Background Art The braking system, which either reduces mechanical velocity or puts a complete stop on its subject, can be categorized as follows: Mechanical Braking System such as band brake, Oil-pressured Braking System, Air Braking System, Electrical Braking System (i. e. retarder), and others such as Engine/Exhaustion Braking System.

In general, more than one braking system from the stated above will be assembled to be installed on moving subjects, such as automobile, however, the existing braking systems are not fully prepared for the safety of the passengers in case of emergency, while existing safety-proof systems are not being widely utilized due to its high-end price tags as well.

Mechanical braking system, such as block-brake, are widely used on the vehicles without mechanical engines, such as bicycles and wheelchairs, however, they are unable to prevent its reverse movement when traveling uphill roads, while not being particularly efficient in controlling its speed when traveling downhill roads. And mechanical or/and oil-pressured braking systems, installed on small vehicles, such as golf-carts, in order to reduce its speed to the desired level as well as maintain a complete stop, often tend to become either partially or completely dysfunctional when the vehicle looses its power or travels in high speed on the steep roads, which usually leads to personal injuries. Even worse accidents are bound to occur, as the vehicle would be turned over if the inconstant power were conveyed

to the cable when a passenger tries to function its braking system in drastic manners.

The conventional parking brakes can cause safety hazard due to user's negligence or incomplete use, especially when the vehicle is parked on slopes.

As the braking systems stated above are mostly designed to execute singular function, it is strongly recommended to install more than 2 of its systems assembled, however, such combined systems are highly likely to be inefficient because of their massive volume and weight.

Disclosure of Invention Presenting invention is to resolve the flaws and problems upon existing imperfect and unsafe braking systems, as stated above.

The object of presenting invention is to offer a Hub Assembly with a braking system, which is capable of reducing rotating velocity of the shafts with the least power available while not being assisted by any additional support of external power, such as electricity or air/oil pressure.

Additional object of presenting invention is to establish a hub assembly with a braking system, which denies any movement of output shaft from external power as long as the driving shaft is not being operated.

Additional object of presenting invention is to provide a hub assembly with a braking system, which automatically triggers itself to limit the rotating velocity of output shaft under the rotating velocity of driving shaft, if the rotating velocity of output shaft ever exceeds that of driving shaft, regardless of the direction of shaft rotation.

Additional object of presenting invention is to provide a hub assembly with a braking system, which operates itself and puts a complete stop on the vehicles at the event of the engine failure, which will prevent possible safety hazards of small vehicles with an engine.

Additional object of presenting invention is to provide a hub assembly with a braking system, of which size is the most compact in the industry with the minimized volume and weight, while being consistent and precise upon braking power and its timing.

Additional object of presenting invention is to provide a hub assembly with a braking system, which disables the function of one-way- clutch or ratchet as well as the function of the braking system by

connecting driving shaft to output shaft.

Additional object of presenting invention is to provide a hub assembly with a braking system, which can provide a variety of combinations of input and output of rotating velocity by installing driving shaft being penetrated through output shaft and the body of the braking system.

Additional object of presenting invention is to provide a hub assembly with a braking system, which provides a modular wheel hub assembly specifically designed for the vehicles without automotive engine, such as wheelchairs.

Other unstated objects of presenting invention will, in part, be obvious and will, in part, be revealed and explained hereinafter.

The detailed description of preferred embodiment of presenting invention, a hub assembly with a braking system is as follows: A driving shaft (7) should be installed rotatably through mid-part of output shaft (10), while both driving shaft (7) and output shaft (10) should be aligned in the same direction within it body is having first and second end walls and a side wall extending between the end walls. A screw gear is formed on the front end of output shaft (10), while a female screw gear should be mounted on cylindrical interior surface, as gear disk with projection on its exterior surface assembled on gear screw of output shaft.

One end of projection of gear disk should be installed to be moved back and forth freely through the penetrating groove on the surface of the driving shaft disk, so that gear disk can be rotated when driving shaft rotates. A gear disk, assembled with screw gear, should be able to be moved along with the direction of the shafts.

A one-way-clutch (3,22), mounted between output shaft disk (2) and gear disk (14), should be controlled if they rotate clockwise, while one-way-clutch should be installed on both ends of projection on the surface of the gear disk, At the same time, one-way-clutch (62,71), installed between output shaft disk (17) and gear disk (14), should be operated in opposite direction with the other one-way-clutch (3,22), as it will be braked if rotating counterclockwise, however, inner diameter of inner wheel (3) should be bigger than coil spring, while outer diameter of outer race (22) is a one-way clutch, fixed on the hub, and driving shaft disk (17) and output shaft disk (2) should be mounted on the side faces of each

one-way-clutches.

A brake shoe (13) should be mounted on the faces of driving shaft disk (17) and output shaft disk (2), facing each sides of gear disk (14). The end of coil spring (20) should be fixed on the pin-holes placed on the disk <BR> <BR> faces of driving shaft disk (17) /gear disk (14), and gear disk (14) and output shaft disk (2).

Therefore, if driving shaft (7) and output shaft (10) possesses the same rotating velocity, this would be identified as a hub assembly with gear disk in its center.

Brief Description of Drawings FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of embodiment of hub assembly with a braking system FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of another embodiment of hub assembly with a braking system FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of coiled spring within the presenting invention FIG. 4 is a structural view of conventional one-way-clutch in'Sprag shape' FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of a portion of ratchet disk.

FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view of embodiment of hub assembly with a braking system in cantilever shape FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of embodiment of connecting disk within the presenting invention FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view of embodiment of hub assembly with a braking system in cantilever shape with hub housing FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view of another embodiment of hub assembly with a braking system in cantilever shape with hub housing FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view of embodiment of hub assembly with a braking system installed on the wheel of automobile FIG. 11 is a cross sectional view of embodiment of hub assembly with a braking system installed on the vehicle Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Referring to Figure 1, details of the description of presenting

invention, according to the rotating velocity of each shafts and the rotating direction of driving shaft and output shaft, are as follows: A gear disk (14), of which projection (15) is assembled on the penetrating groove on the surface of driving shaft disk (17), primarily connected to driving shaft (7), to be moved alongside with the shaft, as long as the rotating velocity of driving shaft (7) is greater than that of output shaft (10) while both rotate clockwise, At the same time, it combined with screw gear (6) of output shaft, and its outer face should be moved alongside with the direction of the shaft. A gear disk (14) moves toward driving shaft disk (17) following the direction of screw gear dictated by the screw gear (6) of output shaft, which is relatively in a low velocity. A gear disk (14) and driving shaft disk (17) gradually tighten inner wheel (21) of one-way-clutch, and eventually rotate as one piece.

Said One-way-clutch includes all of ratchet type, roller type, and sprag type (Fig. 4). At this point in time, one-way-clutch (12,21), which is designed for a free spin when rotating clockwise, is to rotate freely by the direction of the rotation of the shaft, and output shaft (10), connected to gear disk (14) by screw gear (6), is to rotate together with driving shaft (7).

Thus, movement of driving shaft (7) should be transferred to output shaft (10) through driving shaft disk (17) and gear disk (14).

When output shaft (10) rotates faster than driving shaft (7) while driving shaft (7) and output shaft (10) of the braking system rotate clockwise, gear disk (14), which rotates along with driving shaft while being connected to it, is to move toward output shaft disk (2) after closing along to the direction of the shaft according to the rotation of screw gear (6) of the output shaft, of which rotating velocity is relatively greater, while combined with screw gear (6) of output shaft (10). As gear disk (14), which moves along side with screw gear (6), moves closer toward the direction of output shaft disk (2), it rotates inner wheel (3) of one-way-clutch mounted between gear disk (14) and output shaft disk (2). At the same time, one- way-clutch (3,22) installed to put a brake on when rotating clockwise, stops the rotation of the inner wheel (3) of one-way-clutch. Simultaneously, gear disk (14) and output shaft disk (2) either come to a complete stop or reduce its rotating velocity through the frictional force.

By the sequences stated above, as the rotating velocity of output shaft disk (2) increases up to that of gear disk (14), the movement of gear disk (14) toward output shaft disk (10) decreases due to the screw gear (6)

of output shaft. Thus, the rotating velocity of output shaft keeps decreasing due to the frictional force, although coiling reaction of output shaft disk (2) upon the inner wheel (3) of one-way-clutch is to be weakened. It leads the movement of gear disk (14) toward the direction of the shaft to be dissolved by the screw gear, when the rotating velocity of output shaft (10) equals to that of driving shaft (7). Therefore, as the gear disk (14) returns to the neutral position by the strength of stability, gear disk, inner race of one-way-clutch (3) and output shaft disk (2) separate from each other, and gear disk (14) and output shaft disk (2) freely rotate.

If either the rotating velocity of driving shaft (7) decreases or the rotation of output shaft (1) increases, the rotating velocity of output shaft disk (2) approaches that of driving shaft (7) due to the temporary stoppage caused by one-way-clutch (3,22) or the frictional force. At the same time, output shaft (10) also reduces and eventually stops its rotation after repeating locking-and-unlocking action depending on the rotating velocity of driving shaft (7) under the condition when the rotating velocity of the driving shaft (7) decreases and eventually stops.

Suspended output shaft (10) cannot rotate itself by its own moment due to the work of braking system, unless driving shaft (7) rotates. Driving shaft (7) can be rotated, however, under the condition that negligible rotating moment, which can hardly rotate the output shaft and other objects connected to output shaft, is injected into driving shaft, output shaft can be rotated as long as driving shaft is rotated while moment, which is strong enough to rotate the output shaft and other objects connected to output shaft, is applied to the output shaft in the same direction.

Referring to Figure 3, the coil spring (20) is installed to connect cylindrical shaft disk (17) and gear disk (14) as well as gear disk (14) and output shaft disk (20). And it is a restoration spring, which prevents frequent locking/unlocking reaction of the braking system within the mere variation of rotating velocity, as gear disk (14) is blocked not to move toward the direction of shaft until a certain power is reinforced through driving shaft (7) or output shaft (10), which therefore prevents inner wheel of one-way-clutch (3,21) from being coiled by gear disk (14) and output shaft disk (2).

Also, as connection spring links input shaft and output shaft between bearings within the frame of braking system, it will either be functioned as illustrated in Figure 3 or be designed to control the restoration of the

spring while being installed outside of the braking system. Thus, the coil spring is designed to command the precise moment of the braking as well as prevent frequent locking/unlocking reaction of the braking system within the mere variation of rotating velocity, as gear disk (14) is blocked not to move toward the direction of shaft until a certain power, greater than the restoration of the spring, is reinforced by driving shaft (7) or output shaft (10), which therefore prevents inner race of one-way-clutch (3,21) from being coiled by gear disk (14) and output shaft disk (2).

Referring back to Figure 1, under the condition that the braking system of presenting invention rotates counterclockwise, if the rotating velocity of output shaft (10) is greater than that of driving shaft (7), gear disk (14), rotating along with driving shaft (7) connected to projection on the surface of driving shaft disk (17) keyed from driving shaft (7), is to approach toward driving shaft disk (17) as output shaft (10) with greater rotating velocity gains more rotating velocity, while being simultaneously combined with screw gear (6) and moving outer face of output shaft alongside with the direction of the shaft.

As gear disk (14) approaches toward driving shaft disk (17), driving shaft disk (7), inner race of one-way-clutch (21), and gear disk (14) together rotate, after coiling inner wheel of one-way-clutch (21) installed between gear disk (14) and driving shaft disk (7). At the same time, one- way-clutch (12,21), designed to suspend against counterclockwise rotation, is to put a stop on the rotation of inner wheel of one-way-clutch (21).

At this juncture, gear disk (14) and driving shaft disk (17) together stop or keep spinning after they slide while rotating velocity reduces due to the frictional force. And when the rotating velocity of gear disk (14) approaches that of driving shaft disk (17), the torque of gear disk (14) and driving shaft disk (17) upon inner race of one-way-clutch (71) diminishes as the moment of gear disk (14) moving to the direction of shaft also diminishes caused by gear screw (6) of output shaft. If the rotating velocity of output shaft (10) equals to that of driving shaft (7), the moment of gear disk (14) moving to the direction of shaft diminishes caused by screw gear, and cylindrical shaft disk (17), inner wheel of one-way-clutch (21), and gear disk (14) separate from each other as gear disk (64) moves to the neutral position caused by the restoration of coil spring (20).

As a result, while the rotation of inner wheel of one-way-clutch (21) keeps suspended, gear disk and output shaft disk rotate freely.

When the rotating velocity of driving shaft (7) is greater than that of output shaft (10) while shaft of braking system rotates counterclockwise, gear disk (14), connected to driving shaft and being rotated together with driving shaft, moves toward output shaft disk (2) according to the direction of the screw gear of output shaft (6).

A gear disk (14) and output shaft disk (2) gradually tighten inner wheel of one-way-clutch (3) and rotate together. At this particular point in time, one-way-clutch (3,22), designed to suspend when rotating clockwise, does not suspend the rotation of inner wheel of one-way-clutch because the rotating direction of the shaft points clockwise, and the shaft keeps rotating freely. Therefore, the moment of driving shaft (7) is to transfer to output shaft (10) through cylindrical shaft disk (17) and gear disk (14).

As described above, hub assembly of presenting invention efficiently manages to transfer the power of driving shaft (7) to output shaft (10) regardless of the rotating direction of the shaft. At the same time, when rotating velocity of output shaft (10) is greater than that of driving shaft (7), it blocks the power conveyed from output shaft (10) to driving shaft (7) as braking system propels the rotating velocity of output shaft (10) up to that of driving shaft (7).

Figure 2 shows another embodiment of hub assembly with braking system in Figure 1, which essentially has the same structure with Figure 1.

However, the braking direction of one-way-clutch has been altered, after screw gear is installed on driving shaft (31), and gear disk is combined with screw gear (6) of driving shaft (31) and mounted on the penetration groove, which is placed on the face of the disk of output shaft (32).

Thus, when reducing speed while rotating clockwise, gear disk (14) moves toward cylindrical shaft disk (17) and tightens inner wheel of one- way-clutch, and rotation of the shaft will be suspended by one-way-clutch, designed to suspend while rotating clockwise. The same explanation can be applied when rotating velocity of driving shaft is greater while rotating either clockwise or counterclockwise, as shown in Figure 1.

Referring to Figure 5, a detailed cross sectional view of braking system with ratchet, replacing one-way-clutch, is illustrated. This hub assembly with braking system replaced inner wheel of one-way-clutch (3, 22) with ratchet wheel (33,34), and outer race (21,21) and sprag with ratchet (35,36) and ratchet pole, which were described in Figure 1,2, and 4. Ratchet and ratchet pole are installed evenly on more than 3 frames.

Referring to Figure 6, hub assembly in cantilever shape is illustrated, which is adequate for wheelchairs. This assembly is similar to the one drawn in Figure 2. The notable difference between these 2 hub assemblies is that a fixed shaft is projected from the frame along the line of the shaft, and the driving shaft (40) is projected through second end wall. Operation one the slope should be easier once spoke wheel is mounted on the extended output shaft and revolving knob is installed on driving shaft.

Referring to Figure 7, it describes the devices, which becomes useful when towing a vehicle, or manually rotating output shaft, or preventing braking system of hub assembly from functioning such as when electrical vehicle is required to revive its braking system.

A connecting clutch maintains the equal rotating velocity between output shaft and driving shaft, as output shaft and driving shaft, projected from the body of braking system, are connected with each other through the clutch. Thus, driving shaft and output shaft rotate freely regardless of either the rotating velocity or rotating direction, since inner race of one- way-clutch (3,21) is prevented from being tightened by gear disk (14) and output shaft disk (2), as gear disk does not move to the direction of the shaft due to the variation of rotating velocity. Although connecting clutch should be operated and connected while gear disk (14) in neutral in order to safely prevent one-way-clutch from functioning, standard neutral positioning can be easily installed since the variation of the rotation is mostly within 0.5 despite the torque of driving shaft and output shaft is determined by the inclination degree of screw gear and possible traveling distance of gear disk.

Referring to Figure 8, it details a cross sectional view of a hub assembly in cantilever shape, which is adequate to manually operated vehicles, such as wheelchairs and carts. This assembly is to be rotatably assembled upon fixed shaft of the assembly in Figure 6, and it rotates together with output shaft, while being fixed and mounted on output shaft, and also contains hub housing (50) which tightly surrounds the body. Outer housing has means to mount spoke (51) and forms a wheel connecting to the rim by radial spokes.

Referring to Figure 9, it shows an assembly installed with driving shaft (56) of hub assembly in cantilever shape connected through fixed shaft (55). As this assembly can easily convey the external power to driving shaft through fixed shaft mounted on the frame, it should nicely

compliment electrical vehicle, such as electrically operating wheelchairs, which rely on the motor mounted at the rear frame. At the same time, this wheelchair can be manually operated if revolving knob is installed on the driving shaft (56) projected from second end wall.

Figure 10 offers a description upon a hub assembly applied to vehicle wheels. A body (50) of hub assembly is connected to the body frame of the vehicle by a knuckle (62), and wheel (60) should be mounted on output shaft (32). With motor with deceleration device mounted on the outer wall of the body of braking system, power should be conveyed to driving shaft.

While hub assembly of wheel from Figure 10 will be referenced, the description of Figure 11 as follows: Per each wheel of vehicle, forward movement implies clockwise rotation while backward movement implies counterclockwise rotation. Wheels of the vehicle form a pair perpendicular to an axis of symmetry, which lines from the front of the vehicle to its rear.

Braking system should be installed on each wheels of each pair. Output shaft should be mounted by screw gear of right screw on the right wheel, while output shaft should be mounted on the left wheel by screw gear of left screw. All braking system on both sides of wheels should operate on one-way-clutch connected to output shaft disk (2), when rotating clockwise, while they should operate on one-way-clutch connected to driving shaft disk (2), when rotating counterclockwise. Therefore, the speed of a vehicle can be controlled according to rotating velocity of the accessible motor. At the same time, no parking brake will ever be required as long as a hum assembly with a braking system of presenting invention is installed due to its innovative functions. And the vehicle will start moving from parked position on the slope without any downward movement. If engine ever stalls while running, driving shaft will stop rotating as well. Braking system immediately functions itself ignited by the variation of the rotating velocity.

Thus, a variety of possible unfortunate safety hazards can be prevented, even if barking system fails due to malfunction of the booster.

It will thus be seen that the objects set forth above, among those made apparent from the preceding description are efficiently attained and since certain changes may be made in the above construction without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention described herein.

Industrial Applicability The braking velocity of vehicle can be controlled according to rotating velocity of controllable motor of small vehicles, such as golf carts, and hand rim of manually operated vehicle, such as wheelchairs, can be controlled as well. And no parking brake will ever be required as long as a hum assembly with a braking system of presenting invention is installed due to its innovative functions, while the vehicle will start moving from parked position on the slope without any downward movement. If engine ever stalls while running, driving shaft will stop rotating as well. Braking system immediately functions itself ignited by the variation of the rotating velocity.

Thus, a variety of possible unfortunate safety hazards can be prevented, even if conventional barking system fails due to malfunction of the booster.