The present disclosure relates to a hole cover, particularly, but not limited to, a hole cover with tracking capabilities.

In construction environments, amongst other worksite scenarios, holes or openings are typically created to allow later access through a floor or similar structure. For example, it may be intended that cabling or pipework/ducting is intended to pass through the opening at a later time.

Temporary hole covers help to prevent people falling into or becoming trapped in the hole as well as preventing articles or equipment from falling therethrough. The temporary cover is usually lightweight to allow easy removal for access to the hole but must also be sufficiently rigid to withstand the relevant level of loading in situ. It is usually the intention that the hole can be covered or filled in a more permanent fashion once the necessary work is complete, such that the hole cover can be removed and reused elsewhere.

A temporary hole cover is disclosed in prior art document US5529431 . The cover is configured to be received within a manhole to temporarily prevent access thereto. The hole cover comprise a fibreglass reinforced plug configured to be received within the manhole.

Other systems include a simple moulded plastic plate configured merely to overlie the hole or trench.

Whilst conventional hole covers provide a simple a convenient method of covering a potentially hazardous hole or trench, the inventor has found numerous problems therewith. In a large construction site, for example, a multistorey building or large housing estate, there may be tens, hundreds, or even thousands of holes or trenches that require covering for health and safety reasons. The large number of holes can be difficult to track, and this may provide difficult to manage, for example, during regular inspections or for demonstrating statutory compliance. Temporary covers may be unintentionally left in place and not replaced with a permanent cover, which may a health safety risk, as temporary covers are not designed for long-term use. The time required to repeatedly inspect and reaffirm the status of temporary hole coverings is onerous and needs to be conducted manually. The present invention overcomes or ameliorates one or more of the above problems.

According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a hole cover as recited in appended claim 1 .

According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided hole cover comprising: a cover body configured to extend across a hole to and at least partially cover the hole, the cover body having a through-hole therein; a removable core member received by the cover body to close the through-hole and removable therefrom to allow access through the cover when in situ over a hole in use; and a mounting formation configured to receive an electronically readable tag, the mounting formation comprises a retention mechanism to releasably retain the tag within the mounting formation

The mounting formation of the cover body may be spaced from our outside of the core portion, e.g. located between the core portion and an outer edge of the cover body.

The cover body may or may not be generally flat/planar in form. The body may have a width and/or length dimension that is at least four, five or six times a height/depth dimension of the body. The body may be quadrilateral, eg. rectangular or square in plan. The body may have rounded corners.

The cover body may be ramped towards its peripheral edge. The top surface of the cover body may be continuous or substantially continuous.

The mounting formation may comprise a recess to receive the tag, eg. in the top surface or underside of the cover. The recess may be of depth such that the tag does not protrude above a surface of the cover

The hole may encompass one or more of a: hole; pit; trench; recess; submerged container; pipe; channel; manhole; drain; downpipe; utilities access chamber; opening; culvert; or ditch.

One or both of the cover and the core portion may comprise a flange or protrusion to prevent the closure passing through the opening The core portion may comprise a closure. The core portion or closure may comprise a plug or puck. The core portion or closure may comprise a handle. The handle may comprise one or more recess. The handle may be integral with the closure. The bayonet formation may be L-shape. The closure may be round/circular. The closure may be received within a through hole in the cover. The closure may be tethered to the cover. The tether may comprise a strap; cable; and/or chain.

The core portion may engage the rim/flange.

The latch may require manual disengagement.

The hole cover may comprise one or more drainage channel. The drainage channel may at least partially extend in a radial direction. The drainage channel may extend between a central portion and an edge portion of the cover. A plurality of drainage channels may be provided. The drainage channel may be elongate.

A grip or grip surface is provided on the surface of the cover.

The hole cover may comprise one or more structural ribs, e.g. on its underside. The ribs may extend radially and/or circumferentially.

The wall surrounding the core portion may comprise a peripheral wall of the core portion. The wall may form a complete enclosure around/encircling the core portion. The wall may be circular in plan.

The wall surrounding the core portion may comprise a first wall. A second wall may surround the first wall, e.g. being radially spaced therefrom. The first and second wall may be concentric.

A smooth/flat panel may be provided. The smooth/flat panel may allow writing thereon. The cover may comprise a warning label. The warning label my surround the closure/through hole. The warning label may indicate a hole.

The recess may be polygonal. The recess may be hexagonal.

The conduit may comprise an electrical; liquid; mechanical; and/or ventilation conduit. The controller may comprise a mobile computing device or a central controller.

The tag may comprise a unique identifier or code. The identifier/code may be associated with a specific hole or pre-defined hole. The identifier/code may be stored in electronic memory, e.g. a data store.

A further identifier/code may comprise a human-readable code. The further identifier/code may be associated with the electronic identifier/code to provide authentication thereof. The further identifier/code may comprise a hash of the electronic identifier/code.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of recording and monitoring the status of one or more hole as recited in appended claim 26.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a system for recording and monitoring the status of one or more hole or predefined hole as recited in appended claim 30.

The controller of the system may comprise an associated data store for storing the data, e.g. including metadata, associated with the holes. One or more user device may access data associated with the holes, e.g. where the controller is a central controller.

Records of hole locations for a predetermined site may be collated. The records for hole locations may comprise a site identifier. A summary/report of the status of hole locations for a predetermined site may be provided by the controller. User devices may access the data associated with hole location records only for one or more specified site.

The data or metadata associated with the record may be updated or changed. A temporal log of the metadata may be provided. Instances of access to and/or changes to the data or further data may be recorded.

The pre-defined hole may comprise a hole designated in a construction or site model. The tag may be located proximal/adjacent the pre-define hole before creation of the hole. The tag may be affixed to the cover once the hole is created. According to a further aspect there is provided: a hole cover comprising: a cover body configured to extend across a hole to and at least partially cover the hole, the body portion having a top surface and a circumferential wall surrounding/delimiting a central or core portion of the cover body; and a plurality of strengthening ribs on the underside of the cover body extending in a direction towards the circumferential wall.

The cover body may be formed of a plastics/polymer material. The cover body may be moulded.

Optional features described herein in relation to any individual aspect of the invention may be combined with any other aspect of the invention where practicable.

Workable embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which:

Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a hole cover;

Figure 2 shows a top-down view of the cover;

Figure 3 shows a bottom-up view of the cover;

Figure 4 shows a bottom-up view of a closure of the cover;

Figure 5 shows a side on view of the closure of the cover;

Figure 6 shows a schematic view of a hole monitoring system;

Figure 7 shows a schematic view of a pre-defined hole registration system;

Figure 8 shows a schematic view of a hole registration system;

Figure 9 shows a schematic view of a hole status update system;

Figure 10 shows a top-down view of a second hole cover;

Figure 11 shows a side view of the second hole cover;

Figure 12 shoes bottom-up view of the second hole cover.

Hole Cover

A hole cover 2 is shown in figure 1 . The hole cover 2 is configured to be fastened in place over a hole in a construction environment or other worksite.

It can be appreciated that “hole” may encompass any kind of hole, pit, trench, recess, submerged container, pipe, channel, manhole, drain, downpipe, utilities access chamber, opening, culvert, ditch, grating or the like found on a construction site or similar. The “hole” therefore merely comprises an opening or recess. Typically, the hole will be provided in the ground/floor. However, it can be appreciated that the hole may be provided in any suitable position or orientation, for example, in any of the ground/floor (level or sloped), wall (e.g. window or vent), ceiling or roof, etc.

The cover 2 comprises a body portion 4, i.e. a main cover body. The body portion 4 extends across the hole to provide a temporary platform/floor structure and/or otherwise at least partially enclose/cover the hole. The body 4 is square/rectangular. However, the body 4 may comprise any suitable shape depending on the shape of the hole. For example, the body may be rectangular (e.g. for a trench); circular (e.g. for manholes); triangular; hexagonal and/or any other polygonal or complex shape.

The body 4 is generally planar or plate like (i.e. the height dimension is much less than a width dimension). Typically, the cover comprises a height less than or equal to 20cm; preferably, less than or equal to 15 or 10 cm; preferably, less than or equal to 5cm. The width of the cover/body is typically at least five times its height.

The body 4 comprises round corners 6. The edges 8 of the body 4 are ramped, i.e. with the upper surface of the body 4 sloping downwardly towards the edges 8. These features ensure there are no sharp edges and reduce any trip hazard, as well as allowing vehicles, trolleys, etc. to pass over the cover when laid down in use. As such it will be appreciated that the cover 2 generally sits on top of an existing floor/ground structure in use.

The upper surface 10 of the body 4 is flat/planar. The cover 2 thus comprises a truncated pyramid type shape (i.e. comprising a wide and shallow trapezoidal cross-section). The upper surface 10 comprises grip features 12 in the form of a plurality of raised protrusions. The protrusions may be provided in a grid-array. In some embodiments, the grip features 12 may comprise ridges, recesses, grooves or another suitable profiled/textured surface.

The cover has a central wall portion 18 depending downwardly from the upper surface 10 as shown in figure 1 . The central wall 18 is circumferential in form and surrounds a through hole 26, which extends form the upper surface 10 through the entire height of the cover 2.

The cover 2 comprises one or more drainage channel 16. The drainage channel 16 prevents build-up of water on the cover 2. The drainage channels 16 in this example extend radially outward from the vicinity of the central wall 18 of the of cover towards an edge/corner of the cover. The channels 16 are generally elongate and may terminate in the ramped edge portion of the cover. Drainage channels 16 in this example are provided adjacent a corner 6 of the body 4 (i.e. extend from the central wall 18 to the corner 6) and/or adjacent a midpoint of the edge/side 8 of the body (i.e. extend from the central portion 18 to the midpoint 20). Each drainage channel 16 may comprise a plurality of individual, adjacent channels. This allow a large drainage area, without creating a large recess and may serve as additional grip features of te upper surface. The channels 16 are angled downwardly toward the edge of the cover 2, thereby draining water out the edge of the cover 2.

The cover 2 comprises a removable core which in this example takes the form of a separate closure member 24. The removable closure 24 is received within the central wall 18 and/or within the through-hole 26 in the cover 2. The removable closure 24 may therefore be removed to allow access below/behind the cover 2 in use. When positioned over a hole, the through-hole 26 can allow access into the interior of the hole whilst the cover remains in place. For example, this may allow a pipe, cable or other conduit to pass through the cover 2. The removable closure 24 therefore provides a plug or the like. The closure 24 may be attached to cover 2 via a tether, for example, a strap, cable or chain. This helps to prevent loss of the closure 24 when removed.

The through-hole 26 comprises a side wall in the form of wall 18. The wall 18 surrounds or otherwise delimits the through-hole 26 in a radial direction. The side wall 18 extends between the top and bottom surface of the cover (i.e. spans the whole height of the hole 26). The wall 18 therefore provides structural support for the upper/lower surface of the cover. The wall 18 may support and/or engage a removable component (e.g. the closure 24).

As best seen in figure 2, the closure 24 engages a rim/flange 28 of the through-hole 26 and/or wall 18. The rim 28 is provided adjacent or flush with the lower surface 30 of the cover 2. This rim 28 projects radially into the through-hole 26, thereby preventing the plug 24 passing completely therethrough.

The closure 24 comprises a connection formation to allow releasable connection to the body 4. In the present embodiment, the connection comprises a bayonet formation. The closure 24 therefore comprises one or more pin 32 configured to be received in a L- shaped formation 34 in the body 4, e.g. in the central wall 18 thereof. A plurality of pins 32 and corresponding formations 34 are spaced about the circumference of the closure 24 and through-hole 26. A bayonet formation allows simple and easy detachment of the plug/core, and can be performed with a single hand due to the minimal rotation required. In some embodiments, clip and/or springs may retain the pin 32 in the formation 34.

The closure 24 in other embodiments may use any suitable releasable connection formation, for example, one or more of: screw threads; interference fit; latches; indents/detents; or movable pins. The closure 24 is circular in the present embodiment, and thus is suitable for use with bayonet/screw thread attachments. In other embodiments, the plug comprises any suitable shape, for example, polygonal/rectangular. In some embodiments, a locking mechanism of formation may be provided to allow locking of the closure 24 to the cover 2. This prevents tampering or theft of the closure 24. The locking mechanism may comprise a conventional lock/key arrangement, or corresponding through holes to allow attachment of a padlock etc.

The closure 24 comprises a handle formation 36, e.g. to allow rotation thereof. The handle formation 36 comprises a plurality of recesses formed in the upper surface of the closure. Instructions/indicia 38 for attaching/detaching the closure 24 are provided adjacent the handle 36.

As best seen in figure 5, the closure 24 has a height 42 similar to the height of the cover body 4 (e.g. within ±20%, preferably, ±10%). The closure 24 therefrom comprise a comparable strength to the cover body 4. The closure 24 may comprise a close or tight-fit with the through hole 26. The closure 24 has an outer peripheral wall that opposes an inwardly facing wall of the central portion 18 of the cover, i.e. the periphery of the through hole 26. This may provide a seal therebetween.

The closure 24 comprises a rim/flange 44. The rim 44 projects radially outward. The rim 44 is configured to be received with a corresponding recess 46 on the upper surface of the cover 4. The closure 24 there engages the cover 2 at two separate points (i.e. at the top and bottom surfaces thereof). Release channels 48 (see figure 2) are provided about the edge of through-hole 26, e.g. adjacent recess 46, to allow the user to insert a finger or tool under the rim 44, and lift out the plug 24. Additionally or alternatively, the channel 48 may help to reduce the volume of material, thereby reducing sink marks etc during manufacture. The through hole 26 and/or the rim 28 are shaped and sized according to the desired conduit to pass therethrough. In some embodiments, the through hole 26/rim 28 is sized to allow a downpipe to pass therethrough. The through hole 26/rim 28 may comprise a diameter less than or equal to 500mm; preferably, less than or equal to 300mm; preferably, less than or equal to 200mm. The through hole 26/rim 28 may comprise a diameter greater than or equal to 25mm; preferably, greater than or equal to 50mm; preferably, greater than or equal to 75mm.

In some embodiments, the through hole 26/rim 28 is sized to allow a human to pass therethrough. The through hole 26/rim 28 may comprise a diameter greater than or equal to 400mm or 500mm.

The rim 28 comprises a retaining means 50 configured to engage a conduit passing through the cover 2. The retaining means 50 comprise a resiliently deformation portions to provide biasing means (e.g. a spring). In the present embodiment, the retaining means 50 comprises a cantilever/leaf spring type arrangement. An aperture 52 is provided adjacent the spring 50 to allow flexion thereof. A protruding tip 54 is provided on the spring 50. The spring arrangement allows gripping/alignment of the conduit, whilst minimising friction between the conduit and the cover 2. The spring also provide tolerance in the size/shape of the conduit. The retaining means 50 can help to correctly align/centre a conduit passing through the cover

It can be appreciated that any kind of resilient biasing means can be provided. For example, the aperture 52 may not be provided, and flexion is provided by resilience of the tip 54 and/or the rim 28. In other embodiments, movable members, detents or flaps could be mounted to the rim 28 or through-hole 26 via linear or torsion springs.

A fixing or tethering aperture 56 is provided on the cover 2. The fixing aperture 56 allows a fixing/fastener, such as a screw, bolt, stake etc., to pass through the cover 2 and into a ground/surface beneath the cover 2, thereby fixing the cover 2 thereto. This helps to prevents movement or theft of the cover 2. In other embodiments, the fixing aperture 56 may be used to tether to tie down the cover 2. For example, a rope, chain, or cable may pass through the aperture 56. A hook or connector may be attached to the tether and received within the aperture 56. The fixing apertures 56 are provided proximal the edge of the 8 of the cover 2. A plurality of fixing holes 56 are distributed around the periphery the cover 2. In, the present embodiment, four fixing holes 56 are provided. However, as many fixing holes may be provided according to the shape/size of the cover 2. The fixing apertures 56 are smaller in diameter than the through-hole 26. The fixing apertures 54 are at least 3mm in diameter; preferably, at least 6mm. The fixing apertures 54 are less than or equal to 20mm in diameter; preferably, less than or equal to 15mm. The fixing apertures 56 are provided in the upper surface 12 of the cover 2 and extend through the height of the cover 4. The fixing apertures 56 are each provided in recess in the upper surface, e.g. in the ramped portion thereof. As such the head of a fixing used to fasten the cover in use will not protrude beyond the upper surface.

The fixing apertures 56 comprise a peripheral lip surrounding their upper end. The lip is prominent from the ramped edge 8 and/or upper surface. The lip may be profiled to reduce its likelihood of serving as a trip hazard.

The fixing apertures 56 may have a first diameter at their upper end and may comprise an internal restriction defining a second, smaller diameter. The restriction defines an internal formation or abutment against which the head of a fastener can sit when in use. As such the first diameter may be wide enough to receive the head of the fixing/fastener.

As shown in figure 1 , a bespoke fastener 58 is provided to be received in the fixing aperture 56. The fastener 58 comprises a shaft or pin 60 configured to be received within the fixing aperture 56, and penetrate the ground/surface. The shaft 60 provides a close fit with the fixing aperture 56, i.e. the second diameter thereof. A protruding flange/rim 62 of the fastener limits insertion of the fastener 58 (i.e. by engaging the internal restriction of the fixing aperture 56). A handle 64 allows the gripping of the fixing 58 with a claw hammer or the like. The fastener may comprise a so-called hammer fixing.

The underside 30 of the cover 2 is shown in detail in figure 3. The cover 2 is strengthened by a plurality of ribs or webs 64. This provides a rigid construction whilst minimising weight and material. A first set of ribs 64A extend between the corner 6 and the central portion 18. The first ribs 64A extend radially. A second set of ribs 64B extend between the central portion 18 and the midpoint of the edge 20. The first 64A and second 64B set of ribs are provided in a corresponding position to the drainage channels 16, i.e. beneath and/or between drainage channels. The ribs, thus provide strength in a contoured region of the upper surface where the drainage channels are present. Provision of the ribs 64 beneath the drainage channels 16 improves the mouldablity of the system, as the rib 64 height is decreased, thereby allowing the rib to extend the full height of the cover in the provided areas. This allows the thickness of the ribs to be increase without creating sink marks on the upper surface of the cover 2.

One or more third rib 64C extends circumferentially around the central wall 18. This rib 64C may be described as providing a second circumferential wall, e.g. being concentric with the central wall 18. The ribs 64 thus extend radially and circumferentially in this example. This accommodate both radial and circumferential stresses. Additional ribs are provided radially between the third rib 64C and the through-hole 26, e.g. between the first 64A and second 64B ribs. This provides additional strength towards the centre of the cover.

It will be appreciate that the central wall 18 also provides rigidity and support to the cover 2 by providing a hop support structure, at which any radial ribs terminate, such that the cover can support the relevant weight above a hole regardless of whether the removable core 24 is present.

A retention formation 66 is provided to accommodate the fastener 58. This provides a convenient place to the store fasteners. Cut-outs 68 are provided in a series of ribs 64 to receive the fastener 58 with a close fit. A series of opposing/alternating flanges 70 are configured to engage the fastener 58 to provide a snap-fit or interference fit therewith. In other embodiments, the cut-outs 68 comprise a constricted opening, thereby allowing snap-fit of the fastener 58 into the cut-out 68. Additionally or alternatively, the retention formation 66 comprises snap-fit clips or latches etc. The retention formation is provided adjacent the fixing aperture 56. A plurality of retention formations 66 are provided to allow storing of a fixing 58 for each fixing aperture 56, e.g. corresponding to the number of apertures 56.

The underside 70 of the closure 24 is shown in figure 4. The closure 24 comprises a rib 72 arrangement on its underside to strengthen the closure member. The ribs 72 are provided in radial and/or circumferential directions.

Referring back to figure 1 , the cover 2 comprises a mounting formation for a tag 76, which will be described in detail later. The mounting formation allows releasable attachment of the tag 76. The mounting formation comprises a recess 74 to receive the tag 76. The recess 74 opens on the upper surface 12. The recesses 74 is corresponding in shape to the profile of the tag 76. The tag 76 is therefore contained with the recess 74 when attached to the cover 2. The tag 76 does not protrude above the surface of the cover 2 when fully inserted into the recess. The tag 76 does not create a trip-hazard, but is still accessible when the cover is in use. In the present embodiment, the recess 74 is hexagonal. However, the recess 74 may comprise any suitable shape.

A retention mechanism retains the tag 76 in the recess. The retention mechanism comprises a resilient latch 78. The tag 76 is therefore push or snap fit into the recess 74. However, the latch must be manually disengaged to release the tag 76. A plurality of latches 78 are provided. A release channel 80 allows a finger or tool to be inserted beneath the tag 76 to allow removal thereof. It can be appreciated that any suitable method may be used to releasably attach the tag 76 to the cover 2, for example, one or more of: interference fit; screw threads; a clamp; openable cover or closure; hinged panel or bar.

A panel 82 is provided to allow attachment or addition of indicia. The panel 82 comprises a flat/smooth surface. This allows the user to provide physical identifying markers or codes on the cover 2. The panel 82 may provide an ID plate for the cover. In this example, a plurality of panels (eg. three panels) are provided side by side. The panels are smooth and can be written on or have a sticker or badge attached thereto. The panels are slightly recessed with respect to the upper surface such that any indicia will not rub off or otherwise be abraded/removed during normal use. The panel 82 allows a unique badge/tag/hole ID to be marked on the cover.

The cover 2 (as shown in figures 1 and 3) comprises slight discontinuities or recesses 83 in the underside of the cover, at its peripheral edge. The discontinuity 83 is raised slightly to allow insertion of a tool, such as a lever/crowbar under the cover when in use. This can be used to lift/remove the cover from its fixed down state in use. A plurality of such formations 83 are provided around the periphery of the cover, e.g. one on each edge.

The body 4 and/or the closure 24 are moulded (e.g. injection moulded). The body 4 and/or the plug 24 may comprise single piece mouldings. The cover 2 may comprise a polymer (e.g. forming the entirety thereof). The polymer may comprise HDPE. The cover 2 is configured to support a static load of at least 250kg; preferably at least 500kg; preferably, at least 750kg.

The cover 2 comprises a flame resistant or flame retardant material. The cover 2 may have a fluorescent colour. For example, the cover 2 may be a fluorescent yellow, pink, or green colour. The cover 2 may comprise a UV resistant material and/or coating.

The cover 2 comprises a warning label 84. The warning label 84 indicates the presence of a hole. The warning label 84 is provided around the through-hole 26 in this example.

In use it will be appreciated that the periphery of the cover 2 sits on the ground adjacent a hole such that the cover 2 spans the hole opening. Fasteners are then applied through the apertures 56 to fix the cover 2 in place over the hole. The locations of the apertures 56 may be standardised.

Turning to figures 10-12, a further example of a hole cover 200 is shown. It can be seen that the hole cover 200 shares many similar features with the hole cover 2 described above. Those common features will not be described again for conciseness and instead, the following discussion will focus only on the differences between those two covers.

The cover 200 is of smaller length/width than the cover 2. The cover 200 has only three apertures 202 for fixing the cover in place over a hole. Those apertures 202 are located at the corners of the cover 200. The compact nature of the cover means that the recess for the tag is provided at the fourth corner.

The top surface of the cover 200 has a different surface texture to provide grip, which includes circumferential ridges 204. Also there are fewer drainage channels 206, which are inly present part way along each side of the cover

The cover 200 has a central/core portion 208 that is integral with the cover 200, rather than being provided as a separate plug/closure component as described for the cover 2. The core portion is defined by a peripheral wall 210 surrounding it.

The underside of the cover has a different pattern of ridges 212 on its underside which extend radially in towards the core portion 208. At least some of those ridges terminate at the wall 210. There is also a second circumferential wall 214, radially outside and concentric with wall 210.

Although the core portion 208 is integral with the cover 200 as a single piece, it is designed to be removable if desired. In this instance the removable core 208 is not replaceable. Instead, it is designed to be easily cut from the cover using a conventional rotating cutter. The dashed line 216 indicates the intended cutting line for core removal.

In this example, the core portion 208 comprises structural/radial ridges on its underside in a manner similar to the remainder of the cover 200. However, the ridges within the core portion inside the wall 210 are of reduced height. As such this provides a visual indicator of the intended cutting line and also a region of weakness relative to the structural ridges 212 radially outside the wall 210. A user can easily locate and cut out the core portion to thereby provide a through hole for the cover should it be necessary to provide utilities (e.g. in the form of conduits/lines) through the cover 200 in situ. Other visual indicators or markings of the cuttable/removable core could be provided in different examples.

Additional or alternative ways of defining an intended line of weakness for easy cutting/removal of the core portion could be provided, such as perforations, cut-outs or reduced wall thickness of the cover following the intended cut line.

As such, it can be appreciated that the core portion 210 comprises features to allow removal thereof should it be desired by the installer/user of the hole cover. User instructions to this effect can be provided with the hole cover accordingly.

Tracking System

The tag 76 is used for a hole tracking or monitoring system 86. The tracking system 86 is shown in detail in figure 6. It is important to note that the system as described herein allows tracking/auditing of a hole either with or without a hole cover in place, as will be described below.

The tag 76 is attachable to the cover 2, e.g. in a way that is visually apparent but unobtrusive. The tag 76 comprises any suitable device configured to be electronically interrogable or readable. In the present embodiment, the tag 76 comprises an NFC/RFID tag. The tag 76 comprises memory that is readable/interrogable by a mobile computing device 90. The tag 76 comprise a passive tag (i.e. devoid of on-board power supply). The tag 76 parasitically draws power from the interrogating signal of the mobile device 90, and thus does not required batteries etc. In other embodiments, the tag 76 may comprise an active (i.e. powered) tag. This may be beneficial where a tag 76 is provided in a less accessible location, thus requiring a longer broadcast range.

It can be appreciated that the tag 76 may comprise any suitable electronically identifiable means, for example, conventional radio tracking devices. The tag 76 may broadcast an identifiable code, frequency, sequence etc.

The mobile computing device 90 may comprise any suitable device, for example, one or more of: a mobile phone; tablet computer; laptop computer; microcomputer etc. The mobile computing device 90 comprises any suitable hardware for the intended purpose, for example, a processor, memory (volatile/non-volatile), I/O etc. The mobile computing device 90 comprise a wireless communication interface, for example, one or more of: NFC; Bluetooth (RTM); Wifi; GSM; 2G; 3G; 4G; 5G; radio antenna etc. The mobile 90 device therefore operatively communicates with the tag 76 and a remote computing device 92 wirelessly. In some embodiments, the mobile device 90 comprises a range extender configured to increase the range in which the device 90 can communicate with tag 76. The range extender may be integral with the mobile device 90 or may be a removable module attachable thereto. The range extender may comprise an antenna, repeater and/or amplifier

In some embodiments, the mobile device 90 may communicate with the tag 76 and/or the remote device 92 in a wired fashion (e.g. using USB). However, it can be appreciated wireless communication is preferred due to the remote locations of the tags 76.

The remote device 92 typically comprises a server or like, e.g. a central controller and data store. However, it can be appreciated that any suitable processing device can be used, for example, one or more of: a mobile phone; tablet computer; laptop computer; desktop computer; microcomputer; cluster computer; cloud computer etc. Similarly, the mobile device 90 may communicate with the remote device 92 using any suitable means. Typically, communication is provided by a mobile/cellular network (e.g. GSM, 4G, 5G etc). Communication may pass through the internet 94, the cloud, or other WAN architecture. Additionally or alternatively, communication may be provided by a local area network (LAN). The LAN may be provided by one or more of: NFC; Bluetooth (RTM); Wifi; USB etc.

A pre-registration system 96 is shown in figure 7. The system 96 allows registration or identification of a hole before it is created, e.g. at an intended hole location. In a typical construction site, manholes, drainpipes, trenches etc. are modelled in CAD or otherwise their positions are pre-determined. Thus, generally, the position of a specific hole is known before the work is undertaken.

In an optional embodiment, the system 96 is configured to extract and collate/aggregate some or all of the holes 88 in the predefined model to provide a database of the holes. In some examples, the system 96 may extract the hole data from a CAD model directly. For example, the CAD model may be able to export data relating to one or more holes in format readable by the system 96. Additionally or alternatively, the system 96 may be able to read CAD models or like and extract hole data therefrom. Additionally or alternatively, the hole data may be manually entered into the system 96.

In other embodiments, a user places a tag 76 at the site the of the pre-defined hole. The tag 76 comprises an aperture 98 (see figure 1) extending therethrough to allow the tag 76 to be staked/fixed to the floor/ground, e.g. at a fastener location that could be used for a fixing of the hole cover. The tag 76 comprises a substrate to provide substantial thickness, so the tag is not damaged in use. This also allows insertion/removal of the tag from the cover 2. The tag 76 comprises puck or disc like arrangement. The substrate may comprise a thickness of at least 1 mm; preferably, at least 2mm; preferably, at least 3mm. The user then registers the specific hole or predetermined hole on the system 96, for example, using the mobile device 90. Holes are thus registered in an ad-hoc fashion.

It can be appreciated that the exact method of data transfer from the pre-defined model to the system 96 is not pertinent to the invention at hand and any suitable method may be used. Regardless of the methodology, it can be seen that a pre-defined hole is registered/recorded on the system 96. The hole registrations are stored in a database on the remote device 92 and/or the mobile device 90. The remote device 92 and the mobile device 90 are configured to synchronise the database, such that the database is accessible on both devices. Typically, the mobile 90 and the remote device 92 maintain communications such that the database can be updated in real-time. Where communication is unavailable (e.g. when mobile phone reception is not available), the mobile device 90 stores any newly created hole registrations locally. When communication resumes, the newly created hole registrations are sent to the remote device 92. The mobile device 90 is configured to periodically communicate with the remote device 92. Conversely, any newly create hole registrations on the remote device 92 (e.g. from a different user registering holes) are sent to the mobile device 92.

In some embodiments, the database is stored on the remote device 92, and the mobile device 90 retrieves the database or portions thereof on an ad hoc basis (e.g. to retrieve a specific hole registration). This may be beneficial where the database is large, and/or where there could be privacy concerns. The mobile device 90 thus merely acts as a conduit for communication with the remote/central device 92 which administers the hole registrations/records. Similarly, hole registrations may only be stored on the mobile device 90 temporarily, and the database is primarily compiled on the remote device 92.

It can be appreciated that a plurality of users with respective mobile devices 90 may participate in hole registration. The system 96 is thus configured to synchronise the database across the plurality of mobile devices 90. In some embodiments, the mobile devices 90 may communicate peer-to-peer to allow synchronisation of the database therebetween. This provides a mesh network.

In the next stage, a tag 76 is associated with a specific hole. Typically, this is performed by the user when placing tag 76 on site. This helps to ensure the correct tag 76 is associated with the hole. The user interrogates/reads the tag 76 using the mobile device 90. The tag 76 transmits an identifier or token etc. For example, the tag 76 may transmit a UUID. The identifier is then associated with the hole and stored in the database.

Where hole registration is automated or semi-automated (e.g. when extracted from a database), holes may be associated with a tag 76 by automatically assigning a tag identifier from a pre-populated list of tags 76. The user then selects the correct tag to place at the appropriate site.

The tag 76 may comprise a human-readable identifier. The identifier may comprise an alphanumeric code or the like. This allows association of the tag 76 with the hole in the event the electronic memory is unreadable/interrogable. The human readable code may further provide authentication of UUID of the tag 76. For example, the human readable code is pre-associated with the UUID, and user or the mobile device 90 ensures that the transmitted UUID matches with the associated human readable code. This ensures the tag 76 is authentic. The human readable code and the UUID may be mathematically related. For example, the human-readable code may comprise a hash of the UUID. Additionally or alternatively, the pre-associated UUlDs and human readable codes are stored in a database or the like.

Further data is recorded and associated with the hole. The further data may include one or more of:

• Location data of the pre-defined hole. The location data may comprise nominative data, for example, the name of the construction site or specific location (e.g. “Stairwell B”). The location data may comprise quantitative data, for example, GPS coordinates or the like. The mobile device 90 may comprise a map, and the user may be able to create a marker/pin to determine a location. The location may be provided by the mobile device 90, for example, using the onboard GPS.

• Description of the pre-defined hole. For example, the size, type or construction of the hole. The description may comprise warnings (e.g. nearby utility conduits etc.).

• Instructions for creating the hole. This may comprise the type of machinery required, size of hole, angle or hole etc.

• A photograph of the area for the pre-defined hole. This provides an accurate record of the area. The photograph typically includes the tag 76 mounted to the ground/floor to provide evidence the tag 76 has been properly affixed.

• Written description of the area. For example, this may indicate the state of the area (e.g. flooded or partially complete).

• Time/date stamp.

• Signature or indicator of user/inspector.

• Size and/or type of the conduit configured to pass through the cover 2. For example, the conduit may comprise one or more of: electrical; mechanical; plumbing; ventilation; containment etc.

• Status of the hole (described in detail below).

The further data is assembled to provide a record for each hole, and the record is stored in the database. The database is then synchronised across the system 96. The further data for each hole may therefore be accessible to a user in the system 98 dependent on user role/ID. This is repeated for each hole registered in the system 96. Once this process has been performed, a user may then create the hole. The user may reference the database to find the location of the hole and obtain specific instructions for creation of the hole.

Where a cover 2 is already present at the predefined hole site, an ID may be recorded on the cover 2. The cover 2 is therefore also linked with the hole record. The ID is recorded on the indicia panel 82. The ID may comprise the aforementioned human-readable ID.

In some embodiments, the hole is registered or recorded once the hole has already been completed. It can be appreciated that the method of registering the holes is substantially the same as previously described and like features will not be repeated for the sake of brevity. The registration system 100 is shown in figure 8.

The hole 88 is created. The hole may then be covered with the cover 2. The tag 76 is interrogated and the ID associated with the hole 88. The further data is captured and associated with the hole 88 to create a record. The further data may comprise a hole status. The hole status may indicate one or more of:

• Whether the hole has been fully or partially completed;

• The state of the hole. For example, whether damage has occurred, or there is loose debris etc.;

• Whether the cover has been placed over the hole;

• Whether the hole has been fire stopped;

• Whether the cover has been fixed to the ground;

• Indicate any further or remedial work to be completed in the future.

• Whether the hole and/or cover are safe.

• Preparatory and/or completed drilling measurements

• Whether the removable core of the hole cover is in place or removed

• Whether any conduits/pipes/lines pass through the hole and/or cover

Once the record is compiled, the database is synchronised. The user may record the tag 76 ID on the cover 2.

An update procedure 102 is shown in figure 9. The tag 76 is interrogated by the mobile device 92. The tag 76 ID is extracted and the record for hole is retrieved (either locally or from the remote device 92). The data for the hole is analysed. The data may be checked for accuracy or completeness. For example, the mobile device 90 may verify the location of the hole is accurate compared to readings from the onboard GPS. The mobile device may therefore prompt the user to make a correction. The mobile device 90 may flag or prompt the user to provide updated data or complete missing data.

The user and/or mobile device 90 update the data as required. For example, the user may wish to update the status of hole when creation thereof has been completed. The user may assign a new/replacement tag 76 to a hole (e.g. if the old tag 76 is lost/damaged). The user may scan the tag 76 to retrieve the new ID and/or manually add the human- readable code. The user may record observations and/or a photograph as required. The record for each hole is recompiled, and the database is synchronised as previously described. This allows real time updating/reporting of hole statuses. Typically, the recompiled record will be appended to the original record (i.e. the original record is not overwritten and retained)

When updating hole data, metadata associated with the record may be logged/updated. The time of data creation/entry and the ID of the user may be logged as metadata for the record at registration. Upon updating or changing the record data, the associated metadata may be updated to reflect that the record has been changed and by who, e.g. including the time/date of the change and ID of the user. Additionally, access to the record may be logged even if it is not updated, e.g. to show what records have been accessed/viewed.

An auditor or inspector may be able to update the hole status. This allows ad hoc reporting or flagging of one or more issue regarding a specific hole. For example, if an inspector finds the hole is unsafe, they can interrogate the tag 76, and update the record accordingly. Photographs and other metadata may be amended. The inspector may be able to select a predefined selection of holes according one or more data or metadata criteria (e.g. whether the hole is covered or for a specific utility, etc). The selected holes may be indicated on an electronic map or chart.

The user may be able to make manual adjustments to the database without the need to interrogate a specific tag 76. For example, the user can find the required hole on the database and update any part of the record as required. The history of a specific hole (e.g. snapshot thereof) is recorded at each update. Therefore, all the data for the hole may be retrieved at a later time. A timeline of the hole may be created for the hole. This allows auditing/inspecting of the hole (e.g. by an auditor). The database may be exported and/or may be shared with external users. A report may be generated indicating/collating holes according any one or more of the above data or metadata criteria. The user may be able to select one or more holes according to a desired metadata criterion. For example, a report indicating all the covered holes may be generated for a specific site.

In some embodiments, the data for a respective hole may be stored in the tag 76. This may provide a back-up and/or allows a mobile device 90 to retrieve metadata on the hole offline. In some embodiments, data for further holes, or the complete database may be stored on the tag 76. The tag 76 comprises writable memory to allow data to be recorded thereon.

The present cover allows covering of a hole etc. to increase site safety. The cover allows a conduit to pass therethrough, thus allowing some use of utilities whilst the hole is in a partially complete state. The plug-like closure ensures the structural strength of the cover is not compromised. The cover may be quickly and easily affixed to the ground using the fixing means, which are conveniently stowed on the cover. The shaped surface of the cover provides improved grip and drainage.

The present system allows tracking of a plurality of holes in an electronic database. The database may by synchronised across a plurality of devices, thereby allowing disturbed system accessible by a number of users. The statuses of the holes are recorded and may be periodically updated, thereby providing an auditable and traceable monitoring system. Holes may be record and monitored before creation thereof to ensure the whole cycle of the hole creation and filling is tracked. Placing the tracker at the predefined hole may help to prevent operators unintentionally damaging or altering a hole site. Also, when a hole cover is removed, the tag 76 may be removed from the cover and may be fixed in place using one of the cover fixing points to remain with the hole. Thus the hole tracking/auditing system can encompass the full life of a hole, including a predefined hole location, a covered hole or an uncovered hole during construction or else during ongoing life of the site/building thereafter.