SMITH, Martin (11 Hopkinson Place, Kirk MerringtonSpennymoor, Durham DL16 7JJ, GB)
LAWRANCE, Neil (110 Addycombe Terrace, HeatonNewcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE6 5SQ, GB)
SMITH, Martin (11 Hopkinson Place, Kirk MerringtonSpennymoor, Durham DL16 7JJ, GB)
| CLAIMS 1 . A drive mechanism for actuating a movable element comprising an actuating means configured to drive a movable element between a first position and a second position, and any position there between, when driven by a rotatable drive means whereby the rotatable drive means is configured not to have any driving effect on the actuating means thereby driving the movable element beyond the first position or second position. 2. A drive mechanism according to claim 1 wherein the the drive means is configured to be continuously rotatable in a first direction such that, as it is rotated in a first direction, the drive means drives the actuating means until the movable element reaches the first position and then the drive means slips relative to the actuating means when the movable element is in the first position. 3. A drive mechanism according to claims 1 or 2 wherein the drive means is configured to be continuously rotatable in a second direction such that, as it is rotated in the second direction, the drives means drives the actuating means until the movable element reaches the second position and then the drive means slips relative to the actuating means when the movable element is in the second position. 4. A drive mechanism according to any preceding claim wherein rotatable drive means and actuating means are connected via a slip clutch mechanism. 5. A drive mechanism according to claim 4 wherein the slip clutch mechanism transmits torque by magnetic force. 6. A drive mechanism according to claim 4 wherein the slip clutch includes biasing means. 7. A movable element assembly comprising a movable element, a support frame and a drive mechanism according to any preceding claim wherein the movable element is movably mounted in the support frame and the driving mechanism is configured to drive the movable element such that it can translate within the support frame between a first position and second position, and any position there between. 8. A window unit including a movable element assembly according to claim 7. 9. A door including a movable element assembly according to claim 7. |
The present invention relates to a drive mechanism for actuating a movable element. The present invention also relates to a movable element assembly comprising the said drive mechanism.
For the purposes of this document, a movable element may be considered to be any panel-like member that is configured to move between a first position and a second position and to any position there between. The movable element may be configured to translate laterally (i.e. slide) between a first position and a second position and to any position there between. Alternatively, the movable element may be configured to translate pivotally (i.e. swing) between a first position and a second position and to any position there between. The movable element may be a closure panel-like member, such as a window or a door, which can slide or swing between a closed position and an open position. The movable element may be configured to move in a substantially vertical direction or along a substantially vertical plane. Alternatively, the movable element may be configured to move in a substantially horizontal direction or along a substantially horizontal plane.
Background of the Invention
It is well known that a movable element may be actuated by manually pushing or pulling the movable element in a given direction such that it slides or swings between a first and second position. So as to reduce the effort required to push or pull a movable element, a movable element may be actuated using a manually operable or electronically controlled drive mechanism. A manually operable drive mechanism typically includes a manually operable handle coupled to a movable element via actuating means whereby the handle must be rotated/moved in one direction to activate the actuating means and thereby move the moving element towards a first position and rotated/moved in the opposite direction to activate the actuating means and thereby move the moving element towards a second position. The actuating means typically comprises gear means to drive and essentially control the motion of the moving element. Conventionally, the drive means comprises a rack and pinion system. Unfortunately, the actuation of the movable element is somewhat restricted or limited using this type of manually operable drive mechanism. Moreover, the drive mechanism is susceptible to failure, particularly if the handle is
rotated/moved too far in any given direction.
Remotely controlled electronic drive mechanisms for actuating a movable element are both unduly complex and expensive to manufacture and maintain. Hence these types of drive mechanisms are only really suitable for the high-end sector of the market.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention seeks to obviate or mitigate at least some of the aforesaid disadvantages and provide for an improved driving mechanism for actuating a movable element. The present invention also seeks to provide an improved movable element assembly, such as an assembly comprising a door with a glazing assembly or window, which overcomes at least some of the aforesaid disadvantages.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a drive mechanism for actuating a movable element comprising an actuating means configured to drive a movable element between a first position and a second position, and any position there between, when driven by a rotatable drive means whereby the rotatable drive means is configured not to have any driving effect on the actuating means thereby driving the movable element beyond the first position or second position.
The drive mechanism for actuating a movable element comprises: an actuating means configured to drive a movable element between a first position and a second position, and any position there between, when driven by a rotatable drive means;
whereby the drive means is configured to be continuously rotatable in a first direction such that, as it is rotated in a first direction, the drive means drives the actuating means until the movable element reaches the first position and then the drive means slips relative to the actuating means when the movable element is in the first position; and the drive means is configured to be continuously rotatable in a second direction such that, as it is rotated in the second direction, the drives means drives the actuating means until the movable element reaches the second position and then the drive means slips relative to the actuating means when the movable element is in the second position.
The drive mechanism for actuating a movable element comprises:
an actuating means configured to drive a movable element between a first position and a second position, and any position there between, when driven by a rotatable drive means; the drive means configured to be continuously rotatable in the first position and the second position whereby:
when rotated in the first direction, the drive means will only drive the actuating means until the movable element reaches the first position; and when rotated in the second direction, the drive means will only drive the actuating means until the movable element reaches the second position.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a movable element assembly comprising a movable element, a support frame and a driving mechanism as defined in the first aspect of the invention whereby the movable element is movably mounted in the support frame and the driving mechanism is configured to drive the sliding element such that it can translate within the support frame between a first position and second position, and any position there between, as the drive means is operated.
The first aspect of the invention relates to a drive mechanism suitable for actuating a movable element. The drive mechanism comprises a rotatable drive means and an actuating means. The rotatable drive means is configured to drive the actuating means, which in turn is configured to drive a movable element between a first position and second position, and any position there between, as required.
If the movable element is a sliding closure such as a sliding window panel or sliding door then the first position may equate to a closed position and the second position may equate to a fully open position. Likewise, if the movable element is a pivoting closure such as a pivoting window panel or pivoting door then the first position may equate to a closed position and the second position may equate to a fully open position. The drive mechanism is suitable for actuating a movable element such that it is able to move (i.e. slide or swing) between a first position and a second position in any predetermined direction. The direction of translation is dependent on the type and configuration of the movable element. For example, the drive mechanism may be configured to actuate a sliding window panel such that it is able to translate laterally in a substantially vertical direction (i.e. slide substantially upwardly and downwardly) between a closed position and a fully open position. The drive mechanism may be configured to actuate a sliding window panel such that it is able to translate laterally in a substantially horizontal direction (i.e. slide
substantially side to side) between a closed position and fully open position. The drive mechanism may be configured to actuate a pivotally hinged door panel such that it is able to pivot about a substantially vertical axis between a closed position and a fully open position. Alternatively, the drive mechanism may be configured to actuate a pivotally hinged window panel such that it is able to pivot about a substantially horizontal axis between a closed position and a fully open position.
It will be understood by a skilled person in the art that the drive
mechanism may be configured to actuate one or more movable elements. The drive mechanism may comprise one or more drive means. Each drive means may be configured to drive one or more actuating means. Each actuating means may be configured to drive one or more movable elements.
The drive means is configured to rotate in a first direction and a second direction (e.g. a clockwise and anti-clockwise direction). When rotated in a first direction, the drive means is configured to activate the actuating means so as to drive the movable element towards the first position. When rotated in the second direction, the drive means is configured to activate the actuating means so as to drive the movable element towards the second position.
A slip clutch mechanism is therefore provided between rotatable drive means and actuating means.
In a conventional drive mechanism any continued rotation of the drive means in the same direction, once the movable element has reached the first position/second position, may damage component parts of the drive means and/or the actuating means (e.g. shafts, gear boxes, couplings etc.) and may ultimately lead to the failure of the drive mechanism.
Unfortunately, the over rotation of a drive mechanism is a common problem. Due to the nature of the rotational drive mechanisms, it is easy to accidentally or intentionally over rotate and thereby damage a drive mechanism. Moreover, the inertia of the rotating drive means may lead to over rotation of a drive mechanism.
Significantly, the drive mechanism of the present invention is configured such that the drive means may be continuously rotated in the same direction even when the movable element has reached the first
position/second position. This is achieved by configuring the drive mechanism such that when the movable element is in the first position, the drive means may continue to be rotated in the first direction without having any driving effect on the actuating means. Likewise, the drive mechanism is configured such that when the movable element is in the second position, the drive means may continue to be rotated in the second direction without having any driving effect on the actuating means.
By configuring the drive mechanism as such, the risk of mechanical failure due to the over rotation of the drive means is minimised or avoided. The drive mechanism of the present invention is therefore more robust and tamper-proof because it can not damaged by the over rotation of the drive means in the same way as the conventional drive mechanism. (For the purposes of this document, the term "over rotation" is to be understood to mean continued rotation of the drive means in the first direction once the movable element has reached the first position or the continued rotation of the drive means in the second direction once the movable element has reached the second position.)
The rotatable drive means comprises a rotatable first drive member and a rotatable second drive member. The first member is essentially a rotatable input shaft and the second member is essentially a rotatable output shaft. The drive means comprises releasable coupling means to releasably couple the first drive member and the second drive member. When coupled together, the first drive member and second drive member are configured such that when the first drive member is rotated, the second drive member transmits the rotation of the first member to the actuation means. Hence, depending on the direction of rotation of the first drive member, the movable element may be driven towards the first position or towards the second position. When decoupled, the first drive member and second drive member are configured such that the first drive member rotates freely or "slips" relative to the second drive member. Accordingly, no driving action of the second drive member, and thereby the actuating means, is achieved.
So as to achieve the actuating effect, the coupling force provided by the releasable coupling means must be sufficient to couple and maintain a driving contact between the first drive member and the second drive member of the drive means such that the actuating means and thereby movable element may be actuated. In other words, the coupling force provided by the releasable coupling means is greater than the force (e.g. torque) required to drive the actuating means and thereby move the movable element to the first position or second position and any position there between.
So as to achieve the continuous rotation effect, the rotational driving force applied to the first drive member when the movable element has reached the first position/second position must be sufficient to overcome the coupling force such that the first drive member and second drive member are decoupled and the first drive member can rotate freely or slip relative to the second drive member. In other words, the rotational driving force applied to the first drive member when the movable element has reached the first position/second position must be greater than the coupling force of the coupling means so as to release the coupling means and thereby prevent/hinder/impede any actuating effect.
The releasable coupling means may comprise any suitable releasable coupling means that are known in the art. For example, the releasable coupling means may comprises releasable male and female cooperating parts or magnetic means.
In an embodiment of the invention, the releasable coupling means are magnetic means. The first drive member comprises first magnetic means and the second drive member comprises second, opposing magnetic means. The first drive member and second drive member are magnetically coupled together via the first magnetic means and the second magnetic means. The magnetic force between the first magnetic means and the second magnetic means is greater than the force (torque) required to activate the actuating means and move the movable element. In other words, the magnetic force between the first magnetic means and the second magnetic means is sufficient to magnetically couple and maintain a driving contact between the first drive member and the second drive member such that the actuating means can be driven to move the movable element to the first position or the second position or any position there between. The first drive member preferably comprises a shaft portion and a head portion. The second drive member preferably comprises a shaft portion and a head portion. The first magnetic means are preferably mounted in or housed within the head portion of the first drive member. Likewise, the second magnetic means are preferably mounted or housed within the head portion of the second drive member. In an embodiment of the invention, the first magnetic means may comprise four magnets (M1 , M2, M3, M4). A magnet may be arranged in each quadrant of the head portion. The magnets (M1 , M2, M3, M4) may be arranged such that the North pole of every magnet faces outwardly from an end surface of the head portion. The second magnetic means may also comprises four magnets (M5, M6, M7, M8). A magnet is arranged in each of the quadrants of the head portion. So as to provide a coupling effect, the magnets (M5, M6, M7, M8) are arranged such that the South poles face outwardly from an end surface of the head portion. Alternatively, the magnets (M5, M6, M7, M8) may be arranged such that they have a repulsive rather than coupling effect. It will be understood that the poles of the magnets are
interchangeable.
The magnets are may be any suitable permanent magnets, having any suitable shape, size and strength. In the embodiment depicted, the magnets are permanent magnets made from Samarium Cobalt. The magnets are substantially tubular in shape having a diameter of
approximately 10mm and a depth of approximately 10mm. The magnetic force provided by each magnet is sufficient to lift a weight of approximately 1 .3kg.
The first drive member and second drive member is arranged such that the end surfaces of the respect head portions are adjacent. The end surfaces of the head portions may be in mating contacting. Alternatively, there may be a small air gap between the end surfaces so as to minimise any damage to the magnets as the first drive member rotates or slips with respect to the second drive member.
A guide means is preferably provided to help align the first drive member with respect to the second drive member. The guide means may be a support pin that extends axially between the first drive member and the second drive member.
Housing means are preferably provided to house at least the head portions of the drive means and thereby protect the magnetic means.
The drive means may be a manually operable drive means. The drive means may comprise a manually operable handle. The handle may be arranged in driving contact with the shaft portion of the first drive member. In the embodiment depicted, a manually rotatable handle is mounted on the shaft portion of the first drive member. The handle is configured to rotate in a first direction and second direction (clockwise direction and anticlockwise direction). The handle may alternatively or additionally be a remotely controllable handle requiring remote control means. The remote control means may comprise an conventional electronic control means. The electronic control means may comprise motor means to rotationally drive the handle in accordance with operator instructions.
The handle preferably comprises a tamper-proof configuration so as to prevent, minimise or restrict any failure of the handle caused by accidental or intentional damage. The handle may optionally or additionally comprise an anti-ligature configuration so as to prevent, minimise or restrict the attachment or a ligature. In an embodiment of the invention, the handle may be a manually operable tamper-proof and anti-ligature handle having an outer surface comprising recessed portions configured to define a centrally located protruding portion that may be grasped easily and operated by an user.
Alternatively, the drive means may be remotely operable drive means. For example, the drive means may further comprise a remotely controllable motor means to directly rotate the shaft portion of the first drive member in a first direction and a second direction and the drive mechanism may comprise control means to remotely control the rotation of the first drive member.
The actuating means is configured to drive the movable element between a first position and a second position and any position there between, depending on the direction and extent of the rotation of the first drive member. The actuating means comprises any actuating means that are suitable for driving a movable element. The actuating means are dependent on the nature of the movable element and type of translation of the movable element. The actuating means preferably comprises a gear system. The actuating means may comprise a rack and pinion system to laterally translate a movable element. In an embodiment of the invention, the actuating means comprises a pinion gear and a rack gear. The pinion gear is mounted on the shaft portion of the second drive member and the rack gear is coupled to the movable member. The teeth of the pinion gear are configured to mesh with the corresponding teeth of the rack gear. Accordingly, as the first drive member is rotated, the pinion gear is rotated via the second drive member such that it is driven along the rack gear and thereby moves the movable element in a sliding action towards a first position or a second position depending on the direction of rotation. The actuating means is configured such that the actuating action is restricted, inhibited or impeded when the movable element reaches a predetermined first position or second position. In a conventional drive mechanism, any further rotation of the drive means may damage the rack and pinion system when the movable element has reached the first position/second position. However, due to the releasable coupling means of the drive means, the first drive member may continue to be rotated in the same direction without having any driving effect on the second drive member and therefore the pinion gear. Thus, the drive means may be continuously rotated in the same direction without causing any over rotation type failure of the drive means and actuating means. In an alternative embodiment of the invention the actuating means may be suitable for pivoting a movable element. In this particular embodiment, the actuating means comprises a linking arm which is configured to be pivotally driven along a guide track. The drive means are configured such that the linking arm may be driven along the guide track in a first direction so as to move the movable element towards a first position. Likewise, the drive means are configured such that the linking arm may be alternatively be driven in the opposite second direction so as to move the movable element towards the second position. Due to the releasble coupling means of the drive means, the drive means may continue to be rotated even when the linking arm has reached the first position or second position. The drive means will merely slip relative to the actuating means and have not actuating effect. Thus, the drive means may be continously rotated in the same direction without causing any over rotation type failure of the drive means and actuating means.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a movable element assembly comprising a movable element, a support frame and a driving mechanism as defined in the first aspect of the invention whereby the movable element is movably mounted in the support frame and the driving mechanism is configured to drive the sliding element such that it can translate within the support frame between a first position and second position, and any position there between, as the drive means is operated.
The movable element may mounted within the support frame such that it may be translated laterally or pivotally (i.e. slide or swing) within the support frame between a first position and a second position and any position there between. The drive mechanism is configured to drive the movable element between the first position and the second position and any position there between as required.
In exemplary embodiments of a movable element assembly according to the second aspect of the invention, the drive mechanism is mountable within the support frame. The movable element may be a closure element such as a window panel or door, whereby the first position may equate to a fully open position and the second position may equate to a closed position. An opening aperture is formed as the movable element moves from a closed position to an open position. It will be understood that the size and shape of the opening aperture varies continuously as the movable element moves within the support frame. The opening aperture is deemed to have a maximum size and shape when the movable element is in the fully open position. The drive mechanism is suitable for actuating a movable element such that it is able to translate laterally (i.e. slide) or translate pivotally (e.g. swing) between a first position and a second position in any
predetermined direction. The direction and extent of translation is dependent on the configuration and type of the movable element. For example, if the movable element is a sliding door, then the sliding door is preferably configured to translate laterally within a door frame in a substantially horizontally direction (i.e. from side to side) between a closed position and a fully open position. If the movable element is a sliding car window panel then the sliding window panel is preferably configured to translate laterally within a window frame in a substantially vertical direction (i.e. upwardly and downwardly) between a closed position and a fully open position. Alternatively, a sliding window panel (e.g. a sliding window panel for domestic uses) may be configured to translate laterally within a window frame in a substantially horizontal direction (i.e. slide from side to side) between a closed position and a fully open position. A pivoting window patent may be configured to swing within a window frame about a vertical axis or a horizontal axis.
The assembly may comprise one or more sliding elements mounted in the support frame. Likewise, the assembly may comprise one or more drive mechanisms whereby each drive mechanism is configured to drive one or more sliding element.
The sliding element preferably has a panel-like structure with a peripheral edge - a lower edge, upper edge and two side edges. The sliding element has an inner side and an outer side.
The support frame may be configured to receive at least a part of a peripheral edge of the movable element.
If the movable element is a sliding element, preferably the sliding element is slidably mounted on a sliding track via at least one reliable member so as to aid the sliding motion of the sliding element within the support frame. The movable element may comprise a glazing unit. The glazing unit preferably comprises at least one pane of security glass in order to prevent or minimise the breakage of or damage to the glazing unit.
The movable element assembly may further comprise a fixed element securely mounted in the support frame. The movable element may be configured to move relative to the fixed element, preferably across an outer side of the fixed element.
The fixed element may comprise a glazing unit. The glazing unit preferably comprises at least one pane of security glass.
The movable element assembly may further comprise a ventilation panel configured to extend across an opening aperture formed as the movable element moves to an open position. As a result, the ventilation panel will allow for ventilation (airflow) when the movable element is moved to an open position but restrict access via the opening aperture.
The movable element assembly may comprise a movable window panel, a fixed window panel, a ventilation panel, a support frame and a drive mechanism as defined according to the first aspect of the invention whereby the movable window panel is mounted to translate laterally within the support frame behind the fixed window panel and the ventilation panel, the drive mechanism is configured to drive the window panel between a closed position and a fully open position and any position there between and the ventilation panel is configured to extend across an opening aperture formed as the window panel is driven to an open position.
The movable element assembly may comprise a movable window panel, a fixed window panel, a ventilation panel, a support frame and a drive mechanism as defined according to the first aspect of the invention whereby the movable window panel is mounted to translate pivotally within the support frame towards a side of the fixed window panel and behind the ventilation panel, the drive mechanism is configured to drive the window panel between a closed position and a fully open position and any position there between and the ventilation panel is configured to extend across an opening aperture formed as the window panel is driven to an open position. The movable element assembly may be a security window assembly.
The descriptions above are intended to be illustrative and not limiting. It will be appreciated that modifications may be made to the invention as described and claimed below without departing from the scope of the invention. Throughout the description and claims of this document, the words "comprise" and "contain" and variations of the words, for example
"comprising" and "comprises", means "including but not limited to", and is not intended to (and does not) exclude other moieties, components, integers or steps.
Throughout the description and claims of this document, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context requires otherwise. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.
Features, integers, characteristics or groups described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith.
The present invention seeks to provide a slipping drive mechanism for actuating an opening or moving element comprising a rotatable handle and an actuating means whereby the rotatable handle is configured to drive the actuating means until the opening or moving element has reached its maximum or minimum location, for example, when a window is in the fully open or fully closed position. Once the opening or moving element is in this position, even if the rotatable handle is continuously rotated, it will only drive half of the actuating means, the half nearest the rotating handle, therefore not moving the opening or moving element any further and preventing the rotating handle, actuating means and gearing means being intentionally damaged. This will be the case until the rotating handle is rotated in the opposite direction, at this point it will drive both parts of the actuating means in the opposite direction, which will then drive the gearing means which will then move the opening or moving element. Thus, the risk of damaging or breaking the slipping drive mechanism, gearing means or handle by over rotating the handle is minimised or avoided.
The handle may be a manually rotatable handle. Alternatively, the handle may be a remotely controlled rotatable handle and the slipping drive mechanism may comprise a control means to remotely control the rotation of the handle.
Preferably the handle has a tamper-proof configuration so as to prevent, minimise or restrict the failure of the handle caused by deliberate or accidental damage. The handle may further or optionally have an anti- ligature configuration so as to prevent, minimise or restrict the attachment of a ligature.
The actuating means preferably comprises two housing blocks, a driving housing and a driven housing. Each housing block contains a set of magnets. For example, the driving containing all North Pole magnets, and the driven containing all South Pole magnets, or vice versa, or both housings containing a North and South pole magnet each.
The actuating means, as a whole, controls the movement of the gearing means, preferably in the form of a rack and pinion combination, with the actuating means being fixed to the pinion of the gearing means and the rack of the gearing means forming part of the opening or moving element.
So as to ensure that the two housing parts that make up the actuating means remain as one unit while the opening or moving element is being moved and is still free to move (e.g. a window not yet in the fully open or closed position) the magnetic force between the two sets of magnets needs to be greater than the force needed to drive the gearing means, and therefore move the opening or moving element from its first position to its second position and anywhere in between.
So as to achieve a slipping effect once the opening or moving element is in that fully open or closed position and the handle is continuously turned, the magnetic force between the two sets of magnets (one within the driving housing and one within the driven housing) needs to be less than the force used to rotate the rotating handle.
The slipping drive mechanism may comprise a body portion to restrict the access to the actuating means.
The present invention seeks to provide an opening or moving element assembly, for example a sliding window, a support frame and a slipping drive mechanism as defined in the first aspect of the invention whereby the opening or moving element is mounted in or on a support frame and the slipping drive mechanism is configured to drive the moving element such that it can translate laterally with the support frame between a first position and a second position, and any position there between, as the handle of the drive mechanism is rotated. The support frame may be configured to receive at least a part of a peripheral edge of the sliding element.
The sliding element is preferably slidably mounted on a sliding track via at least one rollable member so as to aid the sliding motion of the sliding element within the support frame. The handle of the drive mechanism is preferably configured to be visible and accessible via a first side of the assembly. For example, the handle is preferably configured to be visible and accessible via an inner side of the assembly.
The sliding element may comprise a glazing unit. The glazing unit preferably comprises at least one pane of security glass in order to prevent or minimise the breakage of or damage to the glazing unit.
The sliding element assembly may further comprise a fixed element securely mounted in the support frame. The opening or moving element may be configured to slide relative to the fixed element, preferably across an outer side of the fixed element.
The fixed element may comprise a glazing unit. The glazing unit preferably comprises at least one pane of security glass.
The sliding element assembly may further comprise a ventilation panel configured to extend across an opening aperture formed as the sliding element moves to an open position. As a result, the ventilation panel will allow for ventilation (airflow) when the sliding element is moved to an open position but restricted access via the opening aperture. The opening or moving element assembly may comprise a sliding window panel, a fixed window panel, a ventilation panel, a support frame and a drive mechanism as defined according to the first aspect of the invention whereby the sliding window panel is mounted to translate laterally within the support frame behind the fixed window panel and the ventilation panel, the slipping drive mechanism is configured to drive the sliding window panel between a closed position and a fully open position and any position there between as the handle of the drive mechanism is rotated and the ventilation panel is configured to extend across and opening aperture formed as the sliding window panel is driven to an open position.
The opening or moving element assembly may be a security window assembly.
Brief description of the drawings
For a better understanding of the invention and to show how it may be carried into effect reference shall now be made, by way of example only, to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 depicts a side view of the first embodiment of a slipping drive mechanism according to a first aspect of the invention.
Figure 2 depicts a sectional view of the slipping drive mechanism assembly of Figure 1 .
Figure 3 depicts several views of the first embodiment of the actuating means of Figure 1 according to the first aspect of the invention Figure 4 depicts a schematic view of the first embodiment of the actuating means of Figure 1 according to the first aspect of the invention
Figure 5 depicts a schematic view of a second embodiment of the actuating means of Figure 1 according to the first aspect of the invention Figure 6 depicts a transparent view of the inner side of an embodiment of a security window assembly incorporating an embodiment of a slipping drive mechanism according to a first aspect of the invention. Figure 7 depicts sectional views of the security window assembly incorporating an embodiment of a slipping drive mechanism according to a first aspect of the invention.
Figure 8 depicts a cross-sectional view of the slipping drive mechanism of Figure 1 assembled in a sliding window assembly.
Figure 9 depicts a schematic view of an actuating means of a second embodiment of a slipping drive mechanism according to a first aspect of the invention.
Figure 10 depicts a part-sectional view of the arrangement of Figure 8 in a first position.
Figure 1 1 depicts a part-sectional view of the arrangement of Figure 8 in a second position.
Figure 12 depicts a schematic view of the third embodiment of the actuating means of Figure 1 according to the first aspect of the invention. Figure 13 depicts a partial cutaway schematic view of the device of Figure 12.
Figure 14 depicts a side sectional view of the device of Fig. 12 with the two parts in engagement with one another. Figure 15 depicts a side sectional view of the device of Fig. 12 with the two parts slipping with respect to one another.
Figure 16 depicts a schematic view of the fourth embodiment of the actuating means of Figure 1 according to the first aspect of the invention.
Figure 17 depicts a schematic view of the fifth embodiment of the actuating means of Figure 1 according to the first aspect of the invention. Figure 18 depicts a side sectional view of the device of Fig. 17.
Figure 19 depicts an end sectional view of a sixth embodiment of the actuating means of Figure 1 with the two parts in engagement with one another.
Figure 20 depicts an end sectional view of the device of Figure 19 with the two parts slipping with respect to one another.
Figures 21 and 22 depict similar views to Figures 19 and 20 respectively, with a slightly modified sixth embodiment.
Figure 23 depicts a sectional view of a second embodiment of a slipping drive mechanism according to a first aspect of the invention. Figure 24 depicts a schematic view of an actuating means of a second embodiment of the slipping drive mechanism of Figure 23 according to a first aspect of the invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments The first aspect of the invention relates to a slipping drive mechanism (1 ) suitable for actuating an opening or moving element (2). The slipping drive mechanism (1 ) comprises a rotatable handle (3), an actuating means (4) and a gearing means (5). The rotatable handle (3) is configured to drive the actuating means (4), which in turn drives a gearing means (5), which in turn drives an opening or moving element (2) between a first position and second position, and any position there between, as required.
Significantly, once the opening or moving element (2) is in its fully open/closed position and the rotating handle (3) is continuously rotated in the same direction, the actuating means (4) or gearing means (5) will not be damaged. The actuating means (4) will slip, allowing the rotatable handle (3) to rotate freely.
If the opening or moving element (2) is a sliding closure such as a sliding window panel or sliding door then the first position may equate to a closed position and the second position may equate to a fully open position.
It will be understood by a skilled person in the art that the slipping drive mechanism (1 ) may be configured to actuate one or more opening or moving elements (2). The slipping drive mechanism (1 ) may comprise one or more rotatable handles (3). Each handle may be configured to drive one or more actuating means (4). Each actuating means (4) may be configured to drive one or more opening or moving elements (2). The rotatable handle (3) is configured to drive the actuating means (4) as it is rotated, which is then configured to drive the gearing means (5).
The handle (3) may be configured to drive the actuating means (4) via a rotatable driving shaft (6a). The handle (3) may be arranged in driving contact with a first portion of the driving shaft (6a) and the driven half of the actuating means (4b) may be arranged in driving contact with a second portion of the driven shaft (6b). In the embodiment of the slipping drive mechanism (1 ) depicted in Figure 2 the handle (3) is mounted on the first end portion of the driving shaft (6a), the driving part of the actuating means (4a) is held tight to the driven part of the actuating means (4b) via the magnetic field between the two parts and the driving gear (5a) of the gearing means (5) is mounted on the second end portion of the driven shaft (6b). Accordingly, the driving shaft (6a), actuating means (4), driven shaft (6b) and subsequently the first gear (5a) of the gearing means (5) rotate as the handle (3) rotates.
The handle (3) may be a manually rotatable handle or a remotely rotatable handle requiring remote control means. The remote control means may comprise any conventional electronic control means. The electronic control means may comprise motor means to rotationally drive the handle in accordance with operator instructions.
The handle (3) preferably comprises a tamper-proof configuration so as to prevent, minimise or restrict any failure of the handle caused by accidental or intentional damage to the handle. The handle may optionally or additionally comprise an anti-ligature configuration so as to prevent, minimise or restrict the attachment of a ligature. Figures 1 & 8 depict manually operable tamperproof and anti-ligature handles having an outer surface comprising recessed portions to aid the user in grasping and operating.
To open/close the opening or moving element (2) the actuating means (4) are configured to drive a gearing means (5), which then in turn drives the opening or moving element (2) as the handle (3) rotates. The gearing means (5) comprises any combination suitable for driving an opening or moving element (2) from one position to another or anywhere in between as the handle (3) rotates.
Once the opening or moving element (2) is in its maximum position (i.e. a sliding window fully open/closed) the actuating means (4) are configured so the gearing means (5) and opening or moving element (2) do not move in any way. The actuating means (4) comprises a set up so that as the handle (3) rotates, the driving half of the actuating means (4a) rotates, but due to the force applied to turn the rotating handle (3) being greater than the magnetic force between the driving and driven half of the actuating means (4), which is increased due to the opening or moving element (2) being situated in its maximum position (i.e. fully open/closed) the driving half of the actuating means (4a) 'slips' against the driven half of the actuating means (4b), leaving the driven half of the actuating means (4b) stationary.
The positioning of the magnets (7a, 7b) within the housing of the actuating means (4) allows the magnets (7a, 7b) to initially 'slip', when the force between the two sets of magnets (7a, 7b) is exceeded, pulling them apart, the force is then reduced allowing the magnets (7a, 7b) to re-magnetise making the two parts of the actuating means (4) become one again. This action is repeated whenever the force exceeds that of the magnetic force between the two sets of magnets (7a, 7b) within the actuating means (4), or until the rotating handle (3) is turned in the opposite direction. Figure 4 provides detail of the positioning of magnets (7a, 7b) which in this embodiment are four pairs of magnets, four each on the driving half of the actuating means (4a) and the driven half of the actuating means (4b). In this embodiment, the magnets (7a, 7b) on either half would be orientated so that common poles appeared on each face; for example, the magnets (7a) on the driving half of the actuating means (4a) would all be orientated with their North poles facing outward, and the magnets (7b) on the driven half of the actuating means (4b) would all be orientated with their South poles facing outward. Thus, the magnets would face North pole to South pole to attract rather than repel.
The support pin (8), running centrally through the actuating means (4) ensures the two parts that make up the actuating means (4), both the driving (4a) and the driven (4b) stay in line with each other, ensuring the two sets of magnets (7a, 7b) can 'slip' and then re-align.
The two parts of the actuating means (4) remain as one unit (allowing them to drive the gearing means (5)) via the magnetic force between the sets of magnets. For example, all south in one half of the actuating means (4a) and all north in the other half of the actuating means (4b), exceeding the force needed to move the gearing means (5).
The gearing means (5) may comprise a plurality of intermeshing gears. For example, in the embodiment depicted in Figure 8 the gearing means (5) comprises a first gear (5a), and second gear (5b). The gears are configured to intermesh such that when the opening or moving element (2) is free to move (i.e. not at its fully open/closed position) the first gear (5a) (the "driving gear") rotates a mirrored path of the rotating handle (3), directly driving the second gear (5b) (the "driven gear") in a linear direction.
A slight variation is shown in the second embodiment depicted in Figure 5. Although largely similar to the previous embodiment, there are two pairs of magnets (7a', 7b'), two each on the driving half of the actuating means (4a') and the driven half of the actuating means (4b'). The slipping drive mechanism (1 ) depicted in Figure 7 may be configured to drive a sliding element (2) to a first position (e.g. a closed position) by rotating the rotatable handle (3) in an anti-clockwise position and a second position (e.g. a fully open position) by rotating the rotatable handle (3) in a clockwise position. Alternatively, the slipping drive mechanism (1 ) may be configured to drive a sliding element (2) to a first position (e.g. a closed position) by rotating the rotatable handle (3) in a clockwise position and a second position (e.g. a fully open position) by rotating the rotatable handle (3) in an anti-clockwise position. For example, the actuating means (4) of the slipping drive mechanism (1 ) depicted in Figures 1 & 6 is configured to drive a sliding element (2) to a fully open position by rotating the rotatable handle (3) in a clockwise position until rotatable handle (3) continues to turn but the sliding element (2) is stationary and to a closed position by rotating the rotatable handle (3) in an anti-clockwise position until the rotatable handle (3) continues to turn but the sliding element (2) is stationary.
Figure 9 depicts the gearing means (5') of a second embodiment of a slipping drive mechanism (1 ) according to a first aspect of the invention. In this particular embodiment the gearing means (5') comprises a set of bevel gears (5') and a linking arm (5c') which runs along a guide track (5d'). The actuating means (4) is mounted in place via the driving shaft (6a) to the rotating handle (3), and via the driven shaft (6b) to the driving bevel gear (5a'). Rotation of the driving bevel gear (5a') drives the driven bevel gear (5b'), which then in turn drives the linking arm (5c'). A first end of the linking arm is coupled to the driven bevel gear (5b') ensuring the linking arm follows the same path as that taken by the driven bevel gear (5b'). The second end of the linking arm is mounted on a guide means or track (5d'), with the guide means or track attached to the opening or moving element (2). As the handle (3) rotates, the actuating means (4) rotate to drive the gearing means (5), rotating the linking arm (5c'), the linking arm (5c') is driven to move along the guide means (5d') or track, the opening or moving element (2) is opened/closed. If the opening or moving element (2) is already at a fully open/closed position and the handle (3) is continuously turned in a direction that does not open/close the opening or moving element (2), the handle (3) will rotate, only the driving half of the actuating means (4a) will rotate, leaving the driven half of the actuating means (4b) stationary, one half 'slipping' past the other half. For example, the opening element (2) is a side hung window, the handle (3) is rotated clockwise opening the window via the actuating means (4), bevel gears (5') and linking arm (5c') and track (5d') from a first position (i.e. fully open) to a second position (i.e. fully closed). The window is in the second position, fully closed, and the user continues to rotate the handle (3) in a clockwise direction with the intention of creating damage to the handle (3), actuating means (4), or gearing means (5). The window (2), linking arm (5c'), gearing means (5') and driven half of the actuating (4b) means remain stationary. The rotating handle (3) and driving half of the actuating means (4a) continue to rotate. On rotating the handle (3) in an anti-clockwise direction the actuating means (4), gearing means (5) and linking arm (5c') will rotate, closing the window.
In certain embodiments of the invention, the gear ratio of the driving bevel gear (5a') and the driven bevel gear (5b') is 1 :1 . Although, any gear ratio between the driving bevel gear (5a') and the driven bevel gear (5b') is envisage.
The gearing means (5) may be coupled to an opening or moving element (2) using fixing means (e.g. Screws). By configuring the slipping drive mechanism (1 ) so as to drive the opening or moving element (2) the handle (3) is turned in both clockwise and anticlockwise directions and can be continuously turned even after the opening or moving element (2) has reached its first and second position (maximum limits). Moreover, the slipping dive mechanism (1 ) is more robust and tamper-proof because it cannot be over rotated in the same way as the prior art drive mechanisms.
The slipping drive mechanism (1 ) according to the first aspect of the invention may optionally comprise a body portion (10) comprising two upright portions (10a), a top portion and a bottom portion (10b). The two upright portions having inner surfaces (10alN) and outer surfaces
(10aOUT). The body portion (10) preferably has an elongated frame-like structure. The body portion (10) is configured to support component parts of the slipping drive mechanism (1 ). The body portion (10) deemed to support component parts when it receives and/or defines the
arrangement/mounting of certain component parts of the slipping drive mechanism (1 ). For example, in the embodiment depicted in Figure 2, the body portion (10) is configured to support both parts of the actuating means (4). It can be seen if Figure 2 that the driving shaft (6a) of the actuating means (4) extends through an aperture formed in the upright portions (10a) of the body portion such that the first end portion protrudes from the inner surface (10alN) and the second end portion protrudes from the outer surface (10aOUT). The handle (3) is coupled to the second end portion of the driving shaft (6a) and arranged adjacent the inner surface (10alN) of the upright portion. The driving gear (5a) of the gearing means (5) is coupled to the second end portion of the driven shaft (6b) and arranged adjacent the outer surface (10bOUT) of the upright portion. Moreover, the outer surface (10bOUT) of the upright portion is configured to allow the actuating means (4) to be mounted/arranged with respect to the body portion (10) such that the longitude axis of the driven gear (5b) of the gearing means (5) is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body portion (10). Various modifications and variations are envisaged and some will now be described.
Turning to Figures 12 to 15 a further embodiment of the actuating mechanism (104) is shown. Instead of magnets, this embodiment relies on ball bearings (107a). The ball bearings (107a) are housed within housings (1 10) on the driving half of the actuating means (104a). The ball bearings (107a) are biased out of the housings (1 10) by a biasing means, in this embodiment a coiled spring (1 12). The ball bearings (107a) are co- operable with recesses (107b) on the driven half of the actuating means (104b).
Figure 14 depicts the actuating means (104) in an engaged state, with the ball bearings (107a) being at a fully extended position and cooperating with the recesses (107b).
As with the pervious embodiment, once first and second position
(maximum limits) have been reached, the resisting force will be sufficient for it to act against the biasing means (1 12), and force the ball bearings (107a) out of the recesses (107b) and into the housings (1 10). The driven half of the actuating means (104b) will then not rotate, even if further rotation is applied to the driving half of the actuating means (104a). This situation is depicted in Figure 15.
Turning to Figure 16 a further embodiment of the actuating mechanism (204) is shown. This is largely identical to the first embodiment of the actuating mechanism (4) described above; however, in that embodiment, magnets (7a, 7b) had common poles facing outward on each actuating half (4a, 4b) e.g. all North or all South. In this embodiment, an alternative arrangement is provided wherein, each actuating half (204a, 204b) has a combination of poles on each face. The pole arrangement is shown in Figure 16 by the use of 'N' for North and 'S' for South. This particular arrangement is different in varying the amount of slippage that occurs. In the first embodiment described above, i.e. where common poles are presented on each half, the slippage would amount to about a quarter of a turn. In this arrangement, the slippage would be about a half of a turn. This greater degree of slippage could be an advantage for particular applications.
It would be understood by the skilled addressee that alternative
arrangements of the magnets may be utilised to vary the degree of slippage that occurs, and that it would not be necessary for each actuating half (204a, 204b) to have the same amount of magnets on each face to provide a degree of slippage. Figures 17 and 18 represent a further embodiment. In previous embodiments, the contact has been a face-to-face contact between two mating faces of each actuating half. In this embodiment, there is provided an annular or circumferential contact between actuating halves (304a, 304b). The driving half of the actuating means (304a) is deployed within the driven half of the actuating means (304b), and driving contact is allowed around the outer circumferential sidewall driving half of the actuating means (304a), to the inner sidewall of the driven half of the actuating means (304b). Magnets (307a, 307b) are also used in this embodiment, in a similar fashion to previous embodiments. It will be understood by the skilled addressee that as an alternative arrangement the driving half of the actuating means (304a) may be deployed around the driven half of the actuating means (304b), and that alternatives to the magnets (307a, 307b) may be used, such as the ball bearing/recess arrangement described above.
Figure 19 and 20 represent a further embodiment. As with the previous embodiment, the contact is an annular or circumferential contact between actuating halves (404a, 404b). The driving half of the actuating means (404a) is again deployed within the driven half of the actuating means (404b).
In this embodiment, the driving half of the actuating means (404a) is a rotor shape, i.e. several spokes (410) extend from a central core (412). The spokes (410) are provided with bulbous engagement ends (414) provided on the distal end from the central core (412). Corresponding recesses (416) are provided around the inner side wall of the driven half of the actuating means (404b). The driving half of the actuating means (404a) is formed from a suitably resilient material, such as a plastics material.
Figure 19 shows the bulbous engagement ends (414) in a driving position, whereby they are located within recesses (416) to enable a torque to be transferred from the driving half of the actuating means (404a) to the driven half of the actuating means (404b).
Since the spokes (410) are both formed from a resilient material and are hollow with a relatively thin sidewall, once first and second position
(maximum limits) have been reached, the resisting force will be sufficient for it to deform the spokes (410) and force bulbous engagement ends (414) out of the recesses (416). The driven half of the actuating means (404b) will then not rotate, even if further rotation is applied to the driving half of the actuating means (404a). This situation is depicted in Figure 20. Figures 21 and 22 represent a further embodiment. This is a similar embodiment to that described immediately previously, albeit with a slightly modified spoke (510) design and deformation pattern.
Figures 23 and 24 represent a further embodiment. In this embodiment, the driving half of the actuating means (604a) and the driven half of the actuating means (604b) are provided with a co-operable recess (607a) and projection (607b) provided on each mating face.
Turning to Figure 23, a biasing means (610) is provided which biases the driving half of the actuating means (604a) away from the driven half of the actuating means (604b). In this position shown in Figure 23, co-operable recess (607a) and projection (607b) are disengaged and the rotatable handle (603) is biased away from the actuating means. In use, the user exerts a manual pushing force on the rotatable handle (603), thereby engaging co-operable recess (607a) and projection (607b) and allowing torque to be transmitted to the gearing means (605).
Once first and second position (maximum limits) have been reached, the user may discontinue the exertion of a manual pushing force on the rotatable handle (603), thereby disengaging co-operable recess (607a) and projection (607b) and allowing the two halves (604a, 604b) to slip with respect to one another.
Although the arrangement has been described as an opening or moving element (2), it is clear that it is equally suitable for use in other openings, as well as horizontal sliding windows, vertical sliding windows, tog hung windows, side hung windows, centrally hung windows, both in and out opening.
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