The invention relates to a dressing for the control of severe bleeding that occurs in particular in injuries of the chest and the abdominal cavity incurred as a result of penetrating wounds, such as stab and gunshot wounds, as well as lacerated and incised wounds. The dressing is designed in particular to provide first aid to persons in whom the above wounds with severe bleeding have been found and it may constitute equipment of uniformed and rescue services as well as equipment of home and vehicle first aid kits.

The prior art discloses different types of dressings for dressing one's own wounds or providing first aid, which consist of an adhesive layer suitable for affixing to the skin and an absorbent material to which antimicrobial or medicinal agents have been applied. The adhesive side and the absorbent material are usually secured with a removable protective layer. Dressings of this type are effective for minor bleeding whereas, for more intense bleeding, tourniquets placed above a wound are additionally used, which are applicable only in the case of upper or lower limb injuries. In the case of trunk wounds the use of a tourniquet is impossible; therefore dressings held by an elastic bandage are used to control bleeding. One problem connected with this type of dressings, which occurs when providing first aid, is ensuring an adequate pressure force, as well as place, considering the lack of penetration inside a wound where the bleeding site is located.

There are also known individual dressings designed, among others, for the army, which are composed of an absorbent material, such as cotton or gauze, and an elastic bandage and, optionally, a tourniquet. Dressings of this type are generally placed in a waterproof packaging. Although the dressing is protected from humidity, its application is difficult due to reasons mentioned in the previous example.

Bleeding can also be quickly controlled with the use of coagulant substances which are sprinkled onto a wound or which are placed in a gauze pad which is subsequently pressed hard to the wound. One disadvantage of this type of agents is that they may penetrate with the blood into the organism thus causing unnecessary and dangerous blood coagulation increasing the risk of cerebral strokes and myocardial infarction.

As can be seen from the above examples, there is still a problem arising when first aid is provided to an injured person in cases where it is necessary to control severe bleeding from a wound located in the chest or the abdominal cavity. Control of bleeding while the injured person is transported to hospital is of key importance for his life, since excessive loss of blood may lead to his death before proper aid is provided.

The prior art also discloses dressings for long-lasting would healing which are adapted to cooperate with stationary and portable devices generating, by means of electric pumps, negative pressure in the wound being healed. In dressings of this type there are embedded terminals for mounting ends of conduits of a device generating negative pressure. The method of wound healing with the use of negative pressure is generally long-lasting and consists in generating negative pressure in a wound by means of a suction pump and removing wound exudate containing irrigation fluids and physiological salines ??, as well as wound secretion and infectious substances, which accelerates the process of wound healing. This technique proved to be effective in healing chronic wounds in particular and is carried out in wounds in which there is no bleeding. It is used mainly in ischaemic wounds i.e. in wounds with poor blood supply. It should be emphasized that such a method and devices used therefor are applicable only in laboratory and hospital conditions due to the fact that the apparatus used for this purpose is stationary and the application of such a dressing and monitoring of the therapy requires service by specialised medical stuff.

For example, there is a negative pressure wound therapy device known under the trade name RENASYS EZ MAX, which is designed for use by a trained medical practitioner or under his guidance. The device constitutes a set consisting of a sterile dressing applied to a wound, which is connected, by means of conduits, with a suction pump equipped with monitoring systems which discharges wound exudates to a separate container. The device is mains-operated or powered from a battery. Such a device is not suitable for carrying and may be used only in ambulatory or hospital conditions.

Patent description of WO2010144262 discloses a portable wound therapy dressing with a portable pump powered from a battery and a collection canister for exudate fluid, equipped with a number of monitoring and control sensors.

Chinese utility model description of CN202699441U1 discloses a device for negative pressure wound therapy wherein a pipe for draining exudates is used which, at one end, has flow-through holes and is coated with medical foam, and at the other end, it has a three-way end pipe to be connected with respective flow-through conduits.

All above-mentioned dressings for wound therapy are not suitable for use as portable dressings intended for the control of severe bleeding when providing first aid.

The purpose of the present invention is to work out a dressing for the control of severe bleeding which may constitute a portable equipment of a person exposed to potential injuries and which may be used by the injured person himself or by a person providing first aid to the wounded person.

It has been fund out unexpectedly that negative pressure generated in a wound may also be used to control bleeding when providing first aid. For this purpose, a new structure of a portable dressing has been worked out which makes it possible to generate negative pressure in a wound, on the site where first aid is provided to the injured person without the use of additional apparatus that requires stationary power supply or a battery.

A dressing for the control of severe bleeding comprising a self-adhesive film secured with a removable protective layer and an absorbent wound filling which connects with the film when applying the dressing according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a pump connected with a separator whose one outlet is ended with a choke, and the remaining two outlets are connected with the pump and a conduit pipe which is further connected with a next choker, wherein thee second end of said choker is connected with a conduit pipe which leads through a bracing holder and a hole in the self-adhesive film, wherein the conduit pipe has perforation holes circumferentially disposed in the section thereof designed to be placed in the wound. Preferably, the pump comprises a substantially cylindrical housing inside of which there is located a slidable piston. Preferably, the housing on the side of the separator is narrowed and fits the outlet of the separator. Preferably, the housing on the side of the piston is ended with protrusions. Preferably, the pump is made of a plastic. Preferably, the pump produces low pressure in a wound, from 70 to 90 mmHg. Preferably, the size of the perforation holes is selected taking into account blood flow parameters.

The solution according to the invention makes it possible to easily and quickly control bleeding. Due to negative pressure generated in a wound, the wound contracts and at the same time bleeding vessels are closed when the injured person is transported to hospital. The device does require additional power supply since it is operated manually. The dressing may be closed in a waterproof packaging if it is intended for the army. The small size and small weight thereof make it possible to carry the dressing as a portable dressing. Another advantage of such a dressing is that the wounded person may apply it himself.

The solution according to the invention is presented in the drawing wherein Fig. 1 shows a half-view of a half-section (a half-section view? of an exemplary disposable dressing, Fig 2. shows an exemplary applicator for placing an absorbent material in a wound, and Fig. 3 shows a wound closed with the dressing.

In the embodiment, an individual dressing comprises a pump 1, a separator 2 with a choker 3, a conduit pipe 4, a choker 5, a conduit pipe 6 with perforation and a self-adhesive film 7. The pump 1 is made of plastic and consists of a housing 1.1 with a cylindrically shaped pumping chamber and a piston 1.2. The pump 1 operates on the principle of a pneumatic suction and force pump. The housing 1.1 on the outside may be formed in an arbitrary way, in particular such that the pump 1 can be conveniently held and air can be pumped. The housing 1.1 on the side of the separator 2 is narrowed and connected with the outlet 2.1 of the separator 2. The second outlet 2.2 of the separator 2 is connected with the choker 3, and the third outlet 2.3 of the separator 2 is connected with a flexible conduit pipe 4, which is connected with the choker 5 on the other side. The other end of the choker 5 is connected with a flexible conduit pipe 6, which leads through bracing holder 8 and a hole in the self-adhesive film 7; the conduit pipe 6, in the section thereof designed to be placed in the wound, has circumferentially arranged perforation holes 9 the size of which is selected taking into account blood flow parameters.

The separator 2 is connected with the flexible conduit 4 in a detachable manner, for example, by means of threaded end parts. The adhesive layer of the self- adhesive film 7 is secured by a removable protective layer 10.

The dressing is applied in such a way that an absorbent material 12, preferably in the form a surgical sponge or gauze, in placed in a bleeding wound by means of an applicator 11 of an arbitrary construction. Fig. 2 shows an exemplary applicator 11 in the form a small piston located in a cylindrical housing which pushes a ready-made septic absorbent material 12, which can be additionally soaked with a disinfecting substance few.: disinfectant ^" !, packed into said housing, but in other embodiments it may also be forceps, and the absorbent material 12 may be packed separately. After the wound has been initially prepared in such a way, the piston 1.2 of the pump 1 moves to a stop pumping out the air from the pump 1 through the choke 3 and the perforated end of the conduit pipe 6 is placed in the applied absorbent material 12. Then, the protective layer 10 is removed from the self- adhesive film 7 and the dressing is tightly attached to the skin. The film 7 simultaneously holds the absorbent material 12. Then, the piston 1.2 is firmly displaced in the housing 1.1 of the pump 1 and the air from the wound is sucked in thus causing contraction of the wound and blood vessels. The pumping is carried out with a maximum force to achieve negative pressure of 70 to 90 mmHg in the wound. The choker 5 prevents backflow of the air, whereas the choker 3 releases the sucked in air. After this operation the pump 1 and the separator 2 may be disconnected and the wounded person may be taken to hospital. The perforation holes 9 in the conduit pipe 6 must be sufficiently large so that blood does not clot on the perforation due to difficult flow.