CORRECTING BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION TRANSFER USING THREE BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION BLOCKS.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Normalcy and stability in the functional activity of living organisms and adaptation by the organism to newly developing situations is possible only with the stability of internal informational links within the organism, i.e., only with the informational stability of a living organism. The transfer of biological information and realization of its effects in living organisms has a complex multi-step character and includes vertical and horizontal links with a multitude of feedbacks at various stages.

Structurally, this complex multi-step biological information transfer can be subdivided into three basic levels: the generation and transfer of information; the recognition and decoding of initial information; and intracellular transformation of decoded information into a new external/outgoing signal. This information transfer is shown schematically in FIGURE 1.

The generation of initial internal information takes place both within specialized organs synthesizing and secreting these or other biologically active substances and at the final stage of activity of the majority of cells in the living organism. The difference can consist only in the strength, character, concentration, and informational value of the information being generated. The information being generated represents only the first degree messengers. In other words, the carriers of the initial internal information are the various information substances modulating the final effects that are necessary at the output of the entire information chain. The majority of biologically active substances, hormones etc. that have specific receptors in cells and target organs belong to this group of first degree messengers. Very often the place of synthesis and secretion of first degree messengers is at a

considerable distance from the place of their final realization (cells and target organs) . The most frequent (although not the only) way of transporting these substances to the cells and target organs is via the blood circulatory system. Another type of first degree messenger is the typical medicament, which due to its stereochemical structure, functions by acting upon various specific receptors in the cells and/or in target organs.

At the second level of biological information transfer is the recognition and decoding of initial information. This important element of information regulation involves the recognition of the first degree information substances and is carried out by strictly specific cell receptors. These receptors are typically located on the cell membrane (membrane receptors) or within the cells (cytosol or nuclear receptors) , and included in their structure a polymeric molecule as a carrier of biological specificity. Any biomolecule specifically joining chemical compounds (ligand, agonist, antagonist, medication etc.) on the surface or within the cell and transforming received information into the cell's biological response can serve.as a receptor. After the initial information is recognized by cellular receptors, it is processed by being decoded. Decoding of the incoming signal is possible due to conformational changes of the receptor structure and the activation of cell membrane and or intracellular decoding systems. Both decoding factors are strictly specific and are activated only after the complex of first degree messengers and cell receptors has been formed.

The effective realization of the process of this second level, as well as the regulation and stability thereof, depends to a great extent on the functional state and activity of transmembrane and intracellular conjunction agents, such as lipids, phospholipids, and other cell membrane structural components, etc.

At the third level, decoded information is transformed intracellularly into a new external/outgoing signal. This transformation of a molecular signal into a biochemical reaction

S0BST1TUIE SHEET HllE2β

consists in the synthesis of new information substances. It is important to point out that the intracellular information transfer has a more unified nature than the transfer of information at the previous two levels. More precisely, for each informational substance of the first degree and its corresponding receptor there is no specific agent responsible for the further transfer of intracellular information.

Thus, there are only a few universal ways of intracellular information transfer, which fall into one of the two following groups: extended notion of intracellular second degree messengers - signal transformation and transfer by means of cyclic nucleotides, inositol triphosphate-diacylglycerol line, Ca++ - calmodulin way, etc; or multifactor activators - translocation and intramolecular tie up of receptors with cell acceptors, temperature activation of first degree messenger-receptor complexes, ionic forces, intracellular cascade system, etc.

One can readily observe reduced diversity (but not intensity) of biological information transfer on the third level, which ensures the universal stability of the signal transfer and transformation structure on the intracellular level. All of this is expressed in the closed-system character of the intracellular information volume throughout the second degree messengers and their analogs.

Effective transformation of the decoded signal into the cell's biological response depends to a great extent on the functional activity of non-specific cell transmitters and trigger systems, particularly such as intracellular prostaglandins of various groups, i.e., PGE1&2, PGF1&2, PGA, PGB, prostacyclins, thromboxans, etc. Thus, normal functioning of intracellular information volume is ensured by the buffer concentration of intracellular prostaglandins. Intracellular information transformation and transfer leads to the activation of specific chromatin acceptor locations which initiate multiple specific effects, with transcription processes being initially modulated. The final effect of this complex chain of information transfer is

nTSHm MRE26

stimulation/suppression of DNA synthesis, i.e., the final cellular response - information transformation from first degree messengers to a new cell output signal, which consists in the synthesis (generation) of new information substances . These newly-formed information substances, in their turn, influence the type and intensity of the signal which caused their stimulation/suppression by means of a feedback mechanism.

If structurally the transfer of biological information and the realization of its effects in living organisms is expressed in terms of three levels, it physically materializes itself in the form of informational blocks as shown in FIGURE 2. It is important to point out that the transfer of biological information by blocks actually corresponds to the levels of information transfer.

The first informational block involves the formation of initial information, and includes two stages: synthesis and secretion of first degree messengers of natural origin, or introduction of artificial or non-naturally occurring substances; and the transporting of information substances to cells and target organs.

The second informational block involves the identification of information and includes two stages; strictly specific cell reception of the first degree messengers; and the decoding of a signal carried by the first degree messengers.

The third informational block involves the transformation of a molecular signal into a biochemical reaction and includes a set of intracellular transformers of decoded initial information and their transmitters into the cell final outgoing signal, which results in the synthesis of new information substances.

The informational stability of a living organism is thus affected by four factors: the intensity of influence (in terms of amount and concentration) of an entire group of antagonistically acting

first degree informational substances (the first informational block) ; the presence (in terms of amount and activity) in cells and target organs of specific receptors for certain first degree information substances that initiate intracellular processes resulting in the synthesis of genetically determined new information substances (the second informational block) ; the functional state (in terms of amount and activity) of intracellular regulating mechanisms ^' transforming the molecular signal into a biochemical reaction (the third informational block) ; and the genetic determination of the cell function.

When any of these factors are disturbed, a pathology results. Various pathologies have their basis in various stages of the biological information transfer. Thus, a common basis for therapy exists for all pathologies wherein this information transfer has been adversely affected.

Present methods of correction and/or treatment of the different pathologies (as well as skin dysfunctions) are aimed towards attempting to reconstruct the transfer of biological information both by means of interacting directly with the first degree messengers (peptides, steroids, lipids, etc.) and indirectly through the change in the activity and/or amount of the first degree information substances.

It is necessary to emphasize that such methods utilize the first degree informational substances in amounts greatly exceeding the endogenic production of these substances. For instance, prednisone, a commonly prescribed glucocorticosteroid hormone that is about 6-8 times more active that its endogenous analog hydrocortisone, is typically administered by injection in a dosage of 30 mg or orally, in a daily dosage of 12-16 mg. This is approximately equivalent to 40-60 days of the total production of the adrenal cortex gland (corticosuprarenal gland) of hydrocortisone. Taking into account the activity differential, one typical daily therapeutic dose of prednisone is similar to

the amount produced by a normally functioning gland over a period of about ten months.

Additionally, the physiological and biochemical response from "therapeutic" and physiological" dosages of bioactive substances are very different. Frequently, unusual and non-physiological effects are observed when the same bioactive substance is used in amounts exceeding the physiological level .

These current therapeutic practices are not without consequences since the administration of such amounts exceed the organism's normal endogenous production, and as a result causes the loss of the control of the organism's buffering mechanism. This results in a failure of restoration of the disrupted metabolism (disrupted transfer of biological information) . The new non- physiological regulation quickly gets out of order, thereby creating more and more disruptions in the normal biological information transfer and making the organism's informational transfer unstable.

By referring to FIGURES 1 and 2, which diagram normal biological information transfer, it can be seen to what degree present therapeutic methods of treatment are inadequate and inefficient to ensure the information stability of the organism.

A most important aspect of any therapeutic method is the delivery of the active to the target receptor or cell of the organism. The delivery system utilized must provide stability for the active therein, while still allowing the absorption/delivery thereof. To effect useful therapy it is necessary that both requirements be met by the drug delivery system. Especially in the areas of topical and parenteral administration, it is critical to efficacy to provide a delivery system which crosses the cell membrane and allows the active agent or agents to exert their effects.

SJBS lT SHEET (RDl£26)

Stratum corneum, the outer layer of skin, is a multi-cellular membrane of flattened, metabolically active cells. In living organisms, the membrane is dynamic, and the transfer or non- transfer of various agents across this membrane is an important basis of both drug and cosmetic therapy. In order to provide useful therapeutic and cosmetic formulations, it is necessary to utilize a delivery system which is both compatible with the skin, i.e., non-irritating, and which will allow and even facilitate the transfer of the active agent, whether cosmetic or therapeutic, across the skin membrane. It is additionally necessary to utilize a delivery system in which the bioactive components are physically and chemically stable, yet still available for absorption.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to therapeutic methods based on the correction of biological information transfer in organisms where various metabolic disruptions in the organism have occurred. By enabling the reconstruction of the transfer of biological information by restoration of genetically determined chain of biological information transfer by way of simultaneously acting on all levels of the multilevel information transfer, normal cell metabolism is restored.

In accordance with the present invention, restoration the natural biological information transfer is possible by means of creating natural biologically active complexes containing all the necessary information ensuring normal biological information transfer on all three levels. Thus, the informational stability of the organism is ensured by supporting all the basic elements responsible for biological information transfer.

This restoration of biological information transfer is possible by administration of the following types of natural biologically active complexes: vitamin and coenzyme biocomplexes (VCBs) ;

τ EET BEE 26)

natural bioactive complexes (NBCs) ; bioactive complexes modeling (BCMs) ; and multicomponent biologically active complexes (MBACs) .

The quantity, concentration/activity of the agents utilized in the bioactive complexes of the present invention depends upon the particular pathology under treatment, and particularly upon the particular information chain in need of support or restoration to a state of normal biological information transfer.

The efficiency and safety of the bioactive complexes of the instant invention is ensured by selection of a concentration/activity of the information agents in the biocomplexes that are completely governed by the live organism buffering principle. This principle or mechanism functions by the principle of reserving information capacity and ensures that the extra quantity of informational substances in the organism will be eliminated by the buffering ability of the organism.

The present invention also provides therapeutic methods for the restoration of normal cell metabolism in patients in need of such treatment are provided which utilize multi-component biologically active complexes. These multi-component biologically active complexes can be utilized in the treatment of a wide variety of pathologies which have their origin in the disruption of normal biological information transfer thus resulting in a consequent alteration in cell metabolism. Specific complexes, which can be utilized to topically treat various conditions of both normal and diseased skin such as chapping (dry skin) , oily skin, cellulite, atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis, psoriasis, acne, comedones, seborrhea, eczema, neurodermatitis, macular atrophies, skin aplasias, hyperkeratinizations, and alopecia, are provided. Also provided are parenterally administrable compositions suitable for administration to patients suffering from trauma or shock. These bioactive complexes are formulated in a natural delivery system which enhances the absorption of the bioactive complex into the

SUBSTΠUTE SHEET Hl

cell, thereby providing a useful therapeutic tool for both cosmetic and medicinal applications.

The novel natural delivery system of the present invention (also referred to herein as a substitute cell membrane) is thus not only useful as a topical and parenteral vehicle for the aforementioned bioactive complexes, but may also be used as a vehicle for topical application of other skin treating agents, including such pharmaceutical compounds as steroids, anti- microbials, proteins, peptides, anti-inflammatory agents, sunscreens, etc., and as a vehicle for parenteral administration of similar therapeutic agents so administered.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

It is thus an object of the invention to provide therapeutic methods based on the correction of biological information transfer in organisms where various metabolic disruptions in the organism have occurred using various types of bioactive complexes in a novel delivery system to restore normal cell metabolism.

It is further an object of the present invention to provides therapeutic methods based on the correction of various metabolic disruptions in the organism (during various pathologies) by means of creating specific bioactive complexes with or without the substitute cell membrane delivery system of the present invention.

It is further and object of the present invention to provide compositions useful in the treatment of various ailments of both normal and diseased skin and scalp, using bioactive complexes in a novel delivery system.

It is further an object of the invention to provide therapeutic and cosmetic methods of treating various conditions of normal skin and scalp, such as dry and oily conditions.

HJBSTTfUTE SHEET RlHf 26

It is a still further object of the present invention to provide therapeutic and cosmetic methods of treating various conditions of diseased skin and scalp.

It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide novel delivery systems suitable as topical and parenteral carriers for the bioactive agents and complexes thereof.

It is a still further object of the present invention to provide compositions for parenteral administration, useful in the treatment of trauma or shock.

It is yet a still further object of the present invention to provide novel delivery systems for the delivery of therapeutic and cosmetic agents useful in the treatment of both normal and diseased skin and scalp.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGURE 1 is a diagram illustrating the general principle of information regulation in live organisms (informational levels) .

FIGURE 2 is a diagram illustrating the structure of biological information transfer (informational blocks) .

FIGURE 3 is a diagram illustrating the structure of multi- component biologically active complexes.

FIGURE 4 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on arterial tension.

FIGURE 5 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on basic peripheral resistance.

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SOBSTTfUTE SHEET ROLE 26

FIGURE 6 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on isometric contraction (IC) .

FIGURE 7 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on integral local microcirculation.

FIGURE 8 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on α2 receptors activity.

FIGURE 9 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on β2 receptors activity.

FIGURE 10 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on glucocorticosteroid receptors activity.

FIGURE 11 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on prostaglandin-receptor activity.

FIGURE 12 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on prostaglandin D (PGD) .

11

FIGURE 13 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) .

FIGURE 14 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on prostaglandin E (PGE) .

FIGURE 15 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on calmodulin (Phosphodiesterase 3' 5 '-cyclic nucleotide activator) .

FIGURE 16 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on 3 ' 5 ' -AMP (Cyclic 3 ' 5 ' -adenosine monophosphate) .

FIGURE 17 is a graph showing the results of the effects of a composition of the instant invention versus the effect of standard treatment in anesthetized dogs post trauma on 3'5'-GMP (Cyclic 3 ' 5 ' -guanosine monophosphate) .

FIGURE 18 is a graph showing the relative amounts of the α2 and β2 adrenoreceptors after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

FIGURE 19 is a graph showing the relative amounts of integral local microcirculation after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

FIGURE 20 is a graph showing the relative amounts of estrogen receptors activity after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

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SOBSTΠUTE SHEE

FIGURE 21 is a graph showing the relative amounts of growth factor receptors activity after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

FIGURE 22 is a graph showing the relative amounts of aldersterone receptors activity (water retention ability) after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

FIGURE 23 is a graph showing the relative amounts of glucocorticosteroid receptors activity after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

FIGURE 24 is a graph showing the relative amounts of prostaglandin F2α activity after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

FIGURE 25 is a graph showing the relative amounts of prostaglandin E activity after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

FIGURE 26 is a graph showing the relative amounts of prostaglandin A activity after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

FIGURE 27 is a graph showing the relative amounts of calmodulin (phosphodiesterase 3 '5 '-cyclic nucleotide activator) activity after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

FIGURE 28 is a graph showing the relative amounts of 3'5'- AMP (Cyclic 3 ' 5 ' -adenosine monophosphate) activity after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

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SCBST /TE

FIGURE 29 is a graph showing the relative amounts of 3 ' 5 ' -GMP (Cyclic 3 ' 5 ' -guanosine monophosphate) activity after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

FIGURE 30 is a graph showing the relative amounts of 3'5'- AMP/3'5'-GMP activity after topical administration of a biocomplex of the instant invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention thus concerns a method of correcting biological information transfer in a patient in need of such therapy which comprises administration to said patient a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a biocomplex comprising at least one bioactive agent from each of the three informational blocks of biological information transfer, each agent being present in an amount sufficient to correct the biological information transfer of the patient under treatment and resulting in the resumption of normal cell metabolism, said amount being less than the buffering amount of said agent; together with a carrier therefor.

The compositions of the present invention comprise at least one bioactive agent from each of the three informational blocks of biological information transfer, each agent being present in an amount sufficient to correct the biological information transfer of the patient under treatment and resulting in the resumption of normal cell metabolism, said amount being less than the buffering amount of said agent; together with a biologically acceptable carrier therefor. These informational blocks, complexes, agents and their relationship are shown in the diagram of FIGURE 3.

The amount and concentration of the bioactive agents in the compositions of the present invention is critical to the instant invention. The amount of each bioactive agent is generally of the same order of magnitude as the amount of the bioactive agent

14

found in naturally occurring organisms. This amount is chosen so as to not exceed the "buffering mechanism" of the organism. For the purposes of this invention, an amount which does not exceed the buffering mechanism of the organism is that amount which the organism can normally biologically eliminate from its cells.

Typically, therapeutic agents are administered in such large doses so as to overwhelm the normal biological information transfer system. The therapeutic methods of the present invention differ radically from such dosages in that the compositions utilizing the bioactive agents contain the agents in amounts which are similar to those amounts found in normal living organisms with a normal functioning biological information transfer system. Depending upon the precise therapy, the compositions of the present invention thus contain the bioactive agents in amounts ranging from about those found in such normal living organisms to about two or three times the amount found in normal living organisms.

In the case where support, preservation or mild correction of the biological information transfer disfunction is needed, the amount utilized in the composition will be within the values observed in the organism, i.e., the basal concentration will be that which is observed in a normally functioning organism with an optimum mode of biological information transfer.

In more severe pathologies where acute dysfunction of regulating system are present or particular pathological processes are present, intensive interference and/or restoration of the disrupted biological information transfer is necessary. In these cases, concentration of the bioactive agents is much higher, e.g., on the order of two to three times the amount observed in a normally functioning organism with an optimum mode of biological information transfer. However, even when higher amounts of the bioactive agents are present in the compositions of the present invention, the amounts still do not exceed the buffering

15 ROLE

mechanism of the organism for the particular bioactive agent in question.

The bioactive agents utilized in the compositions of the present invention are selected after a careful analysis of the pathology under treatment. While there is a wide range of bioactive agents which can be utilized, the selection is narrowed once the particular pathology has been selected. Obviously, something of the biochemical origin of the selected pathology must be known, but once this information is known, then the bioactive agents are selected so as to provide a composition wherein at least one agent is present from each of the three informational blocks. Typically, and preferably, the composition will contain more than one agent from each of the three informational blocks.

Thus, the compositions of the present invention contain bioactive agents from each of the three informational blocks to ensure the restoration/support of normal biological information transfer, and the restoration of normal cell metabolism.

In the case where the composition of the present invention is utilized for the support, preservation or mild correction of the biological infromation transfer dysfunction, the composition can be limited to bioactive agents from the third informational block - one or more informational group of informational complexes 6 (see Scheme VI) .

Each of the information blocks consist of informational complexes, which, in turn, include informational agents grouped on the basis of their common effect mechanism on the information transfer level. Theses informational blocks, informational complexes and informational agents, and their relationship are shown diagrammatically in FIGURE 3.

The first type of these informational complexes consists of first degree information substances modulating the overall effects of the chain of information transfer. This complex consists of

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SWSTΠBTES

informational agents such as various biologically active substances and/or hormones and/or medicinal remedies, which are responsible for the transfer of information with the first information level. Typical agents are given in Scheme I below.

SCHEME I - Informational Complex #1

Complex of the first degree informational substances (first degree messengers)

Informational agents for informational complex #1

1.0 Protein-Peptide Substances

1.1 Hypothalamic releasing factor 1.2 Hypophysis hormones

Oligopeptide hormones - ACTH type: adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) ;adrenocorticotropic hormone β-lipotropin (β-lTP) oj-melatoninstimulate hormone (α-MSH)

Monomeric proteins: growth hormone (STH; KGH) prolactin Glycoprotein dimeric hormones : follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) luteinizing hormone (LN) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Neurohypophysis hormones: vasopressins oxytocin

1.3 Polypeptide hormones which regulated Ca and Pmetabolite parathyroid hormone (PTH) ;parothormone calciotonin

1.4 Angiotensins and related peptides 1.5 Oligopeptide hormones of the gastro-enteropancreatic (GEP) system (gastrointestinalpeptides) neuropeptides of the GEP system

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APUD polypeptide hormones glucagon

1.6 Polypeptide hormones of the pancreas insulin C-peptide

1.7 Oligopeptide hormones of the thymus thymozin I and II thymopoethins I and II thymosterin homeostatic glycoprotein

1.8 Opioid peptides endorphins enkephalins

1.9 Somatomedins

1.10 Additional bioactive peptides

2.0 Steroid Hormones

2.1 C21-steroids (pregnanesteroid hormones) corticosteroids glucocorticoids mineralocorticoids progestins (gestagens)

2.2 C19-steroids (androstones steroid hormones) androgens

2.3 C18-steroids (estranes steroid hormones) estrogens

2.4 C27-steroids (cholestanes steroid hormones) lα, 25-dioxy-vitamin D3 ecdizons

2.5 Additional bioactive steroids 3.0 Amino Acids Derivatives

3.1 Catecholamines dopamine norepinephrine (noradrenalin) epinephrine (adrenalin)

3.2 Thyroid hormones

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SrøSπϋTE SHEET

thyroxine (T4) triiodothyronine (T3)

3.3 Neurotransmitters

3.4 Porphyrins and bile pigments 3.5 Tryptophane derivatives melatonin 3.6 Additional bioactive amino acids derivatives

4.0 Artificial Active Substances - Drugs Majority of medications which possess stereochemical affinity with the cell/tissue structures of organism.

The second type of these information complexes consists of complexes of cellular receptors (membranes and/or cytosol and/or intranuclear) with its specific cell membrane and/or intracellular decoding systems. This complex includes informational agents responsible for the information transfer on the second informational level. Agents of this type are described in Scheme II below.

SCHEME II - Informational Complex #2 Complex of cell receptors with specific decoding agent Informational agents for informational complex #2

1.0 Specific Cell Receptors

1.1 Cell membrane receptors individual receptors for protein-peptidehormones, catecholamines 1.2 Cytoplasm (cytosol) receptors individual receptors for steroid hormones

1.3 Nuclear receptors individual receptors for thyroid hormones

1.4 Additional receptors with stereochemicalaffinity to first degree messengers

2.0 Cell Membrane Triggers

2.1 Adenyl cyclase (adenylatcyclase)

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET ROLE 26

2.2 Guanyl cyclase (guanylatcyclase)

2.3 Phosphodiesterase

2.4 Glycoproteins

2.5 Phosphatidylserin 3.0 Phosphorylate Precursors

3.1 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

3.2 Guanosine triphosphate (GTP)

3.3 Phosphatidylinositol-4-5-diphosphate (PIP2)

3.4 Various types of phosphoinositides 4.0 Additional Membrane Triggers and PhosphorylatePrecursors (Decoding Agents)

The third type of these information complexes consists of complexes of transmembrane and intracellular conjunction agents providing for nonspecific activation of signal transfer on the second informational level. This complex includes various lipids, phospholipids, and cell membrane components. These agents promote the effective realization of information transfer both on the second level and in the course of further information transfer from the second to the third informational level . Typical agents of this type are given in Scheme III below.

SCHEME III - Informational Complex #3 Complex of transmembrane and intracellular conjunction agents

Informational agents for informational complex #3

1.0 Phospholipids phosphatidylcholines (lecithins) phosphatidylethanolamines (cephalins) phosphatidylglycerols phosphatidylinositois modified phospholipids 2.0 Unsaturated Fatty Acids 3.0 Saturated Fatty Acids 4.0 Glycolipids

SUKΠTOIT SHEET (M1E 26)

4.1 Neutral glycosphingolipids

4.2 Acidic glycosphingolipids

5.0 Structural (Ground) Proteins (Peptides) 6.0 Glycosaminoglycans 6.1 Chrondriotin 4 and 6 sulfates

6.2 Keratane sulfate

6.3 Hyaluronic acid

6.4 Dermatan sulfate

6.5 Heparin 6.6 Heparin sulfate

6.7 Additional glycosoaminoglycans 7.0 Substitute Cell Membrane

Active substances composed substitute cell membrane (SCM)

The fourth type of these information complexes consists of complexes of intracellular second degree messengers and multifactor activators providing for the decoded initial information transformation into the final output cellular signal. These agents are responsible for transformation of molecular signals into the biochemical reaction of the cell. Depending on the goal and task at hand it is possible to prepare information complexes both with a very wide range of action, and conversely, with a narrowly directed activity of one or two systems of information transfer on the third level. If desired, it is possible to prepare these informational complexes with an extended range of intracellular second degree messengers and multifactor activators, which will ensure the increase of cell transformation (with a simultaneous effect exerted by informational complexes of the second type) . Agents of this type are described in Scheme IV below.

SCHEME IV - Informational Complex #4 Complex of intracellular second degree messengers and multifactor activators

Informational agents for informational complex #4

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SβSTπUTE SHEET ROLE 26

1.0 Second Degree Messengers 1.1 Cyclic nucleotides cyclic adenosine monophosphate (3 ' 5 ' -AMP) ;cyclic guanosine monophosphate (3'5'GMP) : 1.2 Diacylglycerols (DG)

1.3 Inositol triphosphate (IP3)

1.4 Calmodulin

2.0 Multifactor Activators (Multiple Activators)

2.1 Ionic forces Calcium ions (Ca+2)

2.2 Intracellular cascade system components

Protein kinase systems (protein kinase andrelated peptides)

2.3 Additional multifactor activators compounds 2.4 Nucleotide coenzymes (coenzyme A; NAD; NADP,etc.)

The fifth type of these informational complexes are complexes of intracellular transmitters and trigger system, which provide for nonspecific activation of decoded signal transformation into the biological response of the cell . Included in such complexes are the prostaglandins of various types, and/or thromboxans and/or prostacyclins. These complexes thus ensure the normal functioning of the intracellular information volume. Examples of these complexes are given in Scheme V below.

SCHEME V - Informational Complex #5 Complex of nonspecific intracellular transmitters and trigger systems Informational agents for informational complex #5

1.0 Prostaglandins

Various groups of prostaglandins 2.0 Prostacyclins 3.0 Thromboxanes 4.0 Leukotrienes

22

The sixth type of these information complexes are complexes which increase or weaken biological information transfer. These types of complexes are those which include vitamins and their coenzymes, complex structural proteins, enzymes, lipids, etc. Examples of these complexes are given below in Scheme VI .

SCHEME VI - Informational Complex #6 Complex of additional biologically active triggers Independent informational groups which represent informational complex #6

Informational complex #6 has a relative meaning because it practically includes a great many absolutely independent complexes, which can be provisionally called groups. In other words, this complex is represented not by one particular set of information agents but by a whole series of entirely independent informational complexes, each of which influences the particular links of the biological information transfer chain. Informational groups are completely independent; therefore, different groups of informational complex #6 can be simultaneously present in the structure of various informational blocks . Informational groups of the information complexes of the sixth type can be used independently for the restoration of normal cell metabolism to provide therapeutic and cosmetic methods of treating various cell dysfunctions.

1.0 Vitamins with Cofactors (Coenzymes) Group Consisting of: oil-soluble vitamins water-soluble vitamins coenzymes (cofactors) 2.0 Choline Chloride Group 3.0 Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL)

Consisting of: unsaturated fatty acids saturated fatty acids triacylglycerol with saturated fattyacids triacylglycerol with unsaturatedfatty acids

23

StlBSTπ

phospholipids cholesterol peptides 4.0 Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL) 5.0 High Density Lipoproteins (HDL)

Consisting of : unsaturated fatty acids triacylglycerol with unsaturatedfatty acids phospholipids cholesterol peptides

6.0 Lipases Group 7.0 Carbohydrates Group 8.0 Lipids Group 9.0 Additional Bioactive Groups

The bioactive components of the compositions of the instant invention can be selected from a wide variety of such agents presently utilized in the pharmaceutical, dermatological and cosmetic industry. Typically, the bioactive components are extracts of plants, herbs and botanicals, vitamins, bioactive substances such as topically active therapeutic agents, i.e., steroids, enzymes, antibiotic agents, liposo e systems, etc.

Particularly preferred bioactive components of the compositions of the instant invention are vitamin and co-enzyme biocomplexes, most preferably containing a combination of water-soluble vitamins, oil-soluble vitamins and coenzymes. Other preferred bioactive components include steroid-catecholamine biocomplexes, protein-peptide biocomplexes, amino acid derivative biocomplexes, intracellular transmitter biocomplexes, and intracellular second degree messengers biocomplexes. Depending upon the particular pathology to be treated, numerous biocomplexes can be formulated within the teachings of the present invention.

The biocomplex compositions of the instant invention can be utilized in a variety of therapeutic and cosmetic applications,

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SUBSTITUTE SHEET RULE »

and by normalizing specific cell metabolism, can stabilize extracellular matrix of skin, restore lipid membranes in the intercellular space of the horny layer, improve cutaneous elasticity, and increase oxygen utilization in the skin. Depending upon the particular components of the composition, the biocomplexes can also have anti-free radical effects, antioxidant effects, increase amino acid synthesis and aid in epidermal restructuring and skin regeneration. Use of these compositions containing the bioactive agents to maintain normal cell metabolism for extended periods of time also prevents premature aging of the skin, normalizes sebaceous gland production, normalizes lipid, carbohydrate and oxygen metabolism of the skin cells and revitalizes and provides anti-wrinkle benefits.

Similarly, when utilized in treatment of various other pathologies, the compositions of the present invention provide a superior therapeutic method when compared to standard agents typically utilized for this purpose. For example, when used to treat patients suffering from the effects of trauma an hemorrhagic shock, the compositions of the instant invention were found to be superior to conventional therapeutic methods.

Typical compositions of the instant invention which include steroid-catecholamine biocomplexes utilizable in the therapeutic methods of the present invention typically comprise hydrocortisone (cortisol, preferably water-soluble and balanced with HPBC) ; corticosterone-21-sulfate (preferably as the potassium salt) ; progesterone (preferably water-soluble and balanced with HPBC) ; β-Estradiol, (preferably water-soluble and balanced with HPBC) ; estriol-3-sulfate sodium salt; cholecalciferol sulfate (Vitamin D3 sulfate) ; epinephrine hydrochloride (adrenalin) ; arterenol hydrochloride (Noradrenalin) ; and aldosterone.

Typical compositions of the present invention which include protein-peptide biocomplexes which are utilizable in the therapeutic methods of the present invention typically comprise

25

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, fragment 1-24) ; β-lipotropin, β-Endorphin (fragment 61-91) ; somatotropin (HGH, from human pituitary) ; follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH, from human pituitary) ; luteinizing Hormone (LH, from human pituitary) ; thyrotropic Hormone (TSM, from human pituitary) ; vasopressin (arginine vasopressin) ; parathyroid hormone (fragment 1-36) ; thyrocalcitonin (calcitonin, from salmon) ; angiotensin II (human) ; glucagon (mixture of bovine & porcine) ; vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) ; gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP, human) ; and insulin (human) .

Typical prostaglandin biocomplexes for use in the compositions of the instant invention comprise prostaglandin D2, prostaglandin El, prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2o;and prostaglandin 12.

Typical intracellular transmitter biocomplexes for use in the compositions of the present invention comprise mixtures of adenosine-5-triphosphate (as the calcium salt, ATP, water- soluble) ; Guanosine-5-triphosphate Lithium Salt (GTP) ; Phosphoinositedes Sodium Salt (Purified from Bovine Brain containing: a) 15-20% phosphotidyl inositol 4, 5-diphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate; b) the remainder is a mixture of phosphatidylinositol and phosphotidylserine) ; brain extract (Type I, containing: a) 10-20% phosphatidylinosilides and 50-60% phosphatidylserines as well as several other brain lipids) ; adenosine 3 '5' -cyclic monophosphate Sodium Salt (3'5'- AMP) ; guanosine 3 '5 '-cyclic monophosphate Sodium Salt (3'5'-GMP) ; d-myo-Inositol triphosphate potassium salt (IP3, from Bovine brain containing two isomers: ~80-90% 1,4,5-Jsomer with primary 2,4,5 isomer and <0,05 mol. a. per mole inositol 1, 4, 5-triph. ) ; and phosphodiesterase 3 '5 '-cyclic nucleotide activator (Calmodulin) ; protein kinase; coenzyme A; β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (β-NAD) ; β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (β-NADP) .

26

SWSSTΠUTE SHEET (ROLE 26)

In a preferred embodiment of the instant invention, the bioactive agents of the protein-peptide biocomplex comprise by weight per 1 kg of formulated product :

2-120 ng adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, fragment 1-24) ; 1-10 μg β-lipotropin β-endorphin (fragment 61-9 _. 1) ;

1-10 μg somatotropin (HGH, from human pituitary) ;

0.01-1 μg follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH, from human pituitary) ;

0.05-0.5 μg luteinizing hormone (LH, from human pituitary) ; 0.05-0.15 μg thyrotropic hormone (TSM, from human pituitary);

0.020-1.0 μg vasopressin (arginine vasopressin) ;

0.5-2.0 μg parathyroid hormone (fragment 1-36) ;

20-120 ng vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) ; and 0.1-5 μg insulin (human) .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bioactive agents of the steroid-catecholamine biocomplex comprise by weight per 1 kg of formulated product 25-250 μg hydrocortisone;

1-30 μg corticosterone-21-sulfate;

2-10 μg progesterone;

50-500 ng β-estradiol;

100-400 ng estriol-3-sulfate sodium salt; 200-700 ng epinephrine hydrochloride;

300-900 ng arterenol hydrochloride; and

10-600 ng α-aldosterone-21-hemisuccinate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, bioactive agents of the intracellular transmitters biocomplex comprise by weight per 1 kg of formulated product :

1-50 mg adenosine-5-triphosphate (ATP)

1-30 mg guanosine-5-triphosphate (GTP)

10-100 μg phosphoinositedes containing a) 15-20% phosphotidyl inositol 4, 5-diphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4' monophosphate; b) the remainder is a mixture of phosphatidylinositol and phosphotidylserine) ;

27

MX

0.5-10 mg brain extract (Type I, containing: a) 10-20% phosphatidylinosilides and 50-60% phosphatidylserines as well as several other brain lipids) ;

1-10 mg adenosine 3 '5' -cyclic monophosphate sodium salt (3 ' 5 ' - AMP) ;

0.1-5 mg guanosine 3 '5 '-cyclic monophosphate (3'5'-GMP);

1-6 μg d-myo-Inositol triphosphate ( IP3, from bovine brain containing two isomers: ~80-90% 1,4,5-isomer with primary 2,4,5 isomer and <0,05 mol. a. per mole inositol 1,4, 5-triph. ) ; 0.01-0.25 mg protein kinase;

0.2-2.0 mg coenzy e A;

5-35 mg β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleiotide sodium salt (β-NAD) ;

1-25 mg β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (β-NADP) ; and 1-20 μg phosphodiesterase 3 '5' -cyclic nucleotide activator

(calmodulin) .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, bioactive agents of the prostaglandin biocomplex comprise by weight per 1 kg of formulated product:

1-5 μg prostaglandin D2,

1-5 μg prostaglandin El,

1-5 μg prostaglandin E2,

0.5-3 μg prostaglandin F2αrand 1-5 μg prostaglandin 12.

The novel delivery system of the present invention may be of two variations, one of which acts as a substitute cell membrane (SCM) and the other of which is referred to herein as an unloaded delivery complex (UDC) , depending upon whether or not the delivery system has incorporated the desired biocomplexes of the instant invention. Both of these types of delivery systems utilize an aqueous media in combination with a lipid component, a carbohydrate component and a protein component .

The novel delivery system of the present invention thus comprises :

28

^■ sll SHEET R0LE26

50-95% by weight of an aqueous media in combination with 1.5-25% by weight of a lipid component; 0.2-10% by weight of a carbohydrate component; and 0.01-15% by weight of a protein component.

The aqueous media of the delivery system of the present invention preferably comprises distilled water in combination with pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic grade stabilizers, cryoprotect nts, bile acids, protease inhibitors, protein stabilizers, antioxidants, and preservatives. Depending upon the particular use of the delivery system, these adjuvants are added to the distilled water in minor amounts to perform their designated purposes.

The lipid component of the delivery system of the instant invention is preferably comprised of a mixture of saturated fatty acids, triacylglycerols with saturated and/or unsaturated fatty acids, natural and/or modified phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and sterols. The percentage composition of each of these types of lipids will vary according to the particular usage of the delivery system. Preferably, in the substitute cell membrane delivery system, the lipid component will consist of about 0.5-2% by weight saturated fatty acids; 0.1-1% by weight triglycerides with saturated fatty acids; 75-95% by weight natural and/or modified phospholipids; 0.1-6% by weight sphingolipids, 0.01-5% glycolipids; and 0.1-4% by weight of sterols.

The carbohydrate component utilized in the substitute cell membrane variation of the delivery system of the instant invention is preferably comprised of a mixture of glycosoaminoglycans, glycoproteins and attachment matrix forming carbohydrates. Preferably, the carbohydrate component is from about 60-80% by weight of one or more attachment matrix forming carbohydrates; 20-40% by weight of one or more glycosoaminoglycans; and 0.01-7% by weight of one or more glycoproteins. Preferred attachment matrix forming carbohydrates

29 HE

are those such as gelatin, poly-D-lysine, protamine and DEAE- dextran. Preferred glycosoaminoglycans are those such as heparin sodium salt, chondroitin sulfate A, chondroitin sulfate B, chondroitin sulfate C and hyaluronic acid. The glycoprotein is typically glycoprotein, al-acid (orosomucoid acid) .

The protein component of either variation of the delivery system of the instant invention will likewise be composed of a mixture of one or more structural proteins, extracellular matrix proteins and cytoskeleton proteins. Preferred proteins for use in the present invention include elastin; collagen, both acid soluble and water soluble; and hydrolastin (hydrolyzed elastin) . In the substitute cell membrane variation of the delivery system of the present invention, most preferably, the protein component is at least 35-45% by weight of a collagen and at least 35-55% by weight of hydrolyzed elastin.

The compositions of the instant invention which are formulated in the substitute cell membrane variation of the delivery system of the instant invention are prepared by first mixing together the components of the aqueous media with the lipid, carbohydrate and protein components using a magnetic stirrer or other suitable homogenizer, and then utilizing a homogenizing-type device to form a microemulsion of these components with the bioactive complexes wherein the size of the resultant particles of the microemulsion are of the order of 60-150nm. This mixture is then stored for an incubation period, with low speed stirring. This is followed by centrifugation to fractionate the various particle sizes. Removal of the supernatant results in the formation of a membrane-like substance from the supernatant which contains the desired bioactive agents. This composition can be utilized directly in the treatment of patients, or can be lyophilized for an indefinite period of storage before reconstitution and use. Further specific details are described below in the "Basic Steps of Biocomplexes Preparation with and without Substitute Cell Membrane" .

30

SUSSTTfUTE SH

In the process for the preparation of the compositions of the invention in the substitute cell membrane variation delivery system, the homogenization is typically accomplished by a high shear homogenizer at about 5000-10000 rpm, but can also be achieved utilizing similar devices which achieve micron-sized subdivision of the particles. Typically, the incubation period of the process is about 40 °C, but this is dependent upon the stability of the bioactive ingredients, and can be adjusted in accordance therewith. Typical incubation times to achieve uniform particle size are in the range of 30 minutes to 3 or 4 hours, and most preferably range from 1-3 hours, but these are likewise dependent upon the particular bioactive agent utilized and the particular lipid, carbohydrate and protein components used in the formulation of the composition.

Typical centrifugation parameters are in the range of 1500 - 2000 g for periods of about 30 minutes to about 6 hours.

In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, the substitute cell membrane can be prepared as an unloaded delivery complex no active agents or with only some of the active ingredients incorporated therein. In the unloaded delivery complex variation of the compositions of the present invention, the aqueous media is added to the lipid, carbohydrate and protein components, and these are homogenized to form a uniform mixture. In such instances, the pH of the unloaded delivery complex is adjusted so as to be 3-4 pH units lower that the pH of the bioactive agents which are to be later incorporated. For example, if the pH of the bioactive agents is about 7, then the unloaded delivery complex is prepared with a pH of about 4. At a subsequent time, the thus-formed substitute cell membrane can be re-hydrated, and the bioactive agents, or additional bioactive agents added thereto. This allows large quantity preparation of the substitute cell membrane delivery system, with later incorporation of the particular desired bioactive agents. This method is suitable only in the instance where three or fewer

31

UBiH

bioactive agents are being added to the substitute cell membrane delivery system.

BASIC STEPS OF BIOCOMPLEXES PREPARATION WITH AND WITHOUT SUBSTITUTE CELL MEMBRANE: Step 1 Biocomplexes preparation Step 2 Substitute cell membrane preparation

Step 3 Incorporation of the biocomplexes into thesubstitute cell membrane

Step 4 Centrifugation

Step 5 Freeze-drying procedure

Step 6 Fine grinding procedure

Step 1 : Biocomplexes Preparation

Each biocomplex consists of specific media/medias and specific active agents.

1.1 Media preparation

Specific media must be prepared for particular active substances composition. It is possible to have multiple parts in the final biocomplex. When this is the case, it is necessary to prepare appropriate specific media for each part of the active ingredient composition, (for details, see specific biocomplex formulation) .

Take all media components and dissolve in distilled water/buffer by mixing on a magnetic stirrer or on a homogenizer.

1.2 Active substance composition preparation Weigh all active ingredients - Dissolve/disperse each active ingredient in appropriate media by mixing on a homogenizer with Ultra-Turrax type of adapter. In some instances, it is necessary to predissolve the active ingredient in a specific solvent (see examples below) . If there are separate parts of the active substances composition in the final biocomplex, prepare each part separately.

1.3 Mixing of the active substances composition

32

This specific step is necessary if there are multiple parts containing separate active substances composition in final biocomplex. Add/mix all parts with each other (specific order of adding, see in appropriate formulation) by mixing on a magnetic stirrer/homogenizer.

1.4 Biocomplex creation

The final biocomplex is created by mixing/homogenizing of the active substances composition with the media on Ultra-Turrax type of homogenizer. Specific regimen of homogenization (time, speed- RPM, vacuum) varies according to the specific components in each biocomplex formulation.

1.5 Biocomplex Storage Before the biocomplex is formulated into the delivery system or freeze-dried, it is necessary to store the biocomplex in a cool place (refrigerator) for a holding period.

Step 2: Substitute Cell Membrane Preparation (SCM) Substitute cell membrane consists of media and active ingredients (lipid, carbohydrate and protein components) . 2.1 Media preparation

Weigh all media components and dissolve in distilled water by mixing on a magnetic stirrer or on a homogenizer. 2.2 SCM components preparation

Weigh all active ingredients for the SCM. If it is necessary, predissolve appropriate compounds in specific solvent (see specific formulation of SCM) . 2.3 Final Preparation of SCM Mix all the SCM components, step-by-step, into the media by mixing with Ultra Turrax type of homogenizer. Adjust pH of SCM to appropriate level (see specific formulation of SCM) . Continue mixing (after last component has been added) on a homogenizer not more than 15-25 minutes. Specific times vary according to the particular formulation.

Step 3 : Incorporation of Biocomplex into SCM

33

Slowly add biocomplex into SCM by mixing on a homogenizer. Adjust pH to an appropriate level. Continue mixing on ultra- Turrax type of homogenizer. Specific times, rotation per minutes, vacuums and temperatures will vary according to the specific formulation.

Step 4 : Centrifugation

Centrifuge SCM-incorporated biocomplex. Specific times, gravities and temperatures of centrifuge will vary according to the specific formulation.

Step 5 : Freeze-Drying Procedure Freeze-dry final product.

Step 6 : Fine Grinding Procedure

Grind freeze-dry powder to particle size specifically indicated in formulation.

The effectiveness of various types of specific biocomplexes has been evaluated both for intravenous infusion and topical applications.

Scientific research for evaluation of the compositions containing bioactive complexes of the present invention was performed extensively and reflected the functional condition of the main regulatory system of the organism and cell metabolism.

The study included the following systems: - first degree messengers, more than 50 different types of proteins, lipids, steroids and other biologically active substances were simultaneously studied; second degree messengers, intracellular transmitters, and different types of prostaglandins; - cell membrane and cytosol receptors;

34

cardiovascular circulation, which includes the systemic, peripheral, cerebral and myocardial circulation (over 80 different parameters) .

This research was focused on two varying types of formulations. The first type of formulation was prepared for intravenous injection of specific compositions of bioactive agents (especially created for critical conditions, as described in Example 12) during the post-trauma reaction of an organism. The second type of formulation was prepared for topical application of various types of compositions of bioactive complexes with specific effects such as activation and/or depression of specific cellular function.

The results of these experiments and the details of the materials, methods and results are described below.

TESTING OF PARENTERAL FORMULATIONS

Materials and Methods

The experimental technique was developed using 20 dogs. Then the primary experiments were conducted. After the third experiment, the results were statistically processed in order to check the validity of the data obtained. If the obtained results were statistically valid, the series was considered completed. This approach to the experiments is caused by high cost of reagents used for the analyses.

The experiments were conducted on male mongrel dogs having a mass of 19-25 kg. All the experiments were carried out under local anesthesia.

After administration of a depolarizing relaxant - succinylcholine

(diacetylcholine, eistenon) , introduced intravenously with a dose of 0.8 + 1.0 mg per kilogram of mass, endotracheal intubation was conducted. Artificial pulmonary ventilation (APV) was performed with the aid of the respirators PO-6-03. The adequacy of APV was

35

StlBSTTTOTE SHEET ROLE 26

controlled by means of arterial blood pH, venous blood pH, hemoglobin saturation with oxygen (Sa02 of arteria) and by cerebral circulation parameters.

In each case, traumatization was made 60 minutes later after a dog was switched to APV (giving the experimental animal time to adapt both to APV and to the nonphysiological position on the operating table with all the above-mentioned parameters being under control. Then, various types of trauma were performed, e.g., experimental hemorrhagic shock or experimental traumatization. The aggression continued until arterial pressure was lowered by 30-50% compared to its background value down to 70-80 Torr. This method of traumatization has a number of advantages over a trauma inflicted by the standard method, since it makes it possible to control the process in order to reach a certain extreme state by varying the dose of traumatic action.

After one hour of traumatization, treatment of the animals is begun. For this purpose, two groups of treatment procedures were developed.

Standard Treatment Procedure (Control Group)

This procedure included complex therapy with most advanced drugs using in shock conditions. Complex treatment included transfusion therapy with high and low molecular weight dextrans, various types of steroids -- gluco- and mineralo-corticosteroids, vasoconstrictors, anabolitic hormones, metabolizers, etc., active drugs.

Treatment Procedure Using Compositions Containing Bioactive Agents

This procedure included only transfusion therapy with specific compositions containing bioactive agents created especially for shock pathology, as described in Example 12. A. Methods of First Degree and Second Degree MessengersStudy

The content of hormones and biologically active substance (first and second degree messengers) in the blood of experimental

36

SOBSTI

animals was estimated according to the following scheme: the background level, the initial level (an hour later after APV started) , 5 minutes after traumatization is finished, and then every hour until the end of the experiment .

All the hormones and biologically active substances in blood were examined by the radioimmunological analysis (RIA) which is characterized by a high specificity ^' , high sensibility and precision. Radiometry of the samples was evaluated on fully automated installations for radioche ical analysis "Beta-1", "Beta-2", "Gamma-1", and "Gamma-12". These installations are provided with an applications package to make all the necessary calculations of the RIA data both in the on-line and off-line regimes. The names of hormones are given in accordance with the nomenclature recommended by the International Biological Union.

Using corresponding commercial kits, the following hormones have been determined:

1. Adrenocorticoid hormone (ACTH, corticotropin) was determined using the commercial kit ACTHK-PR (CIS International, France) and

JNC-2400 (Immuno-Nuckar Corporation, USA) ;

2. Vasopressin (ADH) was determined using the kits Vasopressin RIA (Buhlman Labor, Switzerland) ;

3. Lutropin (luteinizing hormone, LH) was determined by means of the kits LH-PR (CIS, France) and RS-4124 (Radioassay System

Labor, USA) ;

4. Follitropin (follicle stimulating hormone FSH) was determined by using the kits FSHK-PR (CIS, France) and RS 4123 (Radioassay System Labor, USA) ; 5. Somatotropin (STH) was determined by using the kits HgHK (CIS, France) and CNR-722 (Cambridge Medical Diagnostics, USA) ; 6. Hydrocortisone (hydrocortisone 11, 17, 21, trihydro, 4 pregnen, 3,20-dion) was determined by the commercial kits Cortk- 125 (CIS, France) and ING-13170 (Immuno-nuclear Corporation, USA) ;

37

7. Aldosterone (11, 21-dihydroxy-4 prynal - 18 al -- 11 he iacetat) was determined by mens of the kits SB-ALDO (CIS, France) and AS-888 (Wien Laboratories, USA) ;

8. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP, 3 '5' -AMP) was determined using the commercial kits TRK-425 (Amersham, England) ,-

9. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (c-GMP; 3'5'-GMP) was determined by means of the kits TRK-500 (Amersham, England) ;

10. Renin-angiotensin system was estimated through determining the activity of plasma renin (APR) using the kits RENK (CIS, France) ;

11. Prostaglandin A(PGA) was determined using the kits CA-501 (Clinical Assay, USA) ;

12. Prostaglandin E was examined using the kits CA-501 (Clinical Assay, USA) and SG-6001 (Seragen, USA) ; 13. Prostaglandin F2α was determined by means of the kits CA- 503 (Clinical Assay, USA) and SG-6002 (Seragen, USA) .

B. Methods of Membrane and Cytosol Receptors Study

All membrane and cytosol receptors were evaluated using various types of radioisotope ligand techniques. Using corresponding isotope ligand, the following receptors activity/amount have been determined: membrane type of receptors : βl and β2 - adrenoreceptors, αl and α2 adrenoreceptors, angiotensin II receptors, prostaglandin E2 receptors, prostaglandin F2α receptors; cytosol type of receptors: glucocorticosteroid receptors, mineralo-corticosteroid receptors, estrogen receptors, androgen receptors.

C. Methods of Blood Circulation (Hemodynamic) Examination

For complex studies of blood circulation the computer system D3- 28 as well as CM1803 were used. An algorithm and application package for automatic processing of over 80 parameters of blood circulation both in the on-line and off-line systems was developed. Monitoring systems accomplished permanent control over most of the circulating parameters, and every 30 minutes

38

documentary records of all the indices under study were carried out. a) Central (systemic) hemodynamic (CH) . The following CH indices were examined: (1) arterial pressure (AP) was studied by the invasive method; (2) cardiac stroke volume (CSV) was studied by the rheographic method using the rheograph P4-02; (93) heart rate (HR) ; (4) minute blood volume (MBV) ; (5) peripheral resistance (PR) ; (6) blood volume (BV) - by the method of diluting serum albumin, labeled by 1311. The measurements were made on the autoanalyzer "volumetron" (ANS-731) ; (7) hematocrit number (Ht) ; (8) central venous pressure (CVP) .

(b) Contractile function of the myocardium was studied by the most common method in electromechanocardiography-phase analysis of ventricular systole. For this purpose polycardiographic record (PCR) was made consisting of electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram and rheogram of the aorta. The analysis of ventricular systole phases was conducted by K. Blumberg's method in V.L. Carpman' s modification (3) , taking into account variations of their deciphering. From the PCR indices were calculated: (1) phase duration of asynchronous contraction (AC) ; (2) phase duration of isometric contraction (IC); ; (3) duration of expulsion period (E) ; (4) duration of tension period (T) ,- (5) duration of common systole (Sc) ; (6) duration of electrical systole (Sc) ; (7) duration of diastole (D) ; (8) myocard tension index (MTI) ; (9) Blumberg-Muller mechanical coefficient (BMC); (10) intrasystolic index (ISI) ; (11) time of expulsion of the minute blood volume (TMBV) ; (12) rate of the left ventricle evacuation (Ve) ; (13) duration of the mechanical systole (Sm) . (c) Cerebral circulation was studied by the rheoencephalography (REG) . To this aim, needle electrodes were introduced hypodermically in bitemporal lead providing net blood flow of the cerebral cortex and subcortex. The REG data were measured by the four-channel rheograph P4-02 in channel at a frequency of 120 kHz. The differential REG was recorded simultaneously with the volumetric curve.

39

The following parameters were studied: 1. cerebral circulation index (C/CI) ; 2. volumetric rate of cerebral circulation (VRC) ; 3. volumetric pulse ration (PR%) ; 4. amplitude rate index (ARI) ; 5. filling rate of "great vessels of the organ (region) investigated - Vrapid; 6. filling rate of small vessels - Vslow; 7. tension of great vessels of the organ (region) investigate - tgr; 8. small vessels tension - tsm; 9. total vascular tension of the organ (region) studied - Vtot; 10. pulse wave transmission of time along the section heart-organ studied (PVTT) .

d) Peripheral circulation was studied by the rheovasographical method (RVG) by means of introducing needle electrodes into the distal girdle of the hind (pelvic) limb: one at the level of distal girdle of tarsal bones, the other in the metarsal region. The RVG data were measured by the 4-channel rheograph P4-02 with synchronous record of the volumetric and differential curve. The quantitative analysis of RVG was carried out similarly to the REG calculating method.

e) In addition to noninvasive methods of myocardium and peripheral circulation functions evaluation, invasion method of catheterization of the various vessels was also used: myocardium catheterization - specific catheters for catheterization of the left and right ventricles were used. Those catheters allowed monitoring of important physiological information in those ventricles and provided more detailed information about the functional condition of the myocardium; peripheral vessels catheterization - allowed monitoring of important information directly from vessels;

f) Microcirculation was evaluated by a method developed by Dr. Kalantorov based on radioisotope detection after subcutaneous injection of low dosage of radioisotopes, such as TC99 or 1131.

Standard statistical data processing was accomplished on the computers D5-28 and CM 1803-04. To estimate the validity of each parameter, deviation from the initial (100%) level as a whole in

40

SOBSTπUTE SHEET (ROLE 26)

each phase (p phases) was determined. It was calculated as a product of probabilities (P) of individual points differences in this phase since each point is an independent measurement . Changes in phases at p < 0.05 were considered valid.

Time - Invariant Methods of Posttraumatic Changes Estimations (Time Normalization Method) An important methodical problem which is associated with a great number of controversial results in literature concerning shock and extreme is due to the individual peculiarities of each organism, even in the case of inflicting ideally standardized trauma (which is rather problematic per se) . It is inevitable that the reciprocal response of the organism to trauma and the lifetime of experimental animals is different. To overcome these differences, changes of a number of indices characterizing functions of the organism (including blood circulation) in shock are made in different intervals from the start of the process. In this case within each interval average indices are calculated on the basis of values, taken from animals (or people) at various levels of the process. It should be emphasized that the number of long-term experiments decreases progressively, reducing usefulness of the information used for deriving average values . In the scientific literature, comparison is fairy often made of indices of various organism functions recorded at the same time intervals from the start of the process without taking into account the fact that in experimental animals this process can proceed at different rates, hence one group can incorporate indices recorded at different phases of the process and each of them has an inherent mechanism of development with specific external manifestations. To a large extent, it is due to the fact that a sufficient number of important parameters both in the experiment and in clinic are determined discretely rather than permanently. Just that is why the analysis of changes in parameters characterizing these or those functions in a pathologic process should be conducted not only allowing for astronomical time elapsed since the start of the process or after

41

pathogenic stimulation, but rather in its dynamics considering the severity of the general condition.

Estimation of indices in the course of permanently developing process at equal intervals has an additional disadvantage. In this case, the sharpest shifts of the indices under study may appear not recorded at all, while in the monotonous course excess information is obtained.

Therefore, in order to be able to compare the results of single experiments (in which lifetime of the experimental animals fluctuates noticeably) as well as to increase validity and substantiation of the conclusions, we have divided each experiment into periods of time as follows.

The time count of the experiment started five minutes after trauma infliction ceased. The end of time count of the experiment was the moment of ceasing cardiac activity of the experimental animal (in the group of dead animals) .

For each animal, an individual dimensionless coefficient K was calculated: K = tmax/-ti, where tmax is the time of the most prolonged experiment in this series. In our case tmax = 6 hours, 30 minutes. ti is the duration of the present experiment. (The lifetime of ten experimental animals in the group of dead animals varied from 1 hour, 20 minutes to 6 hours, 50 minutes.)

In each case, the measurement period of all the studied parameters was multiplied by this individual coefficient. Thus, in this way, each experiment was normalized. It is evident that in this case absolute time of measurement of this or that reading lost all meaning, and in all the diagrams and in discussions such normalized time of the whole experiment was taken as 100% and hence each moment of time was also expressed on percentage basis.

42

SUBSTTTIITE SHEET ROLE 26

This enabled the plotting of diagrams averaged over all the experiments. They reflected changes in all the measured parameters depending on time.

The majority of the parameters investigated have allowed us to identify three phases of the process for the parameters of the central hemodynamics, cerebral and peripheral blood flows, phase analysis of the cardia cycle and hormonal shifts .

Phase duration was (in % of all the experimental time) : tl = 28.4% (0-28.4) ; t2 = 40.7% (28.4-69.1) ; t3 = 30.9% (69.1-100) .

In view of the differences in phase duration, we calculated relative rate of changes in all the studied parameters of circulation and hormone content in each phase, since changes in any parameter by one and the same value (in different phases) can proceed at different rates.

This time normalization is substantiated if one takes into account some aspects of tanatogenesis. Any pathological factor or any aggression causes reciprocal response of the organism at all levels: from a cell to general systems of the function of the organism. If the catabolic phase of the postaggressive reaction is harmonious and adequate and function autoregulation is preserved, the action of a damaging factor does not result in the terminal state. However, too severe or too prolonged aggression, imperfect reactivity of the organism cause a harmonious and inadequate postaggressive reaction. In this case, if any function is depleted, others are disturbed inevitably and the total postaggressive reaction turns form a defense reaction into decompensated one, pathogenesis becomes tanatogenesis. At this stage of pathology, specificity of an aggression factor is not critical. Since the moment when an inharmonious general postaggressive reaction becomes lethal for the organism, the tantatogenesis mechanisms are similar in all the terminal states, but in different individuals they can proceed at different rates.

43

The "human organism is not a polyglot" as to its basic pathophysiological mechanisms. There exists a general reciprocal reaction qualitatively of the same type at any kind of a conflict between the human organism and its environment. The time normalization of the experiment has been suggested to level different rates of the process proceeding in different individuals.

This nonuniformity of developing of shock in connection with compensation mechanism and correlation between damage extent and adaptive reaction manifestation has been described in the scientific literature.

Division of the postaggressive reaction of the organism into separate phases makes it possible to consider disturbances of many circulation parameters by stages as well as a reciprocal reaction of the endocrine system in tanatogenesis.

Comparison data of using specific compositions of bioactive agents created for shock pathology, whose preparation is described in Example 12, and standard treatment procedure during post-trauma reaction of the test animals is shown in FIGURES 4- 17. These figures demonstrate the effectiveness of the compositions of the present invention as a treatment procedure in comparison with standard (control) treatment procedure currently available in the pharmaceutical industry.

Using the standard treatment procedure, the test animals had a mortality rate equal to 85-90%. However, in the treatment procedure which utilized a composition of the present invention created for shock pathology, mortality levels were reduced to 27- 32%.

By observing the FIGURES 4-17, one observes improvement not only in blood circulation parameters, but also stabilization and adequate adaptation of first degree messengers as well as second

44 ΕULE 26

degree messengers in comparison with the standard treatment procedure.

TESTING OF TOPICAL FORMULATIONS

Using specific compositions for topical application containing bioactive agents according to the present invention, the individualized reaction of cellular metabolism can be observed.

The investigation of a topical application of the various types of biocomplexes was carried out in vivo on 10, 15 and 20 kg male and female dogs. All experiments were carried out under anesthesia as described hereinabove.

The hair of the dorsal skin was cut but not shaven. The biocomplexes were spread on the skin at a rate of 5 ml per 150 cm2, and were tested by comparison with controls containing only vehicle. Tissue samples (8-10 mm stamp biopsies) were removed every thirty minutes during a five hour experimental period. Tissue samples were immediately shock-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Later, they were homogenized in polytron-type homogenizer and appropriate extraction procedures performed to evaluate the specific receptor's activity.

All membrane and cytosol receptors were evaluated using various types of radioisotopic ligand techniques as described hereinabove.

Microcirculation was examined using rheovasographic method (RCG) as well as by radioisotopic detection techniques described hereinabove.

The results from the topical testing of the various biocomplexes are graphically depicted in FIGURES 18-30. In these figures, Roman numerals (I, II, III) refer to the phase of the test process. Many intracellular active substances evaluated during this testing change their activity by phase. The horizontal axis

45

shows the passage of time of the experiment, which is standardized to 100%. The vertical axis shows the concentration of bioactive substances under evaluation. In all testing, 100% is equivalent to the normal concentration of the particular bioactive substance in a healthy functioning organism. These results demonstrate the specific effects of biocomplexes when applied topically to increase and/or decrease specific functions which are necessary to achieve the desired therapeutic and/or cosmetic results.

The utility of the bioactive complexes of the instant invention for topical application was determined by clinical testing conducted at the Institute of Experimental Morphology Academy of Science and Scientific Research Institute of Dermatology of the Georgian Ministry of Health. Twenty-five different skin diseases were studied, using a total of 3061 enrolled patients. All studies were conducted in double-blind fashion. The control group utilized 482 patients receiving conventional treatment for the particular disease under study. At the end of two years, the data was analyzed to confirm the differences in the patient populations.

Patients with oily and very oily skin Utilizing the compositions described in Examples 4 and 5, respectively, oily and very oily skin were found to revert to normal, due to a decrease in the production of skin oil. In 87% of the cases with oily skin, gland production was normalized in 1-3 months. In 91% of the cases with very oily skin, there was a significant reduction in oil production, with a reduction to oily skin within 1.5-3.5 months. Within a further 2-4 months, 63% of these patients experienced a normalization of sebaceous gland production.

Patients with dry and very dry skin Utilizing the compositions described in Examples 2 and 3 respectively, patients with dry and very dry skin experienced an increase in sebaceous gland production until it reached a normal

46

state. In 92% of the cases with dry skin, normalization occurred with 20-60 days. In 97% of cases with very dry skin, a significant increase of oil production was observed in 15-30 days, with complete normalization of sebaceous gland function observed within an additional 1.5-3.5 months.

Patients with normal skin Utilizing the formulation described in Example 1, normal skin treated maintained a normal skin metabolism and experienced a lack of premature aging.

Cellulite In 86% of cases with cellulite, the patients observed a substantial decrease of lumpy fat in the thighs, hips and buttock areas. Elasticity, tone and contraction of the skin in the cellulite areas increased in a remarkable manner when compositions of Examples 7, 15 and 17 were used simulataneously.

Total patient population 87% of the patient population reported a reduction in the size and appearance of wrinkles.

Skin diseases In patients with a recognized skin disease, efficacy was reported as follows: acne - 82% (using composition of Example 9) ; neurodermatitis - 79% (using composition of Example 11) ; ecze atous - 75% (using composition of Example 11) ; psoriasis - 76% (using composition of Example 10) ; and itches of the skin - 83% (using composition of Example 11) .

Hair and scalp diseases In patients with a recognized hair and scalp disease, efficacy was reported as follows: alopecia - 80%; and seborrhea - 86% using the compositions of Examples 6, 16 and 17 simultaneously.

EXAMPLES

47

EXAMPLES OF DELIVERY SYSTEM (SCM)

EXAMPLE A

Delivery System (Substitute Cell Membrane)

Version 1

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Distilled Water (Frozen Thawed) 20ml

EDTA-Na2 0 . Olg

Molybdic Acid Sodium Salt 0 .066g

Dithiothreitol 0 .0016g D-Trehalose 0 • ig

Sucrose 0 .305g

D-Sorbitol 1 .650g

Aprotinin; 1300KIU

Activity: 10,000KIU/ml Solution 0 .13ml

(0.0.00.22g)

Glutation 0, .04Ig

L-Ascorbic Acid; 20-200 Mesh 0. .075g

Prionex; 0. ,025ml

(10% Solids in Solution) Albumin, Bovine (BSA) 0. .025g

Ammonium Sulfate 0. .26g

Potassium Chloride 0. , 05g

Polyethylenglycol 200 2ml

Germaben HE 0. 06ml

Lipid Component :

Nonadecanoic Acid Methyl Ester 6mg Arachidic Acid 6mg

Heneicosanoic Acid Methyl Ester 4mg

Behenic Acid Img

48

Tristearin lmg

Triarachidin 2mg h-SPC (Hydrogenated Soy

Phosphatidylcholine-99% or Hydrogenated Egg Phosphatidylcholine-

99%) 250mg

Soy PC (Soy Phosphatidylcholine-90%) 500mg

PE (L-a Phosphatidylethanolamine-

Type IIS) Containing: Phospholipids- and glycolipids 15mg

PS Brain Extract, Type III:

(L-a Phosphatidylserine) lmg

PI Phosphatidylinositol; Crude, from Soybean Containing: PE and Phosph. Acid 2mg

DMPC (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidylcholine-

C:14) lO g

DMPG (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:14) 4mg DPPC (Dimalmitoyl Phosphatidyl- choline-C:16) 15mg

DPPG (Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:16) 6.5mg

DSPC (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl- choline-C:18) 12mg

DSPG (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:18) 5mg

DMPE (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidyl- ethanolamine-C:14) 2.5mg DSPE (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl- ethanolamine-C:18) 4mg

DPPE (Dipalmytoyl Phosphatidyl- ethanolamine-C:16) 3mg

Maleic Acid Hydrazide 50mg Brain Extract, Type VIII; (from

Bovine Brain - 30% Sphingolipids;

30% Cerebroside; 10% Sulfated) 15mg

49

Cerebrosides (Ceramide Galactosides) 0.8mg

Cholesterol 15mg

Ergosterol (Provitamin D2) lOmg

Carbohydrate Component :

Heparin Sodium Salt lOmg

Chondriotin Sulfate A 50mg Chondriotin Sulfate B

(Dermatan Sulfate) 0.25mg Chondroitin Sulfate C lOmg

Hyaluronic Acid 15mg

Glycoprotein, al Acid (Orosomucoid Acid) 0.2mg

Gelatin, Type B: 225 Bloom 3ml (4% Solution) Poly-D-Lysine Hydrobromide;

(M.W. 70,000-150,000 0.5mg

Protamine, Free Base 8mg

DEAE-Dextran 45mg

Protein Component:

Elastin 50mg

Collagen, Type III: Acid Soluble

(0.75mg dissolved in 0.5ml acetic acid) 0.5ml

Collagen, Water Soluble 200mg Hydrolastin (Hydrolyzed Elastin) -

10% Solution

(Mainly containing β-Elastin-low SD. 2ml

Elastin)

EXAMPLE B

Delivery System (Substitute Cell Membrane Variation Formulated for Full Vitamin and Coenzyme Biocomplex) Version 2

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

50 26

Aqueous Media Consisting Of

Distilled Water (Frozen Thawed) 18ml

EDTA-Na2 O.Olg

Molybdic Acid Sodium Salt 0.042g

Dithiothreitol 0.0008g

D-Trehalose 0.053g

Sucrose 0.156g

D-Sorbitol 0.5g

Aprotinin; 700KIU

Activity: ~6300KIU/me 0.11ml

Glutation 0.025g L-Ascorbic Acid; 20-200 Mesh 0.04g

Prionex; 0.013ml

(10% Solids in Solution)

Albumin, Bovine (BSA) 0.013g

Ammonium Sulfate 0.13g Potassium Chloride 0.025g

Polyethylenglycol 200 lml

Germaben HE 0 . 025ml

Lipid Component

Nonadecanoic Acid Methyl Ester 7 g

Arachidic Acid lOmg

Heneicosanoic Acid Methyl Ester 4mg Behenic Acid 2mg

Tristearin 2mg

Triarachidin lmg

Egg Phosphatidylcholine-99% 40mg

Soy PC (Soy Phosphatidylcholine-90%) 40mg H-SPC (Hydrogenated Soy PC) 50mg

PC Type X-E; from egg yolk - 60% 200mg

PE (L-a Phosphatidylethanolamine-

51 SHEET ROLE 26

Type IIS) Containing: Phospholipids- and glypolipids 25mg

DMPC (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidyl- choline-C:14) 5mg DMPC (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:16) 2mg

DPPC (Dimalmitoyl Phosphatidyl- choline-C:16) 6mg

DPPG (Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:16) 2mg

DSPS (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl- choline-C:18) 6mg

DSPG (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:18) lmg DPPE (Dipalmytoyl Phosphatidyl- ethanolamine-C:16) 3.5mg

Maleic Acid Hydroxide 40mg

Cerebrosides (Ceramide Galactosides) lmg

Cholesterol 15mg Ergosterol (Provitamin D2) lOmg

Carbohydrate Component :

Heparin Sodium Salt 8mg

Chondriotin Sulfate A 60mg Chondriotin Sulfate B

(Dermatan Sulfate) 0.25mg

Chondriotin Sulfate C 8mg

Hyaluronic Acid 1.4mg

Gelatin, Type B: 225 Bloom 3ml (4% Solution)

Poly-D-Lysine Hydrobromide;

(M.W. 70,000-150,000) 0.5mg

Protamine, Free Base lOmg

DEAE-Dextran 50mg

Protein Component :

Elastin 60mg

52

SI ⁾ 8SmUIE T

Collagen, Type III: Acid Soluble

(0.75mg dissolved in 0.2ml acetic 0.5ml acid)

Collagen, Water Soluble 50mg

EXAMPLE C

Delivery System (Substitute Cell Membrane) Version #3

Ingredient Amount/lkg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of :

Distilled Water 10.0ml

EDTA-Na2 0 .Olg

Molybdic Acid Sodium Salt 0 .079g

Dithiothreitol 0 .0026g D-Trehalose 0 .145g

Sucrose 0 .657g

D-Sorbitol 2 .62g

Cholic Acid Sodium Salt (Sodium Cholate) 0 .0084g

Glycocholic Acid Sodium Salt 0, .0016g Taurocholic Acid Sodium Salt 0. ■35g

Glutation 0. ,066g

L-Ascorbic Acid; 20-200 mesh 0. .118g

Aprotinin; 1300KIU

Activity: 10,000KIU/ml Solution 0. 18ml

Prionex,- 0. 039ml

(10% Solids in Solution)

Albumin, Bovine (BSA) 0. 039g

Ammonium Sulfate 0. 384g Potassium Chloride 0. 079g

Polyethylene glycol 200 4ml

53

Ger aben HE 0.035ml

Lipid Component :

Nonadecanoic Acid Methyl Ester 6mg

Arachidic Acid 6mg

Heneicosanoic Acid Methyl Ester 3mg

Behenic Acid lmg Tristearin lmg

Triarachidin 2mg

R-SPC (Hydrogenated Soy

Phosphatidylcholine-93% 750mg

Soy PC - 93% (Soy phosphatidylcholine) 750mg PE: (L-a Phosphatidylethanolamine-

Type IIS) Containing: Phospholipids- and glypolipids 15mg

PS Brain Extract, Type III:

(L-a Phosphatidylserine) lmg PI Phosphatidylinositol; Crude, from Soybean Containing: PE and Phosph.

Acid 2mg

DMPC (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidilcho- line-C:14) lOmg DMPG (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:14) 4mg

DPPC (Di almitoyl Phosphatidyl- choline-C:16) 15mg

DPPG (Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:16) 6.5mg

DSPC (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl- choline-C:18) 12mg

DSPG (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:18) 5mg DMPE (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidyl- ethanolamine-C:14) 2.5mg

DSPE (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl-

ethanolamine-C:18) 4mg DPPE (Dipalmytoyl Phosphatidyl- ethanolamine-C:16) 3mg

Maleic Acid Hydrazide 50mg Brain Extract, Type VIII; (from

Bovine Brain - 30% Sphingolipids;

30% Cerebroside; 10% Sulfated) 8mg

Cerebrosides 0.8mg

Cholesterol 15mg Ergosterol (Provitamin D2) lOmg

Carbohydrates :

Heparin Sodium Salt lOmg

1400 Units

Chondroitin Sulfate A 60mg

Chondroitin Sulfate B

(Dermatan Sulfate) 0.3mg Chondroitin Sulfate C 8mg

Hyaluronic Acid 20mg

Glycoprotein, al Acid (Orosomucoid Acid) 0.lmg

Gelatin, Type B: 225 Bloom 10ml

(2% Solution) Poly-D-Lysine Hydrobromide;

(70,000-150,000) 0.4mg

Protamine, Free Base 8mg

DEAE-Dextran 50mg

Protein Component:

Elastin 35mg

Hydrolastin (Hydrolyzed Elastin) -

10% Solution

(Mainly containing β-Elastin-low M.W. 3ml Elastin)

Collagen, Water Soluble 250mg

Collagen, Type III: Acid Soluble

55

0.15% Solution 0.5ml

Procedure

Adjust pH of the SCM up to 4

EXAMPLE D

Delivery System (Substitute Cell Membrane Formulated Without Proteins For Self-Tanning Biocomplexes)

Version 4

Ingredient Amount/l kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Distilled Water (Frozen Thawed) 18ml EDTA-Na2 O.Olg

Molybdic Acid Sodium Salt 0.064g

Dithiothreitol 0.0013g

D-Trehalose 0.081g

Sucrose 0.24g D-Sorbitol 0.6g

Aprotinin; 700KIU

Activity: 10,000KIU/ml Solution 0.07ml

Glutation 0. .026g L-Ascorbic Acid; 20-200 mesh 0, .05g

Prionex; 0. .019ml

(10% Solids in Solution)

Albumin, Bovine (BSA) 0. .019g

Ammonium Sulfate 0. .16g Potassium Chloride 0. .03g

Polyethylene glycol 200 1ml

56

Germaben HE 0 . 028ml

Bronopol 0.014g

Procedure:

1. Adjust pH of the SCM up to about 4.0.

Liquid Component :

Stearic Acid (Octadecenoic Acid)

Free Base 35mg

Nonadecanoic Acid Methyl Ester 7mg Arachidic Acid 20mg

Heneicosanoic Acid Methyl Ester 4mg

Behenic Acid 25mg

Tristearin 4mg

Triarachidin 4mg Tribehenin 0.5mg

Egg PC (Egg Phosphatidylcholine) 98% 80mg

Soy PC (Soy Phosphatidylcholine) 98% 80mg h-SPC (Hydrogenated Soy

Phosphatidylcholine - or Hydrogenated Egg Phosphatidylcholine 99% lOOmg

PC (L-a Phosphatidylcholine, Type X-E; from Egg Yolk 60% 320mg

PE (L-a Phosphatidylethanolamine-

Type IIS) Containing: Phospholipids- and glypolipids 15mg

PS Brain Extract, Type III:

(L-a Phosphatidylserine) 1.5mg

PI Phosphatidylinositol; Crude, from Soybean Containing: PE and Phosph. Acid 4mg

DMPC (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidilcho- line-C:14) 6mg

57

DMPG (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:14) 3.5mg

DPPC (Dimalmitoyl Phosphatidyl- choline-C:16) 8mg DPPG (Dipalmitoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:16) 4mg

DSPC (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl- choline-C:18) 6mg

DSPG (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl- glycerol-C:18) 3mg

DMPE (Dimuristoyl Phosphatidyl- ethanolamine-C:14) 2mg

DSPE (Distearoyl Phosphatidyl- ethanolamine-C:18) 2mg DPPE (Dipalmytoyl Phosphatidyl- ethanolamine-C:16) 2mg

Maleic Acid Hydrazide 75mg

Brain Extract, Type VIII; (from

Bovine Brain - 30% Sphingolipids; 30% Cerebroside; 10% Sulfated) 15mg

Cerebrosides (Ceramide Galactoside Bovine) 0.8mg

Cholesterol 30mg

Ergosterol (Provitamin D2) 20mg

Carbohydrate Component : Heparin Sodium Salt lOmg

1400 Units

Chondriotin Sulfate A 75mg Chondriotin Sulfate B

(Dermatan Sulfate) 0.25mg

Chondriotin Sulfate C lOmg

Hyaluronic Acid 1.25mg

Glycoprotein, al Acid (Orosomucoid Acid) 0.2mg Gelatin, Type B: 225 Bloom 3.75ml

(4% Solution) 150mg

Poly-D-Lysine Hydrobromide;

58

StlBSTπUTE SH

(70,000-150,000) 0.4mg Protamine, Free Base 8mg DEAE-Dextran 60mg

EXAMPLES OF MULTI-COMPONENT BIOLOGICALLY

ACTIVE COMPLEXES MBAC EXAMPLE 1

Multicomponent Biologically Active Complex Created for Normal Skin

Version 1

Consists of:

- Protein-peptide biocomplex for normal skin - Steroid-catecholamine biocomplex for normal skin

- Intracellular Transmitters biocomplex for all types of skin

- Prostaglandin biocomplex for all types of skin

Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Normal Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of

Phosphate Buffer Ph 7.6 5.0ml

Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.5g Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (Fragment 1-24) 50ng ^β -Lipotropin (β-Endorphin) ; (Fragment 61-91) 4μg

Somatotropin (HGH) lOmiu (from human pituitary) =5μg Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) 0.5iu (from human pituitary) =0.07/μg Luteinizing Hormone (LH) 0.5iu (from human pituitary) =0.1μg Thyrotropic Hormone (TSH) 0.5miu

59

(from human pituitary) =0.07l/μg

Vasopressin 20ng

(Arginine Vasopressin) =0.7μl

Parathyroid Hormone

(Fragment 1-36) 0.65μg

Thyrocalcitonin (Calcitonin)

(from Salmon) 20ng

Angiotensin II

Human 5ng

Glucagon

(Mixture of Bovine & Porcine) 40μg

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) 40ng

Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP)

(Human) lOOng

Insulin 16miu

(Human) =0.6666μg

Delivery system of Example A 26.14g

Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for Normal Skin

Ingredient Amount/1 kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml

Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.4g

Bioactive Agents:

Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) (water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) ⁷ 5μg

Corticosterone - 21-sulfate;

Potassium Salt 1.8μg

Progesterone

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 6μg β-Estradiol

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) lOOng

Estriol-3-Sulfate Sodium salt 70ng

60

SDBSTΠDΓE SHEET ( OLE 26)

Cholecalciferol Sulfate (Vitamin D3 sulfate ) 500μg

Epinephrine hydrochloride

(Adrenalin) 200ng Arterenol hydrochloride

(Noradrenalin) 200ng d-Aldosterone-21-Hemisuccinate 125ng Delivery system of Example A 26 . 14g

Intracellular Transmitters Biocomplex Universal For All Types of Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml

Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin l.Og

Bioactive Agents:

Adenosine-5-triphosphate Calcium Salt (ATP) (Water-Soluble) 6.25mg

Guanosine-5-triphosphate Lithium

Salt (GTP) 1.25mg

Phosphoinositedes Sodium Salt;

Purified from Bovine Brain Containing: a) 15-20% phosphotidyl inositol 4 , 5-diphosphate and phosphatidyl¬ inositol 4-monophosphate; b) the remainder is a mixture of phosphatidylinositol and phosphotidyl- serin 62.5μg

Brain Extract

(Type I)

61

Containing: a) 10-20% Phosphatidyl¬ inosilides and 50-60% phosphatidyl¬ serines as well as several other brain lipids 2.25mg Adenosine 3' 5 '-cyclic Monophosphate Sodium Salt (3'5'-AMP) (Soluble to extent of about lOOmg per ml water. pH of aqueous solution is approximately 7.0) 1.5mg Guanosine 3' 5 '-Cyclic Monophosphate Sodium Salt (3'5'-GMP) 0.5mg d-myo-Inositol Triphosphate Potassium Salt (IP3) (from Bovine brain containing two isomers: ~80-90% 1,4,5-isomer with primary 2,4,5 isomer and <0,05 mol. a. per mole inositol 1,4,5- triph. stimulate intracellular calcium mobilization 1.25μg Phosphodiesterase 3' 5' -cyclic

Nucleotide Activator(Calmodulin) Activity >40,000 Units per mg. protein 150 Units =3.75μg Delivery System of Example A 26.14 g

Prostaglandin Biocomplex - Universal For All Types of Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml

Hydroxypropy1-β-Cyc1odextrin 0.4g

62

SUftS

Bioactive Agents:

Prostaglandin D2 2μg

Prostaglandin El 2μg

Prostaglandin E2 2μg

Prostaglandin F2α 1.5μg Prostaglandin 12 Sodium Salt

(Prostacyclin) 2. Oμg

Delivery system of Example A 26.14g

EXAMPLE 2

Multi-component Biologically Active Complex especially created for Dry Skin - Version 1

Consists of:

- Protein-Peptide Biocomplex for Dry Skin - Steroid-Catecholamine Biocomplex for Dry Skin

- Intracellular Transmitters Biocomplex - Universal

- Prostaglandin Biocomplex - Universal

Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Dry Skin

Ingredient Amount l/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml

Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.5g

Bioactive Agent: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

(Fragment 1-24) HOμg ^β -Lipotropin (β-Endorphin) ;

63

(Fragment 61-91) 6μg Somatotropin (HGH) lOmiu

5mg

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone 0 . 5iu (FSH) 0 . 071 /μg

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) 0 . 5iu (from human pituitary) 0 , . lμg

Thyrotropic Hormone (TSH) 0 . 75miu

0 , . 1071/μg Vasopressin 15mg

0 . . 525μl

Parathyroid Hormone (Fragment 1-34) .Oμg

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) 60ng

Insulin 24miu

=1.0μg Delivery system of Example A 26.14g

Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for Dry Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting of:

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml

Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.4g

Bioactive Agents:

Hydrocortisone

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 75μg

Corticosterone-21-Sulfate l-8μg

Progesterone (water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 7.2μg β-Estradiol

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 50ng

64

SHEET ROLE 26

Estriol-3-Sulfate Sodium Salt 40ng Cholecalciferol Sulfate

(Vitamin D3 Sulfate) lOOOμg Epinephrine hydrochloride

(Adrenalin) 50ng Arterenol hydrochloride

(Noradrenalin) 50ng d-Aldosterone-21-Hemisuccinate 200ng Delivery system of Example A 26.14g

Intracellular Transmitters Biocomplex - Universal For All Types of Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml

Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin l.Og

Bioactive Agents:

Adenosine-5-triphosphate Calcium Salt (ATP) (Water-Soluble) 6.25mg

Guanosine-5-triphosphate Lithium

Salt (GTP) 1.25mg

Phosphoinositedes Sodium Salt;

Purified from Bovine Brain Containing: a) 15-20% phosphotidyl inositol 4, 5-diphosphate and phosphat idylinositol 4-monophosphate; b) the remainder is a mixture of phosphatidylinositol and phosphotidyl- serin 62.5μg

Brain Extract

(Type I)

65

SUBS1

Containing: a) 10-20% Phosphatidyl¬ inosilides and 50-60% phosphatidyl¬ serines as well as several other brain lipids 2.25mg Adenosine 3' 5' -cyclic Monophosphate Sodium Salt (3' 5' -AMP) (Soluble to extent of about lOOmg per ml water. pH of aqueous solution is approximately 7.0) 1.5mg Guanosine 3 ' 5 ' -Cyclic Monophosphate Sodium Salt (3'5'-GMP) 0.5mg d-myo-Inositol Triphosphate Potassium Salt (IP3) (from Bovine brain containing two isomers: ~80-90% 1,4,5-isomer with primary 2,4,5 isomer and <0,05 mol. a. per mole inositol 1,4,5- triph. stimulate intracellular calcium mobilization 1.25μg Phosphodiesterase 3' 5' -cyclic

Nucleotide Activator (Calmodulin) Activity >40,000 Units per mg. protein 150 Units =3.75μg Delivery System of Example A 26.14g

Prostaglandin Biocomplex - Universal For All Types of Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.4g

66

Bioactive Agents :

Prostaglandin D2 2μg

Prostaglandin El 2μg

Prostaglandin E2 2μg

Prostaglandin F2o; 1.5μg Prostaglandin 12 Sodium Salt

(Prostacyclin) 2. Oμg

Delivery system of Example A 26.14g

EXAMPLE 3

Multicomponent Biologically active Complexes created for Very Dry Skin Version 1

Consists of:

- Protein-peptide biocomplex for very dry skin

- Steroid-catecholamine biocomplex for very dry skin

- Intracellular Transmitters Biocomplex - universal - Prostaglandins biocomplex - universal

Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Very Dry Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Consisting Of:

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.5g

Bioactive Agents:

67

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (Fragment 1-24) 155ng β-Lipotropin (β-Endorphin) ; (Fragment 61-91) 8mg

Somatotropin (HGH) lOmiu =5mg

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone 0.5iu (FSH) =0.071/mg Luteinizing Hormone (LH) 0.5iu =0.lmg

Thyrotropic Hormone (TSH) 1. Omiu =0.1428/mg

Vasopressin 15ng =0.525ml

Parathyroid Hormone (Fragment 1-34) 1.5μg

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) 80ng Insulin 3Omiu =1.25mg

Delivery system of Example A 26.16g

Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for Very Dry Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of :

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.4g

Bioactive Agents: Hydrocortisone

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 75μg Corticosterone-21-Sulfate 1.8μg

68 TE SHEET ROLE 26

Progesterone

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 7.2μg β-Estradiol

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 30ng Estriol-3-Sulfate Sodium Salt 20μg Cholecalciferol Sulfate

(Vitamin D3 Sulfate) 1500μg Epinephrine hydrochloride

(Adrenalin) 25ng Arterenol hydrochloride

(Noradrenalin) 25ng

T-Aldosterone-21-Hemisuccinate 250ng

Delivery system of Example A 26.16g

Intracellular Transmitters Biocomplex - Universal For All Types of Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml Hydroxypropy1-β-Cyc1odextrin l.Og

Bioactive Agents : Adenosine-5-triphosphate Calcium Salt (ATP) (Water-Soluble) 6.25mg Guanosine-5-triphosphate Lithium Salt (GTP) 1.25mg

Phosphoinositedes Sodium Salt; Purified from Bovine Brain Containing: a) 15-20% phosphotidyl inositol 4, 5-diphosphate and phosphat¬ idylinositol 4-monophosphate; b) the remainder is a mixture of

69

SUBSTTΓOTE SHEET ROLE 26

phosphatidylinositol and phosphotidyl- serin 62.5μg

Brain Extract

(Type I)

Containing: a) 10-20% Phosphatidyl¬ inosilides and 50-60% phosphatidyl¬ serines as well as several other brain lipids 2.25mg

Adenosine 3 '5' -cyclic Monophosphate Sodium Salt (3 ' 5' -AMP)

(Soluble to extent of about lOOmg per ml water. pH of aqueous solution is approximately 7.0) 1.5mg

Guanosine 3 ' 5 ' -Cyclic Monophosphate Sodium Salt (3'5'-GMP) 0.5mg d-myo-Inositol Triphosphate Potassium Salt (IP3)

(from Bovine brain containing two isomers: "80-90% 1,4,5-isomer with primary 2,4,5 isomer and <0,05 mol. a. per mole inositol 1,4,5- triph. stimulate intracellular calcium mobilization 1.25μg Phosphodiesterase 3' 5 '-cyclic Nucleotide Activator (Calmodulin) Activity >40,000 Units per mg. protein 150 Units =3.75μg

Delivery System of Example A 26.14g

Prostaglandin Biocomplex - Universal For All Types of Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

70

Aqueous Media Consisting Of :

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml

Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.4g

Bioactive Agents:

Prostaglandin D2 2μg

Prostaglandin El 2μg

Prostaglandin E2 2μg Prostaglandin F2α 1.5μg Prostaglandin 12 Sodium Salt

(Prostacyclin) 2. Oμg

Delivery system of Example A 26.14g

EXAMPLE 4

Multicomponent Biologically Active Complexes for Oily Skin Version 1

Consists of:

- Protein-peptide Biocomplex for oily skin

- Steroid-catecholamine biocomplex for oily skin

- Intracellular Transmitters Biocomplex - universal

- Prostaglandin Biocomplex - universal

Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Oily Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml

71

^■

Hydroxypropyl -β-Cyclodextrin 0 . 5g

Bioactive Agents: Somatotropin (HGH) lOmiu =5μg

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone 0.4iu

(FSH) =0.057/μg

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) 0.4iu

=0.08μg Vasopressin 25ng

=0.875μl

Thyrocalcitonin (Calcitonin)

(from Salmon) 130ng Angiotensin 12ng Glucagon 150μg Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide 20ng

(VIP)

Gastric Inhibitor Peptide 375ng Lipase, Type I

(from Wheat Germ) 50mg Lipase, Type XI 10,000 Units Heparin Sodium Salt 4,000 Units

(Grade II) =28.6mg Delivery system of Example A 26.14g

Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for Oily Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of :

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml Hydroxypropy1-β-Cyclodextrin 0.4g

Bioactive Agents:

72

Hydrocortisone

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 75μg

Corticosterone-21-Sulfate 1 • 8μ?J

Progesterone

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 3μg β-Estradiol

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 200ng

Estriol-3-Sulfate Sodium salt 150ng

Epinephrine hydrochloride

(Adrenalin) 600ng

Arterenol hydrochloride

(Noradrenalin) 825ng d-Aldosterone-21-hemisuccinate 60ng

Delivery system of Example A 26.14g

Intracellular Transmitters Biocomplex - Universal For All Types of Skin

Ingredient Amount l/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml

Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin l.Og

Bioactive Agents:

Adenosine-5-triphosphate Calcium Salt (ATP) (Water-Soluble) 6.25mg

Guanosine-5-triphosphate Lithium Salt (GTP) 1.25mg

Phosphoinositedes Sodium Salt; Purified from Bovine Brain Containing: a) 15-20% phosphotidyl inositol 4 , 5-diphosphate and phosphat¬ idylinositol 4-monophosphate, ^•

SJJ8STπUTESHιΗ(RϋLE26)

b) the remainder is a mixture of phosphatidylinositol and phosphotidylserin 62.5μg

Brain Extract (Type I) Containing: a) 10-20% Phosphatidyl¬ inosilides and 50-60% phosphatidyl¬ serines as well as several other brain lipids 2.25mg

Adenosine 3 '5 '-cyclic Monophosphate

Sodium Salt (3 ' 5 ' 5-AMP) (Soluble to extent of about lOOmg per ml water. pH of aqueous solution is approximately 7.0) 1.5mg

Guanosine 3' 5 '-Cyclic Monophosphate

Sodium Salt (3'5'-GMP) 0.5mg d-myo-Inositol Triphosphate

Potassium Salt. (IP3)

(from Bovine brain containing two isomers: ~80-90% 1,4,5-isomer with primary 2,4,5 isomer and <0,05 mol. a. per mole inositol 1,4,5- triph. stimulate intracellular calcium mobilization 1.25μg

Phosphodiesterase 3 '5 '-cyclic

Nucleotide Activator (Calmodulin) Activity >40,000 Units per mg. protein 150 Units

=3.75μg

Delivery System of Example A 26.14g

Prostaglandin Biocomplex - Universal For All Types of Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

74 TE!

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5 . 0ml Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0 . 4g

Bioactive Agents: Prostaglandin D2 2μg Prostaglandin El 2μg Prostaglandin E2 2μg Prostaglandin F2α 1 . 5μg Prostaglandin 12 Sodium Salt (Prostacyclin) 2 . 0μg Delivery system of Example A 26 . 14g

EXAMPLE 5

Multicomponent Biologically Active Complexes for Very Oily Skin - Version 1

Consists of:

- Protein-peptide biocomplex for very oily skin

- Steroid-catecholamine biocomplex for very oily skin - Intracellular transmitters biocomplex - universal

- Prostaglandin biocomplex - universal

Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Very Oily Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Phosphate Buffer pH 7. 5.0ml Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.5g

Bioactive Agents:

75

Somatotropin (HGH) lOmiu

= 5/ xg

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) 0 . 4iu

= 0 . 057 /μg Luteinizing Hormone (LH) 0 . 4 iu

= 0 . 08μg Vasopressin 25ng

= 0 . 875μl

Thyrocalcitonin (Calcitonin)

(from Salmon) 160ng Angiotensin 16ng Glucagon 180μg

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) 20ng Gastric Inhibitor Peptide 425ng Lipase, Type I 80mg Lipase, Type XI 15 , 000 Units Heparin Sodium Salt 6 , 000 Units

(Grade II) =42 . 3mg Delivery system of Example A 26 . 14g

Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for Very Oily Skin

Ingredient Amount l/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of

Phosphate buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.4g

Bioactive Agents: Hydrocortisone

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 75μg Corticosterone-21-Sulfate 1.8μg Progesterone

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 2. Oμg ^β -Estradiol

76

(water-soluble; balanced with HPBC) 300ng Estriol-3-sulfate Sodium salt 200ng Epinephrine hydrochloride (Adrenalin) 750ng

Arterenol hydrochloride (Noradrenalin) 1050ng d-Aldosterone-21-hemisuccinate 60ng Delivery system of Example A 26.14g

Intracellular Transmitters Biocomplex Universal For All Types of Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml

Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin l.Og

Bioactive Agents: Adenosine-5-triphosphate Calcium Salt (ATP) (Water-Soluble) 6.25mg

Guanosine-5-triphosphate Lithium Salt (GTP) 1.25mg

Phosphoinositedes Sodium Salt; Purified from Bovine Brain Containing: a) 15-20% phosphotidyl inositol 4, 5-diphosphate and phosphat¬ idylinositol 4-monophosphate; b) the remainder is a mixture of phosphatidylinositol and phospho- tidylserin 62.5μg

Brain Extract (Type I)

77

Containing: a) 10-20% Phosphatidyl¬ inosilides and 50-60% phosphatidyl¬ serines as well as several other brain lipids 2.25mg

Adenosine 3' 5 '-cyclic Monophosphate Sodium Salt (3 '5' -AMP)

(Soluble to extent of about lOOmg per ml water. pH of aqueous solution is approximately 7.0) 1.5mg

Guanosine 3 ' 5 ' -Cyclic Monophosphate Sodium Salt (3-5' -GMP) 0.5mg d-myo-Inositol Triphosphate

Potassium Salt (IP3)

(from Bovine brain containing two isomers: ~80-90% 1,4,5-isomer with primary 2,4,5 isomer and

<0,05 mol. a. per mole inositol 1,4,5- triph. stimulate intracellular calcium mobilization 1.25μg

Phosphodiesterase 3' 5 '-cyclic Nucleotide Activator (Calmodulin)

Activity >40,000 Units per mg. protein 150 Units

=3.75μg

Delivery System of Example A 26.14g

Prostaglandin Biocomplex - Universal For All Types of Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Phosphate Buffer pH 7.6 5.0ml Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 0.4g Bioactive Agents:

Prostaglandin D2 ² 9

78

Prostaglandin El 2μg

Prostaglandin E2 2μg

Prostaglandin F2α l-5μg

Prostaglandin 12 Sodium Salt

(Prostacyclin) 2. Oμg

Delivery system of Example A 26.14g

EXAMPLE 6

MBAC for Oily Skin Version 2 (Direct Procedure)

Consisting of Four Parts:

I - Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Oily Skin

II - Steroid - Catecholamine - Vitamin Biocomplex forOily Skin

III - Intracellular Transmitters - Nucleotide Coenzymes- Prostaglandin Biocomplex for Oily Skin

IV - Delivery System (Substitute Cell Membrane) - Version #3 - see Example C

Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Oily Skin

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Phosphate Buffer, pH7.4 1.5ml

HPBC ig

Protein Peptides

h-GH (somatotropin) lOmiu = 5μg

VIP (vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide 0.02μg

GIP (Gastric Inhibitor Polypeptide) 0.375 μg

Glucagon 150μg Thyrocalcitonin; from salmon (calcitonin) 0.15μg

Arg-Vasopressin; Aqueous Solution 0.875ml

= 0.025μg

79

Htø

Angiotensin II; Human 0.012mg

Lipase, Type XI 10,000 units = 0.025mg

Lipage, Type I 50mg Heparin Sodium Salt 4,000 units = 28.6mg

Procedure

1. Step-by-step add each active substances to solvent.

2. Mix thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on a lowspeed mixer not less than 4 hours.

3. Store in a refrigerator.

Steroid - Catecholamine - Vitamin Biocomplex for Oily Skin

Part A

Aqueous media consisting of

Phosphate Buffer, pH 7.4 2.25ml

HPBC 1.5g

Steroids

Ingredient Amount lkg/cream

Hydrocortisone - Water Soluble

(Balanced in 2-HPBC) 0.75mg

Act. :0.075mg

Corticosterone-21-Sulfate Potassium Salt O.OOlβmg d-Aldosterone-21-Hemisuccinate 0.00006mg ^β -Estradiol-Water Soluble

(Balanced in 2-HPBC) 0.0044mg

Act: 0.000, 2

Estriol-3-Sulfate Sodium Salt 0.00015mg

Progesterone-Water Soluble

(Balanced in 2-HPBC) 0.043mg

Act : 0.003mg

Part B

IN HC1 0.2ml

Epinephrine Hydrochloride (Adrenalin) 0.0006mg Arterenol Hydrochloride (Norodrenlin) 0.00083mg

Part C

Ethyl Alcohol 0.75ml α-Tocopherol Acetate (Vit E) act: 1360Iu/g 30mg

Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2) act: 4xl06USp/g lmg Retinol Palmitate (Vit A) : dispersed in gelatin matrix 60mg

Procedure

1. Separately prepare Parts A, B & C by adding active substances to the appropriate solvent.

2. Add Part B to Part A by mixing on a magnetic stirrer.

3. Add Part C to mixture of Part A & B (prepared as in Step 2 ] by mixing.

4. Continue mixing on a magnetic stirrer or on a low speed mixer not less than 4 hours.

5. Store in a refrigerator.

Intracellular Transmitters - Nucleotide Coenzymes - Prostaglandin Biocomplex for Oily Skin

81

SUB

Phosphate Buffer, pH 7.4 3.75ml

HPBC 2.5g

Intracellular Transmitters

Ingredient Amount/lkg cream

ATP; Adenosine 5 ' -Triphosphate Disodium Salt 25mg

GTP; Guanosine 5 ' -Triphosphate Lithium Salt 1.5mg PI; Phosphoinositedes Sodium Salt Mixture of

15-20% PI4 and PC 0.062mg

PI; Brain Extract Type I contain: 10-20% PI & 50-60% PS 2.25mg c-AMP; Adenosine 3 '5' -Cyclic monophosph. 5mg c-GMP; Guanosine 3 ' 5 ' -Cyclic monophosph.

Sodium Salt 1.9mg

IP3; d-myo-Inositol 1,4, 5-Triphosphate Hexasodium Salt 0.005mg

Calmoduline; phosphodiesterase 3'5-Cyclic Nucleotide Activator 140 Units

=0.0035 Calmoduline; Crude 0.012mg Coenzyme A Sodium Salt 0.2mg β-NAD; β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

Sodium Salt lOmg β-NADP; β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate 2mg

Prostaglandins

PGD2; Prostaglandin D2 0.002mg

PGE1; Prostaglandin El 0.002mg PGE2; Prostaglandin E2 0.002mg

PGF2α; Prostaglandin F2α 0.0015mg

PGI2; Prostaglandin 12 (Prostacyclin) 0.002mg

82

SUBSTrrUIE

Procedure

1. Step-by-step add each active substances to solvent.

2. Mix thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer on a low speed mixer not less than 4 hours.

3. Store in a refrigerator.

EXAMPLE 7

MBAC for Dry Skin - Version 2 (Direct Procedure)

Consisting of Five Parts:

1 - Proteins - Peptide Biocomplex for Dry Skin

2 - Steroid - Vitamin Biocomplex for Dry Skin 3 - Intracellular Transmitters - Nucleotide

Coenzyme - Prostaglandin Biocomplex for Dry Skin

4 - Amino - Acids Biocomplex for Dry Skin

5 - Delivery System (Substitute Cell Membrane) -

Version 3 - see Example C

Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Dry Skin

Ingredient Amount lkg/cream

Phosphate Buffer, pH 7.4 1.5ml

HPBC 0.725mmol lg h-GH (Somatotropin) 8miu = 4μg ^β -Endorphin (β-Lipotropin) μmg

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide) 0.12mg Insulin 35miu =1.4μg PTH (Parathyroid Hormone) 0.8μg

83

Vasopressin ¹ • 75ml

= 0.05μg

Procedure:

1. Step-by-step, add each active substance to solvent.

2. Mix thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on low speed mixer not less than 4 hours.

3. Store in a refrigerator.

Steroid - Vitamin Biocomplex for Dry Skin

Part A

Solvent

Phosphate Buffer, pH 7.4 1.5ml HPBC 0.725mmol lg

Steroids

Ingredient Amount lkg/cream

Hydrocortisone - Water Soluble (Balanced in 2-HPBC) 0.75mg Act: 0.075mg

Corticosterone-21-Sulfate Potassium

Salt 0.0018mg d-Aldosterone-21-Hemisuccinate 0.0005mg β-Estradiol-Water Soluble (Balanced in 2-HPBC) 0.0033mg

Act . : 0.00015mg

Estriol-3-Sulfate Sodium Salt O.OOOlmg

84

Progesterone-Water Soluble (Balanced in 2-HPBC) Act: 0.0012 mg 0.171mg

Part B

Solvent

Ethyl Alcohol 0.25ml

Oil Soluble Vitamins

Ingredient Amount lkg/cream

Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2) Act: 4x106 USP/g 2mg

Cholecalciferol Sulfate Sodium Salt 0.6mg α-Tocopherol Acetate (Vitamin E) Act: 1360 IU/g 30mg

Procedure:

1. Separately prepare Part A and Part B by adding active substances to the appropriate solvents.

2. Add Part B to Part A slowly, by mixing on a magnetic stirrer or on low speed mixer.

3. Mix thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on a low speed mixer not less than 4 hours.

4. Store in a refrigerator.

Intracellular Transmitters - Nucleotide Coenzyme - Prostaglandin Biocomplex for Dry Skin

Phosphate Buffer, pH 7.4 3.75ml

HPBC 2.5g

ATP: Adenosine 5 ' -Triphosphate Disodium Salt 25mg

GTP; Guanosine 5 ' -Triphosphate Lithium Salt 1.5mg PI; Phosphainositides Sodium Salt mixture of 15-20% x PI4P, PI & P5 0.062mg PI; Brain Extract, Type I. containing 10-20 x PI ' s 50-60% PS 2.25mg c-AMP; Adenosine 3 '5 '-Cyclic Monophosphate

(soluble: 5mg per ml water) 4.5mg c-GMP; Guanosine 3' 5 '-Cyclic Monophosphate Sodium Salt 1.5mg

1,2-DG; 1, 2-Diacylglycerol 0. lmg IP3; d-myo-Inositol 1,4, 5-Triphosphate

Hexasodium Salt 0.005mg Calmoduline; Phosphodiesterase 3«5"-Cyclic Nucleotide Activator (from bovine brain) 140 Units

= 0.0035mg

Calmoduline; Crude; from bovine brain O.Olmg

PK; Protein Kinase; from bovine heart 0.012mg

Coenzyme A Sodium Salt 0.20mg β-NAD; β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

Sodium Salt lOmg β-NADP; β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

Phosphate 1 • 6mg

PGD2; Prostaglandin D2 0.002mg PGE1; Prostaglandin El 0.002mg PGE2; Prostaglandin E2 0.0025mg PGI2; Prostaglandin 12 (Prostacyclin) 0.0015mg

Procedure:

1. Step-by-step add each active substances to Solvent while mixing.

2. Mix thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on a low speed mixer not less than 4 hours.

3. Store in a refrigerator.

86

Amino-Acids Biocomplex for Dry Skin

Part A Distilled Water 1.5ml

HPBC ig

Amino Acids

Ingredient Amount 1kg/cream

L-Tryptophan lOOmg

L-Phenylalanine lOOmg

L-Cysteine Hydrochloride 70mg

Part B

1M HC1 0 . 7ml

L-Cystin 70τng

L-Tyrosine 80mg

Procedure :

1. Separately prepare Part A and Part B by adding of the active substances to the appropriate solvent.

2. Add Part B to Part A slowly, by mixing on a magnetic stirrer.

3. Continue mixing on a magnetic stirrer or low speed mixer not less than 4 hours.

4. Store in a refrigerator.

EXAMPLE

87 OB

MBAC for Eye Zone

Consisting of five parts:

1 - Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Eye Zone

2 - Steroid - Vitamin Biocomplex for Eye Zone

3 - Intracellular Transmitters - Nucleotide Coenzyme - Prostaglandin Biocomplex for Eye Zone

4 - Nucleic Acid Bases - Amino-Acids Biocomplexes for EyeZone 5 - Delivery System (substitute cell membrane) - version 3 - see Example C

Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Eye Zone

Ingredient Amount lkg/cream

Aqueous media comprising:

Phosphate Buffer 1.5ml

HPBC 0.725mmol lg

Ingredient Amount lkg/cream

h-GH (Somatotropin) 14miu = 7μg β-Endorphin (β-Lipotropin) 6μg VIP (Vasoactive Intestinae Polypeptide) 0.15μg

Insulin 54miu =

2.16μg

PTH (Parathyroid Hormone) l-3μg

Vasopressin 3ml = 0.086

Steroid - Vitamin Biocomplex for Eye Zone

Part A

Aqueous media consisting of:

Phosphate Buffer, pH7.4 1.8ml

HPBC 1.2g

88

SUBSTΓTUTE SHEET ROLE 26

Ingredient Amount lkg/cream

Hydrocortisone - Water Soluble (Balanced in 2-HPBC) 0.75mg

Act :0.075μg Corticosterone - 21 - Sulfate Potassium

Salt O.OOlβmg d-Aldosterone-21-Hemisuccinate 0.0003mg β-Estradiol-Water Soluble

(Balanced in 2-HPBC) 0.0044mg

Act. : 0.0002mg Estriol-3-Sulfate Sodium Salt 0.00015mg

Progesterone-Water Soluble (Balanced in 2-HPBC) 0.220mg

Act. : 0.0154mg

Part B

Ethyl Alcohol 0.3ml Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2)

Act: 4x106 USP/g 3mg

Cholecalciferol Sulfate Sodium Salt

(Vitamin D3) 0.6mg α-Tocopherol Acetate (Vitamin E) 60mg (Act: 1360 IU/g

Procedure:

1. Separately prepare Part A and Part B by adding active substances to the appropriate solvents.

2. Add Part B to Part A slowly, by mixing on a magnetic stirrer or on a low speed mixer.

3. Mix thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on a low speed mixer not less than 4 hours.

89 I

Store in a refrigerator.

Intracellular Transmitters - Nucleotide Coenzyme - Prostaglandin Biocomplex for Eye Zone

Intracellular Transmitters:

Phosphate Buffer, pH 7.4 3.75ml

HPBC 2.5g ATP; Adenosine 5 ' -triphosphate disodium salt 35mg

GTP; Guanosine 5 ' -triphosphate lithium salt 1.85mg

PI; Phosphoinosites sodium salt; mixture of 15-20% PI4 PI PS 0.078mg

PI; Brain extract, Type I, containing 10-20% PI and 50-60% PS 2.8mg

C-AMP; Adenosine 3 ' 5 ' -cyclic monophosphate (solubility: 5 mg per ml water) 5 mg

C-GMP; Guanosine 3 '5' -cyclic monophosphate sodium salt 1.85mg 1,2-DG; 1, 2-Diacylglycerol 0. lmg

IP3; d-myo-Inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate hemodium salt 0.006mg

Calmoduline; phosphodiesterase 3"5"-cyclic nucleotide activator; from bovine brain 140 Units=0.0035μg

Calmoduline; crude 0.012mg

PK; protein kinase 0.015mg

Coenzyme A, sodium salt 0.2mg β-NAD; β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide sodium salt 12.5mg β-NADP; β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate 2mg

Prostaglandins : PGD2; Prostaglandin D2 0.003mg

PGE2; Prostaglandin E2 0.0038mg

PGI2; Prostaglandin 12 (prostocyclin) O.Olδmg

90

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (ROLE 26)

PGE1; Prostaglandin El 0.003mg

Procedure:

1. Step-by-step add active ingredient to solvent.

2. Mix thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on a low speed mixer not less than 4 hours.

3. Store in a refrigerator.

Nucleic Acid Bases - Amino Acids Biocomplex for Eye Zone

Part A

Aqueous media comprising:

Distilled Water 2.25ml

HPBC 1.5g

Part B

Ingredient Amount lkg/cream

IN NaOH 3.5ml

Nucleic Acid Bases:

Adenine (A) 40mg

Guanine (G) 50mg Cytosine (C) lOmg

Thyamine (T) 40mg

Uracil (U) 80mg

Amino Acids : L-Tryptophan 80mg

L-Cysteine Hydrochloride 50mg

L-Phenylalanine 70mg

91

Part C

IN HC1 2.5ml

Amino Acids:

L-Cystin 50mg

L-Tyrosine 50mg

Procedure: 1. Separately prepare Part A, Part B and Part C by adding the active substance to appropriate solvent by mixing on a magnetic stirrer.

2. Slowly add Part B to Part A by mixing on a magnetic stirrer.

3. Slowly add Part C to the mixture of Parts A and B (prepared in Step 2) by mixing on a magnetic stirrer.

4. Continue mixing on a magnetic stirrer or on a low speed mixer not less than 4 hours.

5. Store in refrigerator.

EXAMPLE 9

Multicomponent Biologically Active Complex Created For Acne Version 1

This MBAC is comprised of standard Biocomplexes previously described and consists of:

- Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for oily skin -

- Version 1 - as described in Example 4

92

- Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for very oily skin -

- Version 1 - as described in Example 5

- Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for oily skin - - Version 1 - as described in Example 4

- Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for very oilyskin - Version 1 - as described in Example ^' 5

- Intracellular Transmitters - NucleotideCoenzymes -

Prostaglandin Biocomplex for oilyskin - Version 2 - as described in Example 6

- Delivery System (Substitute Cell Membrane) - Version #3 - as described in Example C

EXAMPLE 10

Biologically Active Complexes Created For Eczema

And Psoriasis

Biocomplex for Eczema and Psoriasis is composed of standard Biocomplexes previously described and consists of:

- Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for normal skin -

- Version 1 - as described in Example 1

- Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for dry skin - - Version 2 - as described in Example 7

- Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for normal skin - Version 1 - as described in Example 1

- Steroid - Vitamin Biocomplex for dry skin -

- Version 2 - as described in Example 7

- Intracellular Transmitters - NucleotideCoenzymes

- Prostaglandin Biocomplex for dry skin -

- Version 2 - as described in Example 7, butusing a double amount

- Amino-Acid Biocomplex for dry skin -

- Version 2 - as described in Example 7

- Delivery System (Substitute Cell Membrane) -

- Version 3 - as described in Example C

- Full Vitamin and Coenzyme Biocomplex -

- as described in Example 13

EXAMPLE 11

Biologically Active Complex Created For Neurodermatitis And Itches

Biocomplex for Neurodermatitis and Itches is composed of standard Biocomplexs previously described and consists of:

- Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for normal skin -

- Version 1 - described in Example 1

- Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for normal skin - Version 1 - as described in Example 1

- Steroid - Vitamin Biocomplex for dry skin

- Version 2 - as described in Example 7

- Intracellular Transmitters - Nucleotide Coenzymes

- Prostaglandin Biocomplex for dry skin -

94

- Version 2 - as described in Example 7

- Delivery System (Substitute Cell Membrane) -

- Version 3 - as described in Example C

- LDL Model - Low Density Lipoprotein Model -

- Version 1 - as described in Example 10.

EXAMPLE 12

Multicomponent Biologically Active Complexes Created for Shock and Critical Conditions

For the treatment of shock and critical conditions, various biocomplexes with different activity and different amounts of active agents were created since shock is a very complex pathology with individual variations in each organism.

In all cases, MBAC for shock and critical conditions consists of the same active substances, with the differences being in the concentration of the active agents.

These MBACs consist of : -Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for shock condition

- Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for shock condition

- Intracellular Transmitters - Nucleotide Coenzymes - Prostaglandin Biocomplex for shock condition

- Delivery System (substitute cell membrane) - Version 3 - as described in Example C.

Given below are the preferred ranges for each active substance in MBACs for shock and critical conditions.

Protein - Peptide Biocomplex for Shock Conditions

Ingredient Amount/Usage Per Dose

Phosphate Buffer 1ml

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HPBC (Hydroxypropyl -β- Cyclodextrin) 0.2g

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

(Fragment 1-24) 0.5-2.5ng β-Endorphin

(Fragment 61-91) 0.04-0.lng Somatotropin (B-GH) 0.05-0. lng Thyrotropic Hormone (TSH) 005-0. Olmiu Vasopressin (Arginine Vasopressin) 0.2-2ng Thyrocalcitonin 0.2-lng Angiotensin II 0.1-3ng Insulin 0.15-lmiu

Procedure: 1. Step-by-step, add each active substance to solvent.

2. Mix thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on low speedmixer not less than 4 hours.

Store in a refrigerator.

Steroid - Catecholamine Biocomplex for Shock Condition

Ingredient Amount/Usage Per Dose

Phosphate Buffer, pH 7.4 lml HPBC 0.2g

Hydrocortisone - Water Soluble

(Balanced in 2-HPBC) 0.7-1.2μg

Corticosterone-21-Sulfate Potassium Salt 20-30ng

Cortisol 15-25ng d-Aldosterone-21-Hemisuccinate l-5ng Cholecalciferol Sulfate Sodium Salt 2.5-4ng

Dopamine 4-8ng

Epinephrine Hydrochloride (Adrenalin) 5-10ng

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Arterenol Hydrochloride (Noradrenalin) 5-10ng

Procedure:

1. Step-by-step, add each active substance to solvent.

2. Mix thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on low speedmixer not less than 4 hours.

3. Store in a refrigerator.

Intracellular Transmitters - Nucleotide Coenzymes Prostaglandins Biocomplex for Shock Condition

Ingredient Amount/Usage Per Dose

Phosphate Buffer, pH 7.4 1ml HPBC 0 .25g

ATP; Adenosine 5' -Triphosphate 0 .25- 1.2mg GTP; Guanosine 5 ' -Triphosphate 0, .02- 0. lmg Phosphainositides Sodium Salt 0 .01- 0.06mg Phosphatidylinozitol-4, 5-Diphosphate 0, .01- 005mg 3' 5 '-AMP; Cyclic Adenosin onophosphate 0. .08- 2 g 3*5'-GMP; Guanosine 3' 5 '-Cyclic Monophosphate 0. .03- 0.7mg 1, 2-Diacylglycerol 0. ,05- 0.08mg d-myo-Inositol 1,4, 5-Triphosphate 0.001-0 .002mg Calmoduline; Phosphodiesterase 3 '5 '-Cyclic Nucleotide Activator 14 1-50 Units Calmoduline; Crude 0. 001 -0. Olmg Protein Kinase 0.0012- 0.006mg Coenzyme A 0. 02- 0.06mg β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate 0. 2-0 .8mg β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide 2- 8mg Heparin Sulfate 20ι-150 Units

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Prostaglandin F2α; 0.2-lng

Prostaglandin D2 0.2-0.8ng

Prostaglandin 12 0.4-2ng

Prostaglandin Flα 0.3-0.7ng

Procedure:

1. Step-by-step, add active substances to solvent.

2. Mix thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on lowspeed.

3. Store in a refrigerator.

EXAMPLE 13 Example of Bioactive Complexes Modeling (BCM) - Version 1 The following is a formulation of self-tanning biocomplex, which consists of three parts: dihydroacetone (DHA) juglone vitamins This biocomplex can be used with or without substitute cell membrane (SCM) delivery system - see Example D of delivery system. DHA Part of Self-tanning Biocomplex

Ingredient Amount/1 kg Cream

Aqueous media comprising:

Distilled Water 85ml

Phosphate-citrate buffer, pH 5 18ml

EDTA No. 1 O.lg

HPBC 52g DHA 30g

D-Trehalose lg

Sucrose 5.8g

Germaben 2E 0.8g

Procedure:

1. Mix all compounds.

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2. Mix on a magnetic stirrer or low speed mixer notless than 5- 6 hours.

Juglone Part of Self-Tanning Biocomplex

Ethyl alcohol 17ml

Juglone 10.Ig

Vitamins Part of Self-Tanning Biocomplex

Part I

Distilled Water 11ml

HPBC 2g

D-Trehalose 0.06g Sucrose 0.19g

Germaben 2E 0.2ml

Tween 20 2ml

Tween 80 2ml

Part II - melting everything together thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on a homogenizer

Retinol pal itate (1,600,000 USP/g) lg αf-Tocopherol acetate (1360 IU/g) 0.3g

Ergocalciferol (4-106 IU/g) 0.0014g β-carotene (1,600,000 of Vit. A per gram) 0.04g

Antioxidant mixture 1.6ml

Span 20 0.4ml

Span 80 0.2ml

Procedure:

1. Prepare each part separately. Part II must be melted thoroughly on a magnetic stirrer or on a homogenizer.

2. Slowly add Part I to Part II by mixing on a homogenizer with a G45 knife, until emulsion forms. Then, slowly increase the rate of addition of Part I to Part II.

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3. Mix on a homogenizer not less than 40 minutes.

4. For full encapsulation, continue mixing on a magnetic stirrer or low speed mixer not less than 3 hours.

EXAMPLES OF NATURAL BIOACTIVE COMPLEXES

Further examples of natural bioactive complexes (NBAs) :

LDL - low density lipoproteins for topical applications HDL - high density lipoproteins for topical applications VLDL - very low density lipoproteins for topical application

These formulations are used without a delivery system.

EXAMPLE 14

LDL Model - Low Density Lipoprotein Model

Version 1

Ingredient Amount/l kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Distilled Water 28.0ml Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 5.5g

EDTA - Na2 0.04g

Sodium Bisulfite 0.06g

Tween 20 0.5ml

PEG 200 0.5ml Trehalose 0.16g

Sucrose 0.32g

Antioxidant Mixture 0.15ml

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Germaben 2E 0.05ml

Bronopol 0.02g

Liquid Component:

Unsaturated Fatty Acids:

Linoleic Acid 1131ml

=1017.9mg Linolelaidic Acid 11ml

=9.79mg

Linolenic Acid 30ml

=27.6mg

Cis-11,14,17 Eicosatrienoic Acid 5μl Ethyl Ester =5mg

Arachidonic Acid Sodium Salt 15mg

Cis-7, 10, 13, 16-Docosatetraenoic lμl

Acid Methyl Ester =lmg

Cis-4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19-Docosahexaenoic 5μl Acid Methyl Ester =5mg

Saturated Fatty Acids:

Stearic Acid 12mg Nonadecanoic Acid Methyl Ester 30mg

Arachidic Acid 60mg

Heneicosanoic Acid Methyl Ester 2mg

Cholesterol :

Cholesterol 130mg

Triacylglycerides With Unsaturated Fatty Acids:

Triolein 250μl

=227.5mg

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Trilinolein 20μl

=20mg

Trilinolenin 4ml

=4g Tri-11-Eicosenoin 5μl

=5mg

Trierucin 5mg

Triacylglycercides With Saturated Fatty Acids:

Trinonodecanoin lOmg

Triarachidin lOmg

Tribehenin 9mg

Phospholipids:

L-of-Phosphatidylcholine

(Type X-E; ~60%) 32lmg L-CK-Phosphatidycholine (Type XV-E; ~60%) 32lmg

L-α-Phosphatidylcholine

(Type XII-E; ~60%) 32lmg

Proteins :

Albumin 172mg Collagen (Water-Soluble) 150mg Collagen Type 1 (Insoluble from Bovine) lOOmg Collagen Type 2 (Insoluble from Bovine) 150mg Elastin 150mg

EXAMPLE 15

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SBBIIIUIE SHEET RBIE 26

VLDL Model - Very Low Density Lipoprotein Model

Version 1

Ingredient Amount/l kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Distilled Water 29.0ml Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 5.5g

EDTA - Na2 0.04g

Sodium Bisulfite 0.06g

Tween 20 0.5ml

PEG 200 0.5ml Trehalose 0.13g

Sucrose 0.26g

Antioxidant Mixture 0.15ml

Ger aben 2E 0.05ml

Bronopol 0.02g

Unsaturated Fatty Acids:

Linoleic Acid 242μl

=217.8mg Linolelaidic Acid llμl

=9.79mg Linolenic Acid 30μl

=27.6mg Cis-11,14,17 Eicosatrienoic Acid 5μl Ethyl Ester =5mg

Arachidonic Acid Sodium Salt 15mg

Cis-4 , 7, 10, 13, 16, 19-Docosahexaenoic 5μl

Acid Methyl Ester =5mg

Saturated Fatty Acids:

Stearic Acid llmg

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Nonadecanoic Acid Methyl Ester llmg

Arachidic Acid —-llmg

Heneicosanoic Acid Methyl Ester 2mg

Cholesterol :

Cholesterol 35mg

Triacylglycerides With Unsaturated Fatty Acids:

Triolein 1154μl

=1095.5mg Trilinolein 20μl =20mg

Trilinolenin 4μl

=4mg Tri-11-Eicosenoin 5μl

=5mg Trierucin 5μl

=5mg

Triacylglycerides With Saturated Fatty Acids :

Tristearin 84mg

Trinonodecanoin lOmg

Triarachidin 15mg

Tribehenin lOmg

Prospholipids:

L- a-Phosphatidylcholine

(Type X-E; ~60%) 195mg

L-α-Phosphatidylcholine (Type XV-E; ~60%) 195mg

L-α-Phosphatidylcholine

(Type XII-E; ~60%) 195mg

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Proteins

Albumin 70mg Collagen (Water-Soluble) 70mg Collagen Type 1 (Insoluble from Bovine) 70mg Collagen Type 2 (Insoluble from Bovine) 70mg Elastin 70mg

EXAMPLE 16

HDL Model- High Density Lipoprotein Model

Version 1

Ingredient Amount/l kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of :

Distilled Water 30ml

Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin 5.5g

EDTA - Na2 0.04g

Sodium Bisulfite 0.06g

Tween 20 0.5ml

PEG 200 0.5ml

Trehalose 0.170g

Sucrose 0.340g

Antioxidant Mixture 0.15ml

Germaben 0.05ml

Bronopol 0.02g

Unsaturated Fatty Acids:

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Linoleic Acid 423μl

=380.7mg

Linolelaidic Acid llμl =9.79mg

Linolenic Acid 30μl

=27.6mg

Cis-6,9,12, 15-0ctadecatetraenoic Acid 0.5mg

Cis-11,14,17 Eicosatrienoic Acid 5μl Ethyl Ester =5mg

Arachidonic Acid Sodium Salt 15mg

Cis-5, 8, 11, 14, 17-Eicosapentaenoic Acid 0.2mg

Cis-13, 16, 19-Docosatrienoic Acid 0.8mg

Cis-7, 10, 13, 16-Docosatetranoic Acid 0.8mg Cis-4, 7, 10, 13 , 16, 19-Docosahexaenoic lOμl

Acid Methyl Ester =10mg

Cholesterol :

Cholesterol 50mg

Triacylglycerides With Unsaturated Fatty Acids :

Triolein 60μl

=54.6mg

Trilinolein 20μl

=20mg Trilinolenin 4μl

=4mg

Tri-11-Eicosenoin 5μl

=5mg

Trierucin 5mg

Prospholipids:

106 OBSmUIE SHEET ROLE 26)

L-α-Phosphatidylcholine

(Type X-E; ~60%) 490mg

L-α-Phosphatidylcholine

(Type XV-E; ~60%) 490mg

L-α-Phosphatidylcholine (Type XII-E; ~60%) 490mg

Proteins:

Albumin 535mg

Collagen

(Water-Soluble) 535mg

Collagen Type 1 (Insoluble from Bovine) lOOmg

Collagen Type 2

(Insoluble from Bovine) 150mg

Elastin 150mg

EXAMPLE 17

EXAMPLE OF VITAMIN AND COENZYME BIOCOMPLEXES (VCB)

Version 1

Full Vitamin and Coenzyme Biocomplex

Ingredient Amount 1/kg Cream

Aqueous Media Consisting Of:

Distilled Water 22ml

HPBC lOg EDTA - Na2 0.018g

Glutation 0.Ig

Trehalose 0.5g

Sucrose ² • Og

PEG 200 1.6ml

Germaben 2E 0.26ml

Bronopol 0.13g

Bioactive Agents Part I :

Thiamine Hydrochloride

(Vitamin Bl) 0.15g

Cocarboxylase 0.05g Flavin Mononucleotide Sodium Salt 0.05g

Nicotinamide (Niacinamide) lg Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

Sodium Salt 0.015g Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Sodium Salt 0.002g

Pantothenic Acid Hemicalcium Salt 0.8g

Coenzyme A (COA) 0.0005g

Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B6) 0.15g

Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate (Codecarboxylase) 0.04g Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)5g.

Bioactive Agents Part II: (pH adjusted to 4.5-5.0)

2 M Sodium Hydroxide 3.8ml

Rutin Hydrate (Vitamin P) 0.7g

Quercetin (Vitamin P) 0.15g

Folic Acid (Pteroylglutamic Acid) 0.03g

Tetrahydrofolic Acid O.OOlg Biotin 0.015g

Bioactive Agents Part HI: (pH adjusted to 4.5-5.0) :

Distilled Water 15ml

Tween 20 3ml

Tween 80 3ml

Retinol Palmitate

(On Gelatin Matrix with Antiox) 1.2g

Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2) O.OOlg Cholecalciferol Sulfate (Vitamin D3) C.00025g Tocopherol Acetate (Vitamin e)

(Does not air oxidize) 1.5g Antioxidant Mixture

(Prepared on Ethyl Alcohol) 2.0ml Span 20 0.6ml

Span 80 0.3ml

Procedure: Prepare all three parts separately.

Part I:

1. Add all active ingredients of Part I to Aqueous Media by mixing on a magnetic stirrer or on ahomogenizer.

2. Adjust pH of the Part I up to 4.5-5.0.

Part II:

1. Add all active ingredients of Part II to 2M NaOH bymixing on a magnetic stirrer.

Part ill:

1. Mix together the distilled water, Tween 20 and TweenβO.

2. Mixing all remaining components of this part on a magnetic stirrer or on a homogenizer until they mix uniformly.

3. Slowly add the distilled water/Tween mixture to the Step 2 mixture by mixing on a homogenizer until emulsion forms. Then, increase the speed of adding distilled water/Tween mixture to the Step 2 mixture.

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4. Mix on a homogenizer not less than 30 minutes.

Final Biocomplex Preparation Procedure

1. Slowly add Part II to Part I by mixing on a magneticstirrer or on a homogenizer. Mix thoroughly.

2. Slowly add the mixture of Part I and II to Part III (i.e. , phase) by mixing on a homogenizer.

3. Adjust final pH up to "4.5-5.0.

4. Mix on a homogenizer with G45 knife not less than 45minutes.

5. For full encapsulation, continue mixing on a magnetic stirrer or low speed mixer not less than 3-4 hours.

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