AREA OF THE TECHNICS

The invention is related to a device for distribution and regulation of fuel, having an application into the fuel system of the injection petrol or diesel internal combustion engines.

PREVIOUS STATE OF THE TECHNICS

A device is known for distribution and regulation of the fuel with the next construction. It consists of a cylinder, in which is bored a central passable hole. In the upper side of the cylinder two coaxial cone holes are made, situated opposite towards the diameter of the cylinder. One hole is used to feed the fuel, the other is for the fuel

to overflow. Inside of the central hole of the cylinder a piston is assembled. The piston has a radial groove, connected to the face of the piston by an longitudinal peripheral groove. The space of the radial groove is enlarged in the area of the longitudinal groove by means of an additional hollow, limited in its upper side by a surface with an inclined edge.The piston is moved by means of camshaft and is able to move axial forwards and backwards and to rotate, by which it is pressing a different portions of a fuel.

Disadvantages of the described construction of a device for distribution and regulation of fuel are the following. It works on an volume principle. A separated device is necessary for every combustion chamber, thus making the construction complex. Another disadvantage is the use of an camshaft, by which the contact of the forced couple is in a line and the wear and tear in work is increased.

TECHNICAL ESSENCE

The technical problem to be solved is to create the construction of a device for distribution and regulation of fuel which works on a principle different than the volume principle and for the construction to be simplified.

This technical problem is solved by creating a device for distribution and regulation of fuel with the following construction. It consists of a working cylinder, fitted into the hole of an outer pipe, closed on both of its sides with caps. The working cylinder together with the outer pipe are fitted into a supporting pipe.The working cylinder has an input shaft that is extended out through the corresponding cap. The input shaft is connected to an rotary moving device, geared to the crank shaft of the motor. The working cylinder is also set in an axial motion. On the outer cylindrical surface of the working cylinder is hollowed out a functional cutting with a shape of a wedge.The one side of the wedge shaped cutting is a straight line, parallel to the axis of the cylinder; the other side is inclined by a wind line and has a configuration that corresponds to the desired characteristic of injection of the fuel.The space of the wedge-shaped cutting is connected to a peripheral feeding fuel groove from its wide side and a peripheral balance fuel groove from the side of its vertex.The both radial grooves are with a variable section, increased in area,

being diametrically opposed to the said wedge-shaped cutting with a purpose a balance equality of the areas by the high pressure of the fuel. In the outer pipe, an axial fuel feeding groove is cut parallel to the axis of the pipe. The axial fuel feeding groove is connected to an radial fuel feeding hole, through which the fuel from the fuel pump proceeds into the axial fuel feeding groove in the pipe. By the outer surface of the outer pipe, symmetrically to the both sides of the fuel feeding hole and perpendicular to its axis, a groove is made. Against this groove in the supporting pipe is bored a thread hole, in which is screwed a socket and on it is mounted a pipe for fuel supplied from the fuel pressure pump. The axial fuel feeding groove corresponds in length to the straight line of the said cutting in the working cylinder. It overlaps such a part of this length, that it provides a communication of the fuel with the peripheral fuel feeding groove at every axial position of the cylinder. Over the outer pipe, fuel outlet holes are situated. They are made in a plane, perpendicular to the axis of the outer pipe near to the axial fuel feeding groove. The number of holes is equal to the number of the cylinders of the motor and they are phased at equal angles. Grooves are made against the fuel outlet holes in the supporting pipe. In the middle of every groove is bored a thread hole in which is screwed a socket and in it is mounted a fuel outlet pipe. On both sides of the working cylinder, seals are situated outside of both the peripheral fuel groves. Also on both sides of the fuel outlet holes seals are incorporated and a third seal provides a hermetic of the space around the fuel inlet hole.. The outer pipe on its free side has a mounted gear ring, coupled to a moving rack. The outer pipe is axially fixed towards the supporting pipe

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

An available performance of an device for distribution and regulation of the fuel according the description is illustrated in figure 1.

Figure 1 illustrates the device in an longitudinal section.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

According the description and the figures the preferred embodiment of the device for distribution and regulation of the fuel has the following construction.lt consists of an working cylinder 1 , mounted into a hole 2 of the outer pipe 3, closed on both its sides by caps 4 and 5. The working cylinder 1 together with the outer pipe 3 are placed into supporting pipe 6. The working cylinder 1 has an input shaft step 7, extended out through its corresponding cap 4. The input shaft step 7 by a spline joint 8 is coupled to shaft 9 of a gear (not shown). The working cylinder 1 also has an axial motion device 10, made up of a bearing cap 11, in which is mounted a radial-axial bearing 12. To the bearing 12 is connected the rod 13, whose edge is protruding from the cap 5 and has a possibility for joining to a lever for an axial operation (not shown). Over the outer cylindrical surface 14 of the working cylinder 1 is hollowed out a functional cutting 15 with a shape of a wedge with walls 16 and 17. The wall 16 of the wedged cutting 15 is sraight, parallel to the axis of the cylinder 1 , and the inclined by an winding line wall 17 has a configuration, corresponding to the desired characteristic of injection of the fuel. The space of the wedge shaped cutting is connected to a peripheral fuel feeding groove 18 from its open wide side 19 and balance peripheral fuel groove 20 from the side of its vertex. Both the radial grooves 18 and 20 have a variable section, increased in the zone, placed diametrically opposite towards the said wedge shaped cutting 15. In the outer pipe 3 is cut an axial fuel feeding groove 21 , parallel to the axis of the pipe 3. The fuel feeding groove 21 is connected to a radial fuel feeding hole 22. By the outer surface of the pipe 3, symmetrically towards both sides of the fuel feeding hole 22 and perpendicularly towards its axis a groove

23 is made. Against the groove 23 in the supporting pipe 6 is bored a thread hole 24, in which is screwed a socket 25 and on it is mounted a pipe 26 for the supplied fuel. The fuel feeding groove 21 corresponds by its length to the sraight side 16 of the said cutting 15 in the working cylinder 1. It overlaps such a part of it, that provides a communication of the fuel with the peripheral fuel feeding groove 18 at every axial position of the cylinder 1. Over the outer pipe 3 are situated fuel outlet holes 27. They are made in a plane, perpendicular to the axis of the outer pipe 3 near to the axial fuel feeding groove 21. Their number is equal to the number of the cylinders of the motor and they are phased at equal angles. By the outer surface of the pipe 3, symmetrically towards both sides of the fuel outlet holes 27 and perpendicularly towards its axis, grooves 28 are made. Against every groove 28 in the supporting pipe 6 is bored a thread hole 29, in which is screwed a socket 30 and on it is mounted an outlet pipe 31. On both sides of the working cylinder 1 out of both the peripheral fuel grooves 18 and 20 are situated seals 32 and 33. Also on both sides of the fuel outlet holes 27 are incorporated seals 34 and 35, and a third seal 36 provides hermetic of the space around the fuel inlet hole 22. The outer pipe 3 on its free side 37 has a mounted gear ring 38, coupled to a moving rack 39. The outer pipe 3 is axially fixed towards the supporting pipe 6 by means of a groove 40 and fixture 41 made in it.

APPLICATION (UTILIZATION) OF THE INVENTION

The utilization of the device for distribution and regulation of the fuel is realized in the following way. It is fixed by means of a supporting pipe 6 to the body of the motor, so that the input shaft step 7, by a spline joint 8 is geared to shaft 9 of a gear, moved by the crank shaft of the motor (not shown). Also mounted to the body of the motor is a fuel pump (not shown), whose shaft is

moved by a shaft of the motor. The fuel pump feeds the fuel with the necessary pressure to the device for distribution and regulation of the fuel through fuel pipe 26. The fuel proceeds in the axial fuel feeding groove 21 and from there in the peripheral fuel feeding groove 18 and in the space of the wedged cutting 15. By the rotating of the cylinder 1 the wedged cutting 15 reaches a fuel outlet hole 27 and passes sequentially under the fuel outlet holes 27. The phase of injection depends on the arc, that the cutting 15 circumscribes, passing under the corresponding hole 27. The said arc depends on the axial position of the cylinder 1 towards the outer pipe 3. The initiation of injection begins from the moment when the edge of the incoming side 16 of the cutting 15 crosses the hole 27, and the end of injection is when the outgoing side 17 of the cutting 15 leaves the hole 27. The regulation of the initial moment of the injection is by means of rotation of the outer pipe 3, by which the fuel outlet holes 27 dislocate towards the phase of the crankshaft. The lubrication and the cooling of the precision couple cylinder 1 and outer pipe 3 is done by the fuel in the zone between the side seals 32 and 33.

Literature: Technishes Handbuch Dieselmotoren, VEB Verlag Technik Berlin-1966