The invention relates to a device for the separation and inertially sorting of the particles from a flowing fluid, designed for the separation of the suspended particles in a fluid.

The device is meant to be used as a particle/fluid separation and for sorting suspended particles according to their physical-mechanical characteristics.

Several inertialy separation solutions are known, the most spread of them being the cyclone type separator, first invented in 1885 by John Finch (patent document US 325521 Al). From this date, inertially separators being continuously improved, a big contribution to this problem being brought up by Henry Coanda in the document patent US 2796147 A from 1957. This document introduces flap constructive elements for improving of the flow based on the Coanda effect with the purpose of decreasing the energetic lost associated to the common cyclone. Even though, the separation efficiency of the cyclone was not significantly improved and the disadvantage of the heavy construction did not develop this principle in industrial applications. At the moment, this Coanda cyclone is not used due to the disadvantages already mentioned.

There are known complex studies for sizing the cyclones which determined the improving of the performances by defining well studied proportions of their individual elements. The document EP 0972572 A2 is such an example and it belongs to inventor Romualdo Luis Ribera Salcedo and describes an improving of the performances through the cyclone’s constructive elements calculation. The disadvantage of this solution is that it does not allow the particles granulometric separation on the same device and this it cannot adapt to various granulation mixtures.

These known inertially separating devices have the following disadvantages:

- Big pressure loss due to the spiral route of the fluid through these.

- Big energy consumption due to the high resistance while the fluid flows through these.

- Low efficiency for small particles which leave the filtration area while following the fluid route.

Low possibilities for sorting.

Bigger and heavier constructions with low efficiency and high consume. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to realize a rotating condition of the fluid capable to allow inertially continuous separation of the particles with a minimum energetic effort and maximum fluid separating effect.

The aim of the invention is to realize a device for the inertially separating and sorting of the particles contained in a moving fluid capable to realize the separation both of the fine particles and of the rough particles with a minimum of energy consumption in a safe and simple way without moving elements.

One of the objectives of the invention is to remove the disadvantages of the solutions in the state of art by realizing a flow of the fluids without big pressure losses, with reduced energy by using the Coanda effect on the surface of some circular deflection plates (CDP) placed alternative with variable or fixed pitches in order to produce the cyclone effect with different parameters depending on the position within the route of the fluid.

Another objective of the invention is to separate the particles in different stages on the separating elements with variable or fixed pitches, so that heavy particles are collected in the initial zone and increasingly finer granulometry is obtained.

The third objective of the invention is to build an ensemble with high resistance to the particles abrasion through avoiding the incidental perpendicular angle at the impact with the deflection surface in order to have a system with high reliability

Another objective is the separation of the initial fluid turbulent flow by catching an important portion of it into the laminar flow based on a guiding hydraulic diameter of the fluid path

The technical problems the invention solve are: to realize a compact and simple constructive device which create a lot of cyclones air streams known in fluid Dynamics as EDDY-es with minimum of physical components. These have the dimensions specific to the zones dedicated to the target granulometers being able to realize a separation depending on the categories of the grit’s dimensions and aerodynamically characteristics.

The separating element has a very reliable functioning in extreme conditions being easy to be used at extreme temperatures. The materials it is made of can be simply produced in order to resist to at dangerous or corrosive actions. The protection against explosion (so called EX) problems can be easy solved because it does not have moving parts.

The invention solves the above mentioned technical problems by adopting some technical solutions such as: - creating vortex conditions for the fluid which allow a good inertially separation of the particles.

- The CDP plates are placed alternatively with variable or constant pitch in order to produce the cyclone effect with different parameters depending on their position within the fluid route.

- An important part of the initial flow of the fluid is captured in a laminar flow zone by guiding with a certain hydraulic diameter.

We are defining the word corrugated plate according to the invention, used to define a wavy surface placed in the way of the route of moving particles so that the impact of these particles on the surface may never be a perpendicular to the respective surface so that the impulse vector of the bump between the particle and the surface to will decompose to a normal and a tangential vector and determine a decrease of the impact force together with a decrease of the particle energy in its movement after the bump.

We are defining the word FLAP, according to the invention, used to define a curve surface placed in contact with a fluid flow so that to determine the adjustment of the moving circuit of the flow in the sense to stimulate the Coanda effect.

The device for the inertially separation and sorting of the particles contained in a moving fluid, according to the invention solves these objectives by the fact that it consists of a body with the volume limited by an outer housing, and at one of the ends the body has a main intake port, being arranged so as to allow a fluid flow mixed with particles, guided towards a first CDP plate from a succession of 3- several similar CDP plates, wherein:

- The CDP plates are arranged vertically in the device body which is horizontally placed, on its both vertical walls successively at a distance between them that progressively decreases from the main intake port taking over the fluid flow of the intake port, and also in continuation in the longitudinal sense of the rectangular body. These distances, when made with decreasing continuous variable pitch generates some subzones between the nearby CDP plates and in each subzone the fluid flow, by its circulation generates a vortex so that a first zone is created in the rectangular body consisting of a succession of CDP plates together with a corresponding succession of in size decreasing vortexes, starting from the main intake port.

- A CDP plate has an approximately rectangular shape, not flatten, but with slightly curved surface at the end of it, opposite to that with which it is mounted in the interior of the housing, namely one at a time on each of the two vertical walls of it, each CDP plate having the shape of a flap with a triangular profiled surface with the role to provide channels with low hydraulic diameter for the moving fluid flow.

Depending on its position in the rectangular body, a CDP plate may have in continuation of the flap a guiding element with a curved profile placed from the FLAP plan so that to facilitate a route of the fluid with particles above it according to the Coanda principle and also to facilitate the entrance in the separation zone of the following vortices.

The device, according to the invention, also consists of a longitudinal body with an outer housing having an exit at the opposite end from the main intake port, characterized by:

- In the longitudinal body between the first zone and the exit there is a separation zone consisting of several parallel and longitudinal row in the shape of batteries of fine deflection wings successions placed successively in zig-zag resembling with the CDP plates from the first zone, having the same role namely to create a mini twirl vortex necessary for the separation of fine particles.

- In the outer housing of the rectangular body namely right in the way of the passage from the first zone to the separation zone, may be a second entrance vertically placed for the access of the fine particles fluid flow from the exterior.

The longitudinal body is characterized by the fact that the fluid flow obtained at the exit can be reintroduced through the main intake port or through the second intake port so that the fine particles of this fluid flow are carried again in order to improve the separating process according to claims 1 and 2.

The horizontally rectangular body is provided at one end with a main intake port and an exit at the other end, provided that all along the outer housing’s horizontal display of the rectangular body at the bottom there is a sorting collector in the shape of an inverse pyramid which allows the transmission from the upper side to an inferior separation area of the particles collected from the moving fluid flow and this is separated by gravitation and it is also automatically and progressively sorted with regard to the large weight and granulometry, being collected at-close to-the main intake port, and micro particles below the separation and exit zone.

The device for the inertially separation and sorting of the particles contained in a moving fluid, according to the invention has the following advantages: it creates compact shapes with the same separating effect as cyclones through generating vortices of different diameters limited only with the help of the circular deflection plates with a minimum energy consumption and a maximum of functioning stability regardless loading and generating an instant evacuation of the particles from the separating zone, with a very high resistance at the impact with the device’s constructive separation elements.

We present a practical example of the invention related with the figures 1 to 8 which represent:

- Fig. 1 - upside view in an horizontal plan of the device;

- Fig. 2 - side view in vertical plan of a device along with driven elements for ef-guiding the fluid and a final submicron particle separator;

- Fig. 3 - front view in vertical plan of a device;

Fig. 4 - isometric view of the device;

- Fig. 5 - isometric view and transversal section of a deflection 3 (CDP) plate;

- Fig. 6 - frontal and side view of a deflection (CDP) plate 3 with the aspect of a flap;

- Fig. 7 - frontal view of a guiding particle separation plate c;

- Fig. 8 - isometric view of a guiding particle separation plate.

The device for the inertially separation and sorting of the particles contained in a moving fluid consists of a body a which volume is limited by an outer housing 1 and provided at one of the end with a main intake port 2 being arranged so as to allow a fluid flow mixed with particles to be guided towards a first CDP plate 3 from a succession of several 3 similar CDP plates 3 that are placed vertically in the rectangular body a, on its both vertical walls, successively at a distance between them which may progressively decreases from the one positioned near the main intake port 2 and which takes over the fluid flow of the main intake port 2 along the longitudinal direction of the rectangular body a.

These distances with decreasing continuous variable pitch generates some subzones Zn between the nearby PDC plates 3. In each subzone Zn the fluid flow generates by circulation a vortices Xn so that by joining all the subzones Zn a first zone Z1 is created in the rectangular body a and this zone consists of a succession of PDC plates 3 together with the correspondent succession of vortices Xn which decrease in size starting with the main intake port 2. A plate PDC 3 is approximately rectangular, not flat, but with the aspect of a wavy surface and at its end which is opposite to that with which it is mounted in the interior of the outer housing 1, namely one by one successively on each of the two vertical walls of outer housing 1. Each plate PDC plate 3 has the shape of a flap V and on its surface there are parallel and uniform alternative grooves s and prominences p having the role to provide low hydraulic profile channels for the moving fluid flow. This profile has as correspondent a hydraulic diameter which transforms the turbulent movement of the vortices Xn in laminar flows, which advancement of on the flaps’ V surface is consistently facilitated so that the pressure losses in the laminar flow are significantly reduced comparing with the turbulent flow.

Depending on its position in the rectangular body a, a PDC plate 3, next to the flap V may have a guiding element G with a curved plain profile placed in order to facilitate a route of the fluid with particles above the flap V and also to facilitate the entrance of the fluid flow in the next flap’s V separation zone. The outer housing 1 has an exit 5 at the opposite end of that with the main intake port 2. There is a separation zone Z2 between the first zone Z1 and the exit 5 consisting of several parallel longitudinal rows with the shape of batteries of succession of fine deflection wings 4 and 6. These batteries are successively placed in wavy shape resembling with the CDP plates 3 from the first zone Zl, having the same role namely to create a mini-twirl necessary for the separation of fine particles. The outer housing 1 of the rectangular body a has a second entrance 7 placed vertically right in the way of the first zone Zl to the separation zone Z2, in order to allow the access from outside of a fine particles fluid flow. In this way the performance of the device may be increased when the fluid flow resulted at the exit 5 is reintroduced through the main intake port 2 or through the second entrance 7, so that the fine particles re-driven to improve the separating process, especially of the Micronics particles.

The horizontally rectangular body a is provided at one end with a main intake port 2 and an exit at the other end, provided that all along the outer housing’s 1 horizontal display of the rectangular body a, at the bottom, there is a sorting collector b in the shape of a vertical extension of the outer housing 1 with an inverse pyramid section which allows the transmission from the superior interior of the outer housing 1 to an inferior separation area of the particles collected from the moving fluid flow and this is separated by gravitation and it is also automatically and progressively sorted, the particles with high weight and granulometry at the main intake port 2, and the rest, namely middle, small and micro particles being collected below the separation zone starting with the second entrance 7 to the exit 5.