Field Of Invention

The present invention relates to panels to be installed within a building to attain temperature regulation through a simple heat exchanging mechanism. More specifically, the disclosed invention utilizes pipe system layered inside the panel to condition temperature of an enclosed area where the disclosed panels are installed.

Background Of The Invention

Hydronic radiant panels or other heat exchanging panels have been developed and put into practical use for years as an alternative tool to attain temperature conditioning within an enclosed area. Generally, these panels have one or more continuous running pipelines installed right behind the layer surfacing the enclosed area where the conditioning is required. Temperature-regulated medium is then passed through the pipelines to carry out heat exchange with the enclosed area through the surfacing layer. Heat energy can either being absorb or transfer to the passing medium that excessive heat energy is then removed from or brought into the enclosed area. These panels can be installed as flooring or ceiling structures to attain the desired results. Though the medium is most likely a liquid, gases are used in rare cases. For example, United States patent application no. 6533185 discloses a flooring structure with heating mechanism composed of pipeline. Another United States patent application no. 4865120 describes another flooring structure coupled with hot water pipe to provide heating to wooden- framed house as well. Despite promoting heat exchange within the enclosed area, these panels are fabricated to be resistive against heat conduction towards the external environment to ensure that the medium solely act on heat equilibrium of the enclosed area and not the external environment. Consequently, the obverse side of the panels generally contains insulating layers to prevent heat exchange with the external environment. One of the representative examples of heat exchanging panel with such design can be found in United States patent application no. 6883590 and 7658005. Other similar prior arts are European patent with publication no. 0997586 and 1004827. There are as well heat exchanging panels prepared with other unique feature to ease its installation and the like. For example, foldable heat exchanging panel is disclosed in United States patent application no. 6776222.

Apart from improving comfortability, temperature conditioning in enclosed area like buildings has become increasingly important in view of drastic change in worldwide weather. Greater adaptation of such panels or system in building is foreseeable. Still, there is one common shortcomings found in such heat exchanging panels that may limit its utilization. Particularly, in countries with high air humidity, condensation of water vapor onto the surface contacting the conduit tends to occur. The condensed water not only facilitates undesired growth of mold in the given area but slippery floor surface also likely to cause accident in the enclosed area. In view of this, improvement has been made to overcome this problem. Joachim claims a hydronic heating panels being free from the vapor condensation problems in United States patent application no. 5931381. The claimed invention has a insulating layer located in between the flooring layer and the pipeline to avoid formation of cool or hot spots on the floor therefore eliminating possible condensation. International patent publication no. WO2010003378 offers another mechanism to avoid vapor condensation by not having direct contact between the surfacing layer and the pipeline. With the presence of insulating material or air layers, the occurrence of vapor condensation in these prior arts maybe significantly reduced at the expense of heat exchange's efficiency. In fact, similar problem can be attend via distributing the heat transferring or heat absorbing properties evenly on the surfacing layer. Achieving heat equilibrium on the surfacing layer eradicates formation of particular hot or cool spot thereof and prevents potential condensation on these spots.

Summary Of The Invention

The present invention aims to disclose a heat exchanging panels to be installed in an enclosed area to manipulate temperature or heat energy in the enclosed area. Specifically, the panels are coupled to a pipeline or conduit to channel or remove heat energy in the enclosed area using a flowable medium. Another object of the present invention is to offer a ceiling and/or flooring panels equipped with heat exchanging properties to regulate temperature in an enclosed area.

Further object of the present invention is to disclose a heat exchanging panels imparted with improved feature to reduce likelihood of vapor condensation onto the surface of the panel exposed to the enclosed environment. More specifically, the disclosed panels avoid formation of discrete cool or hot spots, which facilitate vapor condensation, on the surface of the panels.

At least one of the preceding objects is met, in whole or in part, by the present invention, in which one of the embodiments of the present invention is a multilayer heat exchanging panel comprising a heat conductive outer layer having an external and an inner surface; a heat conductive conduit positioned adjacent to the inner surface of the outer layer and running continuously on a plane substantially similar to the outer layer, a heat conductive a first mesh layer sandwiched in between the conduit and the outer layer to separate the conduit and the outer layer at a predetermined distance; and a hollow cover fixed to the inner surface around edges of the outer layer forming an enclosure thereof and containing both the first mesh layer and the conduit within the enclosure; wherein the conduit is fashioned in a parallel arrangement or a serpentine arrangement with an inlet and an outlet to channel a temperature-regulated flowable medium. Preferably, the conduit and the first mesh layer are free from any direct contact with the hollow cover.

In another aspect, the disclosed invention further comprises a second mesh layer located in between the first mesh layer and the conduit that the first and second mesh layers are not entirely overlapping.

In another aspect, the disclosed invention further comprises a heat insulating blanket covering the conduit and the first mesh layer that the blanket is fabricated with a plurality of grooves to accommodate the conduit. Likewise, in the embodiment using second mesh layer, the heat insulating blanket covers the conduit, the second mesh layer and the first mesh layer.

In order to prevent interference of the heat exchanging process at the outer layer, the disclosed panels further comprises a heat insulating layer covering inner surface of the hollow cover horizontally to minimize heat transfer through the hollow cover or the obverse surface of the panel.

In another aspect, the heat insulating layer covering inner surface of the hollow cover horizontally may have a plurality of projecting beam extending vertically from the heat insulating layer towards the outer layer configured to provide mechanical support to the outer layer.

In further embodiment featuring better insulation in between the outer layer and the hollow cover, the heat insulating layer covering inner surface of the hollow cover horizontally has a reflective sheet further formed on the insulating layer that an air layer is spanned between the conduit and the reflective sheet. In the embodiment utilizing the insulating blanket, the heat insulating layer covering inner surface of the hollow cover horizontally has the reflective sheet further formed on the insulating layer that the air layer is spanned between the blanket and the reflective sheet.

In another aspect, the further comprising a layer of reflective sheet positioned adjacent to inner surface of the hollow cover at the horizontal axis and a heat insulating honeycomb or foam construct is disposed in between the inner surface of the hollow cover and the reflective sheet to separate the inner surface of the hollow cover and the reflective sheet.

In some embodiment, some of the layers may have reflective finish to reduce heat absorption into the panels, while others may be painted to black in color to promote heat exchange thereof.

In further embodiment, the present invention also includes a multilayer heat exchanging panel comprising a heat conductive outer layer having an external and an inner surface; a heat conductive conduit positioned adjacent to the inner surface of the outer layer and running continuously on a plane substantially similar to the outer layer, and a heat conductive first mesh layer sandwiched in between the conduit and the outer layer to separate the conduit and the outer layer at a predetermined distance; wherein the conduit is fashioned in a parallel arrangement or a serpentine arrangement with an inlet and an outlet to channel in and out a temperature-regulated flowable medium. Preferably, the flowable medium is water or refrigerant.

Brief Description Of The Drawings

Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention as a panel to be installed as ceiling;

Figure 2 is a magnified view of the P-section shown in the embodiment shown in figure 1 ; Figure 3 is an explosive view of the embodiment shown in figure 1 ;

Figure 4 is a bottom view of the embodiment shown in figure 1 ;

Figure 5' is a bottom view of the embodiment shown in figure 1 without the outer layer; Figure 6 is a bottom view of the embodiment shown in figure 1 without the outer layer and the mesh layer; Figure 7 is a side cross-sectional view at the A-A zone shown in figure 1 ;

Figure 8 is a front cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention as a panel to be installed as flooring structure; Figure 9 is a magnified view of the Q-section shown in the embodiment shown in figure 8;

Figure 10 is an explosive view of the embodiment shown in figure 8;

Figure 1 1 is a top view of the embodiment shown in figure 8;

Figure 12 is a top view of the embodiment shown in figure 8 without the outer layer and mesh layer;

Figure 13 is a top view of the embodiment shown in figure 8 without the outer layer and the mesh layer as well as the blanket; and

Figure 14 is a side cross-sectional view at the B-B zone shown in figure 8. Detailed Description Of The Invention

The most preferred embodiment of the invention is now described with reference to the figures, where like reference numbers indicate identical or functionally similar elements. While specific configurations and arrangements are discussed, it should be understood that this is done for illustrative purposes only. A person skilled in the art will recognize that the other configurations and arrangements can be used without departing from the scope of the invention.

One embodiment of the present invention includes a multilayer heat exchanging panel, shown in figure 3 and 4, comprising a heat conductive outer layer having an external and an inner surface; a heat conductive conduit positioned adjacent to the inner surface of the outer layer and running continuously on a plane substantially similar to the outer layer, a heat conductive a first mesh layer sandwiched in between the conduit and the outer layer to separate the conduit and the outer layer at a predetermined distance; and a hollow cover fixed to the inner surface around edges of the outer layer forming an enclosure thereof and containing both the first mesh layer and the conduit within the enclosure; wherein the conduit is fashioned in a parallel arrangement or a serpentine arrangement with an inlet and an outlet to channel a temperature-regulated flowable medium. The multilayer heat exchanging panel disclosed can be prepared in different forms adaptably used as either ceiling panel (100) or flooring panels (200) illustrated respectively in figure 1 and 7. The disclosed panels are preferably in quadrilateral or rectangular in shape to be installed as ceiling or flooring structure. More preferably, these panels have the outer layer carrying out the heat exchange process for the enclosed area installed with the panels, while the hollow cover or the obverse face of the panels aims to minimize the heat exchange process with the external environment.

Referring to figure 1 and 2, the disclosed panel is prepared as the ceiling panels (100) that the bottommost layer is the outer layer (1 10) facing the enclosed area once the panel (100) is installed. The outer layer (110) has direct contact with the enclosed area therefore it is made to enhance heat exchange. Preferably, in one embodiment, the outer layer (110) is made of metal or alloy with excellent heat conductivity to promote heat exchange in between the enclosed area and the medium passing through the conduits (120). Good mechanical strength and smooth surface of the metal or alloy-made outer layer (1 10) also ensure the disclosed panel (100) meets the requirement to be used as construction material. For example, the outer layer (1 10) can be an aluminum plate further anodized to render it possessing better resistive against corrosion. Heat absorption or release from the outer layer (1 10), particularly at the external surface (1 1 1), can be further enhanced by painting the external surface or the whole outer layer in to black or dark color. Thus, in one embodiment, the outer layer (110) of the ceiling panel (100) has a black finish, particularly coated with a layer of silicon black paint. The black finished outer layer (110) possesses better heat exchange property through radiation. To facilitate installation of the ceiling panel (100), at least a pair of inverted L-shaped collars (1 13) vertically raising from at least a pair of opposing edges of the panel (100). This L-shaped collar (113) may serve as anchorage point for the panel (100) to hang as ceiling. Parallel ribs (1 15) may be formed on the external surface (1.1 1) of the outer layer to impart additional mechanical strength to the outer layer (1 10) as in the embodiment shown in figure 4. Preferably, in one embodiment, the hollow cover (130) of the present invention as illustrated in figure 2 and 3 is defined by an open bottom (131), a top plate (132) and sidewalls (133) downwardly extended from the edges of the top plate (132). More preferably, the hollow cover (130) has relatively smaller periphery compared to the outer layer (110). In the embodiment presented in in figure 2 and 3, the sidewalls (133) are descending at an angle inclined outward relative to the vertical axis. Side flanges (135) may be extended out from the edge of the sidewalls (133) at the horizontal axis that these side flanges (135) are the attachment point to mount the hollow cover (130) on top of the outer layer (110) at the inner surface (112). The attachment or joining of the hollow cover (130) and the outer layer (1 10) can be realized via adhesive or screw or any other fastening mechanism known in the art. The joined hollow cover (130) and outer layer (1 10) encompass other components or layers of the ceiling panel (100) within the defined enclosure. In the embodiment using screw to fix the hollow cover (130) and the outer layer (1 10) together, corresponding threaded through holes (136) are fabricated onto both hollow cover (130) and outer layer (110). To attain the desired mechanical strength and long-lasting service life of the disclosed ceiling panel (100), the hollow cover (130) is preferably fabricated from metal or alloy like anodized aluminum. Nevertheless, it is possible to have the hollow cover (130) prepared from heat insulating polymer or plastic material in other embodiments of the ceiling panels (100). Apertures (137) may be made on the hollow cover (130) as the entrance and exit point for the conduit (120).

As in setting forth, the continuous running conduit (120) in the ceiling panels (100) can be of parallel arrangement or a serpentine arrangement. Shown in figure 6 is one embodiment with the serpentine or zigzag arrangement that major portion of the conduit (120) is arranged in parallel direction with the two neighboring parallel portion (121) are joined by a bent portion (122). Further, the flowable medium of two neighboring parallel portions (121) of the conduit (120) in the serpentine arrangement is moving in an opposing direction. In the parallel arrangement, a plurality of parallel running conduits each has one end connected to a medium inlet manifold to receive the flowable medium and another end attached to outlet manifold to channel out the flowable medium. Conduit (120) in the ceiling panel (100) is made of material with excellent heat conductivity to allow exchange of heat energy proceeds in an accelerated rate where the heat energy is either absorbed from or by the flowable medium. Preferably, the conduit (120) is produced from copper, aluminum or aluminum alloy. To enhance heat exchange through radiation, the external surface of the conduit (120) is colored using black silicon paint in one embodiment. Figure 7 shows the cross-sectional side view of the disclosed celling panel (100) at the A-A zone illustrated in figure 1.

Accordingly, the flowable medium used in the ceiling panel is water or refrigerant. Though medium in liquid form is more preferably, other embodiments of the disclosed ceiling panel (100) may employ gases as the medium to regulate the temperature of the enclosed area.

It was found by the inventors of the present invention that mere radiation is insufficient to significantly promote heat exchange in between the flowing medium and the enclosed area unless the temperature difference is great. Despite having the conduit direct contacts the outer layer can enhance heat exchange through conduction, such approach tends to create discrete hot or cool spots on the outer layer leading to undesired vapor condensation at the external surface of the outer layer. To avoid creation of hot or cool spots, at least a heat conductive mesh layer (140) is disposed in between the conduit and the outer layer. There is no direct contact in between the conduit (120) and the outer layer (110) in the disclosed ceiling panel (100). Further the mesh layer (140) also act as a network to absorb heat from or provide heat to the outer layer (110) that substantially entire outer layer (110) is either warmed or cooled to a uniform temperature free from any discrete hot or cool spot. Preferably, the mesh (140) is made of heat conductive metal or alloy by interlinking a plurality of metal or alloy strands together. The void or apertures on the mesh layer (140) of the present invention can adopt various polygonal form and size according to the way the metal or alloy strands interlinked though rectangular form is applied in the more preferred embodiment as illustrated in figure 5. In another embodiment of the ceiling panel (100), a second mesh layer (140b) maybe located in between the first mesh layer (140a) and the conduit (120). The second mesh layer (140b) in the panel (100) may function as a section to buffer the temperature differences in between the conduit (120) and the outer layer (1 10) especially the temperature difference is great in between these two components in the ceiling panel (100). More preferably, the first (140a) and second mesh layers (140b) are not entirely overlapping one another. Specifically, the interlinked stands of the second mesh layer (140b) and the first mesh layer (140a) are arranged to be overlapping one another at the minimal occasion. Without overlapping one another, both the first mesh (140a) and second mesh layer (140b) are able to exchange heat energy at the optimal through radiation as the heat radiation exposure of these two layers is at the optimal as well. Further, in one embodiment, the first mesh (140a) and/or the second mesh (140b) have a black finish or black external surface to optimize the radiation heat exchange.

According to another embodiment of the ceiling panel (100), the heat exchange in between the external environment and the enclosed area is preferably at minimal. Meaning that heat exchange in between the hollow cover (130), which is exposed to the external environment, and the outer layer (110), the mesh layer (140) or the conduit (120) has to be limited. As shown in figure 2, there is no direct contact in between the hollow cover (130) and the mesh layer (140) or the conduit (120) while the contact in between the hollow cover (130) and the outer layer (1 10) is limited to the joining point. To further restrict the potential heat exchange at the conduit (120) and the first (140a) and/or second mesh layer (140b), the disclosed heat exchanging ceiling panel (100) further comprises a heat insulating blanket (150) covering on top of the conduit (120) and the first mesh layer (140a) that the blanket (150) is fabricated with a plurality of grooves (151) to accommodate the conduit (120). Likewise, in the embodiment using both first (140a) and second mesh layer (140b), the heat insulating blanket (150) covers the conduit, the second mesh layer (140a) and the first mesh layer (140b) with the blanket (150) fabricated with a plurality of grooves (151) for accomodating the conduit (120). The heat insulating blanket (150) in the present invention can be fabricated from wool material, fiber mat, plastic material and the like. More preferably, the heat insulating blanket (150) is a polyurethane sheet. In order to have better insulation at the blanket (150), the surface of the blanket (150) facing the inner surface of the hollow cover (130) is provided with a reflective finish to reduce heat exchange via radiation thereof. Similar approach is applicable onto the hollow cover (130) in some embodiment; particularly a reflective finish is applied at the external surface facing the external environment. To further prevent heat penetration from or emission to the external environment, the disclosed ceiling panel (100) may have a heat insulating layer covering inner surface of the hollow cover (130) horizontally. In one embodiment, the heat insulating layer is actually made of polyurethane or the like plastic or rubber. Apart from using the polyurethane and the like to insulate the hollow cover (130), a heat insulating honeycomb (160) or foam construct can be disposed thereof. The air contained within the honeycomb (160) structure provides good insulating properties as well. More preferably, a reflective sheet (170) may be positioned underneath the honeycomb (160) or foam constructs to divert heat radiation derived from the external environment. Specifically, the ceiling panel (100) has a layer of reflective sheet (170) positioned adjacent to inner surface of the hollow cover. (130) at the horizontal axis and a heat insulating honeycomb (160) or foam construct is disposed in between the inner surface of the hollow cover (130) and the reflective sheet (170) to separate the inner surface of the hollow cover (130) and the reflective sheet (170). In the most preferred embodiment, there is presence of an air layer (180) spacing in between the reflective sheet (170) and the heat insulating blanket (150). The air layer (180) serves as the insulating layer to prevent heat exchange via conduction, while the reflective sheet (170) works against the heat transfer through radiation. One skill in the art shall appreciate the fact that the reflective sheet (170) can be fabricated from any known material in the art. Preferably, the reflective sheet (170) is aluminum foil and the like or a flat plate wrapped with the foil.

Apart from using fastening means and/or adhesives to secure various layers disposed within the ceiling panel (100), one or more stiffeners (190) can be positioned within the enclosure to hold the enclosed layers in place. For example, in the embodiment illustrated in figure 1 and 2, the stiffeners (190) are elongated flat pieces arranged abutting the sidewall (133) within the enclosure filling in any unnecessary void or loose space between layers. Generally, the stiffeners (190) create substantial friction onto any layers or components in contact with it to secure these layers or components within the enclosure. More preferably, the stiffeners are made of insulating material like polyurethane foam or the like to strengthen the insulation property of the hollow cover (130).

Pursuant to another embodiment involves the flooring panels (200) shown in figure 8 and 10, the orientation of various layers are altered compared to the ceiling panel (100). Preferably, the disclosed flooring panel (200) has the uppermost layer employed as the outer layer (210) facing the enclosed area once the panel (200) is installed onto the floor. The outer layer (210) has direct contact with the enclosed area therefore it is made to enhance heat exchange. Preferably, in one embodiment, the outer layer (210) of the flooring panel (200) is made of metal or alloy with excellent heat conductivity to promote heat exchange in between the enclosed area and the medium passing through the conduits (220). Moreover, the outer layer (210) can be an aluminum plate further anodized to render it possessing better resistive against corrosion. Heat absorption or release from the outer layer (210) through radiation, particularly at the external surface, can be further enhanced by painting the external surface or the whole outer layer (210) in to black or dark color. Preferably, silicon black paint is used to color the external surface (21 1) of the outer layer (210). In order to mount the outer layer (210) onto the hollow cover (230) of the flooring panel (200), the outer layer (210) may have a plurality of through holes (216), preferably threaded, around the edge. More preferably, these thread holes (216) are located at the corners of the outer layer (210) where two lateral edges meet referring to figure 1 1. Corresponding threaded holes (236) can be found on the hollow cover (230) where a screw can be threaded in to lock the outer layer (210) to the hollow cover (230) of the flooring panel (200). Vertically descending projections (213) may extend out from the inner surface (212) of the outer layer (210) for aligning the outer (210) layer to the hollow cover (230).

According to one embodiment of the flooring panel (200) shown in figure 9 and 10, the hollow cover (230) is defined by an open top (231), a bottom plate (232) and sidewalls (233) upraising from the edge of the bottom plate (232). More preferably, the hollow cover (230) has relatively smaller periphery compared to the outer layer (210). The descending projection (213) of the outer layer (210) may slide on the inner surface of the sidewalls (233) to correctly align the outer layer (210) on the hollow cover (230). Side flanges (235) may be extended out from the edge of the sidewalls (233) at the horizontal axis towards the center of the hollow cover (230). Threaded holes (236) are fabricated at these side flanges (235) to mount the hollow cover (230) below the outer layer (210) using, but not limited to, screws or nuts. To attain the desired mechanical strength and long-lasting service life of the disclosed ceiling panel, the hollow cover (230) is preferably fabricated from metal or alloy like anodized aluminum. Nevertheless, it is possible to have the hollow cover (230) prepared from heat insulating polymer or plastic material in other embodiments of the flooring panels (200). Apertures (237) may be made on the hollow cover (230) as the entrance and exit point for the conduit (220).

Similar to its ceiling panel (100) counterpart, conduit (220) in the flooring panel (200) may adopt either a parallel arrangement or a serpentine arrangement. Shown in figure 12 is one embodiment with the serpentine or zigzag arrangement that major portion of the conduit (220) is arranged in parallel direction with the two neighboring parallel portion (221) are joined by a bent portion (222). Further, the flowable medium of two neighboring parallel portions (221) of the conduit (220) in the serpentine arrangement is moving in an opposing direction. In the parallel arrangement, a plurality of parallel running conduits each has one end connected to a medium inlet manifold to receive the flowable medium and another end attached to outlet manifold to channel out the flowable medium. Conduit (220) in the flooring panel (200) is made of material with excellent heat conductivity to allow exchange of heat energy proceeds in an accelerated rate where the heat energy is either absorbed from or by the flowable medium. Preferably, the conduit (220) is produced from copper, aluminum or aluminum alloy. To enhance heat exchange through radiation, the external surface of the conduit (220) is colored using black silicon paint in one embodiment. The flowable medium used in the flooring panel (200) is water or refrigerant. Nonetheless, gas medium may use in other embodiment of the flooring panel.

As in the foregoing description, use of the first mesh (240a) or second mesh layer (240b) aims to avoid creation of hot or cool spots at the outer layer (210) that such spots favor vapor condensation on the outer layer (210). The heat conductive mesh layer (240) is disposed underneath the outer layer (210) spacing apart the conduit (220) from the outer layer (210). There is no direct contact in between the conduit (220) and the outer layer (210) in the disclosed flooring panel (200). The mesh layer (240) also act as a network to absorb heat from or provide heat to the outer layer (210) that substantially entire outer layer (210) is either warmed or cooled to a uniform temperature free from any discrete hot or cool spot. Preferably, the mesh (240) is made of heat conductive metal or alloy by interlinking a plurality of metal or alloy strands together. The voids of the mesh are preferably rectangular in shape. In another embodiment of the flooring panel (200), a second mesh layer (240b) maybe located in between the first mesh layer (240a) and the conduit (220). The second mesh layer (240a) in the flooring panel (200) may function as a section to buffer the temperature differences in between the conduit (220) and the outer layer (220) especially the temperature difference is great in between these two components in the flooring panel (200). More preferably, the first (240a) and second mesh layers (240b) are not entirely overlapping one another. Specifically, the interlinked stands of the second mesh layer (240b) and the first mesh layer (240a) are arranged to be overlapping one another at the minimal occasion therefore having both the first mesh (240a) and second mesh layer (240b) expose to radiate heat at the optimal to facilitate heat exchange. The first mesh (240a) and/or the second mesh (240b) may have a black finish or black external surface to optimize the radiation heat exchange.

According to another embodiment of the flooring panel (200), the heat exchange in between the external environment and the enclosed area is preferably at minimal. The external environment contacting the flooring panel (200) preferably refers to geo-structure or other parts of the building surrounding the hollow cover (230). The heat transfer at this section is mainly by way of conduction. To limit heat exchange through the hollow cover (230), the disclosed invention prevents direct contact in between the hollow cover (230) and the mesh layer (240) or the conduit (220) while the contact in between the hollow cover (230) and the outer layer (210) is limited to the joining point. To further restrict the potential heat exchange at the conduit (220) and the first (240a) and/or second mesh layer (240b), the disclosed heat exchanging flooring panel (200) further comprises a heat insulating blanket (250) covering both the conduit (220) and the first mesh layer (240a) that the blanket (250) is fabricated with a plurality of grooves (251) for accommodating the conduit (220). Likewise, in the embodiment using both first (240a) and second mesh layer (240b), the heat insulating blanket (250) covers the conduit (220), the second mesh layer (240b) and the first mesh layer (240a). The heat insulating blanket (250) in the present invention can be fabricated from wool material, fiber mat, plastic material and the like. More preferably, the heat insulating blanket (250) is a polyurethane sheet. In order to have better insulation at the blanket (250), the surface of the blanket facing the inner surface of the hollow cover (230) is provided with a reflective finish to reduce heat exchange via radiation thereof.

To further prevent heat penetration from or emission to the external environment, the disclosed flooring panel (200) may have a heat insulating layer (260) covering inner surface of the hollow cover (230) horizontally. In one embodiment, the heat insulating layer (260) is actually made of polyurethane or the like plastic or rubber. Adhesive is used in one embodiment to secure the insulating layer (260) to the inner surface of the hollow cover (230). Referring to figure 10, the flooring panel (200) may further comprise a reflective sheet (270) further formed on the insulating layer (260) that an air layer (280) is spanned between the conduit (220) and the reflective sheet (270). Presence of the air layer (280) spacing in between the reflective sheet (270) and the heat insulating blanket (250) further strengthen the insulation considering air possesses good insulating property. The air layer (280) serves as the insulating layer to prevent heat exchange via conduction, while the reflective sheet (270) works against the heat transfer through radiation. One skill in the art shall appreciate the fact that the reflective sheet (270) can be fabricated from any known material in the art. Preferably, the reflective sheet (270) is aluminum foil and the like or a flat plate wrapped with the foil. In order to serve as flooring structure (200), the flooring panel (200) of the disclosed invention is equipped with unique structure to allow the fabricated panel (200) to sustain great pressure or force applied onto the outer layer (210) without being broken. Illustrated in figure 10 and 13 is an embodiment of the flooring panel (200) having a heat insulating layer (260) covering inner surface of the hollow cover (230) horizontally and a plurality of projecting beam (265) extending vertically from the heat insulating layer (260) towards the outer layer (210) configured to provide mechanical support to the outer layer (210). It is important to be noted herein that the projecting beams (265) and the insulating layer (260) can be a singly formed construct or integrated part derived of multiple components. Other layers in this embodiment such as first mesh layer, reflective sheet, second mesh layer and/or the insulating blanket are fabricated to hold corresponding passageway or throughway to allow the projecting beam (265) to penetrate through without hindrance. These projecting beams (265) also assist in securing position of different layers and components in the enclosure serving as stiffeners. It is known in the art that the different layers in the disclosed ceiling panels (100) or flooring panels (200) can be attached or mounted using any know fastening or locking mechanism in the art. Any modification thereof shall not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Besides the above described embodiment, the disclosed panels can be manufactured without the hollow cover. In such embodiment, the multilayer heat exchanging panel comprises a heat conductive outer layer having an external and an inner surface; a heat conductive conduit positioned adjacent to the inner surface of the outer layer and running continuously on a plane substantially similar to the outer layer, and a heat conductive first mesh layer sandwiched in between the conduit and the outer layer to separate the conduit and the outer layer at a predetermined distance; wherein the conduit is fashioned in a parallel arrangement or a serpentine arrangement with an inlet and an outlet to channel in and out a temperature-regulated flowable medium.

As setting forth in the abovementioned embodiments, changes therein and other uses will occur to those skilled in the art which are encompassed within the scope of the invention as defined by the scope of the claims.