| WO/2005/056935 | HOUSEHOLD GREYWATER RECYCLING SYSTEM |
| WO/2004/020749 | SUPPLYING WATER TO A RETICULATION SYSTEM FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES |
| WO/2008/100132 | METHOD AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING GREYWATER |
WRIGHT, Margrit, Priska (36 Currawong Crescent, Pereglan Beach, QLD 4573, AU)
| CLAIMS 1. A device to combine fluid held in a first source at a first pressure with flowing fluid from a second source flowing at greater than said first pressure; said device including: a hollow body adapted to be connected at one end to incoming said second source of fluid, its other end being adapted to subsequently distribute said incoming fluid for its required use after passing through said body; communication means between said body adapted to allow any fluid held in said first source to pass into said hollow body when required; and a pressure differential means within said hollow body such that, upon activation of said flowing fluid, any fluid held in said first source is drawn into said hollow body through said communication means to combine with said incoming fluid from said second source to exit at said other end of said hollow body; wherein, said pressure differential means includes (a) a first restriction means through which said flowing fluid first passes, adapted to provide a differential pressure between its inlet and outlet and (b) a second restriction means through which said flowing fluid exiting from said outlet of said first restriction means passes, adapted to provide a differential pressure between its inlet and outlet; characterized in that turbulence of said flowing fluid is substantially reduced as it passes through said second restriction means. 2. A device as defined in Claim 1 wherein, said first restriction means is adjustable positionally within said hollow body. 3. A device as defined in Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein, said first restriction means is rβversibly removable from said hollow body. 4. A device as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein, said second restriction means is adjustable positionally within said hollow body. 5. A device as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 5 wherein, said second restriction means is reversibly removable from said hollow body. β. A device as defined in Claim 1 wherein, said first restriction means and said second restriction means are independently adjustable positionally within said hollow body. 7. A device as defined In any one of Claims 1 to 6 wherein, said first restriction means is a jet. 8. A device as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 7 wherein, said second restriction means is a ventuή. 9. A device as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 8 wherein, said hollow body and said communication means are an integral unit. 10. A device aa defined in any one of Claims 1 to 8 wherein, said hollow body and said communication means are reversibly connected together. 11. A device as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 10 wherein, said device includes a non-return valve, said valve preventing fluid from said second source entering the storage means for said fluid held in said first source. 12. A device as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 11 wherein, said turbulence is reduced by ensuring substantially laminar flow of said flowing fluid as It passes through said second restriction means. 13. A device as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 12 wherein, said fluid is a liquid. 14. A device as defined in Claim 13 wherein, said liquid is water. 15. A method to combine fluid held in a first source at a first pressure with flowing fluid from a second source flowing at greater than said first pressure, whereby a device as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 14 is fitted between an outlet of said second source of fluid and an outlet of said first source of fluid. |
THIS INVENTION relates to the more efficient use of available water reserves, in particular, it finds especial, but not limiting, use as a device and Its method of use which allows any tank collected rainwater to be utilised automatically with a reticulated water supply.
Throughout this specification, unless the contrary is expressly stated, where a document, act or item of knowledge is referred to or discussed, this reference or discussion is not an admission that the document, act or item of knowledge or any combination thereof was, at the priority date, publicly available, known to the public, part of the common general knowledge, or known to be relevant to an attempt to solve any problem with which this specification is concerned.
Water for city-, town- or other relatively highly populated- suburban communities is generally provided by means of large scale reticulation systems where water is collected in dams and distributed to users. For more rural communities, users themselves provide for independent water collection by means of tanks which collect water off roofs or other surfaces.
With the apparent current decreasing rainfall in catchment areas where Government-owned dams are sited, greater attention is now being given to collecting and storing rainwater on the afore-mentioned suburban properties to reduce reliance on reticulated water supplies.
Of course, water tanks to store rainwater from run-off from the roofs of houses, garages and the like are well known. Larger tanks are usually cylindrical in shape and manufactured from plastic, steel or concrete. These larger tanks, because of their size and shape, usually require some form of bedding of sand, crusher dust or concrete for support and occupy significant ground area. Where ground area is at a premium, an alternative, smaller tank, usually rectangular in shape, can be positioned against the wait of a building under the roof eaves. These smaller tanks are usually supported on a raised platform.
However, the physical size of the larger tanks often preclude their use on a suburban property and, if the smaller-type tank is used, only a relatively low volume of rainwater can be collected and stored at any given time.
Further, even if a rainwater collecting tank is installed on a property serviced by a reticulated water supply, the subsequent use of that rainwater is by a system independent of the reticulated water supply and the user has to make a conscious decision to select the rainwater in preference to the reticulated water. However, the ease of use of a reticulated supply usually means that the rainwater is not always utilized when it is available and once the rainwater tank is full subsequent rain cannot be collected and is thus wasted until such time as the user depletes the quantity of rainwater already stored. Also, if the rainwater in a tank is not used for a period of time, it may stagnate and be rendered unsafe for future domestic use.
It would thus be advantageous if properties serviced by a reticulated water supply and a rainwater holding tank could utilize any available rainwater automatically and before, or at least concurmntly with, accessing the reticulated supply in any significant volume.
A prior art attempt to provide this advantage is the RAINBANK® Automatic Rainwater Harvest controller manufactured by Davey Water Products Pty Ltd. This controller is an electrically powered pump plumbed into the pipes that provide reticulated water for toilet and laundry applications. When, for example, a washing machine is activated or a toilet is flushed, the system detects this demand and automatically checks to see if there is sufficient water in the rainwater storage tank. If there is sufficient rainwater, the system switches to this source, completes the demand cycle and then switches off.
However, there are a number of disadvantages of such a system which include:
such a pump is relatively expensive to manufacture and purchase;
the pump is electrically operated and is thus increasing the power consumption of the property on which it is operating; the focus in today's society Is to reduce energy consumption; any savings in the use of reticulated water may be offset by this increased energy consumption;
an electrically operated pump is noisy in operation which can be annoying to neighbours in a highly populated suburban area;
detection of available rainwater in a tank is usually by a float switch which requires a certain level of water present to activate that switch; the ever-presence of this required minimum level reduces the capacity to collect further rainwater;
an electrically operated pump requires regular and usually specialized maintenance and repairs thus leading to increased costs to the user of such a pump;
in the event of an electrical power cut, the afore-mentioned RAINBANK ( S ) pump automatically limits water to the reticulated water supply; as a power cut often occurs during rain storms and the like, if the rainwater tank happened to be full at the time of the power cut, there is a potential for additional rainwater to go to waste rather than be collected for use later; and
further, some users are concerned at the use of "untreated" rainwater for household purposes such as the laundry, as well as the shower, bath or kitchen sink (where drinking water is often sourced); thus they do not wish for tank water to be mixed with the primary Incoming reticulated water supply for use for all household purposes; it is possible to limit the use of tank water to a particular requirement such as solely flushing of the toilet, for example, by plumbing separate prior art devices at the required locations, but this is Inconvenient and clearly adds to the aforementioned disadvantage of Increasing expense.
It is thus a general object of the present invention to overcome, or at least ameliorate, one or more of the above-mentioned disadvantages.
In this regard, the present inventor was aware that a non-powered device such as a venturi could be used In an arrangement to mix reticulated water with a second source of non-pressurized water, an example being an aqueous fertilizer solution which is held in a container secured at or near the end of a garden hose which, when reticulated water is flowing through the hose, results in the fertilizer solution being drawn up through the venturi to mix with the reticulated water as It is sprayed onto a lawn, flower bed or the like. However, to those skilled in the art, it was considered that a venturi can only operate in such an environment because the reticulated water pressure downstream of, but very close to, the venturi drops essentially to ambient pressure; at higher pressures, the "back" pressure along the hose would be too great such that there Is insufficient differential for the venturi to operate and draw water from the second source and, therefore, such a venturi could not be used In the environment to which this invention relates. Nevertheless, the instant inventor has surprisingly discovered that a certain construction which may include a vβnturi can operate in any required reticulated water pressure environment irrespective of the relative location of that venturi to the eventual exit of that reticulated water to achieve the above-mentioned general object of the present invention.
Thus, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device to combine fluid held in a first source at a first pressure with flowing fluid from a second source flowing at greater than said first pressure; said device including:
a hollow body adapted to be connected at one end to incoming said second source of fluid, its other end being adapted to subsequently distribute said incoming fluid for its required use after passing through said body;
communication means between said body adapted to allow any fluid held in said first source to pass Into said hollow body when required; and
a pressure differential means within said hollow body such that, upon activation of said flowing fluid, any fluid held in said first source is drawn into said hollow body through said communication means to combine with said incoming fluid from said second source to exit at said other end of said hoilow body;
wherein, said pressure differential means includes (a) a first restriction means through which said flowing fluid first passes, adapted to provide a differential pressure between its inlet and outlet and (b) a second restriction means through which said flowing fluid exiting from said outlet of said first restriction means passes, adapted to provide a differential pressure between its inlet and outlet;
characterized in that turbulence of said flowing fluid is substantially reduced as It passes through said second restriction means.
Preferably, said turbulence is reduced by ensuring substantially laminar flow of said flowing fluid as it passes through said second restriction means.
Said first restriction means may be adjustable positlonally within said hollow body.
Said first restriction means may be reversibly removable from said hollow body.
Said second restriction means may be adjustable positionally within said hollow body.
Said second restriction means may be reversibly removable from said hollow body.
Said first restriction means and said second restriction means may be independently adjustable positlonally within said hollow body.
Preferably, said first restriction means is a jet.
Preferably, said second restriction means is a venturi.
Said hollow body and said communication means may be an integral unit. Said hollow body and said communication means may be reversibly connected together.
Said device may Include a non-return valve, said valve preventing fluid from said second source entering the storage means for said fluid held in said first source.
Preferably, each of said fluid is a liquid.
Preferably, said liquid is water.
As a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method to combine fluid held in a first source at a first pressure with flowing fluid from a second source flowing at greater than said first pressure, whereby a device as hereinbefore described is fitted between an outlet of said second source of fluid and an outlet of said first source of fluid.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein
FiG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a device constructed in accordance with the present Invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 1 along the axis A-A; and
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device of FIGS. 1 & 2 Identifying the dimensions (mm) of the various features of the device. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 & 2, the device (1 ) comprises a hollow substantially T- shaped body (2), having a first threaded Inlet (3) and a first threaded outlet (4). The integral hollow leg (6) of the T-body (2) terminates with a second threaded inlet (7).
By the use of any suitably complementary threaded adaptor (8) and locking connector (9) well known in the art, a hose or pipe (10) leading from a source TW of tank water can be connected to the inlet (7).
The internal bore (11) of a hollow cylindrical body (12) is threaded at one end to which a complementary threaded jet (13) is removably attached. By the use of any suitable adaptor (14), otlve (15) and locking connector (16) well known in the art, the body (12) can be connected to the inlet (3). Similarly, by the use of any suitable adaptor(s) (17) well known in the art, the other end of the body (12) can be plumbed in to a source of reticulated water RW. The dimensions of the components (2,12,14,15,16) are such that the position of the body (12) can be varied along the longitudinal axis B-B before locking down, thus varying the position of the Jet (13) within the body (2). Further, construction is such that the reticulated water RW is restricted to pass through first the body (12) and then the jet (13).
The internal bore (18) of a hollow cylindrical body (19) incorporates a venturl (20). By the use of any suitable adaptor (21 ), olive (22) and locking connector
(23) well known in the art, the body (19) can be connected to the outlet (4).
Similarly, by the use of any suitable adaptor(s) (24) well known In the art the other end of the body (19) can be plumbed back in to the piping associated with the source of reticulated water. The dimensions of the components (2, 19,24) are such that the position of the body (19) can be varied along the longitudinal axis B-B before locking down, thus varying the position of the veπturi (20) within the body (2). Further, construction is such that the reticulated water RW, and any tank water TW within the body (2), is restricted to pass through the venturi (20) when the device (1) Is In operation.
The various components of the device (1) can be manufactured from any suitable materials known in the art, including metal and plastics materials.
The device (1 ) may be installed at, or in ctose proximity to, a rainwater storage tank or it may be positioned closer to the actual source of intended use, for example, close to plumbing associated with a cistern for a toilet. The dimensions and positioning of the components for the device illustrated in FIG. 3 are sufficient for the present device to function when a toilet cistern is activated.
In use, upon activating the flow of reticulated water (for example, by flushing a toilet cistern), the flow of reticulated water RW into the body (2) is restricted by passing through the jet (13). As the pressure within the body (2) Is consequently lowered at the exit of the jet (13), any rainwater TW is drawn from the rainwater tank through the hose or pipe (10) into the body (2) to be combined with the reticulated water RW in the body (2) before passing through the venturi (20).
By adjusting the dimensions and/or positioning of the jet (13) and/or venturi (20) and/or internal dimensions of one or more of the bodies (2,12,19), the pressure differential between the water as it enters the venturi (20) and as it exits the venturi (20) can be selected to provide the most efficient performance for the device (1).
In this regard, although not wishing to be bound by theory, it is postulated that the success of the present invention may be attributed to the maintenance of substantially laminar flow of, for example, the reticulated water F as it passes through the veπturi (20) (FIQ. 2), particularly if the reticulated water flows through the vβnturi (20) at a pressure/velocity and position such that the water remains detached from the internal walls of the venturi (20). As incoming tank water TW enters the body (2) and occupies the annulus around the stream F, the flow of the combined waters also remains substantially laminar, thus reducing turbulence and maintaining a greater pressure differential between the back pressure and the pressure of the combined water flow entering the venturi.
The present invention offers a number of advantages which include:
may be plumbed permanently into a reticulated water supply or be retrofitted reversibly to an existing, for example, the outlet tap of a rainwater tank;
no moving parts for operational function, thus reducing maintenance costs;
by appropriate selection of one or more component(s), the required pressure differential can be obtained for any particular circumstance;
automatic in operation, only requiring a storage of rain water to function; and
is silent in operation and thus very suitable for suburban environments.
It will be appreciated that the above described embodiment iβ only an exemplification of the various aspects of the present invention and that modifications and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the inventive concept as defined in the following claims.
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