EARTHQUAKES AND TERRORISM

Technical Field

An innovative method for buildings construction by building from top to bottom (from top floor down to lower floor), by constructing four periphery columns, fixing two intersectional steel-wire cables on top of them, and hanging from these two wires, five installation columns, a central one on the intersection between the two wires, and a four terminal ones, where these columns will be used for installing, and hanging top floor's roof beams, after finishing roof installation, this roof to be stringed from its four corners to the four land corners' columns using steel-wire cables, the next step is installing top floor's columns, then in the same way coming down to finish level after level till finishing the lower floor, taking into consideration lower level's ground will be rested on land.

Background Art

Conventional methods of buildings construction that available now a day's depends on constructing buildings from bottom/base of the building coming up to the top of the building, which mainly based in construction using reinforced concrete bases, steel and reinforced concrete columns after soil excavation and surface preparation, by building from bottom/base level of the building level/floor by level up to the top level of the building, which means that the main fixation of the buildings is the reinforced concrete base in the land.

Disclosure of Invasion

- Technical Problem

The conventionally constructed buildings when subjected to a terrorist bombing or earthquake can lead to loosening of the soil that is installed by the bases of the building where they are exposed to sever shear forces, which occurs collapse of these bases installed by the building and thus breaks down the building in whole or in part by the degree of destruction of these bases, leading to significant losses of life and property.

- Solution to problem

The idea of the innovative construction method is to rely on the construction contrary to all the conventional methods; which is building from top to bottom (i.e. from the top floor and down to the basement), where the idea is very simply to create a number four columns of steel / concrete in the four corners of the land to be building this building on it and installs on the top of these columns an intersectional two steel-wire cables, such as those used in the installation of bridges outstanding such as Salam Mubarak Bridge spanning the Suez Canal, then hanging on these two steel-wire cables a five steel columns; a central (core) construction column installed at the intersection of the two steel-wire columns and a four terminal construction columns, that will be the hanging and the installation of steel beams components for the roof of the upper floor of the building, then after the completion of installation sectors of steel components of the roof of the upper floor, this constructed roof will be stringed from its four corners with four steel-wire cables to the four corner columns surrounding the land of the building, then the columns of the top floor to be installed at lower part of the constructed top floor's roof, and so the same way down to the basement is the completion of the construction of the building so that the base of the basement anchored on the surface of the flat land.

- In case of any terrorist attack with explosive chargers on any of the four corner columns surrounding the land or the four corner columns once, leading to the collapse of one of these columns or the four columns at once, however, does not happen the collapse of the building where the weight of this building makes it rested on the surface of the land even after the collapse of these columns, where after the completion of building construction on land surface; the building doesn't depend in its standing on any of these columns or even like other conventional methods on reinforced concrete bases, and the damages will be limited to only in the strength of the wave explosiveness and its impact on the facades of the building that are in any way with limited impact.

- As well as, when the building subjected to earthquakes, where there is severe disturbance of the land does not affect the building even if it led to the collapse of the corner columns surrounding the building land because the building is not installed by reinforced concrete bases into the land like the conventionally built buildings.

- Thus achieving the goal of this innovative method with the protection against terrorism, earthquakes, without the need for any significant increase in the cost of construction from conventional methods.

- Also this method can be used to build over water surfaces particularly in countries that suffer from a lack of land areas as Japan does.

Brief Description of Drawings

- Fig. 1: A plan view for limits of the land to be built upon

Item no. 1 Steel / Reinforced concrete column

- Fig. 2: An isometric view on 45 degree angle for the steel / concrete

columns with the steel- wire cables installed

Item no. 1 Steel / Reinforced concrete column

Item no. 2 Steel-wire cable

- Fig. 3: Elevation view for starting-construction steel columns

Item no. 1 Steel beam

Item no. 2 Steel end plate

Item no. 3 Lifting lug steel plate

- Fig. 4: An isometric view on 45 degree angle for the hanging view of

the starting construction columns

Item no. 1 Steel Shackle

Item no. 2 Central starting construction column Item no. 3 Terminal starting construction column Item no. 4 Steel-wire cable

- Fig. 5: An isometric view on 45 degree angle for the upper floor's roof after completion of its assembly, hanging and stringing Item no. 1 Steel beams of upper floor's roof

Item no. 2 Steel-wire cable

- Fig. 6: An isometric view on 45 degree angle for the upper floor after its assembly, hanging and stringing

Item no. 1 Steel columns of upper floor

Item no. 2 Upper floor's roof

Item no. 3 Upper floor's base

Item no. 4 Steel-wire cable

- Fig. 7: An isometric view on 45 degree angle for the building after the completion of construction, hanging and stringing

- Fig. 8: A plan view illustrating how to build the complex, consisting of four buildings

Item no. 1 Building number 1 Item no. 2 Building number 2 Item no. 3 Building number 3 Item no. 4 Building number 4 Item no. 5-13 Peripheral columns

- Fig. 9: A plan view illustrating how to build a large area building using large area building construction method

Item no. 1 Central starting construction column

Item no. 2-5 Terminal starting construction column Item no. 6-9 Terminal additional starting construction

column

- Fig. 10: A plan view illustrating how to build as large area building using circular reinforced concrete columns

Item no. 1 A circular cross-section reinforced concrete column

Item no. 2 Side steel-wire cable Item no. 3 Intersectional steel-wire cables Item no. 4 Hanged starting construction columns Item no. 5 Side (corner) hanging steel-wire cables

- Fig. 11: An isometric view on 45 degree angle for the building after the completion of construction, hanging and stringing

- Fig. 12: A plan view illustrating how to build the complex, consisting of four buildings

Item no. 1 Building number 1 Item no. 2 Building number 2 Item no. 3 Building number 3 Item no. 4 Building number 4

- Fig. 13: A plan view illustrating how to build using this innovative method

Item no. 1 Steel / Reinforced concrete column

Item no. 2 Side steel-wire cable

Item no. 3 Intersectional steel-wire cables

Item no. 4 Hanged starting construction column

Item no. 5 Side of one the building floors - Fig. 14: An isometric view on 45 degree angle for the building after the completion of construction, hanging and stringing

- Fig. 15: A plan view illustrating how to build the complex, consisting

of four buildings

Item no. 1 Building number 1

Item no. 2 Building number 2

Item no. 3 Building number 3

Item no. 4 Building number 4

Industrial Applicability

Basic Method

1 - Create a number of four columns of steel / concrete (fig. 1 - item no. l) on the borders (corners) of the land intended for construction where these columns to be oriented with 45 degrees rotation from the vertical level to withstand the tension forces, and bending moments and any other forces resulting from the lift and load of the building during construction by steel-wire cables as shown in fig. l with a plan view for limits of the land to be built upon.

2 - Installation of two steel-wire cables (fig. 2 - item no. 2), such as that used in the establishment of hanged bridges, intersectional at the highest point of the four steel / concrete corner columns (fig. 2 - item no. 1) on the borders of the land, so bear weight of the four steel columns that will be used in the installation and the hanging of the top floor's roof of the building, and also bear the weight of the roof of the upper floor of the building as shown in fig. 2 with an isometric view on 45 degree angle for the steel / concrete columns with the steel- wire cables installed.

3 - Fabrication of five (starting-construction) steel columns required for hanging the roof of the top floor and thus start the installation of the building, these columns are fabricated from steel beams (fig. 3 - item no. l) terminated by steel end plates (fig. 3 - item no.2) welded to it with also a welded lifting lugs to the end plates (fig. 3 - item no.3) as shown in fig. 3 with elevation view for starting- construction steel columns.

4 - Steel Shackles (fig. 4 - item no. l) are used to hang the five construction steel-columns; the central construction column (fig. 4 - item no.2) and the other four terminal construction columns (fig. 4 - item no.3), to the intersectional steel-wire cables (fig. 4 - item no. 4) in preparation to start the installation and hanging of the upper floor's roof as shown in fig. 4 with an isometric view on 45 degree angle for the hanging view of the starting construction columns.

5 - Steel beams (fig. 5 - item no. 1) forming the roof of the upper floor to be installed by the central starting construction column which hanged from the intersection of the steel-wire cables and with also the other hanged four terminal construction columns, after the completion of assembly and tighten of upper floor's roof steel beams, the roof to be hanged and stringed from its four corners to the four corner (border) steel / concrete columns with steel- wire cables (fig. 5 - item no.2) as shown in fig. 5 with an isometric view on 45 degree angle for the upper floor's roof after completion of its assembly, hanging and stringing.

6 - Central starting construction column after its installation at the intersection of the steel-wire cables then it is now governed and thus there is no chance of it to slip on the steel- wire cables making it as the keeper of the distance between it and the terminal starting construction columns and thus preserves the spaces at the installation of the beams of upper floor's roof, also is regarded as the core of the building began with it then to every floor's central core column of the building as will be seen later.

7 - The next step is the installation of the steel columns of the upper floor (fig. 6 - item no.1) in the lower part of upper floor's roof (fig. 6 - item no.2) then fixing the floor (base) of the upper floor to these columns (fig. 6 - item no. 3) where this floor is also the roof of the next floor from the top, then hanging and stringing the installed floor (base) with steel-wire cables (fig. 6 - item no.4) as has been done for the roof as explained in the fifth paragraph and also as shown in fig. 6 with an isometric view on 45 degree angle for the upper floor after its assembly, hanging and stringing.

8 - Similarly as the preceding two paragraphs the rest of the building construction completed down to the basement so that the base of the building to be exactly resting on land surface as shown in fig. 7 with an isometric view on 45 degree angle for the building after the completion of construction, hanging and stringing.

9 - The cost of construction using this method became a minimum when building a group of buildings adjacent to each other as the number of at least four buildings, where they construct the same way one after the other in the form box (fig. 8 - item numbers from 1 to 4), so that requires to build these four buildings, only a number of (9) peripheral columns (fig. 8 - item numbers from 5 to 13) as shown in fig. 8 with a plan view illustrating how to build the complex, consisting of four buildings.

Additional methods:

Other innovative methods of construction according to the needs, as an example when the need of large area buildings as will be illustrated in the next additional methods:

1 - The first method: The construction of the building by central starting construction column which is installed at the intersection of the two steel-wire cables (fig. 9 - item no. l) and the four terminal starting construction column (fig. 9 - item numbers from 2 to 5) as well as four additional columns (fig. 9 - item numbers from 6 to 9), which means that building with this method by using nine starting construction column, which helps to build a large area buildings as needed as shown in fig. 9 with a plan view illustrating how to build a large area building using this method.

2 - The second method: In this method the corner columns at land boundaries to be made from reinforced concrete with a circular cross section (fig. 10 - item no.l) so that a steel-wire cables to be fixed to the columns from three sides and so that hanging a four-side steel-wire cables on the top of the four corner columns (fig. 10 - item no.2) then hanging from these four cables, a two intersectional steel- wire cables (fig. 10 - item no.3) used for hanging the five starting construction steel columns (fig. 10 - item no.4) and also along the concrete columns length a side steel-wire cables to be installed (fig. 10 - item no.2) to fix into it the peripheral steel-wire cables (fig. 10 - item no.3) used for stringing every floor of the building in addition to hanging the building from its four corners with steel-wire cables (fig. 10 - item no.5) from the corner columns as shown in fig. 10 with a plan view illustrating how to build a large area building using circular reinforced concrete columns.

After building completion the building will be as shown in fig. 1 1 with an isometric view on 45 degree angle for the building after the completion of construction, hanging and stringing.

In the case of the desire to build a group of buildings adjacent to each other (fig.

12 - item numbers from 1 to 4) is that as described in fig. 12 with a plan view illustrating how to build the complex, consisting of four buildings.

3 - The third method: Create a number of four columns of steel / concrete (fig.

13 - item no. l) on the borders (corners) of the land intended for construction where these columns to be oriented with 0 degrees rotation from the vertical level and unlike the previous innovative methods, where in this method a four steel-wire cables to be stringed from the center of the sides of the corner columns (fig. 13 - item no.2) then an intersectional steel-wire cables to be hanged from the side cables (fig. 13 - item no.3) which required for hanging the five starting construction columns (fig. 13 - item no.4) and also along the corner columns length a side steel-wire cables to be installed to fix into it the peripheral steel- wire cables used for stringing and hanging every floor of the building (fig. 13 - item no.3) from the four sides of every floor (fig. 13 - item no.5) as shown in fig. 13 with a plan view illustrating how to build using this innovative method. The building shape after construction completion is as shown in fig. 14 with an isometric view on 45 degree angle for the building after the completion of construction, hanging and stringing.

In the case of the desire to build a group of buildings (fig. 15 - item numbers from 1 to 4) adjacent to each other is that as shown in fig. 15 with a plan view illustrating how to build the complex, consisting of four buildings.

It is clear from the above in this innovative method of building the following:

- The building constructed by this innovative method for its fixation does not depend on reinforced concrete bases fixed in land, so when the building exposed to an earthquake or explosive charges occur loosening the soil does not lead to the collapse of the building.

- When a destruction occurs to any of the corner columns or the whole four corner columns by an earthquake or explosion also does not make any collapse of the building, where the building settled by the weight on the land surface without the occurrence of the collapse of the building, which preserves the life and property as is the purpose of this innovative method.

- This innovative method of building is by all standards a coup in the world of modern construction and will lead to changing the perception of the world, especially for leading countries in the method of securing life and property especially in the embassies and consulates, government buildings, without relying on as it exists currently for the secure in force and military equipment, which led to overheating in the race of armaments.