-packed box 1 ” is obtained from a sheet substrate 1 , such as the one illustrated in figure 1 c. The sheet substrate 1 is a square or rectangular sheet of cardboard or paperboard.

The flat-packed box 1 ” of figure 1 b is produced in a converting machine 10, as the one illustrated in figure 2. At an entry position of the converting machine 10, an unprocessed paperboard or cardboard sheet substrate 1 is placed in a feeder module 14 and is transported in a direction of conveyance D in order to undergo a series of operations which print, cut and crease the sheet substrate 1 .

The converting machine 10 illustrated in figure 2 is in the configuration of a rotary die-cutter machine. However, in another non-illustrated embodiment the converting machine 10 may be in the configuration of a flexo-folder-gluer machine. The converting machine 10 of figure 2 comprises a plurality of different modules or workstations which provide different processing steps to the sheet substrate 1 , as it is being conveyed through the converting machine 10.

From the inlet of the converting machine 10 and in a downstream direction along the direction of conveyance D, the converting machine 10 may comprise a prefeeder 12, a feeder module 14, a flexographic printing module 16 comprising at least one flexographic printing unit 17, a die-cutter module 18, a bundle stacker 20 and palletizer-breaker module 22. A main operator interface 11 may also be provided in the proximity of the converting machine 10.

Before the palletizer and breaker module 22, the sheet substrate 1 may be in the form of an intermediate blank provided with a plurality of side by-side arranged flat- packed boxes 1 ”. Figure 1 b illustrates the shape of an intermediate blank obtained before the palletizer-breaker module 22. A plurality of crease lines 2 and cut lines 4 are provided on the surface of the intermediate blank. In order to separate a first blank from a second blank, perforation lines 3 may be provided and can be ruptured in the palletizer-breaker module 22.

Paper or cardboard substrates in the form of sheets 1 are introduced into the converting machine 10 by the feeder 14, which feeds the sheets 1 one by one at a predefined spacing into the converting machine 10. To enable a continuous supply of sheets 1 , a stack of sheets is placed in the feeder 14.

A flexographic printing module 16 may be arranged after the feeder module 14 and is configured to print on one side of the sheet 1. Typically, and in converting machines presently on the market, the sheet 1 is printed on the side which will make the outside of the box.

As best seen in figure 3, the flexographic printing module 16 may comprise at least one flexographic printing unit 17. Preferably, the flexographic printing module 16 comprises a plurality of flexographic printing units 17a, 17b to17n, such as to enable printing with different colors. For instance, the flexographic printing unit 17 may use custom-made inks or use the CMYK color model to achieve color printing with cyan, magenta, yellow, and key (black) ink. The flexographic printing unit 17 comprises an external housing 24 and a structural frame 100, onto which a flexographic printing assembly 28 (as illustrated in fig. 4) is mounted.

An exemplary bottom-printing flexographic printing assembly 28 for a flexographic printing unit 17 as known in the art is illustrated in figure 4. The flexographic printing assembly 28 comprises a printing cylinder 30 having an attachment bracket 38 onto which a printing plate 31 can be mounted. The printing plate 31 is provided with a printing die which has been configured for printing a specific motif on the sheet 1 . An anilox cylinder 34 is arranged in the proximity of the printing cylinder 30 and is configured to adsorb and transfer ink from a liquid supply device (such as a doctor blade chamber 36) to the printing plate 31 .

An anvil 32 (also referred to as counter-cylinder) is arranged next to the printing cylinder 30 and is configured to back/press the sheet 1 against the printing cylinder 30 and to ensure that the motif is being transferred onto the sheet 1 . As best seen in figures 2 and 5, the converting machine 10 further comprises a conveying system configured to transport the sheet 1 along a transportation path P through the converting machine 10 in the direction of conveyance D. The direction of conveyance D is defined from the inlet to the outlet of the converting machine 10. Hence, the transportation path P may extend from the feeder module 14 towards the die-cutter module 18 and further to a delivery table. The conveying system comprises drive elements such as endless belt conveyors and rollers to convey the sheet 1 through the converting machine 10. The conveying system may comprise a plurality separate transportation segments, which are referred to as transfers 40. In particular, the transfers 40 comprise a series of transfer units 66, 68 located in the flexographic printing units 17, 17’. The transfer units 66, 68 may be in the form of vacuum transfer units 66, 68. The conveying system further comprises vacuum transfer units arranged in-between different workstations.

The transfers 40 comprise drive elements 42, such as drive rollers 42 and a plurality of suction apertures 46 provided around the drive rollers 42. The suction apertures 46 are configured to hold the sheet 1 firmly against the drive rollers 42. Alternatively, instead of drive rollers 42, conveyor belts can be used.

The transfers 40 further comprise a transportation surface 50, which may be a smooth metallic surface. The drive rollers 42 are located on the side opposite to the side of the printing cylinder 30. This enables the drive rollers 42 to transport the sheet 1 on the “dry side”, which is thus opposite of the side that is currently being printed by the printing plate 31. Consequently, when the sheet 1 is to be printed on both a bottom side S2 and a top side S1 , the side of conveyance of the sheet 1 needs to be changed in the converting machine 10.

Now referring to figure 6, which shows a cross-sectional view of a printing module 16 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated, the printing module 16 may be in the form of a flexographic printing module 16.

The flexographic printing module 16 comprises a first flexographic printing section 16a and a second flexographic printing section 16b.

The first flexographic printing section 16a comprises at least one flexographic printing unit 17 in the configuration of a top printing arrangement. The second flexographic printing section 16b comprises at least one flexographic printing unit 17’ in the configuration of a bottom printing arrangement.

The first flexographic printing section 16a is thus configured to print on an upper side S1 of the sheet 1 and the second flexographic printing section 16b configured to print on a bottom side S2 of the sheet 1. The upper side S1 may in this case represent the inside of the box and the bottom side S2 of the sheet may represent the outside of the box.

The first flexographic printing section 16a may comprise one or a plurality of flexographic printing units 17, for instance four 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d to enable the use of different inks. Similarly, the second flexographic printing section 16b may also comprise one or a plurality of flexographic printing units 17’.

An inversion transfer module 60 is arranged between the last flexographic printing unit 17 of the first flexographic printing section 16a and the first flexographic printing unit 17’ of the second flexographic printing section 16b.

For double-sided printing, the conveying system comprises a first group of transfers 40 configured to contact and transport the sheet 1 on a top side S1 of the sheet 1 and a second group of transfers 40 configured to transport the sheet 1 on a bottom side S2 of the sheet 1. The flexographic printing module 16 comprises both these two groups of transfers 40 in order to transport the sheet 1 on the side opposite of the side that is being printed. To this effect, the first group of transfers comprises a first transfer unit 66 in a first flexographic printing unit 17, and is configured to contact and transport the sheet 1 on the bottom side S2 of the sheet 1. Similarly, the second flexographic printing unit 17’ comprises a second transfer unit 68 configured to transport the sheet 1 on the top side S1 of the sheet 1 . The transfer units 66, 68 are typically vacuum transfer units and are configured to make the sheet 1 adhere to the drive rollers 42.

Even if the present invention is described and illustrated with a top printing unit 17 arranged before a bottom printing unit 17’, it is also possible to configure the converting machine 10 with the bottom printing unit 17’ arranged before the top printing unit 17 in the direction of conveyance D. In such a case, the illustrated inversion transfer module 60 is arranged in a reversed/mirrored way. However, to arrange a top printing section 16a before a bottom printing section 16b may provide a better precision at the die-cutting module 18. As the sheet 1 is adhered and conveyed on its top surface S1 when it arrives at the die-cutting module 18, it can also be positioned closer to a top-mounted rotary die-cutting tool. This may provide a better transfer and a more accurate position of the sheet 1 at the die-cutting module 18.

Alternatively, in a non-illustrated embodiment, the printing module 16 may be in the form of an offset printing module. The offset printing module may have a first printing unit configured to print on the top side S1 of the sheet 1 and a second printing unit configured to print on a bottom side S2 of the sheet 1 .

In another embodiment, the printing module 16 may comprise a first printing unit in the form of an inkjet printing unit configured to print on a top side S1 of the sheet 1 and a flexographic printing unit configured to print on a bottom side S2 of the sheet 1 .

The inversion transfer module 60 comprises a bottom inversion vacuum transfer 62 configured to contact the bottom side S2 of the sheet 1 and a top inversion vacuum transfer 64 configured to contact the top side S1 of the sheet 1 . The bottom inversion vacuum transfer 62 and the top inversion vacuum transfer 64 of the inversion transfer module 60 enable a change of the side of conveyance of the sheet 1. The inversion transfer module 60 thus changes the side of adherence of the sheet 1 from an upstream-located transfer unit 66 of the first printing section 16a to a downstream-located transfer 68 of the second printing section 16b. In the illustrated embodiment, the bottom inversion vacuum transfer 62 is configured as an inlet vacuum transfer and the top inversion vacuum transfer 64 is configured as an outlet vacuum transfer in the direction of conveyance D.

As illustrated in figures 7a and 7b, the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 and the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64 are mounted on a structural frame 70. The vertical distance d2 between inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 and outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64 in the inversion transfer module 60 is selected such that a typical maximum thickness of a sheet 1 can pass through the clearance between the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 and the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64. Typically, the distance d2 of this clearance may be about 10 mm, which corresponds to a common maximum cardboard thickness. As illustrated in figures 7a, 7b, 8a and 8b, the inversion transfer module 60 may further comprise at least one locking mechanism 71 for mechanically connecting the inversion transfer module 60 to the closest upstream-located flexographic printing unit 17. The locking mechanism 71 comprises a movable locking part 72 attached to a lever 73 and a piston actuator 74. The locking part 72 is positioned on a first extremity 73a of the lever 73, while the second extremity of the lever 73b is fixedly but rotatably mounted in the housing 61 of the inversion transfer module 60 and defines a rotation axis A of the lever 73. The piston actuator 74 is connected to the first extremity 73a of the lever 73. The piston actuator 74 can be actuated such that the locking part 72 arranged on the first extremity 73a is moved in a circular path and in the vertical direction. The structural frame 100 of the printing unit 17 comprises a corresponding mating geometry to the locking part 72 such that a lock between the inversion transfer module 60 and the structural frame 100 of the printing unit 17 can be achieved.

The piston-actuated lever 73 thus enables the structural frames 70, 100 or the housings 61 , 19 of the inversion transfer module 60 and the printing unit 17 to be forced into contact against each other. Hence, the piston actuator 74 can be actuated until a stop has been sensed and thus indicating that the housings 61 , 19 are in contact with each other.

In order to achieve a uniform connection, the inversion transfer module 60 may comprise two locking mechanisms 71 located on each of the lateral sides of the inversion transfer module 60.

In a non-illustrated embodiment, a similar locking mechanism 71 can be located on the downstream side of the inversion transfer module 60 and actuated in order to lock the inversion transfer module 60 to the closest downstream-located flexographic printing unit 17’ of the second flexographic printing section 16b. This locking mechanism can advantageously be used if the closest flexographic printing unit 17’ located downstream of the inversion transfer module 60 is mobile (i.e., displaceable on a floor).

The locking mechanism 71 makes it possible to uncouple the inversion transfer module 60 from the flexographic printing unit 17, 17’. If the flexographic printing unit 17, 17 is mobile (i.e., displaceable on a floor), it can be moved after the uncoupling (in the direction of conveyance D) away from the inversion transfer module 60 or from an adjacent flexographic printing unit 17. If the inversion transfer module 60 is mobile, it may also be displaced. Such an operation can be needed in order to gain access to the printing plate 31 on the flexographic printing cylinder 30, or for a general service intervention.

As seen in figure 6, the converting machine 10 may comprise a mobile part 20a and a fixed part 20b, and the inversion transfer module 60 can be arranged as a transition element between the mobile part 20a and the fixed part 20b. The mobile part 20a can be configured to include the modules from the feeder 14 to the last flexographic printing unit 17 in the first flexographic printing section 16a. The fixed part 20b can be configured to include the inversion transfer module 60 and the flexographic printing units 17’ in the second flexographic printing section 16b. The modules of the mobile part 20a may have rollers or wheels 13 for displacement on a floor. Alternatively, instead of wheels, the modules in the mobile part 20a may be slidably mounted on the floor by a slide rail connection. Optionally, the inversion transfer module 60 may be provided with wheels 13 for displacement on a floor.

The inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 and the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64 are connected to at least one vacuum source 76a, 76b via vacuum ducts 33. In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 may be connected to a first vacuum generator 76a and the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64 may be connected to a second vacuum generator 76b. Alternatively, a single vacuum generator and at least one valve can be used in order to distribute and modulate the vacuum suction force between the inlet and outlet inversion vacuum transfers 62, 64.

The vacuum generators 76a, 76b can be configured to provide a variable vacuum force. In particular, the converting machine 10 may be configured to receive different settings such that the vacuum force and the area of the vacuum force can be modified. The settings can be modified depending on the dimensions (i.e. sheet area), weight and surface quality of the sheets 1 . As regards to the surface quality, typically a smooth surface will adhere stronger to the vacuum apertures 46 than a rugged surface. The vacuum generators 76a, 76b or generator 76 may provide the variable vacuum force in response to a variable rpm setting.

As best seen in figures 10 and 1 1 , a housing 61 of an upper inversion vacuum transfer 64 may comprise separate suction compartments 80, 82, 84 which are connected to a vacuum generator 76b. Internal walls 86, 88 extending in the direction of conveyance D are arranged such that a centrally arranged suction compartment 80 is provided, and arranged in-between a first lateral suction compartment 82 and a second lateral suction compartment 84.

The central suction compartment 80 is provided with separation walls 86, 88 against the first and second lateral suction compartments 82, 84. The separation walls 86, 88 are provided as movable shutters 86, 88 and configured to provide a variable degree of opening. The shutters 86, 88 may be pivotably movable.

The shutters 86,88 control the location of the suction force. The central suction compartment 80 may be directly connected to the vacuum generator 76b. In order to distribute the negative pressure to the first and second lateral suction compartments 82, 84, the shutters 86, 88 are opened. Hence, vacuum is created in the lateral suction compartments 82 and 84 when opening the shutters 86, 88 of the central suction compartment 80.

The shutters 86, 88 enable the pressure inside the suction compartments 80, 82, 84 to be selectively modulated. When the shutters 86, 88 are closed, the suction force is concentrated to the central suction compartment 80. When the shutters 86, 88 are opened, the suction force is distributed to the lateral suction compartments 82, 84 via the central suction compartment 80.

When opening the shutters 86, 88, a pressure drop is achieved while the suction force is distributed over a larger area. For small-width sheets 1 (e.g. unfolded blanks with a width inferior to 1 meter), the suction force is preferably concentrated to the central suction compartment 80. Hence, the suction force is larger in the central suction compartment 80 than in the lateral suction compartments 86, 88. Small-width sheets 1 are obstructing fewer suction apertures than large-width sheets and thus require a higher suction force. The vacuum adherence is increased as a function of an increasing number of obstructed suction apertures. By closing the shutters 86, 88 and concentrating the vacuum suction force to the central compartment 80, a small-width sheet 1 can be better adhered to the upper inversion vacuum transfer 64. For larger widths, the suction force is applied over a larger width of the sheet 1 . The degree of opening of the shutters 86, 88 can be automatically adjusted by an actuator 87 and controlled from a peripheral control unit 65 or a central control unit 15. For instance, a pneumatic cylinder actuator 87 can be used. The control units 65, 15 can be configured to calculate and determine an optimal degree of opening of the shutters 86, 88 depending on the format and/or the weight of the sheet 1 and optionally the surface quality. The shutters 86, 88 can then be moved with the actuator 87 extending in a transverse direction in relation to the direction of conveyance D.

As illustrated in figures 7a and 7b, a housing shroud 63 of the top inversion vacuum transfer 64 and housing shroud 65 of the bottom inversion vacuum transfer 62 are preferably overlapping at a distance d. The overlapping distance d ensures a restriction to the position of the sheet 1 when it is being transferred from the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 to the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64. The distance d is selected to avoid a counteraction/interference between lower inversion vacuum transfer 62 and the upper inversion vacuum transfer 64. In the transition between the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 and the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64, the closest adjacent suction opening 26b of the outlet inversion transfer 64 is preferably offset in relation to the closest adjacent suction opening 26a of the inlet inversion transfer 62. The distance d can thus be selected (i.e., dimensioned) so that in the direction of conveyance D, a first upper suction opening 26b of the upper inversion vacuum transfer 64 is offset in relation to the last lower suction opening 26a of the lower inversion vacuum transfer 62.

The inversion transfer module 60 may be configured to change the side of adherence on the sheet 1 when the sheet 1 is not in contact with any printing cylinders 30. To this effect, the inversion transfer module 60 may be provided with an inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 that is of equal or greater length to the length of the sheet 1 . This enables the sheet 1 to only start transitioning to a different side of adherence once the sheet 1 is no longer in contact with the upstream-located printing cylinder 30. Hence, sheets 1 of a certain length will change the side of traction when not in contact with any printing cylinders 30.

However, and in a more common embodiment, the sheets 1 are longer than the length of the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62, and the change of adherence side will take place while the sheet 1 is still present in the flexographic printing assembly 28 of the upstream-located printing unit 17.

To further control the change of adherence side, the inlet inversion vacuum-transfer 62 can be driven in unison with an adjacent vacuum transfer unit 66 of the closest upstream-located printing unit 17. The speed of the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 is equal to the speed of the vacuum transfer unit 66 of the upstream-located flexographic printing unit 17.

Similarly, the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64 can be driven in unison with the vacuum transfer unit 68 of the closest downstream-located printing unit 17’. This allows for a precise and constant speed of the sheet 1 in the inversion transfer module 60 and the adjacent flexographic printing units 17.

In another embodiment, the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 and the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64 can be connected to the same motor 79 and the speed of the inversion vacuum transfers 62, 64 is equal and is defined by a retrieved overall conveyance speed through the converting machine 10. The overall conveyance speed may be calculated and communicated by the control unit 65 in real-time.

The inversion transfer module 60 may further comprise a guiding arrangement 90 configured to control the movement of the front leading edge 9 of the sheet 1 as it transitions between the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 and the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64.

To this effect, a first deflector 91 is arranged at an angle in relation to the transportation surface 50 of the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62 and defines an entry clearance C1 and an exit clearance C2 with the inlet inversion vacuum transfer 62. The entry clearance C1 is larger than the exit clearance C2, such that a funnel-shaped entry passage to the outlet vacuum transfer 64 is provided. The first deflector 91 is configured to position the leading sheet edge 9 and to adhere the sheet 1 flat against the inlet inversion transfer 62. The adhering effect is achieved by a gradual concentration and amplification of the vacuum force down in the funnel-shaped entry passage. The first deflector 91 is also configured to position the leading front edge 9 of the sheet 1 so that it passes under the outlet vacuum transfer 64. The funnel-shaped first deflector 91 may also prevent the presence of overlapping sheets 1 by restricting the exit clearance C2, such that only one sheet 1 can pass at a time.

A second horizontally arranged deflector 92 is arranged downstream of the first deflector 91 and defines an entry clearance C3 and an exit clearance C4 with a transportation surface 50 of the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64. The entry C3 and exit clearances C4 may be equal. The second deflector 92 may be arranged parallel to the outlet inversion vacuum transfer 64.

Hence, the second deflector 92 is configured to restrict the sheet substrate 1 at a desired distance C3,C4 under the upper vacuum transfer 64 such that it is adhered and driven by the outlet inversion transfer 64. This distance C3, C4 ensures that the sheet 1 is lifted and adhered to the upper inversion vacuum transfer 64 in a controlled and restricted manner.

Without the second deflector 92, there may be a risk that the front edge of the sheet 1 does not adhere to the upper inversion vacuum transfer 64 and “dives down”. This will result in that the full sheet falls down vertically.

When printing on the top surface S1 of the sheets 1 , a flexographic printing assembly 28 needs to be arranged differently from when the printing is effectuated on the bottom side S2 of the sheet 1 . The printing cylinder 30 and doctor blade chamber 36 need to be arranged on the top when printing on the top surface S1 of the sheets 1. However, this sometimes makes it difficult to access the printing cylinder 30 to change the printing plate 31 .

Now referring to figures 12a and 12b, which illustrate a flexographic printing unit 17 configured to print the sheet substrate 1 on a top side S1 thereof. As illustrated in figures 12a and 12b, the flexographic printing unit 17 comprises a flexographic printing assembly 28 and a flexographic transfer unit 66 connected to a vacuum duct 33. The flexographic transfer unit 66 may be configured similar to the transfer unit 40 illustrated in figure 5, whereby drive elements 42 such as rollers 42 are driving the sheet 1 forward in the direction of conveyance D, while vacuum apertures 46 around the rollers 42 adhere the sheet 1 by aspiration to the drive elements 42 and participates in keeping the sheet 1 flat.

The flexographic printing assembly 28 comprises a printing cylinder 30, a countercylinder 32, an anilox cylinder 34 and a doctor blade chamber 36. As the flexographic printing assembly 28 is configured for top printing, the printing cylinder 30 and the doctor blade chamber 36 are located at the upper part of the flexographic printing unit 17, above the counter cylinder 32.

The flexographic printing unit 17 further comprises a structural frame 100, onto which the printing assembly 28 is mounted. As best seen in figures 13a and 13b, the structural frame 100 comprises a fixed frame portion 102 and a movable frame portion 104. Some components of the flexographic printing assembly 28 are connected to the movable frame portion 104 and are forming a cassette 35, which is vertically movable in relation to the fixed frame component 102.

The movable frame portion 104 comprises a first side bracket 108a and a second side bracket 108b. As best seen in figures 14 and 15, the first side bracket 108a and the second side bracket 108b are connected by a plurality of transverse and elongated frame components 110. The transverse frame components 110 stabilize the side brackets 108a, 108b in order to improve the rigidity of the cassette 35.

The flexographic printing assembly 28 includes a printing cylinder 30, an anilox cylinder, a counter cylinder 32 and a doctor blade chamber 36. The printing cylinder is arranged vertically above the counter cylinder 32 and configured to print on a top side S1 of a sheet 1. The printing cylinder 30, the anilox cylinder 34 and the doctor blade chamber 36 are attached to the movable frame portion 104 and the counter cylinder 32 is attached to the fixed frame portion 102.

The first side bracket 108a and the second side bracket 108b comprise openings 107a, 107b, configured to receive ends of the printing cylinder 30 and anilox cylinder 34. The counter-cylinder 32 is mounted to the fixed frame portion 102, in an opening 107c. Intermediate parts, such as rolling bearings can be mounted in the openings and attach to shafts of the printing cylinder 30, counter cylinder 32 and anilox cylinder 34.

The fixed frame 102 portion comprises a first side frame portion 109a and second side frame portion 109b. The first side bracket 108a and the second side bracket 108b are slidably connected to the first 109a and second side frame portion 109b, respectively.

In order to provide a sliding connection, a guide rail 112 and sliding block 114 can be provided between the movable frame portion 104 and the fixed frame portion 102 to form the sliding connection. As illustrated in the figure 15, a first and second sliding block 1 14a, 1 14b can be connected to the first and second side brackets 108a, 108b, respectively. The sliding blocks 114a, 114b may comprise ball bearings arranged in a line to constitute a contact surface to guide rails 1 12a, 112b located on the fixed frame portion 102. A first guide rail 112a and second guide rail 112b may thus be arranged on the first and second side frame portions 109a, 109b of the fixed frame portion, respectively.

Preferably, a plurality of sliding blocks 114 can be attached to the side brackets 108a, 108b of the cassette 35. This enables a linear and guided movement of both the first and second side brackets 108a, 108b. In the illustrated embodiment, one sliding block 1 14a, 1 14b is provided on each side bracket 108a, 108b. This also further distributes and stabilizes the guidance of the movable frame portion 104. The sliding blocks 114a, 114b may be removably attached to the first and second side brackets 108a, 108b. For instance, removable fasteners, such as bolts or screws can be used for attaching the sliding blocks 1 14 to the first and second side brackets 108a, 108b. It is also possible to provide a plurality sliding blocks 114a, 114b to each vertical side of the brackets 108a, 108b; for instance one upper and one lower sliding block 114 on each side bracket 108a, 108b.

A displacement mechanism 120 is connected to the side brackets 108a, 108b and to the fixed frame portion 102. The displacement mechanism 120 comprises a motor 122, a first actuator 124a and a second actuator 124b.

In the illustrated embodiment, the actuators 124a, 124b are mechanical actuators. The mechanical actuators 124a, 124b are configured to convert a rotary displacement movement from the motor 122 into a linear displacement and thus displace the movable frame portion 104 in a vertical direction and in relation to the fixed frame portion 102.

As illustrated in figures 13 to 15, the first and second actuators 124a, 124b comprise vertical drive shafts 126a, 126b operationally connected to the motor 122, and first and second converters 128a, 128b configured to translate a rotating movement into a linear displacement.

Each of the converters 128a, 128b preferably comprises a bearing 129a, 129b having a threaded portion and a rotating shaft 130a, 130b. The rotating shafts 130a, 130b are provided with a first end 127 having a threaded portion received in the bearing 129a, 129b. The bearings 129a, 129b are preferably provided with an internal thread.

The motor 122 and the vertical drive shafts 126a, 126b transmit a rotating movement to the rotating shafts 130a, 130b, which in turn displace the bearings 129a, 129b in the vertical direction. The rotating shafts 130a, 130b can also be referred to as “rotatable shafts”. Consequently, as the bearings 129a, 129b are fixedly connected to the first and second side brackets 108a, 108b of the movable frame portion 104, the cassette 35 moves in the vertical direction in response to a change of an angular position of the rotating shafts 130a, 130b. Preferably, second ends 137 of the first rotating shaft 130a and the second rotating shaft 130b are supported by connection flanges 131 a, 131 b. The connection flanges 131 a, 131 b may serve as abutment surfaces on which the weight of the cassette 35 is supported.

As best seen in figures 14 and 15, the same motor 122 can be connected operationally to the first actuator 124a and the second actuator 124b, arranged on an opposite side from the motor 122.

To this effect, a horizontally arranged transmission shaft 132 extends horizontally under the cassette 35 and is configured to transfer torque from the motor 122 to the second actuator 124b.

A first end 132a of the transmission shaft 132 is connected to the motor 122 via an angle shaft (also referred to as an “angle diverter”) 125a. A second angle shaft 125b is located at a second end 132b of the transmission shaft 132, which connects to the second vertical drive shaft 126b. The motor 122 is thus configured to distribute the torque between the first actuator 124a and the second actuator 124b. The first and the second actuators 124a, 124b move in unison to modify the angular position of the rotating shafts 130a, 130b to change the vertical position of the cassette 35.

The present displacement mechanism 120 provides an advantage that a precise displacement to the cassette 35 can be achieved. At the same time, once the rotation of the rotating shafts 130a, 130b is stopped, the cassette 35 is maintained in a fixed position. Additionally, the angle shafts 125a, 125b may comprise a brake mechanism configured to lock the rotational movement of the vertical drive shafts 126a, 126b such that the cassette 35 cannot descend when the motor 122 is stopped.

Now referring back to figures 12a and 12b, which illustrate the vertical movement of the cassette 35 between an operating position A and a service position B. The operating position A (see figure 12a) corresponds to the printing position, and in which the printing cylinder 30 and the counter cylinder 32 are spaced apart at a distance suitable for printing the sheet 1 . In the service position B (see figure 12b), the printing cylinder 30 is further spaced apart from the counter cylinder 32 than in the printing position A.

As seen in figure 12a, the doctor blade chamber 36 is positioned in or below eyeheight of the machine operator and access to the printing cylinder 30 is limited. As illustrated in fig 12b, by moving the cassette 35 upwardly when changing the printing plate 31 , the printing cylinder 30 can be positioned in a variable position, and according to the operator preferences. Ideally, the service position is set such that the operator can replace the printing plate 31 without bending. In such a way, the operator can get full visibility and access to the printing cylinder 30.

In an embodiment, the operating position A and the service position B can be stored in a peripheral memory 67 (see fig. 2) of the flexographic printing module 16 (or in a centralized memory 27 of the converting machine 10). The operating position A is depending on the sheet thickness and the printing plate thickness and may vary between different jobs. The service position B may be adjusted based on the operator height and preferences. Preferably, the control unit 15 may retrieve the operating position A and the service position B from the memory 67 or 27 upon a command from the operator. The service position B can thus be automatically retrieved by the control unit 15 upon the receipt of a login script.

For instance, as the operator provides an input to the machine interface 1 1 to select the service position B, the control unit may automatically activate the displacement mechanism 120 such that the printing cylinder 30 is moved into the desired position. Similarly, once the printing plate 31 has been replaced, the displacement mechanism 120 may move the printing cylinder 30 to the operating position once a command on resuming operation has been received by the control unit 15. In an embodiment, the control unit 15 may automatically retrieve the settings for the service position B based on operator login data into the operator interface.

Additionally, the memory 67 or 27 may further comprise positional data defining other service positions. The positional data comprises operating information to enable the control unit 15 to actuate the motor 122 and displace the movable frame portion 104 to a plurality of predefined positions. For instance, the memory 67, 27 may further comprise positional data for an anilox changing position. The cassette 35 in the anilox changing position may preferably be located vertically lower than in the position for changing the printing plate.