[Electronic two-stage fueling system for gasoline internal combustion engines based on ECU-controlled fuel injection]

B- Technical field of related invention:

[This system uses a "electronic" or "electronic and mechanical" device to significantly reduce fuel consumption in gasoline internal combustion engines. ]

C- Technical problems and goal expression:

[In the past, the carburetor refueling system was mostly used. To operate the carburetor, a vacuum is required in the fuel outlet, this is done by a part of the carburetor body called the venturi. When the throttle opens, air enters the carburetor through the cylinder and flows into it. As the air passes through the venturi, due to the decrease in cross-sectional area, the air velocity increases and the venturi pressure decreases, causing suction. By connecting the fuel duct to this section, the fuel is mixed with the air and sent to the cylinder for ignition.

The following are the advantages and disadvantages of the carburetor system:

Disadvantages:

• Improper mixing of fuel and air

• Severe carburetor dependence on environmental conditions

• Lack of uniform fuel distribution to cylinders • Possibility of carburetor suffocation

• Dependence on the type of gasoline and its octane number

• More pollution than injector samples

• More vibrations and shocks compared to the injector engine Advantages:

• Ability to repair without the need for special electronics

• Easier maintenance than injector system

• Low cost of repairs in case of system failure

Today, all gasoline internal combustion engines use an injector, the Persian equivalent of which is sprayer or sprayer. The injector is of special importance and is in fact an accurate electronic valve that provides the desired fuel at the appointed time. The car's injector system actually has the same function as the carburetor, which is to mix the fuel and air in the required proportions and inject it into the engine. However, due to the nature of its components and the different system, this operation is much more accurate and desirable. It also reduces fuel consumption by 10 to 15 percent and reduces air pollution compared to carburetors. With the emphasis on reducing pollution and controlling fuel consumption and the need to use new technologies to solve air pollution problems, the use of injector systems in existing vehicles has become common. In the existing injector systems, a number of sensors such as: engine speed, manifold pressure (sensor map), gas valve, oxygen sensor, etc. are used to collect engine information. The information obtained from these sensors is sent to the car's electronic brain (ECU) and processed. After reviewing this information, the ECU implements its executive instructions on the engine's fuel system through operators.

The advantages and disadvantages of an injector fuel system are as follows:

Disadvantages:

• High maintenance requirement

• Need special tools to repair it

• Existence of sensitive, accurate and expensive parts

• Needs a lot of expertise in the production and repair of parts

• Requires more accurate gasoline filtering and better quality gasoline than carburetor systems

• High cost of production and repairs of this system, which makes the engine more expensive.

Advantages:

• Increase the volumetric and thermal efficiency of the engine

• Improved performance and increased engine torque and power output

• Relatively constant volume of incoming air • Reduce fuel consumption due to the use of accurate electronic measurement systems

• No need for chassis and better and faster engine start in cold weather

• Less engine vibrations and shocks

• Reducing pollution production, which is the most important advantage of these systems according to strict standards.

Given that injector internal combustion engines have a 10 to 15 percent reduction in emissions and fuel consumption compared to carburetors, but contribute greatly to the production of environmental pollutants and fuel consumption, the main purpose of this invention is to provide a new alternative system for It is an injector and carburetor, which significantly reduces fuel consumption and reduces environmental pollution. ]

D- Description of the status of previous knowledge and history of progress related to the claim plan:

[Gasoline internal combustion engines will need to bum a mixture of fuel and air to operate at different torque and torque conditions, as well as the weather conditions in which they will be used. For optimal combustion, which involves generating the most power with the least fuel consumption and producing the least amount of environmental pollutants from the combustion process, a device to supply the desired fuel-air mixture is required to be able to properly combine fuel and air at a certain ratio. Different engine operating conditions as well as inlet air conditions and its distribution to the engine cylinder are in the engine suction stage.

Previously, the market share was in the production line of motorcycles with single-cylinder petrol engines. So far, domestic motorcycle companies have been able to get approval from the standard fuel consumption test in the metropolitan fuel consumption system through reforms and changes in the fueling system. Currently, foreign companies are moving towards the use of injector fueling systems, which are divided into two branches (GDI) and (MPI). This system has been the ultimate solution for replacing carburetors in gasoline internal combustion engines to date. This system is currently used in semi-heavy vehicles and vehicles, and even in expensive motorcycles with a high number of cylinders and a large volume of cylinders.

Fuel injection systems are based on the use of electronic control units to manage the amount and timing of fuel injection. In this method of refueling, various sensors are used to measure environmental conditions, engine variables and driver demand.

E- Providing a solution to the existing technical problem along with a detailed and sufficient and integrated description of the invention:

[As mentioned, in previous systems, how to inject fuel "using a fuel injection table" required extensive testing on each engine individually and collecting information in different operating conditions as well as using multiple sensors, which It was very time consuming and expensive and required a lot of expertise. But making this plan in two ways:

1. Electronic system with needle jet

2. Electronic system with injector is. In the first case, this design does not require multiple sensors and is much cheaper than the second case. As a result, time is prevented for multiple experiments under different operating conditions for the fuel injection table. Also, high expertise is not required for its repair and maintenance. It should be noted that in the second case, the system performs refueling more accurately than in the first case.

The exact description of this system is that an electronic device that is placed in front of the gas valve converts the fuel into much smaller particles than the particles obtained from the injector, and this system only works with the gas valve sensor. To put it more clearly, when the engine is started by the injector or giggle similar to the carburetor in situ, the system is out of circuit and has no interference in the circuit, and after the engine needs more torque by the user, this system It takes action and converts the fuel into particles much smaller than the injector particles with more precision than the injector, and with the required air, directs it from the ventilator to the combustion chamber. Similarly, when the torque motor is higher than the in-situ mode, the system starts working and is also present in the circuit in the low- torque mode. The giggle itself stays on in place. In this system, the required fuel volume is determined only by the gas valve sensor (No. 5) which is connected to the control center (ECU) (No. 16). It should be noted that in the second case of this design, despite the injector in the system, the injector only directs a certain amount of fuel to the combustion chamber to turn on the engine and there is no interference in increasing or decreasing torque. As the injector starts as soon as the engine starts, it continues to operate until the engine is turned off, injecting only a volume of fuel into the engine, which keeps the engine running. For example, if the engine is on, the injector n directs some of the fuel to the combustion chamber so that the engine can continue to operate on the ground. The value is n. ]

F- Explaining shapes, maps and diagrams:

[Explanation: All shapes are schematic and do not have real dimensions.

Figure (1) - Overview of the design

No. (1) - Oxygen sensor; Measures the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gases and converts it into information to the ECU to the manifold.

Number (2) - Impact sensor or knock; It sends the smallest combustion shock to the control center.

Number (3) - Crankshaft status sensor; Sends the crankshaft position to the control center. Number (4) - Motor water temperature sensor; It is responsible for measuring the water temperature of the engine, which, after measuring it, notifies the control center to activate the radiator cooler in case of excessive heat.

Number (5) - Gas Valve Sensor; This sensor plays the most important role in the injector system. The throttle sensor is responsible for sending the amount of opening or closing of the throttle to the control center so that the appropriate amount of fuel is sent to the combustion chamber in proportion to the opening or closing of the valve.

Number (6) - Valve position position sensor; Sends the valve position to the control center.

No. (7) - Manifold air pressure and temperature sensor; Sends the pressure and temperature of the air entering the engine to the control center so that the control center predicts the engine temperature from the amount of inlet air temperature and its pressure.

Number (8) - Electronic cutters called Piezoelectric No. (9) - Stair motor number (10) - Candle number (11) - Injector number (12) - Gas station number (13) - Paper filter No. (14) - Rice Filter No. (15) - Felt Filter No. (16) - ECU Control Center No. (17) - Gas Valve]

G- Clear and precise expression of the benefits of the plan:

]

1. Increase engine life 2. Significant reduction in fuel consumption

3. Prevent shock or knock on the engine

4. Eliminate incomplete combustion (Prevent raw burning)

5. Significant reduction of environmental pollutants

6. Increase engine efficiency and thus produce less heat

7. Use this system in a variety of gasoline internal combustion engines

8. Prevent gasoline imports and thus save foreign exchange outflows

9. Very cheap maintenance (in the first case - Pizzo with Ziegler)

10. Need less expertise in production, maintenance (in the first case - Pizzo with Ziegler)]

11. H- Explicit mention of the executive method:

[As mentioned, this system is made in two ways: "1. Piezoelectric with Giggler" and "2. Piezoelectric with injector":

First case) Piezoelectric with Giggler (; in this method, gasoline enters the paper filter from the tank by the gas station through the fuel supply channel to remove large particles or sediments inside the gasoline and after leaving, the gasoline enters the brass filter somehow To make the particles smaller so that the fuel is completely smooth, after the gasoline comes out of these two fuel filters, it is divided into two branches with the help of the regulator that is in the path. In the first branch, the fuel enters the carburetor-like compartments in this chamber. The needle comes with a float, and as soon as the chamber is full, the float rises and the needle prevents excess gasoline from entering. The task of this jiggle is to refuel as soon as the engine is started, which is only the fuel in the engine. Provides high torque as well as low torque.

Inside the chamber there are brass cutters that can be adjusted on the outside of the chamber to increase or decrease the amount of torque in place. In the second branch, with a slight decrease in fuel pressure, it goes to the piezoelectric chamber and passes through a felt filter to take micron particles and reaches the piezoelectric to provide the volume of fuel used by the piezo and the excess gasoline is directed to the tank. As the torque increases, a pulse gas is sent to the control center (ECU) as soon as the throttle valve is opened, so that the control center issues a refueling order to increase the torque to supply the required fuel from the piezo to the combustion chamber. It should be noted that in the first case, there is no need for multiple sensors and only the throttle sensor is required to refuel the piezo at high torque.

The second case is a piezoelectric with an injector (this system uses the control center (ECU) to perform the refueling operation in two complementary ways. First, the gasoline from the tank enters the paper filter through the fuel pump through the fuel pipe to the particles. Or large sediments are taken inside the gasoline and after leaving, the gasoline enters the brass filter so that smaller particles are taken to completely smooth the fuel, then enter the injector refueling rail to deliver the required amount of fuel to the injector and then with the help of The pressure reducer directs the fuel to the return path with less pressure. In the return path, the fuel first goes to the piezoelectric chamber, passes through a felt filter to capture micron particles, and reaches the piezoelectric to supply the piezo's fuel consumption. Then the extra gasoline is directed to the tank. In the first case, the control center collects and processes the information obtained from all available sensors, directing the fuel to the injector with an almost constant volume, so that the control center from the moment of start to complete shutdown of the engine, It does this in the second step at the request of the user by increasing the torque As soon as the pulse gas valve is opened, it is sent to the control center so that the control center can issue a refueling order to provide the required fuel from the piezo to the combustion chamber to increase the torque. ]

I- Explicit mention of industrial use:

[This device is used in the automotive and motorcycle industries and in general in the design of gasoline internal combustion engines to reduce fuel consumption and reduce environmental pollution.

It is also useful for heart and lung patients (asthma, shortness of breath, allergies, etc.) due to a significant reduction in environmental pollutants. ]