Technical field

The invention relates to a foldable composite system consisting of plate-shaped parts or solid bodies with straight lateral sides, in¬ terconnected by endless fastening elements, the parts forming the system being tu nable along and around the lines of contact, re- 5 spectively.

Background art

Constructions are known which allow the rotatable interconnection of different elements .and components, so these can be turned in re¬ lation to one .another. One of the most known solutions is represont- o ed by the hinge joints interconnecting the sides of windows and door- leaves which gener-ally consist of the pivot and the part embedded so, as to be turned around the said pivot. These types of mechanic angle hinges enable turning but in one direction. US-PS 4236560 discloses a case or wallet consisting of a lid and a frame forming the casing 5 proper provided with a covering held in position in the frame by a double clamping action between the frame and -an insert which in turn is held in position by tongues or lugs bent out of a leg of the frame against the insert so that a clamping action along the edge of the covering is accomplished along two lines extending substantially on o parallel to each other around the entire edge of the covering. Na¬ turally, edge of rotation does not change in this case. Mechanic hinges allowing bidirectional turning have been also developed. As an exa-mple let us mention the so-called Bommerhinges used at swing-doors which are rigid and formed as a hinge on places of rotations. 5 Hinges without pivots are also known, so e.g. the so-called band- -hinges, these are mostly used for interconnecting the elements of folding screens, wallets of illusionists etc. The common characteristic of said solutions lies in that the hinges are fixed to the elements displacing in relation to each other, however, simultaneously enabling o a multiaxi-al displacement, a rotary motion. Hinges are parallel and

led perpendicularly to the axis of rotation. Hinges are flexible elastic straps, made of leather or textile etc.

-jTom the Patent US-PS 4162 643 an apparatus became known having a form removably receivable in a carton or the like to maintain the 5 carton in rigidly erect condition, and a frame having side portions bounding an internal receptable dimensioned to receive the carton in removably fitted relation therein and the side portions having correspo ing edges delineating a course along which the carton is severed to convert the carton to a preselected configuration. In this case fold- o .ing is performed along the predetermined edges, it cannot be repeat¬ ed or changed.

IProm the German Patent DT-ΛS 22 ° 452 a looping and clamping device is known, used for lifting rssp. holding of loads. This consists of a closed endless strap, which is connected to relatively less flexible 5 straps and on the ends me-ans ensuring releasable connection are arrang¬ ed. Strap-loops travel on the surface of the objects, they are not fixed thereto.

Different plays are also known with which folding is playing an impor¬ tant role. Such a puzzle is disclosed e.g. in the Patent US-PS o 3892 411. The piizzle consists of a plurality of pivotal transparent strip members with indicia thereon arranged around the edges of a square playing surface and deployable against the surface in a pre¬ selected order to achieve a puzzle solution arrangement of the strips in an overlapped relationship such that the respective indicia are 5 disposed in an alternating sequence.

The Patent U3-P3 4429 S73 also discloses a foldable puzzle card comprising four elongated rectangular strips, each inducing four equal card boards which are foldably connected with each other, the four strips being disposed to form a rectangular frame, and means o for foldably connecting end card board on both sides one strip with

end card boards on both sides of the other two strips extending perpendicularly to the one strip so as to cause interconnected end card boards of the one strip and of the other strips to overlap each other. Front and rear surfaces of each card board is provided with 5 predetermined patterns whereby by suitably folding the strips a desire pattern can be formed with patterns formed on the card boards.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of this invention to provide a foldable system by connecting a plurality of rigid plate-like parts with straight la- o teral sides by endless fastening elements, with which an axis of ro¬ tation is formed along the line of contact of the parts having been interconnected by the fastening elements, while the parts can be ro¬ tated around said axis/axes/ of rotation. A further aim of the inven¬ tion lies in th-al fastening elements must not be fixed to the parts to 5 be connected but passing on the surface thereof, the parts should be enclosed.

According to the invention the aim set is achieved in such a manner that with the composite system consisting of the plate-like parts or solid bodies being stiff and with straight lateral sides in erconnect- o cd by endless fastening elements on both surfaces of the plate-like parts to be connected identically arranged grooves, divided in two groups -and running parallel with each other within the single groups are provided, wherein the grooves of the two groups are enclosing an acute angle with the lateral sides of the plate-like parts and at last 5 in the grooves endless fastening elements are .arranged so, as being independent of the parts to be connected, said fastening elements are spanning the parts to be connected in a symmetrical arrangement and so, that every endless fastening element - when Teaching a lateral side each - is led into the groove on the opposite surface of the 0 plate-like part to be connected, and in such a manner that in case of

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outermost lateral sides they are led into a groove of different direc¬ tion, while in case of lateral sides forming the line of contact, in a groove running in the same direction, as a consequence, on the surface each of the single plate-like parts only parallel fastening elements are to be found, while the fastening elements are crossing the lines of contact of the parts to be connected at least three times, wherein one crossing is of opposite direction compared to the other two.

As a fastening element any elastic filament can be used, preferably with a circular cross-section, however an elastic strip with a quad¬ ratic cross-section can be also used.

Cross-section of the grooves in the surface of the plate-like parts are formed in compliance with the cross-section of the fastening e- lement, and in such a ra-anner, that the fastening elements should lie beneath the plane of the surface of the plate-like parts to be connected, or can extend to said plane at most. llumber of the plate-like parts to be connected may a;nount to two or more - theoretically of infinite number - while size and shape are preferably identical. In order to facilitate rotation along the lines of contact, lateral sides of the plate-like parts are bevelled or rounded-of .

In a preferred embodiment of the invention one or both surfaces of the parts to be connected markings, numbers, letters, parts of a text or a pattern are to be found serving for differentiating and determinating their position, respectively.

In another preferred embodiment four plate-like parts are interconnect¬ ed with four endless fastening elements, while the plate-like parts are squares of identical size and formation, as a consequence, the grooves formed in the sur acial faces are enclosing a right angle, while the angle enclosed with the lateral edges equals to 45 .

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In a preferred embodiment the parts to be interconnected are fastened by pairs, however, an embodiment is also possible, wherein the parts to be connected are fastened by fours.

The foldable composite system according to the invention ensures that the plate-like parts having been connected as described, form an axis of rotation along their lines of contact, along which they can be rotat¬ ed, while when ro-aarranged and coming to other plate-like parts, new axes of rotations may be formed, while the earlier ones do not exist anymore, they are provisionally vanishing, that means that axes of ro- tation are "wandering". "ϊfandering" .axes of rotation following one nother enclose with the earlier axis of rotation a right angle in the plane or space.

As already mentioned, the fastening elements are not fixed to the single plate-like parts, but are passing in the grooves formed on the surface thereof, while they span said plate-like parts.

J?rom the composite system, foldable, as described, in accordance with the invention, by the aid of the different markings, letters, numbers, colour, text or pattern parts carried by the plate-parts, most enl r- taining games can be played, complexity of the game depending on the number of the p-arts connected. As it will become obvious from ϊ?ig. 9 _> by folding the plate-like parts not only planar but also spatial for¬ mations can be obtained, making the gεune even more diversified. Mak¬ ing puzzle is enly one of the possible fields of application, why, in the same manner systems for advertising and publicity ptirposes, as well as educational and didacting means, etc. can be developed, furtheron, by selecting other sizes and materials, partition walls, decorative and packing materials can be obtained.

The considerable advantage of the foldable composite system lies in that it does not comprise parts to be fixed firmly, accordingly comp- licated assemly is not required, parts to be made of metal are not

contained, so protection against corrosion becomes superfluous; useful life is long, as components tending to failure are not con¬ tained. As plate-like parts are preferably made of a synthetic ma¬ terial, formation of grooves can be performed with a relatively simpl mass-production character.

Brief Description of Drawings

Further objects and advantages of the invention can be more fully understood from the following detailed description of some pre¬ ferred embodiments of the invention, which refers to the accompa¬ nying drawings, wherein: Pig. 1 is a top view of the foldable systoa consisting of four parts, Pig. 2 is a partial sectional view t-aken along section lines A-A of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view taken along section lines B-B of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 illustrates schematically the top view of a part of the fold- able system according to Pig. 1; Fig. 5 is a top view of a part of the system according to the inven¬ tion, somewhat differing from that according to Fig. 1; Fig. 6 illustrates schematically a system connected from four parts, wherein the parts axe arranged in a linear manner; Fig. 7 showing a foldable system consisting of twelve parts, wherein the parts are arranged in a closed linear form; Pig. 8 showing a view of a system connected from eight parts, in a double-row surface-like arrangement;

Fig. 9 showing a system composed of six parts, wherein a spatial arrangement was formed from the planar arrangement.

Best Lbdo of Carrying; Out the Invention .

Referring to Pig. 1, a foldable system is composed of four parts marked A, B, C and D. lateral sides of the part are indicated by

order of succession with a, b, c, d, lateral sides of the part B with o, f, g and h, lateral sides of part C with i, j, k, 1 and at last lateral sides of the part D arc indicated with , n, o -and p. The four plate-like elements -are interconnected by means of the annular spliced flexible fastening elements 1, 2, 3 and 4 with a circular cross-section. Connection is realized so, that in both surfaces of the elements A, B, C and D grooves 5 are formed, divid¬ ed in two parts, running within one group parallel with one another, and forming with the lateral sides a, b, c and d. etc. an angle :_. , resp. an acute angle β .

Grooves belonging to the two groups intersect each other at an angle •r- r • resp. . In the grooves the fastening elements 1, 2, 3 resp.

4 are arranged so, that on the places indicated in Fig. 1 with a continuous line the fastening elements are passing on the upper sur- face of the elements A, B, C and D, while on the places indicated with a dotted lino, they pass through the under surface of the ele¬ ments. That means, that the fastening elements 1, 2, 3 resp. 4 are passing on the two sections in one resp. in the other direction, so they are recurring in itselves, meanwhile, as often as thoy arrive at the lateral sides a, b, c etc. they are put over into the groove

5 on the other surface of the elements A, 3, C resp. D. In case, if the lateral side is seated on the outmost part of the system, direc¬ tion of the groove 5 on the other surface of the same plate-like part deviates in the opposite direction at an angle - resp. (J , while at the lateral sides forming the line of contact, the grooves running on the other surface of the plate-like confining part are in the same direction, as the previous ones. Fig. 2 illustrates an enlarged view of the groove 5. It can be well seen that the groove 5 is formed with sides perpendicular to the element surface, with a bottom part being parallel with the element surface and slanting wall-parts connecting

the bottom-part -and the sides. The fastening element in Fig. 2 has a circular cross-section, however, in practice a different cross- -section is also permissible. Grooves 5 are formed in a depth, that fastening elements cannot emerge from the surface of the elements A, B, C, D.

■Fig. 3 gives an enlarged view from the lateral side p. It can bo v/ell seen, that the element D - and so the elements A, B, C - sure bevelled along the lateral sides, thus facilitating folding of the lateral sides coming next to one another around the mutually formed axis of rotation.

With the system according to Fig. 1 application of the fastening elements enables folding along the axes bn-hl, or cg-mi. In the former case the lateral 3ides ae-ek are forming a new axis of rota¬ tion, so the lateral sides b-h and n-1 forming the earlier axis bn-hl, as well as lateral sides c-m and g-i can be displaced in relation to each other along the previously mentioned axes ae-ok, as a result a prism will be obtained being natur.ally open at the bottom and the top.

This prism can be extended by pulling apart the lateral sides c-m and g-i resulting in a new axis of rotation - now along the sides <3f-pj - _> when folding the parts A, B, C resp. D around this new axis of rotation, the parts can be spread apart, similarly to the embodiment according to Fig. 1, however, it goes without saying that order of sequence resp. position of the parts - and so position of the lateral sides a-p, will change.

Similεir folding can be performed, if we begin folding along the axis cg-mi.

Situation is changing, if folding is performed either along the axis bm-hl or the axis cg-mi, but parts A, B, C and D are not turned upside, but downwards. Now the following will happen: let us fold along the

axis cm-hl, a new axis of rotation is formed along the lateral sides cg-mi, around which the parts A, B, C and D can be spread apart in four directions, i.e. in a starshape, when folded further, repeatedly two sheets are obtained, which can be folded apart into the starting shape along the new axis of rotationformed along the lateral sides df-jp, wherein, as well as parts A, B, C and D and similarly, lateral sides a-p are arranged quite differently from the initial pattern.

That all means, that if on the surfaces of the parts A, B, C and D pattern parts forming a uniform pattern in the starting position are arranged, by performing the previously described folding m-anipulations, the pattern parts can be optionally mixed and we may produce quite a new pattern, being totally different from the original one, whereafter starting position may be repeatedly restored. The markings, symbols, letters, numbers, pattern parts etc. arranged on the surfaces of the parts A, 3, C resp. D serve for control. In such a manner a most enter¬ taining puzzle or an attention engaging advertising device is staying at disposal.

The foldable composite system as illustrated in Fig's 1 to 3 can be considered as a basic embodiment; with this embodiment the lateral side a, b, c etc. of the parts A, 3, C resp. D are of o ual length. Basod on geo etric conception, it is to be understood, that the grooves 5 are running perpendicularly to each other within the single groups, i.e. ^s = ^ 90 , accordingly, the conclusion can be made, in so far as the i Λ 0 angles enclosed by the lateral sides a, b, c etc . ~χ = = 45 .

In Fig . 5 plate-part is to be seen, with which lateral sides a and c are of equal length, however, they are shorter , than lateral sides b and d, which are also of identical len^h . From these - based on geomet- ric conceptions - it is to be understood, that the angles ' and en- closed by the groups of the grooves 5 are different , so the and

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p - of course, being identical - differ from the angles -^.' -and f ^" ' enclosed by the grooves 5 and the lateral sides b and d, resp. Apart from this, fastening arrangement having been formed in accord¬ ance with the mode, as described in connection with Fig. 1, yields the same possibilities of folding, based on the same conformity to rules, as the methods of folding having been detailed in connection with Fig. 1.

The foldable composite system according to the invention can be arranged in a serial, linear connection - see Fig. 6 - or as a closed line - see Pig.7 - or the combination thereof, furtheron a surfacial arrangement - as to be seen in Fig. 8 - or a spatial for¬ mation - according to Fig. 9 - are also possible.

In case of the embodiment according to Fig. 6, wherein the plate- - like p^arts A, 3, C and D are linearly arranged, connection by fast- ening elements may take place by pairs, namely in the arrangement A3, CD and BC.

The arrangement in a closed line, as to be seen i:. Fig. 7, consists of twelve plate-like parts, indicated A to L. In this case connec¬ tion by fastening elements may take place by four parts, so A3CD, 3FGH, AIJZ, DK1II, however, connection by pairs - according to the description in connection with Fig. 6 - becomes also possible.

The surfacial arrangement according to Fig. 8 consists of eight plate- -like parts indicated with A to H. Vith this embodiment connection by fastening elements becomes possibly in a four-part connection, ACEG, 3D3H, CD3P.

At last, with the embodiment according to Fig. 9, the spatial arr.ange- ment includes six connected plate-like parts. This spatial arrangement can be formed from a planar arrangement and vice versa.

The embodiments to be seen in the Fig's serving as examples may be combined in several ways, besides further embodiments -are also possibl

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without leaving the scope of protection having been defined in the claims. So e.g. no restrictions exist in respect to the material of the plate-like parts or the fastening elements, dimensions can be chosen optionally, always in compliance with the application intended. Although the foldable composite system was elaborated in particular for the purpose of game and advertisment , it can be successfully used for other purposes, so as partition element, packing materials, or for decor ative purposes.

Hay we mention a further advantageous embodiment, wherein the plate- -like parts to be connected are made of two transparent plates each, and inbetween - i.e. in the inside of the plate-like parts - markings, numbers, letters, text- or pattern parts are to be found, serving for differenti ting or determination of their position, while the patterns are to be seen from one or both sides.