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Title:
HEAT EXCHANGER
Document Type and Number:
WIPO Patent Application WO/2011/133027
Kind Code:
A1
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a device for exchanging energy between hot air and cold air, such as a heat exchanger, an installation provided with such a device and one or more elements, a method of providing hot or cold air, the use of such a device or installation, and a method of cleaning such a device or such an installation.

Inventors:
PETERS MARC (NL)
Application Number:
PCT/NL2011/050266
Publication Date:
October 27, 2011
Filing Date:
April 19, 2011
Export Citation:
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Assignee:
CALLTEC S P I (NL)
ROECA B V (NL)
PETERS MARC (NL)
International Classes:
F24F12/00; F24F3/16; F24F11/00; F24F13/22
Domestic Patent References:
WO2006071117A12006-07-06
WO2006071117A12006-07-06
Foreign References:
DE19827511A11999-06-24
DE10027467A12001-12-06
US5024263A1991-06-18
DE102005047247A12007-04-05
US5257736A1993-11-02
DE10036079A12002-02-07
DE19844905A12000-04-06
DE102006048103A12007-05-10
NL8203416A1984-03-01
US3688759A1972-09-05
FR2930981A12009-11-13
DE102005011222A12006-09-21
US5024263A1991-06-18
Other References:
See also references of EP 2577180A1
Attorney, Agent or Firm:
VAN BREDA, Jacques (XS Amsterdam, NL)
Download PDF:
Claims:
CLAIMS

1. Device for supplying hot and/or cold air, which device is provided with at least two inlets and at least two outlets,

wherein at least one first inlet and at least one first outlet are situated in a first space and wherein at least one second inlet and at least one second outlet are situated in a second space,

at least one fan , preferably at least one air/air heat exchanger for exchanging energy between hot and cold air, wherein the at least one fan is arranged to displace air from an inlet to an outlet,

wherein an at least one first inlet, an at least one second outlet and the optional at least one air/air heat exchanger together form a functional first connection between the second space and the first space,

wherein an at least one second inlet, an at least one first outlet and the optional at least one air/air heat exchanger together form a functional second connection between the first space and the second space,

wherein the device preferably comprises at least four predominantly mutually separated compartments, wherein each compartment has at least one inlet or at least one outlet, wherein the first connection comprises at least one liquid/air heat exchanger in the inlet, and wherein preferably the second connection comprises at least one liquid/air heat exchanger in the inlet or outlet, preferably at least one liquid/air heat exchanger in the inlet as well as in the outlet.

2. Device according to claim 1 , further provided with at least one air flow controller, preferably provided with software.

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, further provided with one or more temperature sensors for measuring the temperature in an air flow, a humidity sensor for measuring relative humidity in an air flow, a time sensor, at least one filter, such as an electrostatic filter, a C02 sensor, a system clock and a temperature regulator.

4. Device according to any or more of the preceding claims, comprising at least two fans, which are mutually connected when both inlet and outlet are closed.

5. Device according to any or more of the preceding claims, further provided with one or more valves for regulating the air flow, for example said one or more valves being arranged to close an inlet or an outlet, and/or it is provided with one or more valves for regulating the liquid flow, for example said one or more valves being arranged to close a liquid/air heat exchanger, to connect a first liquid/air heat exchanger with a second liquid/air heat exchanger, to connect a liquid/air heat exchanger with a heater, to connect a liquid/air heat exchanger with a cooler, to reverse a direction of flow thereof, and combinations hereof.

6. Device according to any or more of the preceding claims, further provided with at least one first liquid/air heat exchanger which is in communication with at least one second liquid/air heat exchanger; preferably every first liquid/air heat exchanger is in communication with every second liquid/air heat exchanger.

7. Device according to any or more of the preceding claims, further provided with one or more pumps for regulating the liquid flow in a liquid/air heat exchanger.

8. Device according to any or more of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one heat exchanger comprises a liquid.

9. Device according to any or more of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one liquid/air heat exchanger has an effective surface area of at least 1 m2 per meter of heat exchanger, preferably at least 2m2 per meter of heat exchanger, more preferably at least 5m2 per meter of heat exchanger, such as at least 10m2 per meter of heat exchanger.

10. Installation for providing hot and/or cold air comprising a device according to any or more of the preceding claims, and further comprising one or more elements of a cooler, a heater, such as a central heating, a connection system for communication between elements and device, and a housing.

11. Method of providing hot and/or cold air comprising the following steps:

providing outside air to a device according to any or more of claims 1-9,

passing outside air through the device, thereby obtaining air that may or may not be heated,

and supplying air that may or may not be heated to an inside space comprising inside air.

12. Method of providing hot and/or cold air comprising the following steps:

providing outside air to a device according to any or more of claims 1 -9,

passing outside air through the device, thereby obtaining air that may or may not be cooled, and supplying air that may or may not be cooled to an outside space comprising outside air.

13. Method comprising a simultaneous combination of the steps according to claims 11 and 12.

14. Use of a device according to any or more of claims 1-9 and/or an installation according to claim 10 for at least one of: refreshing air, preheating outside air, purifying air, removing or killing pathogens, reducing noise production, cleaning of filters present therein, controlling the device in the unloaded state, drying a cavity, increasing the insulating value of a cavity, heating a thermal reservoir, cooling a space, preheating water such as CH-water and tap water.

15. Method for cleaning a device according to any or more of claims 1-9 and/or an installation according to claim 10, comprising the steps of:

closing valves to establish an open communication between a first filter and a second filter,

rendering a second filter passive, for example by switching off a motor thereof, and in the case of an electrostatic filter, removing the voltage from the filter, and

running a motor of a first filter, thereby cleaning the second filter.

Description:
Heat exchanger

DESCRIPTIO

The present invention relates to a device for exchanging energy between hot air and cold air, such as a heat exchanger, an installation provided with such a device and one or more elements, a method of providing hot or cold air, the use of such a device or installation, and a method of cleaning such a device or such an installation.

A heat exchanger is an apparatus which transfers energy from one medium (liquid, gas) to another medium. An ideal heat exchanger cools the first medium to the starting temperature of the second medium and vice versa. This ideal can be approached by means of the counterflow principle. There are various types of heat exchanger, such as a tube heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, a regenerative heat exchanger, a spiral heat exchanger, a radiator, and a heat pump.

The tube heat exchanger is also referred to, in the industry, as Shell & Tube. In its simplest form it is a tube inside another tube, that is, a tube surrounded by a jacket.

Generally however there are a plurality of tubes accommodated in a large jacket.

A plate heat exchanger is a specific type of heat exchanger. A plate heat exchanger is composed of a number of thin corrugated plates. These plates are compressed together in a frame, the edges of the plates being provided with a gasket, or the plates being welded together at the edges. In this manner, parallel channels are formed between the plates. One liquid is passed through the even channels, while the other liquid is passed through the odd channels.

Such a device is known from German patent application DE 100 36079 A1. In this device, energy is recovered and moisture is regulated in dependence upon the requirements. On the one hand, (outside) air is supplied and, on the other hand, air is discharged from a building or a house. The heat exchanger described in said patent application is an air/air heat exchanger, wherein energy and moisture are recovered without using process water.

Such a device is also known from German patent application DE 198 44 905 A1. In said patent application, however, the device in question is a combined device for a plurality of households, being a ventilation unit with heat recovery, which can be built into walls, if necessary, and which can be used without process water.

Such a device is also known from German patent application DE 198 44 905 A1. The device described in said patent application is an aeration device comprising a heat exchanger, a ventilating fan, a filter and a condensate outlet. Such a device is also known from German patent application DE 10 2006 048 103 A1. The device described in said patent application is provided with an air/water heat pump which is completely jacketed and, typically, is placed on a roof. This heat pump draws the energy from the outside air to generate heating and/or cooling water and transfer it to radiators in a building.

NL 8203416 describes a heat exchanger for heating houses or buildings by means of industrial cooling water. This heating system does not have a cooling function. Also, it does not recover heat from discharged ventilating air.

US 3,688,759 describes a heat exchanger which is placed outdoors and which is used for heating. The heat exchanger in question is a direct-fired (gas)heater which does not have a cooling function. This heater draws in ventilating air through a Venturi-like

construction, without using process water.

FR 2930981 A1 relates to a direct-fired (gas)heater which does not have a cooling function. This heater recirculates air without using process water.

DE 102005011222 A1 relates to a ventilation unit without heating and/or cooling capacity. This unit does not use process water.

US 5024263 (A) discloses a method and apparatus for controlling the fresh-air, input-air, exhaust-air, waste-air and return-air flows, as well as the air pressure in the input-air duct and the air pressure in the exhaust-air duct, in an air-conditioning system which comprises at least input-air and waste-air flow meters, input-air and exhaust-air pressure meters, an input-air fan with its air-flow control, a waste-air or exhaust-air fan with its air-flow control, a fresh-air flow meter, a heat recovery exchanger, closing and control mechanisms for exhaust air and return air, coupled together as an outlet-air mechanism, and closing and control mechanisms for fresh air and fresh-air bypass, coupled together as an intake-air mechanism.

WO 2006071 1 17 (A1) discloses a ventilation system, comprising a first and a second air circuit for transfer of an air flow from a first area to a second area and vice versa. A heat exchange is provided for exchange of the heat of both air flows. A third air circuit is provided for creating an air flow from e.g. a point in the first air circuit between the heat exchange and the second area to a point in that air circuit located between the heat exchange and the first area. Control means control that air flow in dependency of e.g. the temperature or moisture at one or more locations in the first and/or second air circuit. The flow of the extra air flow is e.g. increased when the temperature in the first and/or second air circuit crosses a minimum value, e.g. 0 0 C.

The latter two documents do not disclose a system comprising a liquid/air heat exchanger. Further, they do not disclose separate compartments. As such, many of the prior art problems are associated with these systems. None of the above-mentioned heating and/or cooling units with or without natural or mechanical ventilation is capable of performing all functions required for climate control. As a result, a unit has to be provided for each individual function or, at best, for a number of functions which are performed simultaneously. This is expensive, susceptible to

maintenance, sub-optimal in terms of durability, energy consumption, performance, etc.

A drawback of a heat exchanger, such as shown for example in figure 1 , comprising an outside air inlet (1), an inside air inlet (3), an outside air outlet (4), an inside air outlet (2), is that the heat exchanger always produces energy, i.e. is always active. In this configuration discharge takes place over the heat exchanger. A further drawback resides in that an additional bypass is necessary. As a result, the energy efficiency of such a heat exchanger is comparatively low, such as approximately 60%.

Yet a further drawback is that due to condensing in the heat exchanger, heat exchangers according to the state of the art can freeze at temperatures below the freezing point, with all its consequences.

Heat exchangers according to the state of the art also have the disadvantage of accumulation of dust and pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses. This leads for example to disorders such as the "sick-building" syndrome. It may also cause respiratory complaints and further illnesses. In particular, these disadvantages occur in modern buildings having only very limited ventilation capabilities.

A still further drawback is that heat exchangers according to the state of the art are not easy to clean. The cleaning operation often requires partial or complete disassembly of the heat exchanger, after which the heat exchanger must be re-assembled. This is labour- intensive and expensive.

Consequently, there is still a need for improved heat exchangers which do not have one or more of the above-mentioned drawbacks and/or which solve one or more of said drawbacks, without jeopardizing other advantageous properties.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device as described in the opening paragraph, which enables one or more of the above-mentioned drawbacks to be overcome . and/or one or more of the above-mentioned problems to be solved, while preserving other advantageous properties.

To achieve this, the invention provides a device for supplying hot and/or cold air, which device is provided with at least two inlets and at least two outlets, wherein at least one first inlet and at least one first outlet are situated in a first space and wherein at least one second inlet and at least one second outlet are situated in a second space, at least one fan , preferably at least one air/air heat exchanger for exchanging energy between hot and cold air, wherein the at least one fan is arranged to displace air from an inlet to an outlet, wherein an at least one first inlet, an at least one second outlet and the optional at least one air/air heat exchanger together form a functional first connection between the second space and the first space, wherein an at least one second inlet, an at least one first outlet and the optional at least one air/air heat exchanger together form a functional second connection between the first space and the second space, wherein the device preferably comprises at least four predominantly mutually separated compartments, wherein each compartment has at least one inlet or at least one outlet, wherein the first connection comprises at least one liquid/air heat exchanger in the inlet, and wherein preferably the second connection comprises at least one liquid/air heat exchanger in the inlet or outlet, preferably at least one liquid/air heat exchanger in the inlet as well as in the outlet.

It is an advantage of the present invention that it is capable of performing all functions involved in climate control. Consequently, it is not necessary to buy a unit for each individual function or, at best, for a number of functions which are performed simultaneously. This is consequently inexpensive, little susceptible to maintenance, and optimal in terms of durability, energy consumption, performance, etc.

A further advantage of the present heat exchanger is that the heat exchanger does not always produce energy, i.e. is not always active. A further advantage resides in that an additional bypass is not necessary. As a result, the energy efficiency of the present heat exchanger is comparatively high, and, dependent upon the exact application, may be in excess of approximately 75%, and in some applications in excess of 95%. By virtue thereof, a considerable saving in energy costs is achieved and the environment is less affected.

Yet a further advantage of the present heat exchanger is that due to the absence of condensing action in the heat exchanger, freezing of the heat exchanger at temperatures below the freezing point does not take place.

The present heat exchanger also has the advantage that accumulation of dust and pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, does not occur or only to a smaller extent. This prevents the occurrence of all kinds of symptoms of disease and/or disorders.

A further advantage resides in that the present heat exchanger is easy to clean. The cleaning operation will be described in detail hereinbelow.

The present air/air heat exchanger has a high efficiency and has, for example, a recovery percentage of 96% or more, without energy being fed into said heat exchanger.

The heat exchangers (9) shown in figure 2 are, for example, liquid/air energy exchangers. Other suitable heat carriers may also be used. These heat exchangers are thus suitable for exchanging both cold and energy.

By suitably coupling the liquid/air energy exchangers on the side of the liquid and circulating the liquid, for example exchangers 9c and 9b, a slight increase in recovery becomes possible. A control unit can be used in an example to determine whether in a certain situation this recovery is suitable, that is to say that, possibly, the circulating operation requires more energy than it generates. In an example, exchanger 9a may be coupled to exchanger 9d, such as in the case of low outside temperatures, causing energy to be directly fed back to the outside, although this costs energy.

In an example, it is possible to use the liquid/air energy exchangers for heating and/or cooling.

It is also possible to use 9a in summer during day hours to preheat tap water which is to be heated at a later moment in time. By, for example, circulating process liquid in an (insulated) storage vessel (boiler) through the heat exchanger 9a, the cold mains water of approximately 15°C, which flows to a combi boiler, is already preheated to, for example, 25°C, thereby reducing gas consumption and C0 2 emission.

During the night, however, the process water can be used to obtain cooling water, which is then used again for additional cooling during day hours.

In winter, at temperatures below freezing point, 9a can be used to protect the air/air heat exchanger from freezing. In the case of the currently commercially available heat exchanger, this is a reason for switching it off in winter, although this is the period when the need for energy recovery is largest.

Additional heating is possible by passing the CH water through 9b, which causes heating of the ventilating air.

The present invention preferably comprises an air/air (counterflow or cross-flow) heat exchanger. This has the advantage that it cannot be subject to freezing because liquid/air exchangers are coupled to both inlets and both outlets. A further advantage resides in that such an independent unit can be used for heating while simultaneously preheating and/or cooling process liquid. An independent unit can also be used for cooling while simultaneously preheating and/or cooling process liquid. Another advantage is that, by recirculating process liquid, such an independent unit in bypass mode is capable of ventilating without energy transfer (simultaneously to the inside and the outside). The system may additionally be connected to sources of cold and heat with process liquid.

The term "inlet" is to be taken to mean an entrance for a liquid medium such as air to the present device, for example in the form of a tube.

The term "outlet" is to be taken to mean an exit for a liquid medium such as air to the present device, for example in the form of a tube.

The term "compartment" is to be taken to mean a holder of the present device for a liquid medium such as air, for example in the form of a substantially closed housing. Said housing may be made of steel plate and may have any desired shape, such as rod-shaped, trapezium-shaped, multigonal etc. With respect to the term "hot" it is to be noted that this is a relative term. In this application, "hot" should therefore be taken to mean "relatively hot", for example an inside space which is hot as compared to an outside space. The same applies to the term "cold".

With respect to the term "air" it is to be noted that it refers to a customary application, for example a heat exchanger in houses. However, the concept of the present invention is also suitable for the exchange of energy in liquid flows. In the latter case the present device requires further adaptation.

The term "functionally connected" is to be taken to mean that a liquid medium, specifically air, can flow from an inlet to a heat exchanger without or substantially without contacting another flow. The air from an inlet subsequently flows to an outlet without or substantially without contacting another flow. Consequently, a channel, as it were, is formed, composed of an inlet, a (part of) a heat exchanger, and an outlet. This channel is completely or almost completely separated.

Exchange of energy takes place in a customary manner, such as by a cross-flow or preferably by a counterflow. A counterflow has a higher efficiency, i.e. 95% or more in terms of efficiency. A cross-flow is possibly easier to execute and offers corresponding advantages.

The heat exchanger preferably is a liquid/air heat exchanger, wherein liquid is present in a first part of the heat exchanger, such as an internal part, and air (to be treated) is present in a second part of the heat exchanger, such as an external part. The liquid used is for example water or a liquid having a low melting point.

The capacity of the heat exchanger is, on the one hand, adapted to the size of the space, typically an inner space, such as an inner space of a house or a building, and, on the other hand, to the ventilation rate. In an example, the capacity is, for example, 300 m 3 /h, and an internal path length of the heat exchanger is 400 mm. In the case of a counterflow exchanger, this results in an efficiency of 95-96%.

The device further comprises a fan for displacing air. Depending on the

circumstances, a plurality of (comparatively small) fans may be incorporated, which each independently drive an imaginary "channel". The term "fan" is to be taken to mean a

(turbo)machine which ensures that air or a gas is set in motion. In this case, a fan is used to provide a space with fresh air, or to cool down hot air by passing (cool) air over it. Generally a rotor of a fan is driven by a brushless motor such as a brushless DC motor, by means of which higher efficiencies can be achieved, such as an efficiency in excess of 60%. A characterizing feature is that the air drawn in is displaced immediately.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In a first aspect, the invention relates to the device according to cl In an example, the device according to the invention is further provided with at least one air flow controller, preferably provided with software. An air flow controller controls the amount of air that is refreshed per unit of time as well as the temperature thereof. The controller can also be used to optimize the efficiency of the heat exchanger. Preferably, the controller also comprises software enabling optimum settings to be determined real time, as indicated hereinabove. An example of an air flow controller is a fan, wherein the position of a vane of a fan is changed or the rotational speed of a fan is adapted.

In an example, the device according to the invention is further provided with one or more temperature sensors for measuring the temperature in an air flow, a humidity sensor for measuring relative humidity in an air flow, a time sensor, at least one filter, such as an electrostatic filter, a C0 2 sensor, a system clock and a temperature regulator.

By measuring the temperature in an air flow, it is possible to determine a temperature difference with respect to another air flow. As a result, it is possible, for example on the basis of a desired inside temperature, to calculate an air flow speed and temperature to be set thereof. In terms of, for example, energy consumption the present invention can thus be optimally used. An example of a temperature sensor is a PT-100.

The present invention may also comprise a humidity sensor, for example for dew point calculation (also based on temperature) and desired degree of humidity. For example, a space where the degree of humidity is insufficient can be supplied with additional moisture, while in a space where the degree of humidity is too high, possibly the excess moisture can be removed. An example of a humidity sensor is Sensirion SHT-11.

In an example, the device also comprises a time sensor by means of which, for example, a program can be set, such as a day-night program. An example of a time sensor is a Seriologic SR2.

In an example, the device also comprises a C0 2 sensor for measuring C0 2 . C0 2 is an important component in the air, particularly for determining whether refreshing of air is desirable. By measuring a quantity of C0 2 it can be determined whether, and if so, how much air must be refreshed.

In an example, the device also comprises a system clock for determining a current time and for the mutual attuning of the current time.

In an example, the device also comprises a temperature regulator, enabling the temperature in, for example, an inside space to be set, which temperature regulator is comparable to that typically coupled to a CH-system. An example of a temperature regulator is an Omron E5CN.

In an example, the device according to the invention is further provided with at least one electrostatic filter. In principle, an ordinary filter can also suitably be used, but an electrostatic filter is better suited for catching small particles, such as dust and possibly part of the bacteria. For this purpose a membrane filter may also be considered. In an example, the electrostatic filter is placed such that it purifies entrant light. Dependent upon the available space, the electrostatic filter may be placed in horizontal or vertical position. An example of an electrostatic filter is a Trion filter.

In an example, the device according to the invention comprises at least two fans, which are mutually connected when both inlet and outlet are closed. An example of a fan is a D1 G133_AB29_52 by Papst.

In an example, the device comprises at least two fans, each provided with a filter, or at least one fan for each inlet. This has the additional advantage that by closing valves in the device, a first fan is capable of cleaning a filter of a second fan comparatively easily and can exhaust impurities. By reversing the operation, the first filter can subsequently be cleaned too. In an example, the device is provided with a control ensuring regular cleaning, such as every week or every month. In an example, the filter may comprise an indicator indicating when the filter should be cleaned, such as an indicator indicating the quantity of dust. Based on this, a regulator can thus determine an optimum cleaning time and can have the cleaning action performed subsequently.

In an example, the device according to the invention is further provided with at least one first liquid/air heat exchanger which is in communication with at least one second liquid/air heat exchanger; preferably every first liquid/air heat exchanger is in communication with every second liquid/air heat exchanger. By virtue of said mutual communication between heat exchangers, the functionality of the system is increased, as described in the application. Also the capacity in terms of energy transfer and air supply is further increased. In addition, the energy efficiency in specific cases is also increased.

In an example, the device according to the invention is further provided with one or more valves for regulating the air flow, for example said one or more valves being arranged to close an inlet or an outlet, and/or it is provided with one or more valves for regulating the liquid flow, for example said one or more valves being arranged to close a liquid/air heat exchanger, to connect a first liquid/air heat exchanger with a second liquid/air heat exchanger, to connect a liquid/air heat exchanger with a heater, to connect a iiquid/air heat exchanger with a cooler, to reverse a direction of flow thereof, and combinations of the above. By means of valves, the device can be optimized, for example in terms of capacity, energy consumption, humidity balance, etc. In addition, these valves can be used to form a channel between two or more filters, enabling filters to be cleaned. Furthermore, these valves, such as two-way and three-way valves, can be used to enable a connection to further elements, such as a cooler or a heater. The figures and examples elucidate specific details of embodiments. An example of a valve is a Danfoss CHV, which is particularly suited for transporting process liquid. In an example, the device according to the invention is further provided with one or more pumps for regulating the liquid flow in a liquid/air heat exchanger. These pumps can cause liquid to flow through a desired channel, or to bypass said channel. In the figures, a number of examples thereof are shown in detail. An example of a pump is a Grundfos Alpha2.

In an example, the device according to the invention accommodating the heat exchanger comprises a liquid. Typically, a heat exchanger comprises a liquid to enable satisfactory operation, such as water, or a liquid medium with a reduced freezing point. An example of a heat exchanger is shown in figure 2e.

An example of the device according to the invention, in which the at least one liquid/air heat exchanger has an effective surface area of at least 1 m 2 per meter of heat exchanger, preferably at least 2m 2 per meter of heat exchanger, more preferably at least 5m 2 per meter of heat exchanger, such as at least 10m 2 per meter of heat exchanger. In this manner, efficient exchange of energy from air to liquid and/or vice versa is obtained.

Preferably, the heat exchanger comprises a large number of ribs, such as more than 50 per linear meter. It is to be noted that in general the surface area is limited by the available space, such as in a cavity.

In a second aspect, the invention relates to an installation for providing hot and/or cold air comprising a device according to the invention, and further comprising one or more elements of a cooler, a heater, such as a central heating, a connection system for communication between elements and device, and a housing.

A device according to the invention can be used in a variety of applications. By the addition of a cooler, such as an airco, the cooling capacity can be improved. This is important in particular if the outside temperature is relatively high, such as in summer or in warm regions. An example of an airco is a Siemens PA19000M. Alternatively, a heater, such as a CH, may be added. An example of a CH is a Remeha Avanta 28c. Typically, such an installation also comprises connection elements, such as tubes, facilitating transport of a liquid medium such as air or water.

Typically, an installation also comprises a housing, enabling an installation to be installed as a component. In an example, most constituents of the installation in the housing are concealed from view.

In a third aspect the invention relates to a method of providing hot and/or cold air comprising the following steps:

providing outside air to a device according to the invention,

passing outside air through the device, thereby obtaining air that may or may not be heated, and supplying air that may or may not be heated to an inside space comprising inside air.

In an example, the method of providing hot and/or cold air comprises the following steps:

providing inside air to a device according to the invention,

passing inside air through the device, thereby obtaining air that may or may not be cooled,

and supplying air that may or may not be cooled to an outside space comprising outside air.

In an example, the method comprises a simultaneous combination of the above- mentioned steps. This example occurs in particular when outside air and inside air are treated more or less simultaneously.

In a fourth aspect, the invention relates to the use of a device according to the invention and/or an installation according to the invention for at least one of: refreshing air, preheating outside air, purifying air, removing or killing pathogens, reducing noise production, cleaning of filters present therein, controlling the device in the unloaded state, drying a cavity, increasing the insulating value of a cavity, heating a thermal reservoir, cooling a space, preheating water such as CH-water and tap water.

The present invention thus advantageously provides an installation in which air can be cleaned in a simple manner, thereby improving the quality of the air and reducing the risk of infections in humans (and animals).

In many prior art installations, the noise level and/or the continuous and repeated ON/OFF switching of the installation is experienced as disturbing by the residents and or users. An advantage of the present installation is its reduced noise production by virtue of its inventive load-dependent control.

The present invention thus advantageously provides an installation in which filters can be cleaned in a simple manner, thereby improving the quality of the air and reducing the risk of infections in humans (and animals).

The present invention thus advantageously provides a cavity which is dryer and which hence has an improved insulation value. As a result, the energy consumption of a house or a building is reduced.

A further advantage resides in that outside air can be preheated, thereby substantially reducing or even almost excluding the risk of freezing of a heat exchanger.

A further advantage resides in that the present device and/or installation can be controlled in the unloaded state. As a result, the energy consumption, noise production and susceptibility to maintenance are all reduced, and the service life increased. A further advantage resides in that the present device can be used to preheat water which is to be heated, resulting in a reduced energy consumption.

In a fifth aspect, the invention relates to a method of cleaning a device according to the invention and/or an installation according to the invention, which method comprises the following steps:

closing valves to establish an open communication between a first filter and a second filter,

rendering a second filter passive, for example by switching off a motor thereof, and in the case of an electrostatic filter, removing the voltage from the filter, and

running a motor of a first filter, thereby cleaning the second filter.

This has the important advantage that filters stay cleaner as time goes on, have a better filtering effect, a longer service life, consume less energy, and spread fewer pathogens.

The present invention is easy to use by virtue of its inventive design, and can be used intuitively even by inexperienced users owing to its intelligibility. The invention is simple. In addition, the price of the invention is low.

The invention will now be explained in greater detail by means of the description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention and with reference to the accompanying drawings:

SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figure 1 shows a schematic concept of a heat exchanger according to the state of the art.

Figure 2a-e schematically shows a concept of a heat exchanger according to the invention.

Figure 3a shows different embodiments according to the invention and figure 3b shows less suitable embodiments.

Figure 4 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2.

Figure 5 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2.

Figure 6 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 4.

Figure 7 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2.

Figure 8 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2.

Figure 9 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2.

Figure 10 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2.

Figure 11 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2.

Figure 12 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 shows a device with a heat exchanger (HE) (5) according to the state of the art comprising an outside air inlet (1), an inside air inlet (3), an outside air outlet (4), an inside air outlet (2), wherein the heat exchanger always produces energy, i.e. is always active (see figure 1). In this configuration discharge takes place over the heat exchanger. The relevant heat exchanger is a so-called cross-flow heat exchanger (5) such as used by, for example, JE-Stork Air. Outside air (6) flows into an occupied zone, in a building, via the supply inlet (1) to the supply outlet (4). Inside air (7) leaves the occupied zone, in a building, via the discharge inlet (3) to the discharge outlet (2). Via the HE cross-flow heat exchanger (5), energy in the inside air (7) is transmitted to the outside air (6).

Figure 2a shows a general concept of a device with a (cross-flow) heat exchanger (5) according to the invention comprising an outside air inlet (1), an inside air inlet (3), an outside air outlet (4), an inside air outlet (2), a hot inside (7) and a cold outside (6). In the figure, a substantially separate part for cool air is shown on the left-hand side, and a substantially separate part for hot air is shown on the right-hand side. This heat exchanger has a much higher efficiency, typically in the range of more than 70% to 95% or more. In this example, the heat exchanger comprises one air/air heat exchanger, such as typically used, and four liquid/air heat exchangers. In this arrangement, the supply of air is in the vertical direction and the discharge in the horizontal direction.

The bold black lines are seals directing the air flow. A LAE (Liquid-Air Exchanger) is coupled to all four supply (1 and 2) and discharge (3 and 4) inlets (1 and 3) and outlets (2 and 4). In each LAE, 9a through 9d, temperature sensors (T°C) and relative humidity sensors (RH) are integrated. In each LAE, two liquid circuits with three tubes each are integrated, i.e. six in total. These are chosen such that maximum and uniform energy transfer takes place. The liquid flow is circulated, in an example, between LAE 9c and LAE 9b, enabling energy in the inside air (7) flowing in to be transmitted directly via the discharge inlet (3) to the outside air which flows out via the supply outlet (2). In an example, the liquid flow is proportionally pumped from 9c to 9a, so that the HE (5) is not subject to condensation or freezing. In an example, hot or cold process water is proportionally pumped through 9b, so that heating or cooling can take place.

A next example (figure 2b) relates to a cross-flow exchanger (5), LAEs 9a through 9d, temperature sensors (T°C) and relative humidity sensors (RH), such as used in figure 2a (previous slide). A diagonal inlet may be required in certain situations, for example when a horizontal and/or vertical inlet is impossible. Preferably, corners of LAE 9a and 9c are covered in order to increase the path travelled by the air, thereby causing it to absorb more energy. It is possible to pump CH process liquid through LAE 9b, and to send the return liquid flow proportionally through LAE 9a, so that the HE (5) is not subject to condensation or freezing at moderately cold temperatures.

It is possible to pump CH process liquid through LAE 9a, so that the HE (5) is not subject to condensation or freezing at extremely cold temperatures.

It is possible to circulate process water between LAEs 9a through 9d, in which case there is no energy transfer. The HE is in "bypass" mode.

A next example (figure 2c) relates to a cross-flow exchanger (5), LAEs 9a through 9d, temperature sensor (T°C) and relative humidity sensors (RH), such as used in figure 2b. A diagonal inlet and outlet may be required in certain situations where a horizontal and/or vertical inlet and outlet is impossible. Preferably, corners of LAE 9a and 9c are covered in order to increase the path travelled by the air, thereby causing it to absorb more energy.

It is possible to pump CH process liquid through LAE 9b, and to send the return liquid flow proportionally through LAE 9a, so that the HE (5) is not subject to condensation or freezing at moderately cold temperatures.

A next example (figure 2d) relates to a counterflow exchanger (8) having a high efficiency of maximally 96%. The HE shown originates from Brink Climate Systems, Type Renovent HR 4/0 R Medium. The type having thin synthetic resin plates has a ventilation capacity of maximally 300 m 3 /h.

The present invention typically has a metal, for example stainless steel, casing which is preferably double-walled. Typical dimensions are (WxHxL) 20cm x 30cm x 200cm.

Dependent upon the cooling/heating requirements, available space, for example in the cavity, one or more dimensions can be adapted.

In an example, the present invention comprises an insulated or uninsulated hydraulic module with pump, shut-off, thermometer and coupling pieces. Typically, the heat exchanger has a cooling output of 600 W-5kW, or an equivalent heating output. Preferably, the device can be used in extreme circumstances and in a large temperature range, for example of -15°C to 70°C. The operating pressure is for example in the range of 100-1000 kPa (1-10 bar)(on the side of the liquid). The air displacement is of the order of 10-1000 m 3 /h per unit. If necessary, the unit comprises one or more of: a filter, a speed regulator, a temperature indicator, a temperature control and a time switch.

The device may additionally comprise an LED-indication for the state of operation. There may also be a temperature switching hysteresis of, for example, 5°K or less. Besides, the device may have a setting range of, for example, 15°C - 60°C, such as by a

potentiometer. - The device may also be connected to a controller, for example with a switching hysteresis, which can be grouped individually if necessary, wherein set and actual values can be visualized on a display. If necessary, data can be stored in a log file.

Figure 2e shows a general concept of a liquid/air heat exchanger. Typically, 4 such heat exchangers are incorporated in the present invention, as shown in the preceding figures.

Typical dimensions are 10 cm (231) by 10 cm (232) by 388 cm (233). A liquid tube has an outside diameter (a) of 8 mm and an inside diameter (b) of 6 mm. The cooling plates have a thickness of approximately 2mm. In this example, 92 cooling plates have been provided. Figure 3a shows a concept of a device comprising a heat exchanger and liquid/air exchangers 9a-9d according to the invention. With this device, the effect described in this application is substantially achieved.

Figure 3b shows a concept of a device comprising a heat exchanger and liquid/air exchangers 9a-9d, which produces an incomplete effect, i.e. not all advantages according to the invention are obtained.

Figure 4 shows a concept of a device comprising a heat exchanger (5) according to the invention having an outside air inlet (1 ), an inside air inlet (3), an outside air outlet (4), an inside air outlet (2), a cold inside (7) and a cold outside (6). The device is shown for a situation where mainly only ventilation is required. In the figure, a substantially separated part for cold air is shown on the left-hand side, and a substantially separated part also for cold air is shown on the right-hand side. The ingoing and outgoing air flows have comparable (cold) temperatures, but there may be some temperature difference between them. This heat exchanger is more or less in neutral position and has a much higher efficiency, typically more than 70% to as high as 95%. In this example, the heat exchanger comprises one air/air heat exchanger, such as of a type typically used, and four liquid/air heat exchangers. Further, all four liquid/air heat exchangers are connected in series. They are connected in series by virtue of the fact that the device comprises valves, which valves are adjusted such that the heat exchangers are effectively interconnected. Preferably, this example also comprises one or more pumps (8) for circulating liquid present in the heat exchanger.

Figure 5 shows a concept of a device comprising a heat exchanger (5) according to the invention having an outside air inlet (1), an inside air inlet (3), an outside air outlet (4), an inside air outlet (2), a hot inside (7) and a cold outside (6). The device is shown for a situation where mainly only heat exchange is required. In the figure, a substantially separated part for cold air is shown on the left-hand side, and a substantially separated part also for cold air is shown on the right-hand side. The ingoing and outgoing air flows have comparable (cold) temperatures, but there may be some temperature difference between them. This heat exchanger is more or less in neutral position and has a much higher efficiency, typically more than .70% to as high as 95%. In this example, the heat exchanger comprises one air/air heat exchanger, such as of a type typically used, and four liquid/air heat exchangers. Further, all four liquid/air heat exchangers are connected in series. They are connected in series by virtue of the fact that the device comprises valves, which valves are adjusted such that the heat exchangers are effectively interconnected. Preferably, this example also comprises two or more pumps (8, 9) for circulating liquid present in the heat exchangers. At least one pump circulates liquid in a cold part of the device, while at least one pump circulates liquid in a hot part of the device. In other words, at least one pump is situated on the inside and at least one pump is situated on the outside. The number of pumps is determined, inter alia, by the required capacity in terms of heat exchange and volume/hour.

Figure 6 shows a concept of a device comprising a heat exchanger (5) according to the invention having an outside air inlet (1), an inside air inlet (3), an outside air outlet (4), an inside air outlet (2), a hot inside (7) and a cold outside (6). The device is shown for a situation where mainly only heat exchange is required, in combination with heating supplied, for example, by a central heating (10). In the figure, a substantially separated part for cold air is shown on the left-hand side, and a substantially separated part also for cold air is shown on the right-hand side. The ingoing and outgoing air flows have comparable (cold)

temperatures, but there may be some temperature difference between them. This heat exchanger is more or less in neutral position and has a much higher efficiency, typically more than 70% to as high as 95%. In this example, the heat exchanger comprises one air/air heat exchanger, such as of a type typically used, and four liquid/air heat exchangers. Further, all four liquid/air heat exchangers are connected in series. They are connected in series by virtue of the fact that the device comprises valves, which valves are adjusted such that the heat exchangers are effectively interconnected. Preferably, this example also comprises two or more pumps (8, 9) for circulating liquid present in the heat exchangers, for example, with a capacity of 50ml/second-250ml/second. At least one pump circulates liquid in a cold part of the device, while at least one pump circulates liquid in a hot part of the device. In other words, at least one pump is situated on the inside and at least one pump is situated on the outside. The number of pumps is determined, inter alia, by the required capacity in terms of heat exchange and volume/hour. This device is further provided with a heating system, such as a central heating system (CH) (10). The CH is coupled on the inside (shown on the right in the figure) to the heat exchanger. For optimum effect, this device preferably also comprises at least one temperature sensor (12) for measuring the temperature. The temperature can thus be determined at one or more locations as well as the temperature difference between the one or more locations. Preferably, the device further comprises a control for controlling the heat exchange, pump power and air flow, and as a result also temperature and ventilation indoors. In this configuration, cold outside air is preheated by means of the egressing inside air.

Figure 7 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2.

Furthermore, a pump is provided, and the CH is coupled through to the liquid/air heat exchangers 9a and 9b. Also heat exchangers 9b and 9c on the one hand and 9b and 9a on the other hand are coupled through. As a result, in the case of extreme cold and/or humidity, outside air can be preheated. By virtue thereof, freezing is precluded.

Figure 8 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2.

Furthermore, two pumps are provided. In addition, a cooler (13) is coupled through to heat exchangers 9c and 9b. Also heat exchangers 9b and 9c on the one hand and 9d and 9a on the other hand are coupled through. The outside contains hot air which is cooled in this manner. Hot outside air is fed back. In an example, RH sensors and temperature sensors are integrated.

Figure 9 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2. In addition, a cooler (13), a heater (10) and a controller (15) are provided. A bus system is provided for communication between the individual parts. In an example, also two fans are provided. As a result, all advantages mentioned in the application are obtained and all problems mentioned are overcome. The system, for example, fits in the cavity above a (window)frame. Outside air is supplied via the cavity. Inside air is discharged via an aperture above the frame. In addition, a controller takes care of the air conditioning, in terms of for example temperature and humidity, by means of cooling and heating.

Figure 0 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2. In this embodiment two fans (17) are incorporated which, in the case of a sufficient width dimension, are arranged in line and axially with respect to the HE.

Figure 1 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2. In this embodiment two fans (17) are incorporated which, in the case of a sufficient height dimension, are arranged at right angles with respect to the axis of the HE.

Figure 12 shows a schematic concept of a preferred embodiment of figure 2. By closing valves, the HE system is shut off. In this example, one fan is active, i.e. in operation, the other fan is passive. As a result, the passive fan and any filters present therein are cleaned. If the situation is reversed, the first fan is cleaned.

The above description which refers to preferred embodiments illustrated in the figures does not have a limiting effect on the scope of protection of the present invention, which is determined by the claims described hereinafter.