Claims
1. Energy system for drying moist products is placed in the dryer (1) which consists of a chamber (3), in which moist products are dried, where by radial ventilator (86) drying air circulates through duct (114) passes through perforated floor (115), enters into chamber (3), flows through moist product, from which it takes moist by transmitting the heat, becomes moist air and as moist air passes through the opening (94), enters into the chamber (2) in which energy equipment is placed, characterized by that, contains hot water to air heat exchanger (15) which by hot-water installed energy sources heats moist air in order to become drying air, water steam boiler (118) which moistens dried product, air to air plate heat exchangers (7) and (8) which in the phase when moisture is removed by taking away moist air from the chamber (3) transmits the energy of part of moist air to the dry air which from the environment gets into the product drying system.
2. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains movable plates (16) and (17), placed above air to air plate heat exchangers (7) and (8), hanged on smooth tube (18) which by moving and adjusting the distance between them let moist and fresh air through air to air plate heat exchangers (7) and (8).
3. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains threaded spindle (21) with left and right thread which moves and adjusts movable plates (16) and (17).
4. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains reversible electromotor (22) with reducer, which works a three point hitch, through chain transmission (23) performs rotary motion of threaded spindle (21 ) with left and right thread.
5. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains digital moisture regulator / indicator and moisture transmitter installed in control cabinet (24) which by using moisture sensors (25), reversible electromotor (22) with reducer, which works a three point hitch, chain transmission (23), threaded spindle (21) with left and right thread, adjusting distance between movable plates (16) and (17), maintain necessary amount of relative humidity in the chamber (3).
6. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains rotating jalousie (29) which regulates the amount of moist air flow towards hot water to air heat exchanger (15) in order to maintain constant pressure of moist air towards air to air plate heat exchangers (7) and (8) during the taking out of moist from the chamber (3). 7. Energy system of claim 6, characterized by that, contains digital regulator / indicator and differential pressure transmitter, installed in control cabinet (31), and differential pressure transmitter coupled with the delivery tubes with sensors (32) and (33), which keep the adjusted pressure of moist air in front of air to air plate heat exchangers (7) and (8) and flow of moist and dry air through air to air plate heat exchangers (7) and (8) by using reversble electromotor actuator (30).
8. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains air to water heat exchanger (9) and hot water to air heat exchangers (10) and (11), which by tube installation and circulating pump (36) recover the remaining energy of moist air after passing through air to air plate heat exchangers (7) and (8) and lransmit it to dry air which comes in from the environment, before entering into air to air plate heat exchangers (7) and (8).
9. Energy system of claim 1 , characterized by that, contains solar collectors (4) which absorb the energy of diffusing and direct sun radiation, which is, by using circulating pump (51), through electromotor three-way two-position valve (52), transmitted to heat accumulator (12) at the time when temperature in collectors (4) is higher than the temperature in hot water to air heat exchanger (15). ,
10. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains air to water high temperature heat pump (5), which transmits energy of hot water by using circulating pump (50), through electromotor three-way two-position valve (52) to heat accumulator (12) at the time when temperature in solar collectors (4) is lower than the temperature in heat accumulator (12), and temperature of hot water of air to water high temperature heat pump (5) is higher than the temperature in water to air heat exchanger (15).
11 Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains hot-water boiler (6), which fransmits hot water energy, by using circulating pump (45), through electromotor three-way two- position valve (44) and electromotor three-way three-position control valve (39), which works a three point hitch, lor the heating of moist air by hot water to air heat exchanger (15) at the time when temperature in heat accumulator (12) is lower than the necessary temperature in the hot water to air heat exchanger (15).
12. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains heat accumulator (12), which accumulates the energy from solar collectors (4) at the time when by direct and diffusing radiation of sun energy temperature in solar collectors is higher ttian the necessary temperature, which is required for the heating of moist air, and if temperature is not higher, then it accumulates the energy of air to water high temperature heat pump (5). '
13. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains electromotor three-way three-position control valve (39), which works a three point hitch, which constantly adds necessary quantify of energy to hot water to air heat exchanger (15) by using circulating pump (38).
14. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains temperature regulator / indicator, installed in control cabinet (24), which by temperature transmitter (40), adjusts and maintains the drying air temperature at a set value, affecting electromotor of three-way three- position control valve (39), which works a three point hitch. 15. Energy system of claim 1 , characterized by that, contains differential thermostat (46), which by using temperature sensors (47), (48) and (49) controls temperatures difference in solar collectors (4), in relation to the temperatures in hot water to air heat exchanger (15) and air to water heat exchanger (9), if the temperature in solar collectors (4) is higher than the temperature in hot water to air heat exchanger (15), differential thermostat (46) wil turn off air to water high temperature heat pump (5), which will by its automatics turn off the circulating pump (50), turn on the circulating pump (51) and put electromotor three-way two-position valve (52) in the position to transmit the energy from solar collectors (4) to heat accumulator (12), if the temperature in solar collectors (4) is lower than the temperature in hot water to air heat exchanger (15), and higher than the temperature in air to water heat exchanger (9), differential thermostat (46) wil turn off circulating pump (51), turn on air to water high temperature heat pump (5), which will by its automatics turn on circulating pump (50), put electromotor three-way two-position valve (52) into position in which energy of air to water high temperature heat pump (5) can be transmitted towards heat accumulator (12) and put electromotor three-way two-position valve (53) into position in which energy from solar collectors (4) is transmitted towards hot water to air heat exchangers (10) and (11), and when temperature in solar collectors (4) is lower than the temperature in air to water heat exchanger (9), differential thermostat (46) will put electromotor three-way two-position valve (53) in the position to enable energy recovery by air to water heat exchanger (9) and hot water to air heat exchangers (10), (11).
16. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains differential thermostat (54) which controls the temperatures difference in solar collectors (4) and in heat accumulator (12), if the temperature in solar collectors (4) is lower than the temperature in heat accumulator (12), differential thermostat (54) will turn off the circulating pump (51), and if temperature is higher it will turn on the circulating pump (51).
17. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains differential thermostat (41) which by using temperature sensors (42) and (43) controls temperatures difference in heat accumulator (12) and in hot water to air heat exchanger (15), if the temperature in heat accumulator (12) is higher than the temperature in hot water to air heat exchanger (15), it will put electromotor three-way two-position valve (44) into position to use energy torn heat accumulator (12), turn off the hot-water boiler (6), turn off the circulating pump (45), and if temperature is not higher it will put electromotor three-way two-position valve (44) into position to use the energy from the hot-water boiler (6), turn on hot-water boiler (6) and circulating pump (45).
18. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains air flow speed transmitter (89) which by electronic frequency regulator and speed regulator / indicator, installed in control cabinet (31) adjusts number of revolutions of electromotor (87) in order to maintain the set capacity of the dry air flow through radial ventilator (86). W 2
15
19. Energy system of claim 1, characterized by that, contains boiler (118) for steam production by using electric heater (119) which passes through electromagnetic valve (124), tube (125) and perforated tube (92), expands and moistens re-circulating air by which the dried product is moistened.
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ENERGYSYSTEM FORDRYiNG MOIST PRODUCTS
Technical field relative to the invention
The invention belongs to agricultural field, and relates to the drying of moist products, particularly to the drying of tobacco. According to international patent classification (IPC) the reference number is F26B 23/00 and A24B 1/02.
Technical problem
The invention solves the problem of: reliable and efficient system for moist products drying, particularly tobacco, by the heat sources lower than 100 0 C; reducing energy consumption by using available installed energy sources; continuous supply of energy to hot water to air heat exchanger and maintaining the drying air temperature at a set value by electromotor three-way three-position control valve which works a three point hitch controlled by temperature transmitter and digital regulator / indicator; harnessing the energy from moist air, which comes out of the drying system into the environment, by energy recovery; heating the moist air by hot water to air heat exchanger, solar energy, air to water high temperature heat pump and hot-water boier; continuous maintaining of moist air relative humidity at a set value controlled by moisture transmitter and digital regulator / indicator; maintaining the necessary air flow volume by regulating the number of ventilator's motor revolutions by frequency regulator; moistening of dried tobacco with water steam.
Background Art
Tobacco producers dry tobacco with equipment called tobacco curing barns. Curing barn for tobacco drying consists of a chamber in which tobacco is threaded and packed in racks or in containers, and of a chamber in which thermogen which heats the moist air is installed. In the upper part of thermogen the heat exchanger is installed in which the fuel combustion is performed and in which moist air is heated. The maintaining of dryer's air temperature at a set value is performed by occasional switching-on of fuel combustion in heat exchanger. The radial ventilator is installed in thermogen and it performs forcible circulation of drying and moist air and suction of fresh air. Tobacco is dried by bringing dry air to the chamber for tobacco drying during which the volume of moisture in tobacco is reduced, and humidify of drying air which becomes moist air is increased. During the tobacco drying the basic parameters are: temperature, relative air humidity in the area where tobacco is dried, the volume of drying air which forcibly circulates between tobacco leaves, and fame of maintaining set temperature and humidify. Tobacco drying is performed both in the phase when moisture is not removed and in the phase when moisture is removed from the chamber where tobacco is dried. In the phase when moisture is not removed the yellowing of tobacco is
performed and it lasts for 36 to 72 hours depending on tobacco ripeness and leaf position on the tobacco stem. In the phase when moisture is removed, the fixation of leaf color, the drying of tobacco leaf and tobacco stalk are performed and that lasts for 3 to 4 days. In the phase when moisture is not removed the need for energy is smaller, the initial temperature of drying air is set between 30 0 C and 37°C, final temperature of drying air is set between 37°C and 42 0 C and relative humidity is up to 90% with great re-circulation of drying air. In the phase when moisture is removed the need for energy increases, the initial temperature of drying air is established on the basis of the final temperature of drying air in the phase when the moist air is not removed, the final temperature of drying air is 74°C and relative humidity is between 18% and 11%, with increased taking away of moist air into the environment. In the phase when moisture is not removed the air in the dryer re- circulates, and when it passes over burnt gasses to moist air heat exchanger, the moist air is heated and becomes drying air. In the phase when moisture is removed, one part of moist air re- circulates, the other partis taken out into the environment from the chamber for tobacco drying over swinging jalousies and the same volume of dry air is brought in from the environment through jalousies installed on thermogen, and it is mixed with re-circulating air. The mixed dry and moist air is heated by passing over burnt gasses to moist air heat exchanger and it becomes drying air. The regulation of moisture is performed by adjustable jalousies installed on thermogen, and the control of moisture in the chamber for tobacco drying is performed by psychrometer. The regulation of the air flow volume is preformed by adjusting the jalousies which are installed in thermogen. The tube with nozzles for water spraying for tobacco moistening is installed in thermogen above heat exchanger. Upon the drying, the tobacco is moistened with water, which is, under the pressure by using nozzles, injected into re-circulating air in the form of water mist. It is necessary to moisten tobacco because dried tobacco is breakable and is not suitable for transportation and further processing. The dryers' producers produce dryers under the name tobacco curing barns and they deliver them to tobacco producers for tobacco drying. The dryer consists of a chamber in which picked tobacco for drying which is threaded and packed in racks or containers is placed, and of a chamber in which thermogen is installed. The heat exchanger in which fuel is burnt is installed in thermogen, and heat exchanger heals the moist air which becomes drying air. These dryers use heating oil or natural gas as fuel. Tobacco producers have drying technologies which are applied for tobaccos of different ripeness and the position of picked leaf from tobacco stalk.
The utilization of energy in these dryers is 65% to 70%. The heating and maintaining of set temperature of drying air is performed with breaks in fuel burning. The drawing of energy for heating of moist air is performed in intervals; the temperature of drying air is not even which has a negative effect on biochemical processes in a tobacco leaf. The temperatures of fuel burning in heat exchanger are high. High temperatures in heat exchanger cause deformations of sheet metal at
joints as a consequence of turning the heating of moist air on and off which effects the operating life of exchanger, in the phase when moisture is removed, part of moist air is as waste taken away into environment from the chamber for tobacco drying over suspended jalousies and is returnlessly taking energy into environment. The regulation of fresh air supply is performed manually by jalousies. The control of moisture is performed by psychrometer. The regulation of air flow volume is performed manually by jalousies. The moistening of tobacco by spraying water through nozzles is inefficient because water drops are settled on tobacco leaves and they change the color of tobacco leaf on that spots.
Disclosure of the invention
The invention is efficient power system, which is placed in the chamber which is integral part of dryer, by which moist products, particularly tobacco, are dried. The dryer also has a chamber in which tobacco is placed which wll be dried threaded and packed in racks or containers. In the phase when moisture is not removed, the air in the dryer re-circulates, it is heated by passing through hot water to air heat exchanger and it becomes drying air. In the phase when moisture is removed part of moist air re-circulates, another part is taken into environment and dry air from the environment is taken in the same amount. The system passes the energy of moist air, which is taken out into environment, on to the dry air by air to air plate heat exchangers. After energy recovery by using air to air plate heat exchangers, the remaining energy in moist air is exchanged again by air to water heat exchanger and hot water to air heat exchangers and passed on to the dry air from the environment, before entering into air to air plate heat exchangers. For the heating of drying air by hot water to air heat exchanger one of three installed energy sources is chosen. The energy sources are solar energy, air to water high temperature heat pump and hot-water boier. With this system one of available energy sources for drying which has at disposal sufficient energy amount and potential can be chosen in all phases of drying, by using differential thermostats and electromotor three-way control valves. The re-circulating of hot water and continuous taking in of the necessary energy for the hot water to air heat exchanger, in order to maintain the temperature of drying air at a set value, is performed by the electromotor three-way three-position conlrol valve, which works a three point hitch. The digital regulator / indicator with moisture transmitter, by using reversble electromotor and threaded spindle, regulates the distance between movable plates and maintains the necessary volume of relative humidity in the drying chamber. The essence of this system is the heating of dry air with moist air's recovered energy, tobacco drying by using the most economic, installed source of energy which has at disposal necessary energy, continuous taking in of the energy for the drying air for drying, the maintaining of temperature and moisture at a set value during the tobacco drying, the maintaining of necessary air flow volume by using electronic
regulation of numbers of ventilator's electromotor revolutions, the moistening of dried tobacco with over-heated water steam after the drying. The solar energy carried on to solar collectors is transmitted into heat accumulator and taken away to hot water to air heat exchanger for the heating of moist air and drying of tobacco. When the temperature in solar collectors is too low for heating the drying air which dries tobacco, and higher than the temperature of hot water heated by recovered energy by air to water heat exchanger and hot water to air heat exchangers, then the energy from solar collectors is redirected to heat the dry air, which flows in from the environment, by hot water to air heat exchangers before entering air to air plate heat exchangers. The advantages of this system are low energy consumption, considerable preciseness of maintaining the temperature of drying air and moisture in the chamber in which tobacco is dried, the moistening of dried tobacco with over-heated water steam, high level of system operating safety, reducing the environmental pollution to the minimum. Great saving of energy is obtained by using this system. In the regions where tobacco is produced and dried the time of direct and diffusion sun radiation on to collectors is 36% from the total tobacco drying time, the energy saving by solar direct and diffusion radiation during tobacco drying is 25%. Ar to water high temperature heat pump makes saving of 66% by heating the moist air. 70% of energy with high potential is taken back to the dry air which comes from the environment by using recovered energy of moist air which is taken out into the environment, in the phase when moisture is removed. Total saving of energy by using this system is 90%. The system refers to safer, more economic and more efficient tobacco drying. The installed equipment for solar energy harnessing by using collectors, at the time when moist product is not dried, can be used for the heating of sanitary water. Air to water high temperature heat pump, at the time when moist product is not dried, can be used for the heating of sanitary water and for low- temperature heating of housing and office premises. Hot-water boiler, which is installed outside the dryer for moist products drying, can be used for the heating of sanitary water, housing and office premises during winter.
Short description of the drawings
The invention is descrbed in deta) per drawings as follows: Drawing 1 - shows side-view at the chamber in which energy system equipment is installed.
Drawing 2 - shows frontal view at the chamber in which energy system equipment is installed and the position of solar collectors.
Drawing 3 - shows horizontal cross-section A-A, view from above. Drawing 4 - shows the view as per longitudinal cross-section B - B, in which streaming of
the air and position of ventilator, air to water high temperature heat pump, hot water to air heat exchanger and jalousies are shown.
Drawing 5 - shows side view as per diagonal cross-section C-CJn which the positions of threaded spindle and heat exchangers for heat recovery are shown. Drawing 6 - shows view of diagonal cross-section D - D 1 in which positions of movable plates, rotational jalousies, air to air plate heat exchangers, heat accumulator, water steam boiler and ventilator electromotor are shown.
Drawing 7 - shows the scheme of hydraulic heat source connection.
Drawing 8 - shows the scheme of hydraulic moistening source connection.
Detailed description of the invention
The dryer 1 for tobacco drying consist of chamber 2 and chamber 3. Tobacco which will be dried threaded and packed in racks or in containers, is placed in chamber 3. The structure of chamber 3 is the same as the structure of the dryers' chambers which are produced and delivered by tobacco dryers' producers, and therefore it is not necessary to describe it any further.
Tobacco drying is performed in the phase when moisture is not removed and in the phase when moisture from chamber 3, in which tobacco is dried, is removed. In the phase when moisture is not removed the yellowing of tobacco is performed. In the phase when moisture is removed, the fixation of the leaf color and the drying of the tobacco leaf and tobacco stem are performed.
For the drying, tobacco producers receive drying technologies from tobacco production and drying instructors, which are applied to tobaccos of different ripeness and position of a leaf picked torn the tobacco stalk. Therefore, it is not necessary to describe the technology and tobacco drying regimes any further. This invention also provides solutions for tobacco producers to effectively and reliably supervise technologies for drying tobacco of different ripeness and position of a leaf picked from the tobacco stalk, in order to get the best possible quality of dried tobacco.
Drawings 1 to 8 show tobacco drying system. The following energy sources are used for tobacco drying: solar - radiating to solar collectors 4, air to water high temperature heat pump 5 and hot-water boiler 6 on gas, heating oil, coal, wood, biomass and electric power. Hot-water boiler 6 is placed outside the dryer 1, and solar collectors 4 are placed on the dryer's roof 1 oriented towards South. The rest of the equipment of the tobacco drying system is placed in the chamber 2 of the dryer 1.
In the phase when moisture is not removed tobacco is dried by one of available energy sources. In the phase when moisture is removed tobacco is dried by one of available installed
energy sources and recovered energy. Recovered energy is obtained by air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8, ar to water heat exchanger 9 and hot water to air heat exchangers 10 and 11 as heat exchangers, by transmitting moist air energy which comes out into environment onto the dry air which comes in from the environment. The heat accumulator 12 accumulates energy from the solar collectors 4 at the time when the temperature, higher than the necessary temperature required for the heating of moist air, is reached by direct and diffusion solar energy radiation. The heat accumulator 12 accumulates the energy from the air to water high temperature heat pump 5 if the temperature in solar collectors is lower than the temperature required for the moist air heating. The maintaining of the hot water temperature at a set value in heat accumulator 12, when air to water high temperature heat pump 5 is working, is preformed by thermostats 13 and 14. The hot water to air heat exchanger 15, heats the moist air with the energy from the heat accumulator 12 if the temperature in the heat accumulator 12 is higher than the necessary temperature required for the heating of moist air, and if temperature in heat accumulator 12 is lower than the necessary temperature required for the heating of moist air then the hot water to air heat exchanger 15 heats the moist air by using the energy from the hot- water boiler 6. Air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8 in the phase when moisture is removed, by taking the moist air out of the chamber 3, take over the energy from part of moist air to dry air which comes in from the environment into the drying system. By moving and adjusting the distance between them, the movable plates 16 and 17, hanging on smooth tube 18, placed above air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8, let moist and fresh air through air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8. The movable plates have vertically positioned rubber multi-layer gaskets 19 and 29 installed on them, with small gap next to air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8, which prevent the passing of moist and dry air out of open inlet of air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8. Movable plates 16 and 17, in the phase when moist air is not taken out, close the passage of moist and dry air towards ar to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8. Threaded spindle 21 with left and right thread performs moving and adjusting of movable plates 16 and 17. Reversble electromotor 22 with reducer, which works a three point hitch, performs rotary motion of threaded spindle 21 with left and right thread through chain transmission 23. Digital moist regulator / indicator and moist transmitter, installed into control cabinet 24, by using humidity sensor 25, reversible electromotor 22 with reducer, which works a three point hitch, chain transmission 23, threaded spindle 21 with left and right thread, by adjusting distance between movable plates 16 and 17, keep the necessary volume of relative humidity in the chamber 3 for tobacco drying. Under the movable plates 16 and 17, on the frame of air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8, sheet metal frame 26 for the protection of frame surfaces of air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8 from wearing due to moving of movable plates 16 and 17 is placed. The limit electric-switches 27 and 28 restrict the moving of movable plates 16 and 17 by turning off the
reversble electromotor 22 with reducer. The rotating jalousie 29 regulates the flow of moist air towards hot water to air heat exchanger 15 in order to keep the constant pressure of moist air towards air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8 during the removal of moist from the chamber 3. Reversible electromotor actuator 30 with reducer, which works a three point hitch performs rotational moving of rotating jalousie 29. Digital regulator / indicator and differential pressure transmitter connected to delivery tube with sensors 32 and 33 are installed in control cabinet 31, which by reversible electromotor actuator 30 keep the set moist air pressure in front of air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8 and flow of moist and dry air through air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8. The limit electric-switch 28 will reset the rotating jalousie 29 to the position of maximal flow of moist air from the duct 34 to the duct 35 and turn off the circulating pumps 36 when moist air is not taken out and dry air is not taken in by using reversible electromotor actuator 30 with reducer, which works a three point hitch. The limit electric-switch 37 limits minimal distance between movable plates 16 and 17 by turning off the reversible electromotor 22 with reducer. The air to water heat exchanger 9 and hot water to air heat exchangers 10 and 11 will, by using tube installation and circulating pump 36, recover the remaining energy of moist air after passing through air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8 and transmit the energy to dry air which comes in from the environment, before entering the air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8. The circulating pump 36 is turned on by limit electric-switch 28 at the moment of opening of flow of dry and part of moist air towards air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8. The circulating pump 38, through electromotor three-way three-position control valve 39, which works a three point hitch, continuously adds necessary amount of energy to the hot water to air heat exchanger 15. Electromotor three-way three-position control valve 39, which works a three point hitch enables the re-circulation of hot water by circulating between hot water to air heat exchanger 15 and electromotor three-way three- position control valve 39 by reducing supply of energy to the hot water to air heat exchanger 15. Electromotor three-way three-position control valve 39, which works a three point hitch regulates the supply of energy to the hot water to air heat exchanger 15. Adjustment and maintenance of drying air temperature at a set value is performed by temperature transmitter 40 and temperature regulator/ indicator, installed in control cabinet 24 affecting electromotor of three-way three-position control valve 39 which works a three point hitch. Differential thermostat 41 controls the temperatures difference in heat accumulator 12 and in hot water to air heat exchanger 15 by using temperature sensors 42 and 43. If the temperature in heat accumulator 12 is higher that the temperature in hot water to air heat exchanger 15, differential thermostat 41 will put electromotor three-way two-position valve 44 in the position to use the energy from the heat accumulator 12, turn off the hot-water boier 6 and turn off the circulating pump 45, and if temperature is not higher it will put electromotor three-way two-position valve 44 in the position to use energy from the hot-water
boiler 6, turn on the hot-water boiler 6 and the circulating pump 45. The differential thermostat 46 controls the temperatures difference in solar collectors 4 in relation to temperatures in hot water to air heat exchanger 15 and air to water heat exchanger 9 by temperature sensors 47, 48 and 49. If the temperature in solar collectors 4 is higher than the temperature in hot water to air heat exchanger 15 differential thermostat 46 wil turn off the air to water high temperature heat pump 5, which will by using its automatics turn off the circulating pump 50, turn on the circulating pump 51 and put the electromotor three-way two-position valve 52 in the position to transmit the energy from solar collectors 4 to heat accumulator 12. If the temperature in sun collectors 4 is lower than the temperature in hot water to air heat exchanger 15, and higher than the temperature in air to water heat exchanger 9, differential thermostat 46 will turn off the circulating pump 51, turn on the air to water high temperature heat pump 5 which will by using its automatics turn on the circulating pump 50, put the electromotor three-way two-position valve 52 in the position in which energy from air to water high temperature heat pump 5 can be transmitted towards heat accumulator 12 and put electromotor three-way two-position valve 53 into position in which energy from solar collectors 4 is transmitted towards hot water to air heat exchangers 10 and 11. When temperature in solar collectors 4 is lower than the temperature in air to water heat exchanger 9, differential thermostat 46 wil put electromotor three-way two-position valve 53 into position to enables energy recovery by using air to water heat exchanger 9 and hot water to air heat exchangers 10 and 11. When air to water high temperature heat pump 5, by using its automatics, turns off the circulating pump 50, at the same time, it will also shut down the jalousies 102 by electromagnetic auxiliary switch which is installed in the control cabinet 31 and reversible electromotor 103. If the temperature in solar collectors 4 is lower than the temperature in heat accumulator 12 differential thermostat 54 will turn off the circulating pump 51, by using sensors 55 and 56, and if it is higher it will turn on the circulating pump 51. The diatation of hot water and maintaining of adjusted pressure is enabled by closed expansion tanks 57, 58 and 59, and pipe installation and equipment is protected from the increased pressure by safety valves 60, 61 and 62. Balancing valves 63, 64 and 65, straightway valves 66, 67 and 68, drain valves 69, 70 and 71, automatic air vents at the highest points 72, 73, 74, 75 and 76, dirt-catchers 77, 78 and 79, pressure manometers 80 and 81 and thermometers 82, 83 and 84 are installed in the hot-water pipe installation. The differential bypass valve 85 will enable the re-circulation of part of hot water at the time when the need for consumption of energy of hot- water boiler 6 is reduced. The heating fluid is boiler water if dryers are installed at the places where minimal environmental temperatures are higher than +2°C, and if minimal environmental temperature is lower than +2°C then ethylene glycol is added to boier water in the percentage which will prevent the freezing of the fluid at low temperatures. Forcible air circulation is achieved by radial ventϊator 86 moved by electromotor 87 which are mutually connected by cardan shaft 88.
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The amount of air flow at a set value is performed by regulating number of electromotor's 87 revolutions. The number of electromotor's 87 revolutions is regulated by electronic frequency regulator installed in control cabinet 31, by air flow speed transmitter 89 and speed regulator / indicator, installed in control cabinet 31. Radial ventilator 86, half-round sheet metal 91, perforated tube 92 and hot water to air heat exchanger 15 are installed in vertical rectangular duct 90. Above the vertical rectangular duct 90 air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8 are installed, resting on bracket 93 which lies on one side of vertical rectangular duct 90. Air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8 are spaced due to safe closing of moist and dry air passage through air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8 by movable plates 16 and 17. Sheet metal frame 26 closes the space between air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8. Moist air from chamber 3 passes through the opening 94 between chambers 2 and 3 and streams into duct 34. In the phase when moisture is not removed moist air crculates from duct 34 into duct 35, passes through hot water to air heat exchanger 15 and becomes drying air. In the phase when moisture is removed part of moist air circulates from duct 34 through duct 35 towards hot water to air heat exchanger 15, and another part circulates between movable plates 16 and 17 through air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8 and through air to water heat exchanger 9 into duct 95. Moist air which by using heat exchangers passed the majority of heat to dry air becomes the air with increased relative humidity in duct 95. Part of air with increased relative humidity circulates from duct 95 through ducts 96 and 97 through protective grid 98 into environment, and another part circulates through beveled duct 99 towards air to water high temperature heat pump 5. The half-round sheet metal 100 for collecting condensate from moist air is installed in duct 96, and the condensate is taken into environment by tubes 101. Jalousies 102, which use reversible electromotor 103 with reducer for regulation of taking away of part of air with increased relative humidity towards air to water high temperature heat pump 5 are installed in beveled duct 99. In the phase when moisture is taken out from the chamber 3, in the beveled duct 104, which is open on its upper and bottom side, air with increased relative humidity from beveled duct 99 is mixed with dry air from the environment and it becomes primary air of air to water high temperature heat pump 5. The temperature regulation of primary air of air to water high temperature heat pump 5 at a set value, in the phase when the moist is removed, is performed by primary air electronic regulator / indicator installed in control cabinet 31 and by temperature transmitter 105 by using reversible electromotor 103 with reducer. In the phase when moisture is not removed primary air of air to water high temperature heat pump 5 is dry air which is taken in from the environment through fixed jalousies 106 and 107, through beveled duct 104, which is open on its upper and bottom side. In the phase when moisture is removed, dry air from the environment comes in through fixed jalousies 108 and 109, it circulates through ducts 110 and 111, passes through hot water to air heat exchangers 10 and 11, circulates through ducts 112 and 113 between movable
plates 16 and 17, through air to air plate heat exchangers 7 and 8 into duct 35, mixes with part of moist air and becomes mixed air. Mixed air circulates through hot water to air heat exchanger 15 and becomes drying air. Drying air, by using radial ventilator 86 which enables forcble air flow, circulates through duct 114, passes through perforated floor 115, enters the chamber 3, passes between tobacco leaves taking away their moisture, becomes moist air and circulates towards the opening 94 between chambers 2 and 3 into the duct 34. Filter grid 116 is installed between the chambers 2 and 3 in the opening 94. in order to start the tobacco moistening, drum-type two- position switch which is installed in control cabinet 24 should be put into tobacco moistening position, and when tobacco moistening is finished it should be reset to tobacco drying position. Drum-lype two-position switch which is installed in control cabinet 24 redirects the operation of digital moist regulator / indicator installed in control cabinet 24 by humidity microprocessor 25 from three-position operation during tobacco drying to two-position operation during tobacco moistening by thermostat 117. Tobacco is moistened with overheated water steam, which is produced in boiler 118 as saturated water steam by electric heater 119. Level regulator 120 maintains the water level in boiler 118 and enables electric heater 119 to be constantly in water. When water level is below set value, the level regulator 120 wll open electromagnetic valve 121 and will enable water under pressure to come into boiler 118, and when set level is reached, level regulator 120 wll close electromagnetic valve 121 and wil cutoff the supply of water into boier 118. Thermostat 122 turns on the electric heater 119 at a set value for water steam temperature. Limitative thermostat 123 will turn off the electric heater 119 if set temperature in boier 118 is exceeded. Electric heater 119 heats the water at a set value at which it evaporates, increases the pressure in the boiler 118 in which there hot water is in the bottom zone, and water steam is in the upper zone there. Water steam is prepared for moistening when set temperature for water steam is reached in the boiler 118. At the moment when set temperature for water steam is reached in boiler 118, on the basis of digital moisture regulator / indicator installed in control cabinet 24, by moisture microprocessor 25 by which the increase of air humidity at a set value is required, water steam will be let out from the boiler 118 by using thermostat 117 and electromagnetic valve 124. Water steam, when passing through electromagnetic valve 124 and tube 125, is expanded by pressure reduction and by perforated tube 92, which lets through over-heated steam and it moistens air in duct 35. By using radial venMator 86, which enables forcible air circulation, the air enters into vertical rectangular duct 90, gets moistened with over-heated water steam, flows through duct 114, passes through perforated floor 115, enters into chamber 3, passes between tobacco leaves, moistens tobacco, passes through the opening 94 between chambers 2 and 3, circulates through duct 34 and 35 towards rectangular duct 90 and keeps on circulating. When set air humidity value is reached or when temperature in boiler 118 is lower than the set temperature, the moistening of air will be
stopped, and air moistening cycle will be repeated until set tobacco value is reached. Half-round sheet metal 91 takes away steam condensate into environment through tube 126 during tobacco moistening. The expansion tank 127 enables the expansion of the liquid in installation and maintains operating pressure, and safety valve 128 protects installation from the increased pressure. Tobacco moistening tube installation has a non-return valve 129, water intake pressure regulator 130, dirt catcher 131, straightway valve 132, pressure manometer 133, thermometer 134 and balancing valve 135.
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