BACKGROUND ART The problem how to transmit the direct motion to a rotary one is solved mostly by applying the known crank mechanism. As a typical example there may serve piston combustion engines. Crank mechanisms, though, are complicated and costly in production, and after more than the hundred year development, a fundamental improvement of said type of mechanism cannot be expected.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION The above mentioned drawbacks may be obviated by the device for transmitting a direct reverse motion to a rotary motion or vice versa according to the present invention, the principe of which resides in the fact that it consists of a longitudinal component, provided on both ends with cylindrical sections, seated in a sliding and rotating way in guides fixed to the frame. The longitudinal component is provided, in the middle part between the guides, with a shoulder, having on faces <BR> <BR> <BR> turned towards the guides at least one cut with oblique sides, the shape of which corresponds with the shape of the recess, connected to the frame. Tops of the cuts and/or tops of the recess are mutually turned a little.

The device according to the invention makes it possible to replace the crank mechanism at all kinds of machines and equipment, at which a transmission of the direct reverse motion to a revolving motion, or vice versa is needed.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the tops of cuts on one side of the shoulder are arranged in the spot of the lowest points of the cuts at the opposite side of the shoulder.

According to the advantageous embodiment, the tops of the recesses on one side of the frame are arranged in the spot of the lowest points of the recesses on the opposite side of the frame.

It is advantageous, if the longitudinal component is joined to a fly-wheel.

The fly-wheel may be seated in a revolving way in the frame, and in the centre of the fly-wheel there can be seated in a sliding way the longitudinal component, or the longitudinal component may bear on the circumference of the fly-wheel.

Pursuant to another advantageous embodiment, the fly-wheel and the longitudinal component can be provided, in the spot of the mutual contact, with a mutually engaging grooving or gearing.

Pursuant to another advantageous embodiment, the longitudinal component is connected to the fly-wheel by means of a gear.

An advantageous embodiment is formed, if at least one guide is formed by a cylinder of a combustion engine, the piston of which forms a cylindrical section of the longitudinal component.

Pursuant to another advantageous embodiment, one guide is formed by a suction cylinder of a combustion engine, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the working cylinder which is formed by the other guide, and the suction cylinder is interconnected with the working cylinder through a by-pass channel.

The by-pass channel can be arranged in the longitudinal component, and it can be provided with a by-pass valve, or the by-pass channel can be arranged in the frame.

According to another advantageous embodiment, at least one guide is formed by a compressor cylinder, the piston of which forms the cylindrical section of the longitudinal component, eventually the longitudinal component can be connected to a driving unit.

According to another advantageous embodiment, one guide is formed by a compressor cylinder, and the other guide is formed by an engine cylinder.

According to another advantageous embodiment, one guide is formed by a vacuum pump cylinder, the piston of which forms the cylindrical section of the longitudinal component.

According to another advantageous embodiment, at least one guide is formed by the cylinder of a steam engine, the piston of which forms the cylindrical section of the longitudinal component.

In some cases it is advantageous, if several longitudinal components with respective guides are arranged in one common frame.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The invention will be described in details by means of examples of embodiments, illustrated on attached drawings, on which individual embodiments represent: Fig. 1,2 the first embodiment of the device according to the invention in a partial longitudinal and cross section Fig. 3,4 the second embodiment of the device according to the invention in the right and left limit position Fig. 5 to 8 the application of the device according to the invention in a four-stroke combustion engine in various phases of the engine operation Fig. 9,10 the application of the device according to the invention in a two-stroke combustion engine in various phases of the engine operation MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION On Fig. 1 and 2 there is illustrated the first example of a device embodiment according to the present invention. The device consists of a frame 2, in which, one opposite the other, two guides 1 are fixed, having a round cross section and a common axis. Both guides 1 are provided, on their faces, turned towards them, with two recesses 12 in the shape of the letter V, and the top of the recess 12 on the left guide 1 lies opposite the lowest point of the recess 12 of the right guide 1. Through both guides 1 there pass, in a sliding and rotating way, cylindrical sections 10, arranged on opposite sides of a longitudinal component 3. The longitudinal component 3 is provided, in the middle part between the guides 1, with a shoulder 4, having on faces, turned towards the guides 1, cuts 11 in the V-shape, the shape of which corresponds with the shape of the recess 12. Tops of cuts 11 on the opposite faces of the shoulder 4 lie on the common surface line, the length of which is only slightly smaller than the distance of the top of the recess 12 on the right guide 1 and the opposite lowest point of the recess 12 of the right guide 1. The cuts 11 on the longitudinal component 3 and the recess 12 on the guides 1 are orientated in such a way that if the top of the cut 11 on one side of the longitudinal component 3 engages with the recess 12 of the respective guide 1, the top of the cut 11 on the opposite side of the longitudinal component 3 is situated opposite the top of the recess 12 of the respective guide 1. On Fig. 1, the longitudinal component 3 is just before the end of the left dead centre. The stroke size of the longitudinal component 3 results from the depth of the recesses 12, eventually of the cuts 11. The number of recesses 12 and the cuts 11 determines the number of strokes of the longitudinal component 3 for its one turn through 3600.

On the longitudinal component 3 there is seated in a sliding way a fly-wheel 5 in such a way that grooves in its central hole engage with longitudinal grooves on the surface of the longitudinal component 3 in the spot of the shoulder 4.

The fly-wheel 5 is seated in a rotating way, in the frame 2 by means of thrust bearings 16. On the circumference there engages with the fly-wheel 5 a pinion 21 seated in the frame 2.

According to non-illustrated embodiments, the longitudinal component 3 may engage with the fly-wheel 5 in such a way that it bears on its circumference, or it is interconnected with it by means of known transmissions, such as belt transmission, chain one and the like.

After putting the longitudinal component 3 into the reverse motion between the left and right dead centre, there occur the mutual sliding of oblique sides of the respective cuts 11 and recesses 12, by which the longitudinal component is made rotating. The grooves in the central hole of the fly-wheel 5 engage with the longitudinal grooves on the surface of the longitudinal component 3 and enable the reciprocating motion of the longitudinal component 3, and simultaneously they transmit its rotary motion onto the fly-wheel 5, from which it is taken by means of the pinion 21.

The device, of course, may be in function in an opposite way too, it means that the fly-wheel 5 is put into rotation, which, by means of the device according to the invention, is transmitted to the reverse motion of the longitudinal component 3, viz. in an analogical way with respect to the above described process. The longitudinal component 3 rotates and simultaneously performs the reverse motion between the left and right dead centre.

On Fig. 3, there is illustrated another example of the device embodiment according to the invention which differs from the embodiment shown on Fig. 1 and 2 only in the shape of the cuts 11 and the recesses 12. The cuts 11 are formed by beveling the face of the shoulder 4 of the longitudinal component 3, and the recesses 12 are made by beveling the faces turned towards the guides 1 under the same incline. On Fig. 3, the device is illustrated just before the end of the right dead centre, and on Fig. 4, said device is illustrated just before the end of the left dead centre.

Other parts, as well as the function, are the same as at the embodiment shown on Fig. 1. On Figs. 5 to 8, there is illustrated the application of the invention for a four stroke combustion engine. The design is analogous as at the embodiment on Fig. 1, but both guides 1 are formed by cylinders of a combustion engine with suction valves 31, exhaust valves 32 and a spark-plug 41. The cylindrical sections 10 of the longitudinal component 3 are formed by pistons of said engine.

The engine operates as a usual four-stroke spark-ignition engine, with such a difference that pistons perform not only the reverse motion, but at the same time, due to the above described action of the cuts 11 and recesses 12, they rotate on the longitudinal axis. Said rotary motion is transmitted to the fly-wheel 5 in the described way.

On Fig. 5, there is the suction valve 31 of the left cylinder open and the suction process takes place, while at the right cylinder a compression process is in progress. On Fig. 6, there occurred an ignition of the mixture through a spark-plug 41, and an expansion process takes place; in the left cylinder there is a compression.

On Fig. 7, the exhaust valve 32 of the right cylinder is open and the exhaust of combustion products is in progress, while in the left cylinder, after having ignited the mixture by means of the park-plug 41, the expansion takes place. On Fig. 8, the exhaust valve 32 of the left cylinder is open and the exhaust of combustion products is in progress, while in the right cylinder, after the suction valve 31 has been opened, the suction process is in progress. Then the whole cycle is repeated, and the fly- wheel 5 rotates, without a necessity of any crank mechanism.

On Figs. 9 and 10 there is illustrated the invention application concerning a two-stroke combustion engine. The design of the embodiment is also analogous to the embodiment shown on Fig. 1, but both guides 1 are formed by the engine cylinders, and the cylindrical sections 10 of the longitudinal component 3 are formed by pistons of said engine. The left cylinder is of a larger diameter than the right cylinder and it is provided with a suction valve 31, because it operates only as a suction cylinder 7. The right cylinder is formed by a working cylinder 6, and it is provided with an exhaust channel 50, which is covered by the piston. The suction cylinder 7 is connected to the working cylinder 6 through a by-pass channel with a by-pass valve 8. On Figs. 9 and 10, the by-pass channel is designed in the centre of the longitudinal component 3. The by-pass valve 8 is automatically opened in the left dead centre of the left piston. The by-pass valve 8 can be replace with a hole in the wall of the working cylinder 6 which is uncovered, if the right piston takes place in the left dead centre.

During the operation of said two-stroke engine, the suction cylinder 7 sucks and compresses air or the fuel mixture, which is blasted through the by-pass channel into the working cylinder 6, where it is combusted in the known two-stroke cycle. In this way, the working cylinder 6 functions as an overfilled cylinder.

According to an unshown embodiment, the guide 1 is formed by a compressor cylinder, the piston of which forms the cylindrical section 10 of the longitudinal component 3. In this case, the device according to the present invention operates as a compressor. In such a case, the longitudinal component 3 is connected to a driving unit.

According to a further unshown embodiment, one of the guides 1 is formed by a compressor cylinder, and the other guide 1 is formed by a cylinder of a four-stroke combustion engine. A complex unit engine-compressor is the result of such an embodiment.

According to a further unshown embodiment, one of the guides 1 is formed by a vacuum pump cylinder, the piston of which forms the cylindrical section 10 of the longitudinal component 3. The other guide 1 is formed by a cylinder of a four-stroke combustion engine. A complex unit engine-vacuum pump is the result of such an embodiment.

According to another unshown embodiment, the guides 1 are formed by cylinders of a steam engine, the pistons of which form the cylindrical sections 10 of the longitudinal component 3. Steam is alternatingly fed into both cylinders. In this way the device according to the invention replaces the crank mechanism of the steam engine.

In a common frame 2, there can be situated several longitudinal components 3 with respective guides 1, and their fly-wheel 5 can be interconnected in some of the known ways.

A more-cylinder engine is formed by situating several devices according to the invention around a common central fly-wheel, and the individual engines are started by means of a system of clutches in dependence upon the desired output.