TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to mechanical engineering. The present disclosure, particularly, relates to energy harvesting systems to gain renewable energies. The present disclosure, more particularly, relates to a hybrid system for radiative cooling and solar heating.

BACKGROUND ART

[0002] In the study of heat transfer, radiative cooling is a process by which a body loses heat by thermal radiation. As Planck’s law describes, every physical body spontaneously and continuously emits electromagnetic radiation. Infrared radiation can pass through dry, clear air in wavelength range of 8-13 pm. Materials that can absorb energy and radiate it in those wavelengths exhibit a strong cooling effect. Materials that can also reflect 95% or more of sunlight in the 200 nanometers to 2.5 pm range can exhibit cooling even in direct sunlight.

[0003] The sky, with a temperature of about -270 degrees Celsius, can absorb heat through radiation heat transfer. Also, the earth's atmosphere in the wavelength range of 8-13 pm (which is called the atmospheric window) has a high transparency coefficient that this wavelength lies within infrared waves and therefore the earth's atmosphere can pass most of the infrared waves emitted by objects at ambient temperature through itself. Objects with coatings with a high emission coefficient in the atmospheric window range can transfer a large amount of their energy through radiative heat transfer almost without the intervention of the Earth's atmosphere and reach a temperature lower than the ambient temperature. This phenomenon, through which the temperature is reduced and cooling power is generated, is called radiative cooling.

[0004] In previous works, to achieve radiative cooling, a surface was used to apply a special coating on it to boost the radiation heat transfer to the sky and cool down the surface. To prevent heat from the sun to the cooling surface, a reflecting coating was used on the surface or an object was used to provide shadow on the cooling surface.

[0005] To prevent heat from the sun to the cooling surface, two main solutions were used. First, using reflecting coating which is expensive and difficult to apply, and second, using an object to provide shadow on the cooling surface, which blocked the view of the cooling surface to the sky, and the cooling power was reduced. There is, therefore, a need for a hybrid system in which although the object blocks the view of the cooling surface to the sky, the shadow can be modified to use the sunlight effectively. Furthermore, the hybrid system may be able to generate cooling power and use solar energy to heat an object such as a fluid in a cost-effective and feasible way.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0006] This summary is intended to provide an overview of the subject matter of the present disclosure, and is not intended to identify essential elements or key elements of the subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to determine the scope of the claimed implementations. The proper scope of the present disclosure may be ascertained from the claims set forth below in view of the detailed description below and the drawings.

[0007] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, a hybrid system for radiative cooling and solar heating is disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, the disclosed hybrid system may include a first base, a cold section, a hot section, an azimuth- rotation mechanism, and a zenith-rotation mechanism. In an exemplary embodiment, the first base may be made of aluminum alloy.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, the cold section may be mounted on the first base. In an exemplary embodiment, the cold section may be configured to generate cooling power. In an exemplary embodiment, the cold section may include a sheet, a box, a frame, a plurality of mirrors, and an aluminum foil with a very thin layer of polystyrene at the top of it. In an exemplary embodiment, the sheet may be made of aluminum. In an exemplary embodiment, the sheet may include a first coating layer coated on a top surface of the sheet. In an exemplary embodiment, the first coating layer may be made of sylgard 184. In an exemplary embodiment, a thickness of the first coating layer may be 150 pm.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the sheet may be disposed onto the box. In an exemplary embodiment, the box may include a hollow space on a top side of the box. In an exemplary embodiment, the hollow space may be configured to create a first air gap between the box and the sheet. In an exemplary embodiment, the frame may be made of polyethylene and at the top of it, a thin layer of polystyrene may be applied. In an exemplary embodiment, the frame may be disposed onto the sheet.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, the thin layer may be made of polyethylene. In an exemplary embodiment, the thin layer may be disposed onto the frame. In an exemplary embodiment, the sheet, the frame, and the thin layer may be configured to create a second air gap between the sheet and the thin layer. In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of mirrors attached to inner surfaces of the polyethylene frame, the plurality of mirrors may be configured to reflect radiations from the sheet. In an exemplary embodiment, the aluminum foil may be attached to a top side of the frame. [0011] In an exemplary embodiment, the hot section may be configured to provide shadow on the cold section and generate heating power by using solar energy. In an exemplary embodiment, the hot section may include a first curved sheet, a second curved sheet, a first woody sheet, a second woody sheet, a duct, a first securing sheet, a second securing sheet, a pipe, and a pump. In an exemplary embodiment, the first curved sheet may be disposed at a first side of the cold section. In an exemplary embodiment, the first curved sheet may include a first parabolic profile. In an exemplary embodiment, the first curved sheet may be made of aluminum. In an exemplary embodiment, the first curved sheet may be configured to reflect sunlight.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the second curved sheet may be disposed at a second side of the cold section. In an exemplary embodiment, the first side of the cold section may be opposite to the second side of the cold section. In an exemplary embodiment, the second curved sheet may include a second parabolic profile. In an exemplary embodiment, the second parabolic profile may be the same as the first parabolic profile. In an exemplary embodiment, the second curved sheet may be made of aluminum. In an exemplary embodiment, the second curved sheet may be configured to reflect sunlight. In an exemplary embodiment, the first curved sheet and the second curved sheet may be positioned in such a way that a focal line of the first curved sheet and a focal line of the second curved sheet coincide with each other.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment, the first woody sheet may be with a first plurality of triangular woody legs. In an exemplary embodiment, the first woody sheet may be disposed on the first base and at the first side of the cold section. In an exemplary embodiment, the first plurality of triangular woody legs may be disposed on the first woody sheet. In an exemplary embodiment, each of the first plurality of triangular woody legs may include a respective curved side associated with the first curved sheet. In an exemplary embodiment, the first curved sheet may be placed onto curved sides of the first plurality of triangular woody legs.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, the second woody sheet may be with a second plurality of triangular woody legs. In an exemplary embodiment, the second woody sheet may be disposed on the first base and at the second side of the cold section. In an exemplary embodiment, the second plurality of triangular woody legs may be disposed on the second woody sheet. In an exemplary embodiment, each of the second plurality of triangular woody legs may include a respective curved side associated with the second curved sheet. In an exemplary embodiment, the second curved sheet may be placed onto curved sides of the second plurality of triangular woody legs.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, the duct may be made of aluminum alloy 1050. In an exemplary embodiment, the duct may be placed above the cold section and at the focal line of the first curved sheet and the focal line of the second curved sheet. In an exemplary embodiment, the duct may include a second coating layer coated onto a bottom surface of the duct. In an exemplary embodiment, the second coating layer may be made of nickel. In an exemplary embodiment, the bottom surface of the duct may face toward the cold section. In an exemplary embodiment, a top surface of the duct may include a black color. In an exemplary embodiment, the top surface of the duct may be opposite to the bottom surface of the duct. In an exemplary embodiment, the black color of the top surface of the duct may be configured to increase sunlight absorption by the duct. In an exemplary embodiment, the second coating layer may be configured to increase sunlight absorption and decrease energy emission from the duct to the cold section.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment, the duct may be configured to absorb sunlight reflected from the first curved sheet and the second curved sheet. In an exemplary embodiment, the duct may further be configured to heat up responsive to absorbing the sunlight reflected from the first curved sheet and the second curved sheet and provide shadow on the cold section. In an exemplary embodiment, the first securing sheet may be placed at a third side of the cold section. In an exemplary embodiment, the second securing sheet may be placed at a fourth side of the cold section. In an exemplary embodiment, the first securing sheet and the second securing sheet may be configured to secure the first curved sheet and the second curved sheet at position. [0017] In an exemplary embodiment, the pipe may be disposed inside the duct. In an exemplary embodiment, the pump may be configured to circulate water in the pipe. In an exemplary embodiment, responsive to the duct absorbing the sunlight reflected from the first curved sheet and the second curved sheet, the water inside the pipe may heat up.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment, the azimuth-rotation mechanism may be configured to rotate the first base with the cold section and the hot section around a first axis. In an exemplary embodiment, the azimuth-rotation mechanism may include a second base, a pair of ball bearings, a pair of shafts, and a DC motor. In an exemplary embodiment, the second base may be made of aluminum alloy. In an exemplary embodiment, the first base may be mounted on the second base. In an exemplary embodiment, the pair of ball bearings may be fixedly attached to the second base.

[0019] In an exemplary embodiment, the pair of shafts may be positioned along the first axis. In an exemplary embodiment, each of the pair of shafts may be disposed in a respective ball bearing from the pair of ball bearings. In an exemplary embodiment, the pair of shafts may be fixedly attached to the first base. In an exemplary embodiment, the DC motor may be connected to a shaft from the pair of shafts by using a gearbox. In an exemplary embodiment, the DC motor may be configured to rotate the pair of shafts and the first base with the cold section and the hot section around the first axis. [0020] In an exemplary embodiment, the zenith-rotation mechanism may be configured to rotate the second base and the first base with the cold section and the hot section around a second axis. In an exemplary embodiment, the zenith-rotation mechanism may include a third base and a pair of vertical levers.

[0021] In an exemplary embodiment, the third base may be made of aluminum alloy. In an exemplary embodiment, a first side of the third base hingedly may be attached to a first side of the second base by using a plurality of hinges. In an exemplary embodiment, the second base may be configured to rotate around the second axis and relative to the third base. In an exemplary embodiment, the second axis may be associated with the first side of the second base and the first side of the third base.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawing figures depict one or more implementations in accord with the present teachings, by way of example only, not by way of limitation. In the figures, like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements.

[0023] FIG. 1A illustrates a perspective view of a hybrid system for radiative cooling and solar heating, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. IB illustrates a perspective view of a hybrid system for radiative cooling and solar heating, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 2A illustrates a perspective view of a cold section, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 2B illustrates an exploded view of a cold section, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. [0027] FIG. 3A illustrates a perspective view of a hot section, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 3B illustrates a perspective view of a hot section, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG. 4 illustrates a first triangular woody leg from a first plurality of triangular woody legs, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG. 5A illustrates a perspective view of a duct, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 5B illustrates a top view of a duct, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 6A illustrates a bottom view of a hybrid system, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG. 6B illustrates a perspective view of a hybrid system, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0034] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth by way of examples in order to provide a thorough understanding of the relevant teachings. However, it should be apparent that the present teachings may be practiced without such details. In other instances, well known methods, procedures, components, and/or circuitry have been described at a relatively high-level, without detail, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring aspects of the present teachings.

[0035] The following detailed description is presented to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use the methods and devices disclosed in exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of explanation, specific nomenclature is set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not required to practice the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments are provided only as representative examples. Various modifications to the exemplary implementations will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other implementations and applications without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the implementations shown, but is to be accorded the widest possible scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

[0036] FIG. 1A shows a perspective view of a hybrid system 100 for radiative cooling and solar heating, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. IB shows a perspective view of hybrid system 100 for radiative cooling and solar heating, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. IB, in an exemplary embodiment, hybrid system 100 may include a first base 102, a cold section 104, and a hot section 106. In an exemplary embodiment, cold section 104 may be responsible for cooling power and hot section 106 may be responsible for providing shadow on cold section and producing the heating power from the sun. In an exemplary embodiment, first base 102 may be made of aluminum alloy. In an exemplary embodiment, cold section 104 may be mounted onto first base 102. In an exemplary embodiment, cold section 104 may be configured to generate cooling power.

[0037] FIG. 2A shows a perspective view of cold section 104, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2B shows an exploded view of cold section 104, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, in an exemplary embodiment, cold section 104 may include a sheet 201, a box 202, a frame 203, and a thin layer 204. In an exemplary embodiment, sheet 201 may be made of aluminum. In an exemplary embodiment, sheet 201 may act as the cooling surface. In an exemplary embodiment, the sheet may include a first coating layer on a top surface of sheet 201. In an exemplary embodiment, the first coating layer may be made of sylgard 184 which is a type of Poly dimethylsiloxane. In an exemplary embodiment, a thickness of first coating layer may be 150 pm. In an exemplary embodiment, a surface coated with PDMS (sylgard 184) may boost the radiation heat transfer to the sky and the outer space via atmospheric window so, with the help of the duct to provide shadow, the cooling power may be achieved.

[0038] In an exemplary embodiment, it may be understood that sylgard 184 has high emissivity in the range of the atmospheric window (8-13 micrometers) and low emissivity in other wavelengths which causes sheet 201 (cooling surface) to increase the radiation heat transfer to the sky and consequently cool down.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment, sheet 201 may be disposed onto box 202. In an exemplary embodiment, box 202 may include a hollow space 222 on a top side 223 of box 202. In an exemplary embodiment, hollow space 222 may be configured to create a first air gap between box 202 and sheet 201. In an exemplary embodiment, inner walls of box 202 may be covered by a plurality of mirrors so the radiation from sheet 201 may be reflected. In an exemplary embodiment, the first air gap may help isolating sheet 201 from conduction. In an exemplary embodiment, frame 203 may be made of polystyrene. In an exemplary embodiment, frame 203 may be disposed onto sheet 201. In an exemplary embodiment, thin layer 204 may be made of polyethylene. In an exemplary embodiment, thin layer 204 may be disposed onto frame 203. In an exemplary embodiment, sheet 201, frame 203, and thin layer 204 may be configured to create a second air gap between sheet 201, and thin layer 204. In an exemplary embodiment, the second air gap may help preventing sheet 201 from convection heat transfer. In an exemplary embodiment, cold section 104 may further include an aluminum foil. In an exemplary embodiment, the aluminum foil may be attached to a top side of frame 203. In an exemplary embodiment, the aluminum foil may help enhancing the function of cold section 104 and reflect the radiation from the sun and surroundings.

[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, hot section 106 may be configured to provide shadow on cold section 104 and generate heating power by using solar energy. FIG. 3A shows a perspective view of hot section 106, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3B shows a perspective view of hot section 106, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3A, in an exemplary embodiment, hot section 106 may include a first curved sheet 301 and a second curved sheet 302. In an exemplary embodiment, first curved sheet 301 and second curved sheet 302 may be made of aluminum. In an exemplary embodiment, first curved sheet 301 may be disposed at a first side 303 of cold section 104. In an exemplary embodiment, first curved sheet 301 may have a first parabolic profile. In an exemplary embodiment, first curved sheet 301 may be configured to reflect sunlight.

[0041] In an exemplary embodiment, second curved sheet 302 may be disposed at a second side 304 of cold section 104. In an exemplary embodiment, first side 303 of cold section 104 may be opposite to second side 304 of cold section 104. In an exemplary embodiment, second curved sheet 302 may include a second parabolic profile. In an exemplary embodiment, the second parabolic profile may be the same as the first parabolic profile. In an exemplary embodiment, second curved sheet 302 may be configured to reflect sunlight. In an exemplary embodiment, first curved sheet 301 and second curved sheet 302 may be positioned in such a way that a focal line of first curved sheet 301 and a focal line of second curved sheet 302 coincide with each other. For example, first curved sheet 301 and second curved sheet 302 may have a common focal line 305.

[0042] As shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, in an exemplary embodiment, hot section 106 may further include a first woody sheet 306 with a first plurality of triangular woody legs 361 and a second woody sheet 307 with a second plurality of triangular woody legs 371. In an exemplary embodiment, first woody sheet 307 may be disposed on first base 102 and at first side 303 of cold section 104. In an exemplary embodiment, first plurality of triangular woody legs 361 may be disposed on first woody sheet 307. FIG. 4 shows a first triangular woody leg 401 from first plurality of triangular woody legs 361, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, in an exemplary embodiment, first triangular woody leg 401 from first plurality of triangular woody legs 361 may include a curved side 411 associated with the first parabolic profile. In an exemplary embodiment, each triangular woody leg from first plurality of triangular woody legs 361 may include a respective curved side. In an exemplary embodiment, first curved sheet 301 may be placed onto curved sides of first plurality of triangular woody legs 361. In an exemplary embodiment, first curved sheet 301 may be stuck to curved sides of first plurality of triangular woody legs 361 so that first curved sheet 301 may follow the shape of curved sides of first plurality of triangular woody legs 361.

[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, each triangular woody leg from second plurality of triangular woody legs 371 may be similar to first triangular woody leg 401 from first plurality of triangular woody legs 361 in structure and functionality. In an exemplary embodiment, second curved sheet 302 may be placed onto curved sides of second plurality of triangular woody legs 371. In an exemplary embodiment, second curved sheet 302 may be stuck to curved sides of second plurality of triangular woody legs 371 so that second curved sheet 302 may follow the shape of curved sides of second plurality of triangular woody legs 371.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, hot section 106 may further include a duct 162. In an exemplary embodiment, duct 162 may be made of aluminum alloy 1050. In an exemplary embodiment, duct 162 may be placed above cold section 104 and at common focal line 305. In an exemplary embodiment, duct 162 may include a second coating layer which may be coated onto a bottom surface 1622 of duct 162. In an exemplary embodiment, the second coating layer may be made of nickel which is a selective coating that has high absorptivity in low wavelength and high emissivity in atmospheric window so it can absorb more sunlight and emit less energy to cold section 104. In an exemplary embodiment, the second coating layer may be configured to increase sunlight absorption and decrease energy emission from duct 162. In an exemplary embodiment, bottom surface 1622 of duct 162 may refer to a surface of duct 162 which faces toward cold section 104. In an exemplary embodiment, a top surface 1624 of duct 162 may be painted with black color. In an exemplary embodiment, top surface 1624 of duct 162 may refer to a surface of duct 162 which is opposite to bottom surface 1622 of duct 162. In an exemplary embodiment, the black color of top surface 1624 of duct 162 may be configured to help increasing sunlight absorption by duct 162.

[0045] In an exemplary embodiment, duct 162 may be configured to absorb sunlight reflected from first curved sheet 301 and second curved sheet 302. In an exemplary embodiment, duct 162 may further be configured to heat up responsive to absorbing the sunlight reflected from first curved sheet 301 and second curved sheet 302. In an exemplary embodiment, duct 162 may further be configured to provide shadow on cold section 104.

[0046] As further shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, in an exemplary embodiment, hot section 106 may further include a first securing sheet 381 and a second securing sheet 382. In an exemplary embodiment, first securing sheet 381 may be placed at a third side 331 of cold section 104. In an exemplary embodiment, second securing sheet 382 may be placed at a fourth side 332 of cold section 104. In an exemplary embodiment, first securing sheet 381 and second securing sheet 382 may be configured to secure first curved sheet 301 and second curved sheet 302 at position. In an exemplary embodiment, third side 331 of cold section 104 may be opposite to fourth side 332 of cold section 104.

[0047] FIG. 5A shows a perspective view of duct 162, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5B shows a top view of duct 162, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, in an exemplary embodiment, hot section 106 may further include a pipe 501. In an exemplary embodiment, pipe 501 may be disposed inside duct 162. In an exemplary embodiment, hot section 106 may further include a pump 502 associated with pipe 501. In an exemplary embodiment, pump 502 may be connected to pipe 501. In an exemplary embodiment, pump 502 may be configured to circulate water in pipe 501. In an exemplary embodiment, when the sunlight reflected from first curved sheet 301 and second curved sheet 302 is absorbed by duct 162, water inside pipe 501 may heat up.

[0048] FIG. 6A shows a bottom view of hybrid system 100, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6B shows a perspective view of hybrid system 100, consistent with one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, in an exemplary embodiment, hybrid system 100 may further include an azimuth-rotation mechanism 601. In an exemplary embodiment, azimuth-rotation mechanism 601 may be configured to rotate first base 102 with cold section 104 and hot section 106 around a first axis 611. In an exemplary embodiment, azimuth-rotation mechanism 601 may include a second base 612. In an exemplary embodiment, second base 612 may be made of aluminum alloy. In an exemplary embodiment, first base 102 may be mounted on second base 612.

[0049] As further shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, in an exemplary embodiment, azimuthrotation mechanism 601 may further include a pair of ball bearings 613. In an exemplary embodiment, pair of ball bearings 613 may be fixedly attached to second base 612. In an exemplary embodiment, azimuth-rotation mechanism 601 may further include a pair of shafts 614. In an exemplary embodiment, pair of shafts 614 may be positioned along first axis 611. In an exemplary embodiment, each of pair of shafts 614 may be disposed in a respective ball bearing from pair of ball bearings 613. In an exemplary embodiment, pair of shafts 614 may be fixedly attached to first base 102. In an exemplary embodiment, azimuth-rotation mechanism 601 may further include a DC motor (not shown in Figures). In an exemplary embodiment, the DC motor may be connected to a shaft from pair of shafts 614 by using a gearbox. In an exemplary embodiment, the DC motor may be configured to rotate pair of shafts 614 and first base 102 with cold section 104 and hot section 106 around first axis 611.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, hybrid system 100 may further include a zenith-rotation mechanism 602. In an exemplary embodiment, zenith-rotation mechanism 602 may be configured to rotate second base 612 and first base 102 with cold section 104 and hot section 106 around a second axis 621. In an exemplary embodiment, zenith-rotation mechanism 602 may include a third base 622 and a pair of vertical levers 623. In an exemplary embodiment, third base 622 may be made of aluminum alloy. In an exemplary embodiment, a first side 6222 of third base 622 may be hingedly attached to a first side 6122 of second base 612 by using a plurality of hinges (not shown in Figures). In an exemplary embodiment, when first side 6222 of third base 622 is hingedly attached to first side 6122 of second base 612, it may mean that first side 6222 of third base 622 is attached to first side 6122 of second base 612 in such a way that third base 622 is able to rotate around second axis 621 and relative to third base 622. In an exemplary embodiment, second axis 621 may be associated with first side 6222 of third base 622 and first side 6122 of second base 612.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, pair of vertical levers 623 may be fixedly attached to third base 622. In an exemplary embodiment, pair of vertical levers 623 may be configured to be attached to second base 612 at different points and different heights along lengths of pair of vertical levers 623. In an exemplary embodiment, a user/operator may rotate second base 612 around second axis 621 and set second base 612 at a desired angle and then may secure second base 612 at position by attaching second base 612 to pair of vertical levers 623 by means of a type of pins. In an exemplary embodiment, azimuth -rotation mechanism 601 and zenithrotation mechanism 602 may help providing a permanent shadow on the cooling surface during a day and may improve the efficiency of hot section 106. In an exemplary embodiment, azimuth-rotation mechanism 601 may be responsible to track the sun in the direction of the azimuth angle and zenith-rotation mechanism 602 may be responsible to track the sun in the direction of the zenith angle.

[0052] As discussed above, in the disclosed hybrid system, a duct may be used to provide shadow on the surface so the demand for reflecting coating may be omitted. Moreover, with a special geometry for the structure, the duct may be used as a collector so the heat from the sun may be collected to heat water that is circulating in the duct. So, concerning the less view of the surface to the sky, heating energy from the sun is also achievable. According to the simultaneous cooling and heating power that the setup can provide, it can be applied at any place demanding cooling and heating power. In an exemplary embodiment, using this setup in domestic and industrial places can reduce the consumption of water and electricity for air conditioning. [0053] In an exemplary embodiment, some sensors may be used to collect the data. DS18B20 may be stuck under sheet 201 with silicon glue to measure the cooling surface temperature. In an exemplary embodiment, DHT11 may be installed on the outer side of box 202 to measure the ambient temperature and humidity. LDR may be installed next to sheet 201 to help azimuthrotation mechanism 601 follow the sun properly. To turn on and off the motor periodically, a relay may be installed. Two thermocouple type k may be installed in the entrance and end of the path of water circulating in the duct. All data may be gathered using an Arduino uno.

[0054] While the foregoing has described what may be considered to be the best mode and/or other examples, it is understood that various modifications may be made therein and that the subject matter disclosed herein may be implemented in various forms and examples, and that the teachings may be applied in numerous applications, only some of which have been described herein. It is intended by the following claims to claim any and all applications, modifications and variations that fall within the true scope of the present teachings.

[0055] Unless otherwise stated, all measurements, values, ratings, positions, magnitudes, sizes, and other specifications that are set forth in this specification, including in the claims that follow, are approximate, not exact. They are intended to have a reasonable range that is consistent with the functions to which they relate and with what is customary in the art to which they pertain.

[0056] The scope of protection is limited solely by the claims that now follow. That scope is intended and should be interpreted to be as broad as is consistent with the ordinary meaning of the language that is used in the claims when interpreted in light of this specification and the prosecution history that follows and to encompass all structural and functional equivalents.

Notwithstanding, none of the claims are intended to embrace subject matter that fails to satisfy the requirement of Sections 101, 102, or 103 of the Patent Act, nor should they be interpreted in such a way. Any unintended embracement of such subject matter is hereby disclaimed.

[0057] Except as stated immediately above, nothing that has been stated or illustrated is intended or should be interpreted to cause a dedication of any component, step, feature, object, benefit, advantage, or equivalent to the public, regardless of whether it is or is not recited in the claims.

[0058] It will be understood that the terms and expressions used herein have the ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressions with respect to their corresponding respective spaces of inquiry and study except where specific meanings have otherwise been set forth herein. Relational terms such as first and second and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by “a” or “an” does not, without further constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0059] The Abstract of the Disclosure is provided to allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the foregoing Detailed Description, it can be seen that various features are grouped together in various implementations. This is for purposes of streamlining the disclosure, and is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed implementations require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed implementation. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separately claimed subject matter. [0060] While various implementations have been described, the description is intended to be exemplary, rather than limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more implementations and implementations are possible that are within the scope of the implementations. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the accompanying figures and discussed in this detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature of any implementation may be used in combination with or substituted for any other feature or element in any other implementation unless specifically restricted. Therefore, it will be understood that any of the features shown and/or discussed in the present disclosure may be implemented together in any suitable combination. Accordingly, the implementations are not to be restricted except in light of the attached claims and their equivalents. Also, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the attached claims.