Field of technology

The Invention involves a gearing mechanism, more particularly, a gearing mechanism designed to transmit linear motion to rotational motion, consisting of a connecting rod executing linear reversing motion and a driven shaft.

Existing status of the technology

Currently we know piston engines using a crank shaft to transmit linear reversal motion of a piston to rotational motion.

This transmission method is known to have a number of negatives including unfavourable force ratios in both upper and lower piston dead point, losses caused by piston angle deviations in moving between the upper and lower dead point, forming up to 40 % of the loss of the ideal track performance of the given expansion effect at the moment of intersection of the maximum deviation point determined by a crank shaft circular track axis, large weight of each component and related overcoming of inertial forces, and also problems related to a different material expansivity of the piston pin and the aluminium piston. All what is mentioned above results in complicated and thus expensive production.

The increased weight of both the engine and the vehicle as such further increases fuel consumption, resulting in unnecessary air pollution by increased production of harmful substances. The reduced engine performance activity and adaptability to a given action by the vehicle driver are additional negatives.

From the above-mentioned information, the large number of negatives of the current technology status is obvious.

The aim of this Invention is to develop a gear mechanism that would eliminate as many negatives of the technology status listed above known up-to-date as possible. Principle of the Invention

The negatives listed above shall be, to a considerable extent, eliminated and the aim of the Invention fulfilled by a gear mechanism, more particularly, a gearing mechanism designed to transmit linear motion to rotational motion consisting of a connecting rod executing linear reversing motion and a driven shaft, based on the Invention, principle of which shall lie in the fact that the mechanism shall contain at least one hollow connecting rod and a driven shaft, on which at least two gear wheels shall be placed that at the same time are engaged in the rack gearing formed in the hollow connecting rod and that are connected with the driven shaft by a stopping device, which keeps the gear wheels engaged in one direction of motion of the hollow connecting rod, while keeping a free wheel running mode of the gear wheels in the other direction of the hollow connecting rod, where in each of the directions of the linear reversal motion of the hollow connecting rod one of the gear wheels stays engaged, while at the same time the other gear wheel is in its free wheel running mode. The driven shaft shall be placed in a case. The rack gearing and the gear wheels contain skew entering edges absorbing mutual axial motion between the gears and the gearings.

The efficient make of the gear mechanism shall contain three gear wheels, of which two such gear wheels are in engagement between the hollow connecting rod and the driven shaft at the moment of force pressure on the hollow connecting rod, and the third gear wheel is in engagement at the moment of reversal run of the hollow connecting rod.

The most efficient make shall contain gear wheels, which are in engagement between the hollow connecting rod and the driven shaft at the moment of force pressure, placed in the outer rack gearing of the hollow connecting rod, where the gear wheel that is in engagement at the moment of reversal run of the hollow connecting rod is placed in the inner rack gearing.

The efficient option of the gear mechanism shall consist of at least two hollow connecting rods, where at least a single gear wheel placed in the gear case and at the same time engaged in the rack gearing formed on the side walls of the hollow connecting rods is located between each twin of the hollow connecting rods. In the most efficient option, the gear wheel shall rest on a pin in the gear case. The most efficient stopping device make shall consist of a roller bearing placed on the outer surface of the enclosure and on the inner surface of the gear wheel, where the surface of the enclosure shall include a gear ratchet-wheel, in which at least one ratchet placed on the gear wheel is interlocked. The ratchet shall be pressed in the gear ratchet-wheel by a spring placed in the gear wheel along the same axis as that of the ratchet.

The efficient solution shall involve a stopping device containing at least a pair of ratchets placed on a single axis.

The gearing mechanism according to the Invention shall fluently transmit linear reversing motion to rotational motion, and the connecting rods shall move in parallel with the motion of the piston. This shall provide for simplifying the whole construction, thus considerably reducing not only the weight of each construction component, but even the weight of the gear mechanism as such. In addition, the above-mentioned solution shall simplify the piston design that does not need to include a piston pin to compensate for side motion of the connection rod. Moreover, the above-mentioned solution shall mean considerable facilitation of manufacturing the combustion engine as such with resulting decrease of its price. The simplified design shall yield higher efficiency and related reduction of fuel and air pollution.

The gear mechanism in accordance with the Invention can be used in a number of industries such as aircraft, railway, automotive, and mining, but also in power production.

Listing of the pictures contained in the drawing

The Invention is exemplified more specifically by means of the drawing, in which Picture 1 depicts an axonometric section view of the entire gearing mechanism layout; Picture 2 depicts the section view of the gearing mechanism placed in the case; Picture 3 depicts a section view of the layout of the gear wheels in the rack gearing of the hollow connecting rod; Picture 4 depicts a section view of the placement of the gear wheels in the hollow connecting rods and on the driven shaft; and Picture 5 depicts a section view of the stopping device. Sample design of the Invention

The gearing mechanism (Pic.1) designed to transmit linear motion to rotational motion consists of a twin of connecting rods 1 and a driven shaft 2.

Two triples of gear wheels 3,6 are placed on the driven shaft 2; at the same time, the wheels are in engagement in the rack gearing 4 (Pic.3) formed in the hollow connecting rods 1_.

Two wheels out of the gear wheels 3 are always in engagement between the hollow connecting rod and the driven shaft 2 at the moment of force pressure on the hollow connecting rod, and the third gear wheel is in engagement at the moment of reversal run of the hollow connecting rod 1.

The gear wheels 3,6 are connected with the driven shaft 2 by a stopping device 5 (Pic.4, Pic.5) which keeps the gear wheels 3 in their engagement in one direction of motion of the hollow connecting rod 1, while keeping them in free wheel running mode in the other direction of the hollow connecting rod 1, where in each of the directions of the linear reversal motion of the hollow connecting rod 1 one of the gear wheels 3 is in engagement, while at the same time the other gear wheel 6 is in its free wheel running mode.

The stopping device 5 consists of a roller bearing 20 placed on the outer surface of the enclosure 18 and on the inner surface of the gear wheel 3,6, where the surface of the enclosure 18 includes a gear ratchet-wheel 19, in which four ratchets 9 placed on the gear wheel 3,6 are interlocked, where the ratchets 9 are evenly distributed along the perimeter of each gear wheel 3,6, while every twin of the ratchets 9 is placed on a common axis 7.

The ratchet 9 is pressed in the gear ratchet-wheel 19 by a spring 17 placed each gear wheel 3, 6 along the same axis as that of the ratchet 9. The enclosure 18 is attached to the driven shaft 2 by means of a key 21

The gear wheels 3 that are in engagement between the hollow connecting rod 1 and the driven shaft 2 at the moment of force pressure on the hollow connecting rod 1 are placed on the outer rack gearing 8 of the hollow connecting rod 1, while the gear wheel 6 that is in engagement at the moment of reversal run of the hollow connecting rod 1 is placed in the inner rack gearing 10.

Between each twin of the hollow connecting rods 1, see Picture 2, there are two gear wheels H placed in the gear case 13, which at the same time are engaged in the rack gearings 12 formed on the side walls of each hollow connecting rod 1. Each gear wheel H is placed on a pin _. 14 in the gear case 13.

The rack gearing 4 and the gear wheels 3,6 contain skew entering edges 15,16 absorbing mutual axial motion between the gears and the gearings. The driven shaft 2 is placed in the gear case 13 by means of the bearings 22.

Industrial use

The gearing mechanism in accordance with this Invention can be particularly used to transmit linear motion to rotational motion in piston combustion engines.

List of reference marks

1 Hollow connecting rod

2 Driven shaft

3 Gear wheel I

4 Rack gearing I

5 Stopping device

6 Gear wheel Il

7 Axis

8 Outer rack gearing

9 Ratchet

10 Inner rack gearing

11 Gear wheel III

12 Rack gearing Il

13 Case

14 Pin

15 Skew entering edge

16 Skew entering edge

17 Spring

18 Enclosure

19 Gear ratchet-wheel

20 Bearing

21 Key

22 Bearing