The head of a conventional toothbrush usually has a flat or slightly altered surface to which cleaning elements are attached. Usually the cleaning elements are strands of plastic material (s) formed into tufts, bundles or other groupings. The strands are attached to the head either before or after forming the toothbrush.

The toothbrush of the present inventor facili- tates more motion of cleaning elements in the toothbrush head thereby promoting healthy stimulation of gums. It is well known that the ideal brushing technique from a dental hygiene perspective is an up and down stroke along the vertical surface of teeth which massages the gums while cleaning the teeth. However, due to a number of factors, including ergonomics difficulties, haste, lack of educa-

tion or the like, few consumers use the recommended brush- ing technique. Rather, the typical consumer brushes across their teeth in a horizontal motion rather than a vertical movement. Various approaches have been taken by others to translate horizontal brush movement into partial vertical movement of the bristles or cleaning elements.

Translation of horizontal to vertical movement of cleaning elements is accomplished in United States Pat- ent No. 4,783, 869 through use of a helix groove in a mov- able shaft within a toothbrush handle. The groove re- serves a pin which rides in the groove. This mechanism causes the toothbrush head to partially rotate or oscil- late as the handle moves left-to-right or vice versa in the user's mouth. That rotation or oscillation causes the cleaning elements to move in a vertical plane perpendicu- lar to movement of the toothbrush handle.

The United States Patent No. 5,481, 775 discloses an actuate shaped base for a toothbrush head aligned with the longitudinal axis of the head. A movable arcuate block containing cleaning elements is flexibly mounted on the toothbrush head. The block is free to slide on the head in a manner whereby the cleaning elements may travel in a vertical direction generally transverse to the typi- cal side-to-side motion of the toothbrush.

United States Patent No. 5,528, 786 discloses pivotal mounting of cleaning elements that allows those

elements to move up and down in concert with a side-to- side stroke along the teeth.

A general disclosure of flexible mounting for cleaning elements on a toothbrush head is contained in United States Patent No. 5,839, 149. In this partial the cleaning elements are mounted on a flexible membrane sup- ported between a horseshoe shaped handle extension.

U. S. Patent No. 2,083, 217 issued June 8,1937 to E. I. Brothers, et al. discloses two or three circular brush sections which are arranged within cups 5 and 5' that may be screwed into mating receptacles in the tooth brush handle so that they can be removed and replaced as needed (page 2, lines 52-70). Each brush section contains stiff cleaning elements and is spaced from the other along the longitudinal axis of the handle at a distance less than the thickness of a tooth so that the brush operates on both the lingual (inside) and facial (outside) surfaces of the teeth (page 2, column 1, line 71 to column 2, line 9).

Blakeman U. S. Patent No. 2,706, 825 issued April 26,1955 discloses a replaceable bristle head for a toothbrush. The flexible head undulates in a manner so that rows of bristles move in a direction aligned with the axis of the toothbrush handle.

U. S. Patent Nos. 5,355, 546 issued October 18, 1998 and 5,839, 149 issued on November 24,1998, both to

Scheirer et al disclose cleaning elements mounted on a flexible membrane supported between a horseshoe shaped handle extension.

U. S. Patent No. 6,219, 874 B1 issued April 24, 2001 to Gelder, et al. discloses flexible mounting of toothbrush cleaning elements accomplished by segmenting portions of the toothbrush head which segments are con- nected by flexible hinges.

U. S. Patent No. 6, 338, 176 B1 issued January 15, 2002 to Smith, et al. discloses round sections of cleaning bristles mounted on individual pads that rotate within a toothbrush body. This converts backward and forward mo- tion of the toothbrush into circular motion of the clean- ing elements (column 1, lines 11-13). The bristles asso- ciated with each pad are of varying height to accommodate irregularities, gaps, pockets and contours in natural tooth formation (column 1, lines 40-45). The rotating cleaning elements can be supplemented with fixed cleaning elements adjacent thereto (Fig. 11; column 5, lines 43- 49).

Design Patents illustrating circular groups of cleaning elements are U. S. Patent Nos. Des. 273,635 issued May 1,1984 to Stocchi and D450, 929S issued November 27, 2001 to Angelina, et al. Another arrangement of three circular groupings of cleaning elements is disclosed in Danish Patent 127,188 dated September 18,1948.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This application discloses a toothbrush having multiple groupings of cleaning elements ("islands") uniquely mounted to the head of a toothbrush, which mount- ing facilitates flexible orientation of those groupings relative to the teeth and gums being cleaned. More par- ticularly, the grouping of cleaning elements are mounted relative to the toothbrush head using a transverse, flexi- ble membrane or web extending from the periphery of the cleaning elements to the sidewalls of the toothbrush head.

This flexible mounting facilitates 360 degree limited angle wobble of the cleaning elements. That, in turn, orients the cleaning element towards the teeth even if the toothbrush head is not angled directly parallel to the user's teeth.

The toothbrush of this invention includes a head in the form of a base having an upstanding wall to create a peripheral frame. A thin resilient membrane or web is mounted within the frame. The membrane or web is capable of flexing to facilitate orientation of the cleaning ele- ments carried by the membrane relative to the teeth of the user.

Preferably, the cleaning elements are bristles secured to the membrane or web by in-molded technology.

Additional cleaning elements can be arranged on the periphery of the"islands"to facilitate cleaning in

those areas between the"islands". In a preferred embodi- ment, these additional cleaning elements are fixedly mounted to the toothbrush head outside the periphery of the membrane or web flexibly holding the"islands"of cleaning elements. This combination of flexible and fixed mounting of cleaning elements provides very effective brushing of teeth.

The Drawings : Figure 1 is a perspective view of a manual toothbrush in accordance with this invention; Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the toothbrush shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a top plan view of the toothbrush shown in Figures 1-2; and Figure 4 is a top plan view of a powered toothbrush in accordance with this invention.

Detailed Description Figures 1-3 illustrate a manual toothbrush 10 in accordance with this invention. As shown therein toothbrush 10 includes a handle 12 and a head 14. Handle 12 may include a suitable grip pad 16 made of an elas- tomeric material. The invention, however, is primarily directed to the arrangement of cleaning elements relative

to head 14. As shown in Figure 2 head 14 has a base por- tion 18 with an upstanding wall 20 to create a peripheral frame extending above base portion 18. In accordance with this invention a membrane 24 is attached to this frame completely along its periphery. Membrane 24 is preferably an elastomeric material permitting 360 degree movement of the central"islands"of cleaning elements as illustrated in Figures. 1 and 3. As illustrated in these Figures, groups of cleaning elements 26,28 and 30 are longitudi- nally aligned in head 14 like islands with some space be- tween the islands. A flexible web material (not shown) can be used in lieu of membrane 24.

To facilitate tooth cleaning in these spaces be- tween the islands, additional pairs of cleaning elements 32,34 may be fixedly mounted in head 14 outside the pe- riphery of membrane 24.

The invention is particularly suitable for cleaning elements in the form of strands or bristles at- tached via in-molded technology (IMT) methods that gener- ally require small cross-sections of material into which the strands are permanently attached. The strands utiliz- ing IMT methods are preferably attached during formation of the toothbrush handle or at least during formation of the head which is the portion of the toothbrush to which the strands and other materials are attached.

The membrane 24 should be a material or combina- tions of material that can flex to become altered from its original shape and recover to its original shape randomly during brushing. The cleaning elements, for example, bristles, are attached to the flexible membrane creating a flexible orientation of cleaning elements 26,28 and 30 and by doing so improve the cleaning of the teeth. The moving bristle strands have more degrees of motion than other toothbrushes and thus represent a different and unique tooth brushing device.

In the illustrated embodiment of this invention the head 14 is generally oval in shape and the membrane 24 has a pinched waist shape corresponding to, but displaced from, the periphery of flexible mounted cleaning elements 26,28 and 30; See Figure 3. The pinch waist shape thus creates a plurality of interconnected generally circular aligned sections of progressively uniformly decreasing size toward the distal tip of head 14 carrying the clean- ing elements 26,28 and 30.

The flexible cleaning elements 26,28 and 30 are complemented by fixed cleaning elements 32 and 34 gener- ally aligned in pairs in the spaces between the flexible cleaning elements (See Figure 3). In a preferred embodi- ment of this invention, the fixed cleaning elements 32,34 are longer than the flexible cleaning elements. This con-

figuration of flexible and fixed cleaning elements maxi- mizes the cleaning power of this toothbrush.

Any suitable form of cleaning elements may be used as the cleaning elements 26,28, 30,32 and 34 in the broad practice of this invention. The term"cleaning ele- ments"is intended to be used in a generic sense which could include conventional fiber bristles or massage ele- ments or other forms of cleaning elements such as elas- tomeric fingers or walls arranged in a circular cross- sectional shape or any type of desired shape including straight portions or sinusoidal portions. Where bristles are used, the bristles could be mounted to tuft blocks or sections by extending through suitable openings in the tuft blocks so that the base of the bristles is mounted within or below the tuft block and below membrane 24.

It is to be understood that the specific illus- tration of the cleaning elements is merely for exemplary purposes. The invention can be practiced with various combinations of the same or different cleaning element configurations (such as stapled or in-molded technology bristles, anchor free technology (AFT), etc. ) and/or with the same bristle or cleaning element materials (such as nylon bristles, spiral bristles, rubber bristles, etc.) Similarly, while Figure 2 illustrates the cleaning ele- ments to be generally perpendicular to head 14, some or all of the cleaning elements may be angled at various an-

gles with respect to the outer surface of head 14. It is thereby possible to select the combination of cleaning element configurations, materials and orientations to achieve specific intended results to deliver additional oral health benefits, like enhanced cleaning tooth polish- ing, tooth whitening and/or massaging of the gums.

Handle 12, including head 14, is preferably made of hard plastic material which is used for manual toothbrushes. As noted, however, a feature of this toothbrush is use of a flexible resilient membrane 24, such as an elastomer capable of being moved from its original position and then returning to that original po- sition.

Membrane 24 may be secured to the wall 20 of head 14 in any suitable manner. Thus, for example, wall 20 includes inwardly inclined surfaces for receiving membrane 24. Other structural arrangements may be used within the practice of this invention to mount membrane 24 on head 14.

This invention may also be practiced where the head 14 includes one or more power or electrically oper- ated movable sections carrying cleaning elements.

Figure 4 illustrates a toothbrush 10A which in- cludes a power driven movable disc or section 40 having cleaning elements. The movable section 40 could be oscil- lated rotationally such as by using the type of drive

mechanism shown in U. S. Patent No. 5,625, 916, or could move in and out using the type of drive mechanism shown in U. S. Patent No. Re35,941 ; all of the details of both pat- ents are incorporated herein by reference thereto. Alter- natively, the other types of drives referred to above could move section 40 in other manners and directions.

Although Figure 4 shows movable section 50 to be at the distal end of the head, the movable section (s) could be located at any desired location on the head.