The subject of the invention is an enclosure for secondary distribution modular switchgears, applicable in protecting switchgears both against adverse weather conditions and against unauthorized inspections of high, medium and low voltage switch gear, and also against accidental access by unauthorized persons, or by wild animals and birds.

State of the art

At present, power distribution substations are made as monolithic structures, taking the form of containers or buildings. Such concept brings about a number of inconveniences, mainly due to quite large external dimensions of the finished facilities and limited possibilities of prefabrication. The modular substation enclosure which is the subject of this patent application allows to shorten the time of design and construction, and thereby to reduce the costs. In addition, the small dimensions of individual components make their galvanic corrosion protection possible, and the unique concept of the external plating combined with the applied technical solutions considerably reduce the number of heat bridges, which results in good thermal insulation.

The essence of the invention

The enclosure according to the invention comprises a base-frame to which the enclosure walls are fixed, and it is provided with a cover in the form of a roof. The inventive enclosure is characterized in that the base-frame is made from a metal truss and it contains two extreme base-frame modules: the left one and the right one, and at least one middle triple and/or double module, which are connected with one another by means of a pair of permanent connections formed by a socket and a prong, and one left and one right fastening and grounding plates.

Preferably, at least a single switchgear panel is fixed .in the windows of the base- frame truss.

Preferably, the windows of the base-frame truss have their internal dimensions adjusted to the dimensions of a single switchgear module, while the width of the window ,,W" corresponds to the width of one panel of the modular switchgear, and the length of the window „!_" corresponds to the length of the panel of the modular switchgear.

Preferably, the sockets are situated in the extreme left module of the base-frame, and the prongs are situated in the middle module of the base-frame, on one side of the module, while on the other side of the middle module of the base-frame there are situated sockets, and in the extreme right module of the base-frame there are situated prongs.

Preferably, a skid frame is fixed to the base-frame, and the skids are fastened to brackets that are placed in each module of the base-frame in the truss windows.

Preferably, the brackets are made of angle irons which are permanently fastened to the inner surface of the window of the truss that forms the base-frame.

Preferably, floor covering plates containing cut-outs are fixed in the windows of the base-frame truss.

Preferably, the enclosure walls are fixed to the enclosure base-frame through a base beam which is a part of each wall module.

Preferably, the base beam is made of a bent profile, and at least one extreme left vertical beam or one extreme right vertical beam is fastened to the flat upper surface of the base beam.

Preferably, the extreme vertical beams belonging to different modules of the enclosure walls are connected with one another by means of fixing bolts which are placed in openings made in the surface margins being in contact with the adjacent mirrored parts of the vertical beams.

An embodiment of the invention.

The subject of the invention is presented as an embodiment in the drawing where fig. 1 shows the enclosure for secondary distribution modular switchgears in an exploded view, fig. 2 - a complete enclosure in a perspective view from the corner right side in the basic embodiment of the invention, fig. 3 - the complete enclosure from fig. 2 in a perspective view from the corner left side, fig. 4 - the complete enclosure from fig. 2 in a perspective view from the bottom side, fig. 5 - the complete enclosure in a perspective view from the corner right side in one of the preferred embodiments of the invention, fig. 6 - the middle three-column module of the base-frame with the switchgear panels in the basic embodiment of the invention in a perspective view, fig. 7 - the middle two- column module of the base-frame with the switchgear panels in a perspective view, fig.8 - the extreme, left module of the base-frame in a perspective view, fig. 9 - the extreme right module of the base-frame in a perspective view, fig. 10 - the connection between the modules of the base-frame from the right side in an exploded view, fig. 11 - the connection between the modules of the base-frame from the left side in an exploded view, fig. 12 - the skid frame of the enclosure from fig. 1 in a perspective view in the basic embodiment of the invention, fig. 13 - a fragment of the base of the enclosure from fig. 1 including a part of the extreme left module of the base-frame and a part of the middle module and a fragment of the skid frame, in a perspective view, fig. 14 - a fragment of the base of the enclosure from fig. 1 with a floor cover with two cut-outs, and with a floor cover with one cut-out in an exploded view, fig. 15 - a fragment of the connection between the modules of the walls of the enclosure from fig. 1 from the inner side of the enclosure, including the extreme left vertical beam and the extreme right vertical beam, and the base beam of the wall frame, in an exploded view, fig. 16 - a fragment of the vertical beams from fig. 15 in a cross-section, with a fragment of the base beams and a bolt connecting the vertical beams, fig. 17 - a fragment of the vertical beams from fig. 1 with a fragment of the horizontal beams of the walls in an exploded view, fig. 18 - a schematic presentation of a 3-module enclosure, showing the base, the roof and the front wall, fig. 19 - a schematic presentation of a 4-module enclosure, showing the base, the roof and the front wall, fig. 20 - a schematic presentation of a 5- module enclosure, showing the base, the roof and the front wall, fig. 21 - a schematic presentation of a 6-module enclosure, showing the base, the roof and the front wall, fig. 22 - a schematic presentation of a 7-module enclosure, showing the base, the roof and the front wall, fig. 23 - a schematic presentation of an 8-module enclosure, showing the base, the roof and the front wall, fig. 24 - a schematic presentation of a 9-module enclosure, showing the base, the roof and the front wall, fig. 25 - a schematic presentation of a 10-module enclosure, showing the base, the roof and the front wall, fig. 26 - a schematic presentation of an 11 -module enclosure, showing the base, the roof and the front wall.

The enclosure 1 for the panels 2 of a secondary distribution modular switchgear contains a base-frame 3 in the form of a metal truss to whose bottom side a metal skid frame 4 is fixed, and to its upper side metal frame structures of the enclosure outer walls are fixed, which structures are comprised of the modules of the left 5a and right 5b gable walls, extreme double wall modules 6, a triple wall module 7 or, not shown in fig. 1 , two- column wall module 7a (fig. 20), or, also shown in fig. 19-26, combinations of double and triple modules, or a mutual combination of double modules or only triple modules. One of the triple modules 8 of the front wall of the enclosure 1 has service door 9 fixed in it. Another service door 9a (fig. 5) can also be placed in the right extreme triple module 6b, which is shown in fig. 5 and fig. 23, 24, 26, or in a double wall module 7b, which is schematically shown in fig. 22 and fig. 25. Two extreme skeleton constructions of single roof panels 10 and a triple panel 11 comprised of three single roof panels are fastened to the frame structures of the outer walls. The middle roof panel can be also comprised of a double roof panel 11a, which is not shown in fig. 1 , but is presented schematically in fig. 19, 20, 22, 23, 25 and 26. The extreme roof panels together with the middle panels which can be a combination of panels consisting of single roof panels as well as two- and three- column panels, which is schematically shown in fig. 18-26, are connected with one another forming the metal framework of the roof structure of the enclosure 1. The roof structure framework is covered by an external roofing 12. The wall modules 5a and 5b of the enclosure 1 gable walls are covered with gable wall plating 13a and 13b. In the plating of the gable wall 13b there are openings that enable the installation of an air conditioner unit 14 and the outlet of a post-arc gas blow-off channel 15, which have been shown in fig. 3. The extreme module 6 and the triple module 7 are covered with the rear wall plating 16, and the extreme module 6 and the module 8 are covered with the front wall plating 17 which is provided with an opening 18 for the service door 9. The front and rear walls of the enclosure 1 , if they are made of other combinations of double and triple modules, are covered with plating whose dimensions are adjusted to the dimensions of the external walls of the enclosure. In another embodiment of the invention presented in fig. 5, in the external plating of the front wall there is an additional opening 19 for another service door 9a.

The base-frame 3 of the enclosure 1 comprises an extreme left base-frame module 20, a middle three-column base-frame module 21 (fig. 1 , fig. 18) and an extreme right base-frame module 23c (fig. 9). In other embodiments of the invention the middle three-column base-frame module 21 is connected with a middle two-column module 22, which is shown in fig. 7 and schematically in fig. 20, 22, 23, 25 and 26. Instead of the middle three-column module of the base frame 21 also two two-column middle modules 22 connected with each other can be used (fig. 19). The base modules 20, 21 , 22 and 23 are made in the form of trusses comprised of longitudinal beams 24 forming the truss columns and crosswise beams 25 forming the truss rows, and in the external modules 20 and 23, the left 26a (fig. 8) and right 26b (fig. 9) longitudinal beams are wider compared with the other longitudinal beams 24, and the external left 25a (fig. 8) and right 25b (fig. 9) crosswise beams after connection with one another form a permanent connecting element of the modules. The base modules, and especially the middle module 21 and/or 22 are intended for founding in them single switchgear panels 2 which are placed in the internal truss windows in such way that the width of an individual truss window ,,W" is equal to the width of a single switchgear panel 2, which is the shorter side of this panel, while the length of the truss window ,,L" measured in the direction parallel to the longitudinal beams 24 is adjusted to the external dimensions of the switchgear panel 2 and it is equal to the length of the longer side of a single panel of this switchgear. In the surroundings of each switchgear panel 2, in order to allow the switchgear personnel easy movement inside the enclosure 1 during repair or service work, at least one truss window in which no switchgear panels are located is situated parallel to the width ,,W" of the switchgear panel 2. In the presented embodiment (fig. 6) the middle three-column module 21 is suitable for placing in it a switchgear consisting of three switchgear panels 2 in a row, but the middle module can be adjusted to placing in it one or two switchgear panels, as shown in fig. 7. Moreover, the middle module can be a combination of two- and/or three-column modules adjusted to the operating requirements. The middle module 21 or 22 is connected with the module 20 and with the module 23 by means of two pairs of joints fitted to each other in a sliding way, where each pair is a joint of the prong 27b and socket 27a type, and then connected with each other in a separable way by means of fastening and grounding plates 28a, 28b fixed respectively to the bottom side of the external truss beams 25a, 25b and the bolt connections not shown in the drawing. The prong 27b has the form of a section of a rectangular-cross-section tube which is placed inside the cross-wise beam 25b and has a cross-section similar to the cross-section of the external crosswise beam 25b which is a tube of a rectangular cross-section. The prong 27b is fixed to the crosswise beam 25b by means of any permanent joint such as welding. The socket 27a is located in the external beam 25a, which is a tube of a rectangular cross-section. The cross-section of the socket 27a is adjusted to the cross- section of the prong 27b, so that when the prong 27b is inserted into the socket 27a the contact surfaces of the socket and the prong fit to one another in a sliding way. In the base-frame 3 of the enclosure 1 , in the external windows of the trusses of the modules 20, 21 , 22, 23, in which switchgear panels are not located, there is fixed at least one bracket 29 which has the form of angle irons which are welded to the longitudinal beams 24 situated parallel to each other. Steel skids 30 of the skid frame 4 which are connected with each other by rigid crossbars 31 of the skid frame 4 are attached to the brackets 29. The skids 30 are provided with lugs 32 that facilitate the transport of the enclosure 1 founded on the base frame 3. In the truss windows situated directly above the skids 30 there are fixed floor covers in the form of troughs 34 containing one cut-out 35, or troughs 33 containing two cut-outs 35. The shape of the cut-outs 35 is adjusted to the shape of the brackets 29. The other windows of the truss are filled with full floor plates, which are not shown in detail in the drawing. The side walls of the enclosure 1 are built of metal frame modules 5a, 5b, 6, 7, 8 whose width is adjusted to the external dimensions of the base in such way that the length of the frames of the left 5a and right 5b gable wall modules is equal to the width of the base-frame 3, the length of the extreme double wall modules 6 in the front and rear walls equals the width of the middle, two-column base module 22 and the width of at least one three-column module of the base-frame 23 or at least two two-column base-frame modules 22. The width of the front and rear wall frames of the enclosure 1 depends on the number and type of the modules of the base-frame 3 used in the given embodiment of the enclosure 1. Each of the wall frames contains a horizontal base beam 36 of the wall frame with a left 37a and a right 37b extreme vertical beams welded to it, to which beams external horizontal wall beams 38 are welded (fig. 17). Depending on the situation of the wall modules in relation to the enclosure 1 walls any types of bracing are used to connect internally the vertical and horizontal beams of the frames in order to increase the rigidity of the wall modules, which is of no significance to the essence of the invention and can be achieved in any way. The horizontal base beam 36 is made of a bent profile whose cross-section has the shape of two scalene angle irons connected with each other in such way that to the longer horizontal arm of one of the angle irons constituting the bottom support of the beam 36 there is attached vertically one arm of the second angle iron rotated 90 degrees in relation to the horizontal arm of the first angle iron in clockwise direction for walls situated on the right side of the enclosure 1 , or rotated counterclockwise for walls situated on the left side of the enclosure 1. The other arm of the second angle iron is situated parallel to the bottom support and it constitutes the upper support for the horizontal beam 36, bent in the same direction as the arm of the first angle iron. The bottom support of the horizontal beam 36 is attached to the external base beams 3 by bolting or welding, which is not shown in the drawing. The extreme vertical beams 37a, 37b (fig. 15) of the frames of the wall modules, belonging to different panels forming the structure of the enclosure 1 walls, have their cross-sections in the form of a rectangle partly open on one side, with the opening situated near the external left 38a and right 38b surface margins. The external margins of one beam 38a belonging to one of the modules contact the surface margins 38b of the mirror image of the second beam and they are connected with each other by means of fixing bolts 39 (fig. 16) placed in openings 40 of the vertical beam and tightened from the inner side of the enclosure 1 , which is the reason why the external side of the joined vertical beams does not have external prongs. The horizontal beams 38 in the form of metal tubes of rectangular cross-section are welded to the upper surface of the vertical beams. The structural elements of the roof consisting of roof modules whose dimensions are adjusted to the structure of the wall modules are attached to these tubes.

For the operating conditions of the invention, the modular structure of the enclosure is made in many variants. The basic variant comprising two single extreme modules of the base-frame, the left one 20 and the right one 23, and one middle triple module 21 , is presented in detail in the invention embodiment in fig. 1 and schematically in fig. 18. The headwall of this enclosure contains a triple module of the front wall 8 with the service door 9 and the extreme double wall module 6, and the roof contains two single roof panels 10 and the middle triple roof module 11.

Another variant of the embodiment of the inventive enclosure, presented in fig. 19, contains the base frame 3 formed by two single extreme modules of the base-frame, the left one 20 and the right one 23, two middle two-column modules of the base-frame 22. The headwall of this enclosure contains the front wall triple module 8 with the service door 9 and the extreme triple wall module 7, and the roof contains two single roof panels 10 and two double roof panels 11a.

In still another embodiment of the enclosure according to the invention, presented in fig. 20, the base-frame 3 contains two extreme single base-frame modules, the left one 20 and the right one 23, one middle triple module 21 , and one middle two-column base- frame module 22. The headwall of this enclosure contains the front wall triple module 8 with the service door 9 and one two-column wall module 7a and one extreme double wall module 6. In this embodiment of the invention, the roof contains two single roof panels 10, one middle triple roof panel 11 and one double roof panel 11a.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in fig. 21 , the base-frame 3 contains two single base-frame modules, the left one 20 and the right one 23, and two middle triple modules 21. The headwall of this enclosure contains the triple module of the front wall 8 with the service door 9 and one triple wall module 6a and one extreme double wall module 6. The roof includes two single roof panels 10 and two triple roof panels 11.

In still another embodiment of the invention presented in fig. 22, the base-frame 3 contains two extreme single base-frame modules, the left one 20 and the right one 23, one middle triple module 21 , and two middle two-column base-frame modules 22. The headwall of this enclosure contains the triple module of the front wall 8 with the service door 9, one two-column wall module 7a, one double wall module with the door 9a, and one extreme double wall module 6. The roof contains two single roof modules 10, the triple roof panel 11 , and one double roof panel 11a.

In still another embodiment of the invention presented in fig. 23, the base frame 3 contains two extreme single base-frame modules, the left one 20 and the right one 23, two middle triple modules 21 , and one middle two-column base-frame module 22. The headwall of this enclosure contains the triple module of the front wall 8 with the service door 9, two two-column wall modules 7a, and one extreme triple wall module with a door 6b. The roof contains two single roof panels 10, two triple roof panels 11 , and one double roof panel 11a.

In still another embodiment of the invention presented in fig. 24, the base frame 3 contains two extreme single base frame modules, the left one 20 and the right one 23, and three middle triple modules 21. The headwall of this enclosure contains the triple module of the front wall 8 with the service door 9, one fivefold wall module 6c, and one extreme triple wall module with the door 6b. The roof contains two single roof panels 10 and three triple roof panels 11.

In still another embodiment of the invention presented in fig. 25, the base-frame 3 contains two extreme single base-frame modules, the left one 20 and the right one 23, two middle triple modules 21 , and two middle two-column base frame modules 22. The headwall of this enclosure contains the triple module of the front wall 8 with the service door 9, one fivefold wall module 6c, one double wall module with a door 7b, and one extreme double wall module 6. The roof contains two single roof panels 10, two triple roof panels 11 , and two double roof panels 11a.

In still another embodiment of the invention presented in fig. 26, the base-frame 3 contains two extreme single base-frame modules, the left one 20 and the right one 23, three middle triple modules 21, and one middle two-column base-frame module 22. The headwall of this enclosure contains the triple module of the front wall 8 with the service door 9, one fivefold wall module 6c, one two-column wall module 7a, and one extreme triple wall module with the door 6b. The roof contains two single roof panels 10, three triple roof panels 11 and one double roof panel 11a.

The presented embodiments of the invention do not illustrate all possible embodiments of the enclosure, but they present practical and most frequently applicable embodiments. Construction of other enclosures in a different configuration of individual components is also possible, which is not shown in the drawing.

List of the numerical symbols in the drawing

1 - enclosure

2 - switchgear panel

3 - base-frame

4 - skid frame

5a - left gable wall module 5b -right gable wall module

6 - extreme double wall module 6a - triple wall module

6b - extreme right triple wall module with a door 6c - fivefold wall module

7 - extreme triple wall module 7a - two-column wall module

7b - double wall module with a door

8 - triple module of the front wall - service door a - the second service door 0 - single roof panel 1 - triple roof panel 1 a - double roof panel 2 - external roofing 3a - gable wall plating 3b - gable wall plating with openings 4 - AC unit 5 - outlet of the post-arc gas blow-off channel6 - rear wall plating 7 - front wall plating 8 - service door opening 9 - additional opening for another service door0 - extreme left base-frame module 1 - middle three-column base-frame module2 - middle two-column base-frame module3 - extreme right base-frame module 4 - longitudinal beam 5 - crosswise beam 5a - external left crosswise beam 5a - external right crosswise beam 6a - external left longitudinal beam 6b - external right longitudinal beam 7a - socket 7b - prong 8a - fastening and earthing plate 8b - fastening and earthing plate 9 - bracket 0 - skid 1 - skid frame crossbar 2 - lug 3 - floor cover with two cut-outs - floor cover with one cut-out - cut-out in a floor cover - base beam of the wall framea - extreme left vertical beamb -extreme right vertical beam - horizontal wall beama - external left surface margin b - external right surface margin - fixing bolt - vertical beam opening