ANTIHISTAMINIC COMPOUNDS The present invention relates to antihistaminic compounds which are (oxime ether derivatives of S, G-dihydro-benzo [5,6] cyclohepta [1,2-b]pyridin-11-ones (earlir referred to as 4-aza-5-oxo- 10, 1 1-dihydro-dibenzo [a, d] cyclohepteoes), compound of fonnula 1, R1X R2 Nvo dz O (tR Formula I wherein R, R, and R are as defined in the later part of the text.

The compounds of the present invention are antihistaminic compounds useful in the treatment of histamine mediated disorders.

PRIOR ART United States Patent No. 3,458, 524 (referred to herein as'524, Indian reference not available) discloses oxime ethers of general formula II, their synthesis from aza-5-oxo- dibenzo [a, d] cycloheptenes or their 10,11-dihydro analogs, and their use as antihistaminic agents, wherein X is independently carbon or nitrogen and R is lower alkyl. Also, the patent exemplifies the synthesis of a compound of formula IA1 (X is N in position 1, n=2 and R is CH3 in formula II) as per scheme 1. c --- cl 0 ? ' O / N, 0 0 N R H, C CH, Formula 11 Formula IA1

Synthesis of compound of formula LAI was achieved by the following two methods (scheme !) : (a) Conversion of ketone of formula IIIA to an oxime of fonnula IVA, and its subsequent alkylation with 2-(dimethylamino) cthyl shloride, or (b) by reaction of ketone of fonnula IIIA with 2- (dimethylamino) ethoxyamine of fot7nula V.

Scheme 1 ci ci OH ! tua IVA ß clCH \/N- w Ixia ive IIIA IVA N H2N N, C H3 \. / H2N I CHEZ v Method'b'

The'524 does not disclose the geometry of compound of formula IA1, or for that matter the geometry of the compounds claimed of generic formula II. It is possible that by either of the methods (a & b, vide supra) described in the said patent, and exemplified for compound of formula IA1, there is the possibility of obtaining two geometric isomers of formulas lal & Ia'1 which represent (isomer & (isomer respectively of compound of formula IA 1. ci ci N. N. k0 zu H, C' CH, H, C CH, Formula lal Formula Ia'l

Both these isomers are expected to be co-produced by the methods (a & b) described.

The oxime fVA prepared (route a) is not purified as per the procedure described in the said patent, and would contain both E & Z oximes of fonnulas IVa & IVa'respectively. This was indeed found to be the case when we prepared in our laboratory the oxime as described in'524. HPLC analysis of several batches of the oxime preparation as described in': 824 revealed that it was a mixture of E & Z isomers of formulas IVa & IVa'in the ratio averaging about 58: 42.

The condensation ofketone of formula IIIA with 2- (dimethylamino) ethoxyamine of formula V (schemel, method'b') is also not expected to be specific although there could be some selectivity towards the formation of E isomer lal. This was in fact found to be the case when we prepared in our laboratory the oxime ether as described in'524 from ketone IIIA and 2- (dimethylamino) ethoxyamine (V). Analysis of the crude products by HPLC obtained from different batches by the method described in '524 revealed that they were indeed mixtures of E and Z isomers of formulas Ia1 and Ia'1 respectively in the ratio of about 64: 36.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION : It is very well known that the pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetics profiles sometimes markedly differ for different geometric isomers of the same molecule. The antihistaminic activity of the individual geometric isomers viz. the E & Z isomers, of formulas Ial & la'l respectively, is not reported hitherto in literature. We felt mat it is important to understand the geometrical isomer that would predominantly contribute to the antihistaminic activity. Hence, the pure isomeric oximes of formulas IVa & IVa'were separated and individually alkylated so as to obtain pure E & Z compounds of formulas tal and la'l, respectively. Incidentally it was found that alkylation of oxime of the pure E isomer of formula IVa led to the formation of two side products besides the expected alkylated product of formula Ial. These two side products were separated by chromatography and characterized as nitrone of formula VI and a tetracvclic compound of formula VII, respectively (scheme 2).

Scheme 2 ci \ c ! ri N I r N ' + 0 + t4 Alkylation IC OH N N N, t N>CH H, C H, C CH, IVa ! a ! VI VH

On the other hand alkylation on pure Z isomer of formula IVa' with 2- (dimethylamino) ethyl chloride under similar conditions produced the Z-alkylated product of fromula la'l alongwith minor side product of formula VII, without appreciable formation of nitrone of formula VI.

(Scheme 3) Scheme 3 -- ci _ CN CH _N, _,, C 7 \1-I \- /1 CI CH N +, N , i / Alkylation Ho N NsCH, Ns IVa'Ia'l VII

We anticipated that the side products viz. nitrone of formula VI, and tetracyclic compound of formula VIJ could also be present to some extent alongwith the expected products of formula lal & la'l in the preparation of IA1 (by method'a') as described in'524 by conversion of ketone of formula IIIA to an oxime of formula IVA, and its subsequent alkyiation with 2- (dimethylamino) ethyl chloride of formula V. Indeed when we carried out the oxime preparation and alkylated the resulting oxime of fonnula IVA with 2- (dimethylamino) ethyl chloride as per the process described'524, and when the resulting crude alkylated product was analyzed by

HPLC, three products were observed viz. the E & Z-alkylated products of formulas lal and Ia'1 atongwiththe nitrone of fonnula VI in the ratio of about 4. 1 : 1.0 : 1. 1, respectively.

The pure E & Z isomers of formulas Ial and Ia'1 were isolated and tested individually for antihistaminic activity in both in-vitro and in-vivo. Interestingly we discovered that the antihistaminic activity of the pure E isomer of formula Ial, in both in-vitro and in-vivo was significantly higher than that of the corresponding Z isomer of formula Ia'1 (Table 1). We also isolated and tested the pure nitrone of formula VI and the tetracyclic compound of formula VII for their antihistaminic activity. Both these products were also found to possess antihistaminic activity, albeit much tower than that of the (E)-oxime ether of formula lal (Table 1). From our observations, it is apparent that the biological activities described in'524 for compounds of formula II are not for a pure single isomer but for mixtures of compounds, viz. the E & Z isomers, and the nitrone.

Table-1 Compound Mean IC50, GP Ileum Inhibitory dose in bronchospasm experiment, mg/kg Ia1 1.02 x 10-8 0. 005 la'@ 7. 37 x 10-'>4. 0 VI 2. 38 x 10'5 0. 5 VII 2.19 x 10 >4. 0 Encouraged by this interesting finding that the pure E isomer of formula Ia1 is markedly more potent in comparison to the corresponding Z isomer of formula Ia'1, we have synthesized a number of (E)-oxime ether derivatives of 5,6-dihydro-benzo [5,6] cyclohepta [1, 2-b] pyridin-11- ones, compounds of formula 1. These compounds were found to have antihistaminic activity.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide anlihistaminic compounds of formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION The present invention provides (E)-oxime ether derivative of 5, 6-dihydro- benzo [5,6] cyclohepta [1, 2-b] pyridin-1 1-one, compound of formula I I Ri XR2 I I Gil N, 0 (ttt R formula I wherein R in formula I is selected from wherein R', R", R"', R3, R4, R5, R6 & R7 are selected from hydrogen, alkyl (C, to C6 linear, branched or cyclo), tricylic fused ring such as adamantyl, unsaturated alkyl (Cl to C6 linear, branched or cyclo), heterocyclic (containing one or more of hetero atoms viz. N, S, O), aryl, heteroaryl (containing one or more of hetero atoms viz. N, S, O), alkylaryl, optionally further wherein any of R', R", R"', R3, R4, R5, R6 & R7 groups above may be further substituted with one or more groups selected from saturated or unsaturated alkyl (Ci to C6 linear, branched or

cyclo), alkoxy(C1 to C6 linear, branched or cyclo), halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylaryl, hydroxy, amino and its derivatives such as amide or carbamate ; carboxylic acids, C1-C6 alkylcarboxylic acids, acrylic acids, propargylic acids and their derivatives such as amides or substituted amides with alkyl (C1-C5) substitution or aryl substitution or cyclic amides (Cl to C7), esters (Cl to C5), N-hydroxyamides, or N-CX to C5 alkoxyamides ; m is 0 to 2 ; E is selected from O, S, NH, NR8 wherein R8 maybe Cl-C6 linear, branched or cyclo alkyl group, C=O, CO2, SO2 and S=O ; and B is selected from- (CH2) p- wherein p=2 to 7; and -CH(R9)-(CH2)x-D- CH(R10)- (CH2)y- wherein D is O, NRs, S or SO2 ; x and y are independently 1 to 6; and R8, Rg & Rio are independently H, (C,-C6 linear, branched or cyclo) alkyl group; optionally B is part of arylheterocycles containing one or more of hetero atoms (viz. , N, S, O) ; R] and R2 are selected from hydrogen, halogen, saturated or unsaturated Cl-C6 linear, branched or cyclo alkyl group, haloalkyl, C1-C6 linear, branched or cyclo alkoxy or haloalkoxy, amino and its derivatives such as amide or carbamate ; carboxylic acids, Cl- C6 alkyl carboxylic acids, acrylic acids, propargylic acids and their derivatives as defined above; and n is 2 to 6 ; and phannaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

More particularly the present invention provides (E)-oxime ether derivative of 5, 6-dihydro- benzo [5,6] cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-one, compound of formula I wherein R in formula I is selected from R', R", R"', R3, R4, R5, R6 & R7 are selected from hydrogen, alkyl (Cl to C6 linear, branched or cyclo), tricylic fused ring such as adamantyl, unsaturated alkyl (Cl to C6 linear, branched or cyclo), aryl, alkylaryl, optionally further wherein any of R', R", R"', R3, R4, R5, R6 & R7 groups above may be further substituted with one or more groups selected from alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, free carboxyl, hydroxy or amino groups; Ill is 0 to 2; E is selected from C=O, CO2 and SO2 ; and B is selected from -(CH2)p- wherein p=2 to 7; and -CH(R9)-(CH2)x-D- CH(R10)- (CH2)y- wherein D is O, NR8, S or SO2 ; x and y are independently 1 to 6; and R8, Rg & Rio are independently H, (C1-C6 linear, branched or cyclo) alkyl group ; optionally B is part of arylheterocycles containing one or more of hetero atoms (viz., N, S, O) ; R, and R are selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl (C1-C6 linear, branched or cyclo), alkoxy (Cl-C6 linear, branched or cyclo), haloalkoxy or haloalkyl ; and n is 2 to 6 and pharmaceutical ! y acceptable salts thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: Accordingly, the present invention provides compound of formula I 1 I Zu nez I ( R Formula 1

wherein R, R, and R2 are as described above.

The compound of fomlula I, wherein R is referred to herein as formula la.

More particularly, the compounds of formula Ia are as given below in Table 2: Table 2 Compd R1 R2 R' R" n No. Ia1 H 8-Cl CH3 CH3 2 la2 H 8-Cl CH3 CH3 3 Ia3 H 8-Cl C2H5 C2H5 2 la4 H 8-Cl n-C3H7 n-C3H7 2 la5 H 8-Cl H H 2 Ia6 H 8-Cl CH3 H 2 la7 H 8-Cl H CH2CF3 2 la8 H 8-Cl H CH(CH3)2 2 la9 H 8-CI H Cyclopentyl 2 Ia10 H 8-Cl CH3 C2H5 2 lall H 8-Cl CH3 CH2CF3 2 Ia12 H 8-Cl CH3 cyclopropylmethyl 2 Ia13 H 8-Cl CH3 CH2CH=CH2 2 Ia14 H 8-Cl CH3 propargyl 2 Ia15 H 8-Cl CH3 (3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl 2 Ia16 H 8-Cl CH3 CH2COOC2H5 2 Ia17 H 8-Cl CH3 CH2COOH 2 Ia18 H 8-Cl H 2-adamantyl 2 Ial9 H 8-Cl H (3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl) methyl 2 la20 H 8-Cl H (2, 4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl 2 Ia21 H 8-Cl H (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl 2 Ia22 H 8-Cl H CH2CH-CHPh (E-configuration) 2 Ia23 H 8-Cl H (2, 3, 4-trimethoxyphenyl) methyl 2 Ia24 H 8-Cl H (2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl 2 Ia25 H 8-Cl H (3-cyclopentyloxy-4-2 methoxyphenyl) methyl Ia26 H 8-Cl CH3 (2, 4, 6-trimethoxyphenyl methyl 2 Ia27 H 8-Cl CH3 (3-cyclopentyloxy-4- 2 methoxyphenyl) methyl Ia28 H 8-Cl CH3 CH2CH=CHPh (E-configuration) 2 Ia29 H 8-Cl CH3 (2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl 2 la30 H 8-Cl CH3 (3, 4-dirnethoxyphenyl) methyl 2 Ia31 H 8-Cl CH3 2-admantyl 2 la32 H 8-Cl CH3 (2, 6-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl 2 Ia33 H 8-Cl CH2CH2=CHPh CH2CH=CHPh (E-configuration) 2 (E-configuration) Ia34 H 8-Cl CH2CH=CHPh (2,3, 4-trimethoxyphenyl) methyl 2 (E-configuration) Ia35 H 8-Cl CH2CH=CHPh (3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl) methyl 2 (E-configuration) Ia36 H 8-Cl CH3 -(CH2)2OH 2 la37 H 8-Cl CH3 CH2C (OH) CH3 2 la38 H 8-cL CH3 CH2CH (OH) CH2OH 2 la39 H 8-Cl CH(CH3)2 CH2CH (OH) CH2OH 2 la40 H 8-cL CH CH3)2 CH2CH(OH)CH3 2 la41 H 8-Cl cyclopentyl CH2CH(OH)CH3 2 la42 H 8-CI CH2C (OH) CH3 (3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl) methyl 2 la43 H 8-Cl CH2CH2OH (2,3, 4-trimethoxyphenyl) methyl 2 la44 H 8-CI CH2CH20H (2,4, 6-trimethoxyphenyl) methyl 2

The compound of formula I wherein R is referred to herein as formula Ib.

More particularly, the compounds of formula Ib are as given below in Table 3: Table 3 Compd Rl R2 B n No. Ib1 H 8-Cl -CH2-(CH2)2-CH2- 2 Ib2 H 8-Cl -CH2-(CH2)3-CH2- 2 Ib3 H 8-Cl -CH2-(CH2)4-CH2- 2

The compound of formula 1 wherein R is referred to herein as formula Ic.

More particularly, the compounds of formula Ic are as given below in Table 4: Table 4 Compd RI R2 R' R'' R''' n No. * Icl H 8-Cl CH3 CH3 CH3 2 Ic2 H S-Cl C2H5 CH2CH=CH2 CH3 2 Ic3 H 8-Cl CH3 (2,4, 6-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl CH3 2 Ic4 H 8-Cl CH3 (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl CH3 2 Ic5 H 8-C CH3 (2, 3, 4-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl CH3 2 Ic6 H 8-Cl CH3 (2, 6-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl CH3 2 Ic7 H 8-Cl C6H5CH=CH2 C6H5CH=CH2 CH3 2 (E-configuration) (E-configuration) * All compounds are as iodide salts The compound of formula I wherein R is

referred to herein as formula Id.

More particularly, the compounds of formula Id are as given below in Table 5: Table 5 Compd R1 R2 R' E R"' n No. Id1 H 8-Cl H CO2 CH3 2 Id2 H 8-Cl H CO2 C2H5 2 Id3 H 8-Cl H CO CH3 2 Id4 H 8-Cl CH3 CO CH2(2-Cl-C6H4 2 Id5 H 8-Cl H CO CH2(2-Cl-C6H4 2 Id6 H 8-Cl H CO CH2 (3-OEt-4-COOH- 2 C6li3) Id7 H 8-Cl CH3-CO CH2 (3-OEt-4-COOH-2 C6H3) Id8 H 8-Cl H SO2 CH3 2 Id9 H 8-Cl CH3 SO2 CH3 2 Id10 H 8-Cl (2,3, 4- SO., CH 2 trimethoxyphenyt) methyl Id11 H 8-Cl H SO2 4-CH3-C6H4 2

The compound of formula I wherein R is referred to herein as formula Ie.

More particularly, the compounds of formula Ie are as given below in Table 6: Table 6 Compd. Rl R2 R'R'". n No. lez H 8-Cl H cyclohexyl 2 Ie2 H 8-Cl H 2-(trifluoromelthyl)phenyl 2 le3 H 8-Cl H 2,6-dichlorophenyl 2 le4 H 8-CI H cyclopropyl 2 leS H 8-Cl H CH2.CH=CH2 2 Ie6 H 8-Cl H 2, 3-dimethylphenyl 2 le7 H 8-CI H 2, 3-dichlorophenyl 2 le8 H 8-Cl H 4-9trifluroomethoxy)phenyl 2 Ie9 H 8-Cl H 2-methylphenyl 2 lelo H 8-Cl H 2, 4-dichlorophenyl 2 tell H 8-Cl H 2-chlorophenyl 2 Ie12 H 8-Cl H 3, 5- 2 bis (trifluoromelthyl)phenyl tel3 H 8-Cl H cyclopropylmethyl 2 Ie14 H 8-Cl H CH (CH3) 2 2 le 15 H 8-Cl H cyclopentyl 2 Icl6 H 8-Cl H CH(CH3)2 2 tel8 H 8-Cl H 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 2 Ie19 H 8-Cl H C(CH3)3 2 le20 H 8-Cl H CH2CH2Ph 2 Ie21 H 8-Cl H 2,6-difluorophenyl 2 Ie22 H 8-Cl H trans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl 2 Ie23 H 8-Cl H 4-chloro-2- 2 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl Ie24 H 8-Cl CH3 CH2.CH=CH2 2 Ie25 H 8-Cl CH3 cyclopropyl 2 Ie26 H 8-Cl CH3 trans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl 2 Ie27 H 8-Cl CH3 2-methylphenyl 2 Ie28 H 8-Cl CH3 2,3-dichlorophenyl 2 le29 H 8-CI CH3 cyclohexyl 2 Ie30 H 8-Cl CH3 2-(trifluoromelthyl)phenyl 2 Ie31 H 8-Cl CH3 2,6-dichlorophenyl 2 le32 H 8-Cl C143 Phenyl 2 le33 H 8-Cl CH3 2,3-dimethylphenyl 2 Ie34 H 8-Cl CH3 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 2 Ie35 H 8-CI CH (CH3) 2 cyclohexyl 2 Ie36 H 8-Cl CH (CH3) 2 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 2 le37 H 8-Cl CH (CH3)2 2, 6-dichlorophenyl 2

The compound of formula I wherein R is referred to herein as formula If.

More particularly, the compounds of formula If are as given below in Table 7: Table 7 Compd. No. RI R2 R'/1- li - N B ty Ifl H 8-CI H cis-2, 6dimeth 1 i erazin-1-1 2 r2 H 8-CI CH3 cis-2, 6dimethylpiperazin-1-yl 2 The compound of formula 1 wherein R is referred to herein as formula Ig.

More particularly, the compounds of formula Ig are as given below in Table 8: Table 8 Compd. No. Rl R2 R3 R4 R5 R'm n 1o1 H 8-Cl H H H H 0 2 Ig2 H 8-Cl H H H H 1 2 Ig3 H 8-Cl H H CH3 H 0 2 Ig4 H 8-Cl H H CH3 1'2 Ig5 H 8-Cl CH3 CH3 H H 1 2 Ig6 H 8-CI H H H CH3 0 2 Ig7 H 8-Cl H H H CH3 1 2 Ig8 H 8-Cl H H CH3 CH3 0 2 Ig9 H 8-Cl H H CH3 CH3 1 2 Ig10 H 8-Cl CH3 CH3 H CH3 2 Ig11 H 8-Cl H H H H 2 2 The compound of formula I wherein R is referred to herein as formula Ih; and wherein R is referred to herein as formula li.

More particularly, the compounds of formula Ih and li are as given below in Table 9: Table 9 Compd. RI R2 R'R"'R6 R7 n No. Ih1 H 8-Cl H CH3 2 Ih2 H 8-Cl H C2H5 2 Ih3 H 8-Cl H CH (CH3) 2 2 1114 H 8-Cl CH3 CH3 2 Ih5 H 8-Cl CH3 C2H5 2 Ih, 6 H 8-Cl C113 CH (CH3) 2 Series li fil H 8-Cl CH3 H CH3 2 Ii2 H 8-Cl CH3 H C2H5 2 Ii3 H 8-Cl CH3 H CH2CF3 2 1i4 H 8-Cl CH3 H CH(CH3)2 2 Ii5 H 8-Cl CH3 CH CH3 2 3 li6 H 8-Cl CH3 H cyclopropyl 2 Ii7 H 8-Cl CH3 H cyclopentyl 2 li8 H 8-Cl CH3 H H 2 Ii9 H S-CI CH3 H 2, 6- 2 dichlorophenyl Compounds of the present invention may be prepared using different routes. For instance, by a process comprising (a) reacting ketone of formula III with hydroxylamine or salts of hydroxylamine to yield oxime of formula IV (E/Z); (b) purifying the oxime of formula IV (E/Z) with a suitable solvent to obtain pure (E)-oxime of formula IV ; and (c) treating the pure (E)- oxime of formula IV with an alkylating agent, optionally further derivatizing the alkylated compound, to yield compound of formula 1.

Formula III Fot muta ! V (E/Z) R10 XR2 R1 XR2 Nip N OH HO' Formuh IV Formuta ! VZ In one embodiment of the process of the present invention step (a) of the process comprises reaction of ketone of formula III with hydroxylamine or its acid addition salts in an alcoholic solvent such as ethanol or methanol, using an organic or an inorganic base, preferably an inorganic base such as alkali metal hydroxides or carbonates or acetates to yield oxime of formula IVE/Z.

In one embodiment of the process of the present invention step (b) comprises purifying the oxime of formula IVE/Z obtained in step (a) with a suitable solvent preferably an aprotic solvent, more preferably a ketonic solvent, to get pure (E)-oxime of formula IV.

In one embodiment of the process of the present invention step (c) the antihistaminic compounds of the general formula I are obtained by a simple and an efficient process comprising reaction of oxime of formula IV with a suitable alkylating agent. The alkylated compound could, if required, be father derivatized to compounds of the general formula I as described above.

Preferably the process of the present invention step (c) comprises reaction between the oxime of formula IV with an alkylating agent in the presence of a base and a facilitator, in an inert aprotic solvent, at desired temperature for requisite time. The resulting crude (E)-oxime ether is purified by standard methods.

The base used in the process of the present invention step (c) may be an organic base or an inorganic base, preferably an inorganic base selected from alkali metal hydroxides, such as potassium hydroxide.

The. : inert aprotic solvent used in the process of the present invention step (c) may be an hydrocarbon solvent, preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent such as toluene.

The facilitator used in the process of the present invention step (c) may be a quaternary ammonium salt or a cyclic or acyclic polyethers, preferably an acyclic polyether such as poly (ethylene glycol)-400 (PEG-400).

Series of compounds may be prepared by routes as il ! ustrated below : Series In NR^ L"I R'R I t- R1 I i R2--- Alkylation NO NOH R IV la wherein L is a leaving group selected from halo, or an alkyl or arylsulfonate group for e. g. methanesulfonate or p-toluenesulfonate and the like.

The starting material for the preparation of IV may be prepared as in Belgian patent Number 647, 043 Series"Ib"

/- R L IN s R1'N i 2-N. * TI-0 N Alkylation ohms \ CN B IV Ib wherein L is a leaving group selected from halide, or an alkyl/arylsulfonate group for e. g. methanesulfonate or p-toluenesulfonate and the like.

Series "Ic"

wherein L is a leaving group selected from halide, or an alkyl/arylsulfonate group for e.g. methanesulfonate or p-toluenesulfonate and the like.

Series "Id"

wherein L is a leaving group selected from a halide, aryloxy such as 4-nitrophenoxy and the like.

Series "Ie"

wherein X is a halide, and Y is a group displaceab. le by amine such as imidazolyl, aryloxy such as 4-nitrophenoxy, and the like.

Sereis "If" wherein L is a. leaving group selected from halide, X is halide or aryloxy such as 4-nitrophenoxy and the like and X and Y are as defined above Series"Ie" Series"Ih"& Series"Ii" Another aspect of the present invention relates to formulation of compound of formula I in suitable form, which can be administered to the patient.

Series"Ir' wherein L is a leaving group selected from haide, X is halide or aryloxy such as 4-nitrophenoxy and the like and X and Y are as defined above Series"Ig" Series"Ih"& Series"Ii" Another aspect of the present invention relates to formulation of compound of formula I in suitable form, which can be administered to the patient.

Compounds of the present invention can be provided as a pharmaceutical composition for use in the treatment of histamine mediated diseases. The composition comprises compound of formula I and phannaceutically acceptable ingredients.

Such compositions may be prepared by admixing compound of formula I and pharmaceuticatty acceptable ingredients. Usually the compositions are adapted for oral administration. However, they may be adapted for other modes of administration, for example parenteral administration, sublingual, transdennal or opthalmic administration.

The compositions may be in the form of tablets, capsules, powders, granules, nasal spray, aerosols, lozenges, ointments, creams, transdemnal patches, reconstitutable powders, or liquid preparations, such as oral or sterile solutions or suspensions.

In order to obtain consistency of administration it is preferred that a composition of the invention is in the form of a unit dose.

Unit dose presentation forms for oral administration may be tablets and capsules and may contain conventional excipients such as binding agents, for example syrup, acacia, gelatin, sorbitol, tragacanth, or polyvinylpyrrolidone ; fillers, for example lactose, sugar, maize-starch, calcium phosphate, sorbitol or glycine ; tabletting lubricants, for example magnesium stearate; disintegrants, for example earch, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium starch glycollate or microciystalline cellulose ; or pharmaceutically acceptable wetting agents such as sodium lauryl sulphate.

The compositions are preferably in a unit dosage form in an amount appropriate for the relevant daily dosage.

The solid oral compositions may be prepared by conventional methods of blending, filling or tabletting known to those skilled in this art. Repeated blending operations may be used to distribute the active agent throughout those compositions employing large quantities of fillers.

Such operations are of course conventional in the art. The tablets may be coated according to

methods well known in normal pharmaceutical practice.

Oral liquid preparations may be in the form of, for example, emulsions, syrups, or elixirs, or may be presented as a dry product for reconstitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use.

Such liquid preparations may contain conventional additives such as suspending agents, for example sorbitol, syrup, methyl cellulose, gelatin, hydroxyethylcellufose, carboxymethylcellulose, aluminum stearate gel, hydrogenated edible fats; emulsifying agents, for example lecithin, sorbitan monooleate, or acacia ; non-aqueous vehicles (which may include edible oils), for example aimond oil, fractionated coconut oil, oily esters such as esters of glycerine, propylene glycol, or ethyl alcohol ; preservatives, for example methyl or propyl p- hydroxybenzoate or sorbic acid; and if desired conventional flavoring or coloring agents.

For parenteral administration, fluid unit dosage forms are prepared utilizing the compound and a sterile vehicle, and, depending on the concentration used, can be either suspended or dissolved in the vehicle. In preparing solutions the compound can be dissolved in water for injection and filter sterilized before filling into a suitable vial or ampoule and sealing. Advantageously, adjuvants such as a local anaesthetic, a preservative and buffering agent can be dissolved in the vehicle. To enhance the stability, the composition can be frozen after filling into the vial and the water removed under vacuum.

For ophthalmic administration, sterile solution or suspension can be prepared. Ophthalmic solution can be prepared by dissolving the compound in water for injection along with suitable pi, eservat, ve, chelating agent, osmogen, viscosity enhancing agent, antioxidant and buffering agent. Solution is aseptically filtered and filled into suitable vials or bottles of suitable material.

Similarly suspension can be prepared by aseptically dispersing the sterile compound in a sterile aqueous vehicle containing suitable preservative, cheating agent, osmogen, suspending agent, anti-oxidant and buffering agent. Preservative-free unit doses can also be prepared in similar way for solution as well as suspension and aseptically filled into unit dose containers.

Compositions may contain from 0.01 % to 99.0% by weight of the active material, depending upon the method of administration.

Composition may, if desired, be in the form of a pack accompanied by written or printed instructions for use.

The compound of formula ! on being formulated is useful for various histamine mediated diseases. IC5o's were determined for the compounds prepared by the present invention (using Guinea pig ileum functional assay method) for the estimation of antihistaminic potency (Table 10).

The invention is further illustrated but not restricted by the description in the following examples.

Examples Example I Preparation of oxime of formula IVa : To a suspension of 8-chloro-5, 6-dihydro-benzo [5,6] cyclohepta [1, 2-b] pyridin-11-one (formula IJIA) (100o, 0.410 mol) in ethanol (3500m1), hydroxylamine hydrochloride (171.25g, 2.46 mol) is added over a period of 20 minutes at ambient temperature and stirred for further 10 minutes. A solution of sodium hydroxide (103. 49g, 2.587 mol) in water is then added and the mixture heated under reflux for 18.5 hrs. Cooled to 10-15'C and quenched with water (6000ml). The precipitated solid is filtered and dried to get the crude oxime containing mixture of (E) and (Z)- oximes.

The crude oxime mixture (IGOg) is suspended in acetone (3500ml) and stirred for 2 hrs at ambient temperature. The solid is filtered and dried to get pure (isomer of 8-chloro-5, 6- dihydro-benzot5, 6] cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridin-11-one oxime (fonnula IVa) (HPLC purity >97.0%). The mother liquor is concentrated and the residue is purified by flash chromatography to get the pure (isomer of 8-chloro-5, 6-dihydro-benzo [5, G] cyclohepta [1, 2-b] pyridin-11-one oxime of formula IVa'.

Example 2 a) Preparation of (ES-oxime ether offal.

To a suspension of (E)-8-chloro-5, 6-dihydro-benzo [5, 6] cyclohepta [1, 2-b] pyridin-11-one oxime (fonnula IVa) (5g, 0. 019mol) in a mixture of toluene (60ml)- PEG-400 (20ml), is introduced at ambient temperature powdered potassium hydroxide (7. 59gms, 0. 135mol) and stirred for 10 minutes. 2- (Dimethylamino) ethyl chloride (I lg,. 0. 095mol) is then added and stirred at ambient temperature for 24 hrs. Water is added, organic layer separated and the aqueous layer re- extracted with toluene (3x30ml). Combined organic layer is washed successively with water and brine, and degassed under reduced pressure to a get dark brown viscous liquid (6. 15g), The crude material is purified by flash column chromatography to get pure compound of formula Ia1 as the major component and pure tetracyclic compound of fonnula VII in minor quantity.

M. P. of lal: 78-80° C lH-NMR of Ial (CDCI3, 8ppm) : 8.55 (dd, J1=4. 64, J2=1. 55Hz, 1H), 7.47 (dd, Ji=7. 73m, j2=1.46Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J=8.09Hz, 1H), 7.17-7. 26, (m, 3H), 4.41 (t, 6. 10Hz, 2H), 3.16-3. 05 (m, 4H), 2.64 (t, J=6.08Hz, 2H), 2.22 (s, 6H) 13C-NMR of Ia1 (CDCl3, #ppm) : 156.37 (s), 151. 87 (s), 148.39 (d), 140.09 (s), 139.08 (d), 135.37 (s), 134. 98 (s), 132. 28 (s), 131.39 (d), 128.90 (d), 126. 65 (d), 124.45 (d), 74.04 (t), 58.54 (t), 46.53 (2q), 32.84 (t), 32.12 (t) IH-NMR of VII (CDCIf, bppm) : 8.16 (d. J=8.40Hz, lH), 8. 07 (dd, J1=5. 35, J2=2.7Hz, 1H), 7.27 (dd, J, =8. 42, J2=2. 23Hz, lH), 7.17 (d, J=2.18Hz, lH), 6.53-6. 49 (m, 2H), 3.91 (s, 2H), 3. 02-3. 09 (brm, 4H), 2.29 (s, 6H) 3C-NNIR of VII (CDCl3, #ppm): 139. 97 (s), 137.06 (s), 134. 33 (2s), 133.41 (s), 131.32 (s), 130.20 (d), 129.43 (s), 128. 27 (d), 127.33 (d), 121. 29 (d), 116.96 (d), 112. 95 (d), 57.08 (t), 45.94 (2q), 35. 67 (t), 33.50 (t)

Compounds Ia2 to Ia6 are prepared in the same manner as for Ial, using the corresponding 2- chloroethylamine or its derivatives. b) Preparation of (oxime ether of la'l : The (oxime ether of the formula Ia'1 is prepared by following the procedure described above for lal, using the (Z)-oxime of formula IVa' in place of the (E)-oxinle IVa.

'H-NMR of Ia'l (CDC13, bppm) : 8. 51 (dd, J1=4. 85; J2=1. 52Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J=8. 31Hz, 1H), 7.58 (dd, J1=7. 65, J2=1. 46Hz, lH), 7. 24-7. 09 (m, 3H), 4.35 (t, J=5.96Hz, 2H), 3. 18-3. 00 (m, 4H), 2.68 (t, J=5. 90Hz, 2H), 2.24 (s, 6H).

13C-NMR of Ia'1 (CDC13, bppm) : 156. 19 (s), 153.86 (s), 147.77 (d), 140. 18 (s), 136.32 (d), 135.66 (s), 134. 26 (s), 131.83 (s), 131.32 (d), 130. 76 (d), 127. 18 (d), 124.43 (d), 71. 15 (t), 58.19 (t), 46. 13 (2q), 33.62 (t), 30. 31 (t). c) Preparation of nitrone of formula VI : To a stirred mixture of oxime of formula IVa (0. 0193mol) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (0. 116mol) in acetone (60ml), is added 2- (dimethylamino) ethyl chloride (0. 079mol) and the mixture refluxed for 8 hours. The solids were filtered and the filtrate is concentrated. The residue is taken up in ehtyl acetate, washed with water, concentrated and degassed. The syrupy residue is purified by column chromatography to get pure nitrone VI.

1H-NMR of VI (CDCl3, #ppm) : 8.50 (dd, JI=4. 73, J2=1. 54Hz, 1H), 7.91 (d, J=8. 42Hz, IH) 7.58 (dd, J=7.74,1.48Hz, 1H), 7.30-7. 14 (m,3H), 4.48-2. 25 (br, 8H), 1.99 (s, 6H).

13C-NMR of VI (CDC13, #ppm) : 153.08 (s), 147.83 (d), 143. 77 (s), 139.87 (s), 137.72 (d), 136.25 (s), 135. 20 (s), 131. 60 (d), 130.71 (s), 130.16 (d), 126.56 (d), 124.87 (d), 59.84 (t), 57.47 (t), 45.80 (2q), 32.27 (t), 30. 71 (t)

Example 3 Preparation of Ia7 to Ia9 These compounds are prepared by alkylation of la5 with the corresponding alkyl halide in acetone using anhydrous potassium carbonate as a base.

Preparation of Ia10 to Ia16 Compounds Ia10 to Ia16 are prepared by alkylation of la6 with the corresponding alkyl halide or haloalklyester in acetone using anhydrous potassium carbonate as a base.

Example 4 Preparation of Ial 7 This compound is prepared by hydrolysis of Ia16 with potassium hydroxide in ethanol.

Example 5 Preparation of Ia19 A mixture of 3, 4. 5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (0.0033 mol) and la5 (0.0033 mol) in toluene (20m1) is refluxed azeotropically for 21 hours with a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid.

Cooled to ambient temperature and water is added. The organic layer is separated and the aqueous layer is extracted with toluene (2x155ml). Combined organic layer is washed successively with water and brine, and degassed under reduced pressure to obtain the crude imine. Sodium borohydride (0. 046mol) is added portionwise to the solution of the crude imine in methane) (10ml) at 10-15°C. After stirring for 30 minutes the reaction mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue is quenched with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3x15ml). Combined extract is washed successively with water and brine and degassed under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel to get the pure product of formula Tal9 Similarly are prepared compounds of formulas Ia18 & Ia20 to la25 using the corresponding oxo compounds.

Example 6 Preparation of Ia26 Methyl iodide (0. 001mol) is added into the stirred mixture of potassium carbonate (0. 0015mol) and Ial9 (0. 001mol) in acetone (20mi) at 10-15°C over a period of 5 minutes. After stirring at 15° C for 30 minutes the mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure, water is added and extracted in methylene chloride' (3x 10 ml). The organic extract is washed with water and degassed under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel to get compound of formula Ia26.

Similarly are prepared compounds of formulas la27 to Ia32 using the corresponding oxime ethers and methyl iodide.

Compounds la33 to Ia35 are prepared using the corresponding oxime ethers and cinnamyl chloride.

Compound la36, la43 & la44 are prepared by similar alkylation of Ia6, la23 & Ia20 respectively, with 2-chloroethanol Compounds Ia38 & la39 are prepared by similar alkylation of Ia6 & Ia8 respectively, with 3- chloro-1,2-propanediol.

Example 7 Preparation of Ia37 To a solution of la6 (0. 002mol) in 2-propanol (15ml) is added propylene oxide (O. 01mol) at 0-5° C. The mixture is stirred for 12 hours and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained is purified by flash chromatography to obtain pure compound of formuloa Ia37.

Similarly are prepared compounds of fommulas Ia40, Ia41 & Ia42 from Ia8, Ia9 & Ial9 respectively using propylene oxide.

E. Example 8 Preparation of Ibl to Ib3 These compounds are prepared in a similar manner as for lal using the corresponding (2- chloroethyl) cyclic amines.

Example 9 Preparation : c 1 to Ic6 These compounds are prepared in the same manner as Ia26, from the corresponding (dialkyamino) ethyl oxime ethers using molar excess of the corresponding alkyl halide to obtain the corresponding quaternary salts Icl to Ic6.

E. xample 10 Preparation of Idl Methyl chloroformate (0. 00248mol) is added to a stirred mixture of compound of formula Ia5 (0. 001mol) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (0. 004mol) in tetrahydrofuran (10ml) at ambient temperature and stirred for 2 hours. The mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure, quenched with water and extracted with methylene chloride. The extract is washed with brine and degassed under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by flash column chrornatography on silica gel to get pure Idl.

Similarly compound of formula Id2 is prepared using ethyl chlorofomiate the place of methyl chloro formate.

Similarly compound of formula Id3 is prepared using acetic anhydride in the place of methyl chloroformate and pyridine as base.

Similarly are prepared compounds of formulas id8, Id9 & IdlO using methanesulfonyl chloride in the place of methyl chloroformate and using pyridine as base from Ia5, Ia6 & Ia23, respectively.

Compound Id11 is prepared similarly as above from Ia5 and 4-toiuenesulfonyl chloride in place of methanesulfonyl chloride Example 11 Preparation of Id4 To a stirred solution of N-methylmorpholine (0. 00165mol) and (2-chlorophenyl) acetic acid (0. 00124mol) in methylene chloride (15m1), is added 2, 2-dimethylpropionyl chloride (0. 001030mol) at 0-5"C and stirred for 30mins. The mixture is then brought to ambient temperature, stirred for further 30mins, and again cooled to 0-5° C. A solution of compound of formula la6 (0. 00083mol) in methylene chloride is introduced into the reaction mixture at 0-5° C and then slowly brought to ambient temperature. It is quenched with water and is extracted with methylene chloride (3xl5ml). Combined organic layer is washed with brine and degassed under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel to get the compound of formula Id4.

Similarly is prepared compound Id5 using la5 as starting material.

Compound Id6 & Id7 are prepared from la5 & Ia6 respectively, using (4-carbethoxy-3- ethoxyphenyl) acetic acid in the place of (2-chlorophenyl) acetic acid followed by hydrolysis of the ester.

Exe ? ! itple 12 Preparation of Iel Cyclohexyl isocyanate (0. 00132mol) is added to a solution of Ia5 (0. 00132mol) in tetrahydrofuran (10ml) at ambient temperature. After stirring for 2 hrs, the reaction mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue is purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel to get pure tel.

Similarly are prepared compounds of formulas Ie2 to Ie23 by reacting Ia5 with the corresponding isocyanates.

Similarly are prepared compounds of formulas le24 to Ie34 by reacting la6 with the corresponding isocyanates.

Similarly are prepared compounds of formulas Ie35 to Ie37 by reacting Ia8 with the corresponding isocyanates.

Examp ! e 13 Preparation of lfl To a solution of formula Ia5 (0. 002mol) in methylene chloride (15ml) and diisopropylethylamine (0.003) is added portionwise 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate (0. 002mol) at ambient temperature. The mixture is stirred for 4 hours. The mixture is washed with water and concnetrated and degassed to obtain the 4-nitrophenyl carbamate derivative of Ia5 as a yellow solid.

To a stirred solution of the above carbamate derivative in methylene chloride (lOml) at ambient temperature is added a solution of cis-2, 6-dimethylpiperazine (0. 00227mol) in methylene chloride (Sml), and stirred for 8 hours. Reaction mixture is quenched with water and extracted with methylene chloride. The organic extract is washed successively with 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide, water and brine and then degassed under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel to get the compound of formula Ifl.

Similarly compound of formula If2 is prepared starting from compound Ia6.

Exal1lule 14 Preparation of Igl A mixture of cyclopentane-1, 3-dione (0. 00142mol) and Ia5 (0. 00095mol) in toluene (15ml) is heated under reflux for 6 hours. Cooled mixture to ambient temperature, water is added and the organic layer is separated. The aqueous layer is extracted with ethyl acetate (2xlSm1).

Combined organic extract is washed successively with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution

(0. 5N, lxl5ml), water, and brine, and then degassed under pressure. The residue is purified by flash column chromatography to get the pure Igl.

Similarly are prepared compounds ! g2 to Ig5 & Igll from Ia5 using the corresponding cyclic 1, 3-dines.

Similarly are prepared compounds Ig6 to IglO from Ia6 using the corresponding cyclic 1,3- diones.

Example 15 Preparation of Ih I A mixture of 3, 4-dimethoxy-3-cyclobutene-1, 2-dione (0. 0063mol) and Ia5 (0. 0063mol) in methanol (10mlo) is stirred for 8 hrs at ambient temperature and then concentrated and degassed under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel to get pure Ihl.

Similarly are prepared compounds Ih2 & Ih3 from Ia5 using the corresponding squarate ester.

Similarly are prepared compounds Ih4 to Ih6 from Ia6 using the corresponding squarate ester.

Compound li9 is prepared in a similar manner using Ia6 and 3-methoxy-4- (2, 6- dichlorophenyl) amino-cyclobut-3-en-1, 2-dione at reflux condition.

Example 16 Preparation of Iil Triethylamine (0. 023mol) and 30% aqueous methylamine solution (0. 0167mol) are added sequentially to a solution Ihl (0. 00068mol) in methanol (15ml) at 0-5° C. The mixture is gradually brought to ambient temperature and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue is quenched with water and is extracted into methylene chloride (2xi5 ml). Combined extract is washed with brine and degassed under reduced pressure. The residue is purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel to get the pure fit.

Similarly are prepared compounds Ii2 to Ii8 from Ihl using the corresponding amino compound.

Example 17 ICso determination using isolated guinea pig ileum functional assay Terminal segment of ileum of junction ofDunken Hartley guinea pig, of about 10 cm from the ileo-caecal, separated from mesenteric attachments was immediately removed and placed in Tyrode solution of compositionj NaCI 137. 0mM, KCI 2.7 mM, CaC12 1. 8 mM, MgCl2 1.05 mM, NaHC03 11. 9 mM, NaH2PO4 0.42 mM and glucose 5.6 mM, maintained at 35° C.

The lumen of the ileum was gently cleaned with Tyrode so as to remove any particle without affecting the mucosal layer of the tissue. Pieces of 1.5-2. 0 cm length were cut and placed in the organ bath of 20ml capacity, attaching one end to the tissue holder and other to the transducer by a fine cotton thread. The system was previously calibrated before start of each experiment.

Tissue was kept under a resting tension of 0.5-0. 75g. The bath solution was continuously bubbled with 95 % 02 and 5% C02 and maintained at 35° C temperature. After an initial 30 min of equilibration time the baseline was recorded and non-cumulative responses with sub maximal dose of histamine (7.2 X 10-7M) were initially recorded until the responses were reproducible.

The contractions to this typical dose of histamine in absence (only vehicle) and presence of at least 3 different concentrations of the test compounds were recorded after 15min constant incubation time. The percentage inhibitions caused by different concentrations of test compounds were plotted against the log of molar concentrations of the test compounds for the determination of ICso.

Table 10 : ICso values for selected compounds Compound No. Mean ICso (Molar concn. Ia1 1.02x10-8 Ia2 3.5x10-8 Ia3 2.88x10-9 Ia5 7.63x10-6 Ia6 8.7x10-9 lalO6 : 6x10'" Ia11 5.12x10-6 lal5 1. 2x10-' Ial6 6. 2x10- Ial7 1. 7x10-5 Ia18 4.3x10-6 Ia19 9.8x10-8 Ia22 4.5x10-7 Ia23 1.1x10-6 Ia241. 8x10'" la25 6. 4x 10-' Ia27 2.2x10-7 Ia28 1.2x10-7 Ia29 2.6x10-7 Ia30 6.9x10-8 la31 1. 3x10- Ia33 5. 8x10-6 Ia34 2. 4x10-' Ia35 4.6x10-6 Ia36 9.8x10-8 Ia37 2.97x10-8 Ia42 7.2x10-7 Ia44 2.3Ia10-6 Ib1 1.54x10-8 Ib2 2. 24x 10- 1b3 1.3x10-7 Ic3 1.5x10-7 Ic4 1.8x10-6 Ic6 2x10-6 Ic7 1.9x10-8 Id4 3.2x10-6 Id9 4.6x10-7 Id10 6.8x10-7 Ie1 >10-6 Ie29 3.2x10-6 Ial 1. 03x10'" Ig2 8.23x10-7 Ig6 9.21x10-5 Ig7 1.76x10-5 Ig10 1.32x10-5 Ih4 >10-4 Ii1 >10-4