| US3222709A | 1965-12-14 | |||
| GB2568530A | 2019-05-22 | |||
| DE3519478A1 | 1986-12-04 | |||
| EP0663504A1 | 1995-07-19 | |||
| GB852213A | 1960-10-26 |
| CLAIMS 1. A hydraulic hinge device for the controlled rotary movement of a closing element (P), in particular a door, a door leaf or the like, which can be anchored to a stationary support structure (S), in particular to a frame or a floor, the hydraulic hinge device comprising: - a hinge body (110) which can be integrally anchored to one of the closing element (P) and the stationary support structure (S); - at least one pivot (200) which can be integrally anchored to the other of the closing element (P) and the stationary support structure (S), said at least one pivot (200) defining a first axis (X), said hinge body (110) and said at least one pivot (200) being mutually rotatably coupled to rotate one with respect to the other around an axis substantially parallel to or coincident with said first axis (X) between at least one opening position and at least one closing position of the closing element (P); - means (1) for controlling the flow of a working fluid comprising: - at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) comprising said working fluid, said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) comprising at least one respective inlet port (13', 14'); - a line (15) for the fluidic connection of said at least one first and one second working chamber (11, 12): - at least one element (40) for adjusting the flow of the working fluid arranged in said fluidic connection line (15): - at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") sealingly slidably inserted into the respective inlet port (13', 14') to slide along a respective second and third axis (U', Y"), each of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") comprising a respective end (2 , 22') inside the respective at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) and a respective opposite end (21", 22") external thereto slidable along the respective second and third axes (U', Y") between respective positions distal from and proximal to the respective inlet ports (13', 14'); wherein said hinge body (110) internally includes at least one compartment (112) comprising said at least one pivot (200), said at least one compartment (112) further including said control means (1) or the latter being removably insertable into said at least one compartment (112); wherein said working fluid is exclusively contained in said at least one first and one second working chamber (11, 12) and said fluidic connection line (15), said at least one compartment (112) comprising a dry portion (113) which includes said at least one pivot (200) and the opposite ends (21", 22") of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20"); wherein said at least one pivot (200) comprises at least first and second cam means (215, 210) susceptible to dry interact selectively and alternately with corresponding at least first and second cam follower means (25', 25") integrally coupled respectively with said opposite ends (21", 22") of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20"); so that to the mutual rotation of said hinge body (110) and said at least one pivot (200) around said axis substantially parallel to or coincident with said first axis (X) between said at least one opening position and at least one closing position of the closing element (P) there corresponds the sliding of one of said opposite ends (21") along the respective second or third axis (U') from the respective distal position toward the respective proximal position and the simultaneous sliding of the other of said opposite ends (22") along the respective second or third axis (Y") from the respective proximal position toward the respective distal position and vice versa. 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein said hinge body (110) and said at least one pivot (200) rotate mutually so that: - to the rotation from one of said at least one opening position and at least one closing position toward the other of the latter, there corresponds the sliding of one of said opposite ends (21") along the respective second or third axis (U') from the respective distal position toward the respective proximal position and the simultaneous sliding of the other of said opposite ends (22") along the respective second or third axis (Y") from the respective proximal position toward the respective distal position; and - to the rotation of the other of said at least one opening position and at least one closing position toward said one of the latter, there corresponds the sliding of said one of said opposite ends (21") along the respective second or third axis (U') from the respective proximal position toward the respective distal position and the simultaneous sliding of said other of said opposite ends (22") along the respective second or third axis (Y") from the respective distal position toward the respective proximal position. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) respectively comprise at least one first and one second opening (13', 13") and at least one third and one fourth opening (14', 14"), said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (13", 14") being mutually fluidically connected by means of said fluidic connection line (15), said at least one first and at least one third opening (13', 14') defining said inlet ports. 4. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said hinge body (110) and said at least one pivot (200) rotate mutually so that: - to the rotation from one of said at least one opening position and at least one closing position toward the other of the latter, there corresponds the sliding of said at least one first stem (20') along said second axis (U') from said at least one first opening (13') toward said at least one second opening (13") and the corresponding sliding of said at least one second stem (20") along said third axis (Y")from said at least one fourth opening (14") toward said at least one third opening (14'); and - to the rotation of the other of said at least one opening position and at least one closing position toward said one of the latter, there corresponds the sliding of said at least one second stem (20") along said third axis (Y") from said at least one third opening (14') toward said at least one fourth opening (14") and the corresponding sliding of said at least one first stem (20') along said second axis (U') from said at least one second opening (13") toward said at least one first opening (13'). 5. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said at least first and second cam follower means (25', 25") are monolithic with said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") to define the respective opposite ends (22', 22") or they are removably coupled with the latter. 6. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, further comprising elastic counteracting means (30) acting on one of said first and second cam follower means (25") to push them against corresponding first or second cam means (210), the other of said first and second cam follower means (25') being without elastic counteracting means. 7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") comprises respective first and second elastic counteracting means (30) coaxially coupled therewith, said control means (1) having respective second abutment surfaces (16), an abutment element (31) being provided for fixed to said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") which includes said corresponding first or second cam means (215, 210) and respective first abutment surfaces (23), said first and second elastic counteracting means (30) being interposed between the respective first and second abutment surfaces (16, 23) to act on said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20"), said abutment element (31) having at least one passage (32) for the other of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20"). 8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein both said first and second cam follower means (25') are without elastic counteracting means. 9. Device according to claim 6, 7 or 8, wherein the distal position of the opposite end (22") of one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") corresponds to said at least one closing position of the closing element (P), upon opening the closing element (P) the mutual interaction between the corresponding first or second cam means (215, 210) and first or second cam follower means (25', 25") pushing the opposite end (22") of said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") from the distal position toward the proximal position. 10. Device according to claims 6 and 9 or 7 and 9, wherein the movement of said opposite end (22") of said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") from the distal position toward the proximal position loads said elastic counteracting means (30), the unloading of the latter promoting the closure of the closing element (P). 11. Device according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the sliding of the opposite end (22") of said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") from the distal position toward the proximal position promotes the reverse sliding of the opposite end (22') of said other of said at least one first and one second stem (20'), during said reverse sliding the other of said first or second cam means (215, 210) and said first or second cam follower means (25', 25") being preferably spaced apart. 12. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein upon closing the closing element (P), the interaction between said corresponding first or second cam means (215, 210) and first or second cam follower means (25', 25") promote the interaction between said other of the first or second cam means (215, 210) and the first or second cam follower means (25', 25"), the latter interaction promoting the sliding of the opposite end (22') of said other of said at least one first and one second stem (20') from the distal position to the proximal position and the corresponding reverse sliding of the opposite end (22") of said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") from the proximal position toward the distal position. 13. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said control means (1) consist of a control unit (1) having a main body (10) which internally includes said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12), said fluidic connection line (15), said at least one adjustment element (40) and said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") sealingly slidably inserted into the respective inlet port (13', 14') of said first and second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12), said control unit (1) being removably insertable into said at least one compartment (112). 14. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said hinge body (10) comprises a shell (111) into which said at least one pivot (200) and said control unit (1) can be inserted, the latter (200, 1) being insertable into the former (111) preferably removably. 15. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one adjustment element (40) includes at least one screw element (41) engaged in a nut screw (17) for widening / narrowing at least one passage section (15'") of said fluidic connection line (15), said at least one screw element (41) comprising a vacant end (4 ) which can be controlled from the external by a user and the opposite end (41") inserted into said fluidic connection line (15). 16. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said at least one screw element (41) further comprises: - at least one first passage opening (44") at said opposite end (41") placed in fluid communication with one of said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (13"); - at least one second passage opening (44') placed in fluid communication with the other of said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (14"); - an internal duct (45) extending between said at least one first and one second passage opening (44', 44") to place them in mutual fluid communication. 17. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said opposite end (41") is inserted into a portion of said duct (15), the latter (15'") and said opposite end (41") having a substantially frustoconical shape, said at least one passage section (15"') being defined by the interspace between said portion of said duct (15) and said opposite end (41"). 18. Device according to claim 16 or 17, wherein said element (40) for adjusting the flow of the working fluid further comprises at least one plug element (42)inserted into said at least one first passage opening (44") to selectively plug it, said at least one plug element (42) being preferably elastically forced through said at least one first passage opening (44"), said at least one plug element (42) being susceptible to open said at least one first passage opening (44") upon the sliding of said at least one first stem (20') from one (13') of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening toward the other (13") of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening to allow the fluid to flowthrough said internal duct (45) and plug it upon the reverse sliding to force the working fluid through said passage section (15'"). 19. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said plug element (42) includes enlarged end (42') designed to interact with said at least one first passage opening (44") and a stem (42") slidably inserted into said internal duct (45) of said at least one screw element (41) so that upon said sliding of said at least one first stem (20') from one (13') of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening toward the other (13") of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening, the working fluid controllably flows through the interspace between said internal duct (45) and said stem (42") of said plug element (42). 20. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said second and third axis (U', Y") define a plane (p), said first axis (X) being substantially parallel to said plane (p), said at least first and second cam means (215, 210) and said first and second cam follower means (25', 25") being mutually superimposed and in mutual contact. 21. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said second cam means (210) include a compartment with a planar surface (211) substantially perpendicular and parallel to said first axis (X) respectively in said closing and opening positions of said closing element (P), said cam follower means (25") including a flat face (260) substantially parallel to and in contact with said planar surface (211) in said closing position of said closing element (P) and substantially perpendicular to and in contact with said planar surface (211) in said opening position of said closing element (P). 22. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said first cam means (215) include a compartment with at least one flat wall (216) substantially perpendicular to said planar surface (211), said first cam follower means (25") including a flat face (26') substantially parallel to and in contact with said flat wall (216) in said opening position of said closing element (P) and substantially perpendicular to and spaced from said flat wall (216) in said closing position of said closing element (P). 23. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said first cam means(215) include a pair of flat and substantially parallel walls (216) between which there is arranged an end portion (217) with a contact area (217') designed to come into contact with said first cam follower means (25') in said closing position of said closing element (P), said contact area (217') being substantially perpendicular to said flat walls (216), said first cam means (215) and said cam follower means(25") being configured so that when closing said closing element (P) when said flat face (26') and said contact area (217') are in contact, the latter tilts uncontrollably with respect to the former around the point of first contact between them, so that the closing element (P) snaps toward the closing position. 24. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said contact area (217') is adjacent to at least one first tapered flat surface (217", 217'"), said flat face (26') being adjacent to at least one second tapered flat surface (26", 26'"), when closing said closing element (P) said flat face (26') being firstly in contact with said at least one first tapered flat surface (217", 217'") and then with said contact area (217'), the latter tilting with respect to said flat face (26') when the latter loses contact with said first tapered flat surface (217", 217'"). 25. Device according to one or more of claims 20 to 24, wherein said hinge body (110) has a pair of sliding guides (125', 125") wherein said first and second cam follower means (25', 25") can be slidably inserted. 26. Device according to one or more of claims 20 to 25, further comprising a fixing plate (140) which can be fixed to said hinge body (110), support means passing through said fixing plate (140) and said hinge body (110) being further provided for so that the latter (110) discharges the weight of the closing element (P) onto the former (140). 27. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 19, wherein said second and third axis (U', Y") define a plane (p), said first axis (X) being substantially perpendicularto said plane (p), said at least first and second cam means (215, 210) and said first and second cam follower means (25', 25") lying on a plane substantially parallel to or coincident with said plane (p). 28. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said at least first and second cam means (215, 210) extend peripheral from said first axis (X) to come into contact with respective first and second contact surfaces (211, 217) of said first and second cam follower means (25', 25"). 29. Device according to the preceding claim, further comprising elastic counteracting means (30), said first and second cam means (215, 210) having respective first and second contact surfaces (26', 260) designed to come into contact with corresponding first and second contact surfaces (217, 211) of said first and second cam means (25', 25"), said first contact surface (26') of said first cam means (215) being substantially flat, parallel and in contact with said first contact surface (217) of said first cam follower means (25') in the closing position of the closing element (P) and being substantially perpendicular to and spaced from the first contact surface (217) of said first cam means (25') in the opening position of the closing element (P), said first cam means (215) and said first cam follower means (25") being configured so that when closing said closing element (P) when said first contact surfaces (26', 217) are in contact, said first cam means (210) tilt uncontrollably with respect to the first cam follower means (25') around the contact point, so that the closing element (P) snaps toward the closing position. 30. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said first contact surface (26') of said first cam means (215) is adjacent to at least one first substantially curved surface (26"), when closing said closing element (P) said first contact surface (217) of said first cam follower means (25') firstly coming into contact with said at least one first substantially curved surface (26") and then with said first contact surface (26'), the latter tilting when said first contact surface (217) of said first cam follower means (25') loses contact with said first substantially curved surface (26"). 31. A unit for controlling the flow of a working fluid, comprising: - a main body (10) which includes at least one first and one second working chamber (11, 12), said at least one first and one second working chamber (11, 12) respectively comprising at least one first and one second opening (13', 13") and at least one third and one fourth opening (14', 14"); - at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") sealingly slidably inserted respectively through said at least one first and at least one third opening (13', 14'); wherein said main body (10) comprises a line (15) for the fluidic connection of said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (13", 14"), so that the sliding of said at least one first stem (20') from said at least one first opening (13') toward said at least one second opening (13") corresponds to the sliding of said at least one second stem (20") from said at least one fourth opening (14") toward said at least one third opening (14') and vice versa; wherein said fluidic connection line (15) comprises at least one element (40) for adjusting the flow of the working fluid from said at least one first and one second working chamber (11, 12), said at least one adjustment element (40) comprising at least one portion (41") inserted into said fluidic connection line (15) to interact with at least one passage section (15'; 15"; 15'") thereof. 32. Unit according to claim 31, wherein said at least one element (40) for adjusting the flow of the working fluid is a shutter element movable between a first and a second passage section (15', 15") of said fluidic connection line (15), said shutter element (40), first and second passage section (15', 15") being mutually sized so that when the shutter element (40) is engaged with one of said first and second passage section (15"), the flow of the working fluid is greater than when shutter element is engaged with the other of said first and second passage section (15'). 33. Unit according to the preceding claim, wherein said shutter element (40) is a pin having a first diameter (D40), said first and second passage section (15', 15") respectively having a second and a third diameter (D15', D15"), said second diameter (D15') being slightly larger than said first diameter (D40), said third diameter(D15") being larger than said second diameter (D15'),so that the flow of the working fluid flowing through the interspace between said pin (40) and said second passage section (15") is higher than the one flowing through the interspace between said pin (40) and said first passage section (15'). 34. Unit according to claim 31, wherein said at least one element (40) for adjusting the flow of the working fluid comprises at least one screw element (41) engaged in a nut screw (17) for widening / narrowing said at least one passage section (15"') of said fluidic line. 35. Unit according to the preceding claim, wherein said at least one screw element (41) comprises a vacant end (4 ) which can be controlled from the external by a user and the opposite end (41") inserted into said fluidic line (15), said at least one screw element (41) further comprising: - at least one first passage opening (44") at said opposite end (41") placed in fluid communication with one of said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (13"); - at least one second passage opening (44') placed in fluid communication with the other of said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (14"); - an internal duct (45) extending between said at least one first and one second passage opening (44', 44") to place them in mutual fluid communication. 36. Unit according to the preceding claim, wherein said opposite end (41") is inserted into a portion of said duct (15), the latter (15'") and said opposite end (41") having a substantially frustoconical shape, said at least one passage section (15'") being defined by the interspace between said portion of said duct (15) and said opposite end (41"). 37. Unit according to claim 35 or 36, wherein said element (40) for adjusting the flow of the working fluid further comprises at least one plug element (42)inserted into said at least one first passage opening (44") to selectively plug it, said at least one plug element (42) being preferably elastically forced through said at least one first passage opening (44"), said at least one plug element (42) being susceptible to open said at least one first passage opening (44") upon the sliding of said at least one first stem (20') from one (13') of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening toward the other (13") of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening to allow the fluid to flow through said internal duct (45) and plug it upon the reverse sliding to force the working fluid through said passage section (15'"). 38. Unit according to the preceding claim, wherein said plug element (42) includes enlarged end (42') designed to interact with said at least one first passage opening (44") and a stem (42") slidably inserted into said internal duct (45) of said at least one screw element (41) so that upon said sliding of said at least one first stem (20') from one (13') of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening toward the other (13") of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening, the working fluid controllably flows through the interspace between said internal duct (45) and said stem (42") of said plug element (42). 39. Unit according to one or more of claims 31 to 38, further comprising an overpressure valve element (50) lying in a duct (18) fluidically connected with said fluidic connection line (15), said overpressure valve element (50) being susceptible to exclusively open when the pressure inside said fluidic connection line (15) exceeds a predetermined threshold value. 40. Unit according to one or more of claims 31 to 39, wherein said at least one first and one second working chamber (11, 12) respectively define a first and a second axis (U', Y"), said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") sliding respectively along said first and second axis (U', Y"), the latter preferably being substantially parallel to each other, said at least one first and one second opening (13', 13") being preferably arranged along said first axis (U'), said at least one third and one fourth opening (14', 14") being preferably arranged along said second axis (Y"). 41. A hinge device (100) for moving and/or controlling a closing element between at least one opening position and at least one closing position, comprising at least one control unit (1) according to one or more of claims 31 to 40, said at least one control unit (1) being preferably removably insertable into said hinge device (100). 42. A unit for controlling the flow of a working fluid, comprising: - a main body (10) which includes at least one first and one second working chamber (11, 12); - a line (15) for the fluidic connection of said at least one first and one second working chamber (11, 12), the latter and said line (15) including a working fluid; - at least one element (40) for adjusting the flow of the working fluid in said fluidic connection line (15); wherein said adjustment element (40) comprises a vacant end (4 ) which can be controlled from the external by an operator and the opposite end (41") inserted into said fluidic connection line (15) for widening / narrowing at least one passage section (15'") thereof, said adjustment element (40) further comprising: - at least one first passage opening (44") at said opposite end (41") placed in fluid communication with one of said at least one first and at least one second working chamber (11); - at least one second passage opening (44') placed in fluid communication with the other of said at least one first and one second working chamber (12); - an internal duct (45) extending between said at least one first and one second passage opening (44', 44") to place them in mutual fluid communication. 43. Unit according to claim 42, wherein said opposite end (41") is inserted into a portion of said line (15), the latter and said opposite end (41") having a substantially frustoconical shape, said at least one passage section (15'") being defined by the interspace between said portion of said line (15) and said opposite end (41"). 44. Unit according to claim 42 or 43, wherein said at least one element (40) for adjusting the flow of the working fluid further comprises at least one plug element (42) inserted into said at least one first passage opening (44") to selectively plug it, said at least one plug element (42) being preferably elastically forced through said at least one first passage opening (44"). 45. Unit according to the preceding claim, wherein said at least one plug element (42) is configured to open said at least one first passage opening (44") when the working fluid flows from one of said at least one first and one second working chamber (11) toward the other of said at least one first and one second working chamber (12) to allow the fluid to flow through said internal duct (45) and plug upon the reverse sliding to force the working fluid through said passage section (15"'). 46. Unit according to the preceding claim, wherein said plug element (42) includes an enlarged end (42') designed to interact with said at least one first passage opening (44") and a stem (42") slidably inserted into said internal duct (45) so that when said working fluid flows from one of said at least one first and one second working chamber (11) toward the other of said at least one first and one second working chamber (12), the working fluid controllably flows through the interspace between said internal duct (45) and said stem (42") of said plug element (42). 47. Unit according to one or more of claims 42 to 46, wherein said at least one adjustment element (40) is inserted into a seat (15) passes through said main body (10), said seat (15) comprising screw or nut screw means (17), said adjustment element (40) comprising corresponding nut screw or screw means engaged in the latter. 48. Unit according to one or more of claims 42 to 47, further comprising an overpressure valve element (50) lying on a duct (18) fluidically connected with said fluidic connection line (15). 49. Unit according to the preceding claim, wherein said overpressure valve element (50) is susceptible to exclusively open when the pressure inside said fluidic connection line (15) exceeds a predetermined threshold value. 50.A hinge device (100) for moving and/or controlling a closing element between at least one opening position and at least one closing position, comprising at least one control unit according to one or more of claims 42 to 49. 51. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said at least one control unit (1) can be removably inserted into said hinge device (100). 52. A hydraulic hinge device for the controlled rotary movement of a closing element (P), in particular a door, a door leaf or the like, which can be anchored to a stationary support structure (S), in particular to a frame or a floor, the hydraulic hinge device comprising: - a shell (111) which can be integrally anchored to one of the closing element (P) and the stationary support structure (S); - at least one pivot (200) which can be integrally anchored to the other of the closing element (P) and the stationary support structure (S), said at least one pivot (200) defining a first axis (X), said shell (111) and said at least one pivot (200) being mutually rotatably coupled to rotate one with respect to the other around an axis substantially parallel to or coincident with said first axis (X) between at least one opening position and at least one closing position of the closing element (P); - means (1) for controlling the flow of a working fluid comprising: - at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) comprising said working fluid, said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) being mutually fluidically connected and comprising at least one respective inlet port (13', 14'); - at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") sealingly slidably inserted into the respective inlet port (13', 14') to slide along a respective second and third axis (U', Y"), each of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") comprising a respective end (2 , 22') inside the respective at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) and a respective opposite end (21", 22") external thereto slidable along the respective second and third axes (U', Y") between respective positions distal from and proximal to the respective inlet ports (13', 14'); wherein said shell (111) internally includes at least one compartment (112) comprising said at least one pivot (200) and said control means (1), said at least one compartment (112) comprising a hydraulic portion (10) which includes said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) and a dry portion (113) which includes said at least one pivot (200) and the opposite ends (21", 22") of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20"); wherein said at least one pivot (200) comprises at least first and second cam means (215, 210) susceptible to dry interact selectively and alternately with corresponding at least first and second cam follower means (25', 25") integrally coupled respectively with said opposite ends (21", 22") of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20"); so that to the mutual rotation of said shell (111) and said at least one pivot (200) around said axis substantially parallel to or coincident with said first axis (X) between said at least one opening position and at least one closing position of the closing element (P) there corresponds the sliding of one of said opposite ends (21") along the respective second or third axis (U') from the respective distal position toward the respective proximal position and the simultaneous sliding of the other of said opposite ends (22") along the respective second or third axis (Y") from the respective proximal position toward the respective distal position and vice versa. 53. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said shell (111) and said at least one pivot (200) rotate mutually so that: - to the rotation from one of said at least one opening position and at least one closing position toward the other of the latter, there corresponds the sliding of one of said opposite ends (21") along the respective second or third axis (U') from the respective distal position toward the respective proximal position and the simultaneous sliding of the other of said opposite ends (22") along the respective second or third axis (Y") from the respective proximal position toward the respective distal position; and - to the rotation of the other of said at least one opening position and at least one closing position toward said one of the latter, there corresponds the sliding of said one of said opposite ends (21") along the respective second or third axis (U') from the respective proximal position toward the respective distal position and the simultaneous sliding of said other of said opposite ends (22") along the respective second or third axis (Y") from the respective distal position toward the respective proximal position. 54. Device according to claim 52 or 53, wherein said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) respectively comprise at least one first and one second opening (13', 13") and at least one third and one fourth opening (14', 14"), said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (13", 14") being mutually fluidically connected, said at least one first and at least one third opening (13', 14') defining said inlet ports. 55. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said shell (111) and said at least one pivot (200) rotate mutually so that: - to the rotation from one of said at least one opening position and at least one closing position toward the other of the latter, there corresponds the sliding of said at least one first stem (20') along said second axis (U') from said at least one first opening (13') toward said at least one second opening (13") and the corresponding sliding of said at least one second stem (20") along said third axis (Y")from said at least one fourth opening (14") toward said at least one third opening (14'); and - to the rotation of the other of said at least one opening position and at least one closing position toward said one of the latter, there corresponds the sliding of said at least one second stem (20") along said third axis (Y") from said at least one third opening (14') toward said at least one fourth opening (14") and the corresponding sliding of said at least one first stem (20') along said second axis (U') from said at least one second opening (13") toward said at least one first opening (13'). 56. Device according to one or more of claims 52 to 55, wherein said at least first and second cam follower means (25', 25") are monolithic with said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") to define the respective opposite ends (22', 22") or they are removably coupled with the latter. 57. Device according to one or more of claims 52 to 56, further comprising elastic counteracting means (30) acting on one of said first and second cam follower means (25") to push them against corresponding first or second cam means (210), the other of said first and second cam follower means (25') being without elastic counteracting means. 58. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the distal position of the opposite end (22") of one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") corresponds to said at least one closing position of the closing element (P), upon opening the closing element (P) the mutual interaction between the corresponding first or second cam means (215, 210) and first or second cam follower means (25', 25") pushing the opposite end (22") of said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") from the distal position toward the proximal position, loading said elastic counteracting means (30), the unloading of the latter promoting the closure of the closing element (P). 59. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the sliding of the opposite end (22") of said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") from the distal position toward the proximal position promotes the reverse sliding of the opposite end (22') of said other of said at least one first and one second stem (20'), during said reverse sliding the other of said first or second cam means (215,210) and said first or second cam follower means (25',25") being preferably spaced apart. 60. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein upon closing the closing element (P), the interaction between said corresponding first or second cam means (215,210) and first or second cam follower means (25',25") promote the interaction between said other of the first or second cam means (215,210) and the first or second cam follower means(25',25"), the latter interaction promoting the sliding of the opposite end (22') of said other of said at least one first and one second stem (20') from the distal position to the proximal position and the corresponding reverse sliding of the opposite end (22") of said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") from the proximal position toward the distal position. 61. Device according to claims 58, 59 or 60, wherein each of said at least one first and one second stem (20',20") comprises respective first and second elastic counteracting means (30) coaxially coupled therewith, said main body(10) having respective second abutment surfaces (16), an abutment element (31) being provided for fixed to said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") which includes said corresponding first or second cam means (215,210) and respective first abutment surfaces (23), said first and second elastic counteracting means (30) being interposed between the respective first and second abutment surfaces (16,23) to act on said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20',20"), said abutment element (31) having at least one passage (32) for the other of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20"). 62. Device according to one or more of claims 58 to 61, wherein said elastic counteracting means (30) act on said second cam follower means (25") to push them against the second cam means (210), said first cam follower means (25") including a flat face (26'), said first cam means (215) including a contact area (217') substantially parallel to and in contact with said flat face (26') in the closing position of the closing element (P) and transversal to and spaced from said flat face (26') in the opening position of the closing element (P), said first cam means (215) and first cam follower means (25") are configured so that when closing said closing element (P) when said flat face (26') and said contact area (217') come into contact with the latter, it tilts uncontrollably with respect to the former around the contact point, so that the closing element (P) snaps toward the closing position. 63. A hydraulic hinge device for the controlled rotary movement of a closing element (P), in particular a door, a door leaf or the like, which can be anchored to a stationary support structure (S), in particular to a frame or a floor, the hydraulic hinge device comprising: - a shell (111) which can be integrally anchored to one of the closing element (P) and the stationary support structure (S); - at least one pivot (200) which can be integrally anchored to the other of the closing element (P) and the stationary support structure (S), said at least one pivot (200) defining a first axis (X), said shell (111) and said at least one pivot (200) being mutually rotatably coupled to rotate one with respect to the other around an axis substantially parallel to or coincident with said first axis (X) between at least one opening position and at least one closing position of the closing element (P); - a unit (1) for controlling the flow of a working fluid comprising: - a main body (10) which internally includes at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) which include said working fluid, said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) being mutually fluidically connected and comprising at least one respective inlet port (13', 14'); - at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") sealingly slidably inserted into the respective inlet port (13', 14') to slide along a respective second and third axis (U', Y"), each of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") comprising a respective end (21', 22') inside the respective at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) and a respective opposite end (21", 22") external thereto slidable along the respective second and third axes (U', Y") between respective positions distal from and proximal to the respective inlet ports (13', 14'); wherein said shell (111) internally includes at least one compartment (112) for housing said at least one pivot (200) and said control unit (1), said at least one pivot (200) comprising at least first and second cam means (215, 210) susceptible to dry interact selectively and alternately with corresponding at least first and second cam follower means (25', 25") integrally coupled respectively with said opposite ends (21", 22") of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20"); wherein said control unit (1) can be removably inserted into said at least one compartment (112). 64. Device according to claim 63, wherein to the mutual rotation of said shell (111) and said at least one pivot (200) around said axis substantially parallel to or coincident with said first axis (X) between said at least one opening position and at least one closing position of the closing element (P) there corresponds the sliding of one of said opposite ends (21") along the respective second or third axis (U') from the respective distal position toward the respective proximal position and the simultaneous sliding of the other of said opposite ends (22") along the respective second or third axis (Y") from the respective proximal position toward the respective distal position and vice versa. 65. Device according to claim 63 or 64, wherein said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) respectively comprise at least one first and one second opening (13', 13") and at least one third and one fourth opening (14', 14"), said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (13", 14") being mutually fluidically connected, said at least one first and at least one third opening (13', 14') defining said inlet ports. 66. Device according to one or more of claims 63 to 65, further comprising elastic counteracting means (30) acting on one of said first and second cam follower means (25") to push them against corresponding first or second cam means (210), the other of said first and second cam follower means (25') being without elastic counteracting means. 67. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the distal position of the opposite end (22") of one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") corresponds to said at least one closing position of the closing element (P), upon opening the closing element (P) the mutual interaction between the corresponding first or second cam means (215, 210) and first or second cam follower means (25', 25") pushing the opposite end (22") of said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") from the distal position toward the proximal position, loading said elastic counteracting means (30), the unloading of the latter promoting the closure of the closing element (P). 68. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the sliding of the opposite end (22") of said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") from the distal position toward the proximal position promotes the reverse sliding of the opposite end (22') of said other of said at least one first and one second stem (20'), during said reverse sliding the other of said first or second cam means (215, 210) and said first or second cam follower means (25', 25") being preferably spaced apart; wherein upon closing the closing element (P), the interaction between said corresponding first or second cam means (215, 210) and first or second cam follower means (25', 25") promote the interaction between said other of the first or second cam means (215, 210) and the first or second cam follower means (25', 25"), the latter interaction promoting the sliding of the opposite end (22') of said other of said at least one first and one second stem (20') from the distal position to the proximal position and the corresponding reverse sliding of the opposite end (22") of said one of said at least one first and one second stem (20") from the proximal position toward the distal position. 69. Device according to one or more of claims 63 to 68, wherein said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) are fluidically connected to each other by means of a fluidic connection line (15), said control unit (l)further comprising at least one adjustment element (40) which includes at least one screw element (41) engaged in a nut screw(17) for widening / narrowing at least one passage section (15'") of said fluidic line, said at least one screw element (41) comprising a vacant end (41') which can be controlled from the external by a user and the opposite end (41") inserted into said fluidic line (15), said at least one screw element (41) further comprising: - at least one first passage opening (44") at said opposite end (41") placed in fluid communication with one of said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (13"); - at least one second passage opening (44') placed in fluid communication with the other of said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (14"); - an internal duct (45) extending between said at least one first and one second passage opening (44', 44") to place them in mutual fluid communication. 70. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said opposite end (41") is inserted into a portion of said duct (15), the latter (15"') and said opposite end (41") having a substantially frustoconical shape, said at least one passage section (15'") being defined by the interspace between said portion of said duct (15) and said opposite end (41"). 71. Device according to claim 69 or 70, wherein said element (40) for adjusting the flow of the working fluid further comprises at least one plug element (42)inserted into said at least one first passage opening (44") to selectively plug it, said at least one plug element (42) being preferably elastically forced through said at least one first passage opening (44"), said at least one plug element (42) being susceptible to open said at least one first passage opening (44") upon the sliding of said at least one first stem (20') from one (13') of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening toward the other (13") of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening to allow the fluid to flowthrough said internal duct (45) and plug it upon the reverse sliding to force the working fluid through said passage section (15'"). 72. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said plug element (42) includes enlarged end (42') designed to interact with said at least one first passage opening (44") and a stem (42") slidably inserted into said internal duct (45) of said at least one screw element (41) so that upon said sliding of said at least one first stem (20') from one (13') of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening toward the other (13") of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening, the working fluid controllably flows through the interspace between said internal duct (45) and said stem (42") of said plug element (42). 73. A hydraulic hinge device for the controlled rotary movement of a closing element (P), in particular a door, a door leaf or the like, which can be anchored to a stationary support structure (S), in particular to a frame or a floor, the hydraulic hinge device comprising: - a shell (111) which can be integrally anchored to one of the closing element (P) and the stationary support structure (S); - at least one pivot (200) which can be integrally anchored to the other of the closing element (P) and the stationary support structure (S), said at least one pivot (200) defining a first axis (X), said shell (111) and said at least one pivot (200) being mutually rotatably coupled to rotate one with respect to the other around an axis substantially parallel to or coincident with said first axis (X) between at least one opening position and at least one closing position of the closing element (P); - a unit (1) for controlling the flow of a working fluid comprising: - a main body (10) which internally includes at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) which include said working fluid, said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) being mutually fluidically connected and comprising at least one respective inlet port (13', 14'); - at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") sealingly slidably inserted into the respective inlet port (13', 14') to slide along a respective second and third axis (U', Y"), each of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") comprising a respective end (2 , 22') inside the respective at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) and a respective opposite end (21", 22") external thereto slidable along the respective second and third axes (U', Y") between respective positions distal from and proximal to the respective inlet ports (13', 14'); wherein said shell (111) internally includes at least one compartment (112) for housing said at least one pivot (200) and said control unit (1), said at least one pivot (200) comprising at least first and second cam means (215, 210) susceptible to dry interact selectively and alternately with corresponding at least first and second cam follower means (25', 25") integrally coupled respectively with said opposite ends (21", 22") of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20"); wherein said second and third axis (U', Y") define a plane (p), said first axis (X) being substantially parallel to said plane (p), said at least first and second cam means (215, 210) and said first and second cam follower means (25', 25") being mutually superimposed and in mutual contact. 74. Device according to claim 73, wherein said control unit (1) can be removably inserted into said at least one compartment (112). 75. Device according to claim 73 or 74, wherein said second cam means (210) include a compartment with a planar surface (211) substantially perpendicular and parallel to said first axis (X) respectively in said closing and opening positions of said closing element (P), said cam follower means (25") including a flat face (260) substantially parallel to and in contact with said planar surface (211) in said closing position of said closing element (P) and substantially perpendicular to and in contact with said planar surface (211) in said opening position of said closing element (P). 76. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said first cam means (215) include a compartment with at least one flat wall (216) substantially perpendicular to said planar surface (211), said first cam follower means (25") including a flat face (26') substantially parallel to and in contact with said flat wall (216) in said opening position of said closing element (P) and substantially perpendicular to and spaced from said flat wall (216) in said closing position of said closing element (P). 77. Device according to the preceding claim, further comprising elastic counteracting means (30) acting on said second cam follower means (25") to push them against the corresponding second cam means (210), said first cam follower means (25') sliding along said second axis (U') without elastic counteracting means. 78. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the distal position of the opposite end (22") of said second stem (20") corresponds to said at least one closing position of the closing element (P), upon opening the closing element (P) the mutual interaction between the corresponding second cam means (210) and second cam follower means (25") pushing the opposite end (22") of said second stem (20") from the distal position toward the proximal position, loading said elastic counteracting means (30) and promoting the reverse sliding of the opposite end (22') of said stem (20'). 79. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein upon closing the closing element (P), the interaction between said second cam means (210) and second cam follower means (25") promoted by said elastic counteracting means (30) causes the interaction between the first cam means (215) and the first cam follower means (25'), the latter interaction promoting the sliding of the opposite end (22') of said first stem (20') from the distal position to the proximal position and the corresponding reverse sliding of the opposite end (22") of said second stem (20") from the proximal position toward the distal position. 80. Device according to claim 77, 78 or 79, wherein said first cam means(215) include a pair of flat and substantially parallel walls (216) between which there is arranged an end portion (217) with a contact area (217') designed to come into contact with said first cam follower means (25') in said closing position of said closing element (P), said contact area (217') being substantially perpendicular to said flat walls (216), said first cam means (215) and said cam follower means(25") being configured so that when closing said closing element (P) when said flat face (26') and said contact area (217') are in contact, the latter tilts uncontrollably with respect to the former around the point of first contact between them, so that the closing element (P) snaps toward the closing position. 81. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said contact area (217') is adjacent to at least one first tapered flat surface (217", 217'"), said flat face (26') being adjacent to at least one second tapered flat surface (26", 26'"), when closing said closing element (P) said flat face (26') being firstly in contact with said at least one first tapered flat surface (217", 217'") and then with said contact area (217'), the latter tilting with respect to said flat face (26') when the latter loses contact with said first tapered flat surface (217", 217'"). 82. Device according to one or more of claims 73 to 81, wherein said shell (111) has a pair of sliding guides (125', 125") wherein said first and second cam follower means (25', 25") can be slidably inserted. 83. Device according to one or more of claims 73 to 82, wherein said control unit (1) can be fixed to said shell (111) using releasable fixing means, the latter preferably including a pair of screws (130) passing through the main body (10). 84.A hydraulic hinge device for the controlled rotary movement of a closing element (P), in particular a door, a door leaf or the like, which can be anchored to a stationary support structure (S), in particular to a frame or a floor, the hydraulic hinge device comprising: - a shell (111) which can be integrally anchored to one of the closing element (P) and the stationary support structure (S); - at least one pivot (200) which can be integrally anchored to the other of the closing element (P) and the stationary support structure (S), said at least one pivot (200) defining a first axis (X), said shell (111) and said at least one pivot (200) being mutually rotatably coupled to rotate one with respect to the other around an axis substantially parallel to or coincident with said first axis (X) between at least one opening position and at least one closing position of the closing element (P); - a unit (1) for controlling the flow of a working fluid comprising: - a main body (10) which internally includes at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) which include said working fluid, said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) being mutually fluidically connected and comprising at least one respective inlet port (13',14'); - at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") sealingly slidably inserted into the respective inlet port (13',14') to slide along a respective second and third axis (U',Y"), each of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20") comprising a respective end (2 , 22') inside the respective at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) and a respective opposite end (21", 22") external thereto slidable along the respective second and third axes (U',Y") between respective positions distal from and proximal to the respective inlet ports (13',14'); wherein said shell (111) internally includes at least one compartment (112) for housing said at least one pivot (200) and said control unit (1), said at least one pivot (200) comprising at least first and second cam means(215,210) susceptible to dry interact selectively and alternately with corresponding at least first and second cam follower means (25',25") integrally coupled respectively with said opposite ends (21", 22") of said at least one first and one second stem (20', 20"); wherein said second and third axis (U',Y") define a plane (p), said first axis (X) being substantially perpendicular to said plane(p), said at least first and second cam means(215,210) and said first and second cam follower means (25',25") lying on a plane substantially parallel to or coincident with said plane (p). 85. Device according to claim 84, wherein said control unit (1) can be removably inserted into said at least one compartment (112). 86. Device according to claim 84 or 85, wherein said at least first and second cam means (215,210) extend peripheral from said first axis (X) to come into contact with respective first and second contact surfaces (211,217) of said first and second cam follower means (25',25"). 87. Device according to the preceding claim, further comprising elastic counteracting means (30) acting on said second cam follower means(25") to push them against the corresponding second cam means (210), said first cam follower means (25') sliding along said second axis (U') without elastic counteracting means. 88. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the distal position of the opposite end (22") of said second stem (20") corresponds to said at least one closing position of the closing element (P), upon opening the closing element (P) the mutual interaction between the corresponding second cam means (210) and second cam follower means (25") pushing the opposite end (22") of said second stem (20") from the distal position toward the proximal position, loading said elastic counteracting means (30) and promoting the reverse sliding of the opposite end (22') of said stem (20'). 89. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein upon closing the closing element (P), the interaction between said second cam means (210) and second cam follower means (25") promoted by said elastic counteracting means (30) causes the interaction between the first cam means (215) and the first cam follower means (25'), the latter interaction promoting the sliding of the opposite end (22') of said first stem (20') from the distal position to the proximal position and the corresponding reverse sliding of the opposite end (22") of said second stem (20") from the proximal position toward the distal position. 90. Device according to claim 87, 88 or 89, wherein said first and second cam means (215, 210), have respective first and second contact surfaces (26', 260) designed to come into contact with corresponding first and second contact surfaces (217, 211) of said first and second cam means (25', 25"), said first contact surface (26') of said first cam means (215) being substantially flat, parallel and in contact with said first contact surface (217) of said first cam follower means (25') in the closing position of the closing element (P) and being substantially perpendicular to and spaced from the first contact surface (217) of said first cam means (25') in the opening position of the closing element (P), said first cam means (215) and said first cam follower means (25") being configured so that when closing said closing element (P) when said first contact surfaces (26', 217) are in contact, said first cam means (210) tilt uncontrollably with respect to the first cam follower means (25') around the contact point, so that the closing element (P) snaps toward the closing position. 91. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said first contact surface (26') of said first cam means (215) is adjacent to at least one first substantially curved surface (26"), when closing said closing element (P) said first contact surface (217) of said first cam follower means (25') firstly coming into contact with said at least one first substantially curved surface (26") and then with said first contact surface (26'), the latter tilting when said first contact surface (217) of said first cam follower means (25') loses contact with said first substantially curved surface (26"). 92. Device according to one or more of claims 84 to 91, wherein said at least one first and one second hydraulic working chamber (11, 12) are fluidically connected to each other by means of a fluidic connection line (15), said control unit (l)further comprising at least one adjustment element (40) which includes at least one screw element (41) engaged in a nut screw(17) for widening / narrowing at least one passage section (15'") of said fluidic line, said at least one screw element (41) comprising a vacant end (4 ) which can be controlled from the external by a user and the opposite end (41") inserted into said fluidic line (15), said at least one screw element (41) further comprising: - at least one first passage opening (44") at said opposite end (41") placed in fluid communication with one of said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (13"); - at least one second passage opening (44') placed in fluid communication with the other of said at least one second and at least one fourth opening (14"); - an internal duct (45) extending between said at least one first and one second passage opening (44', 44") to place them in mutual fluid communication. 93. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein said at least one element (40) for adjusting the flow of the working fluid further comprises at least one plug element (42) inserted into said at least one first passage opening (44") to selectively plug it, said at least one plug element (42) being preferably elastically forced through said at least one first passage opening (44"), said at least one plug element (42) being susceptible to open said at least one first passage opening (44") upon the sliding of said at least one first stem (20') from one (13') of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening toward the other (13") of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening to allow the fluid to flow through said internal duct (45) and plug it upon the reverse sliding to force the working fluid through said passage opening (15'"), said plug element (42) including an enlarged end (42') designed to interact with said at least one first passage opening (44") and a stem (42") slidably inserted into said internal duct (45) of said at least one screw element (41) so that upon the sliding of said at least one first stem (20') from one (13') of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening toward the other (13") of said at least one first opening and at least one second opening, the working fluid controllably flows through the interspace between said internal duct (45) and said stem (42") of said plug element (42). |
DESCRIPTION
Technical field
The present invention generally relates to the technical field of mechanics, and it particularly relates to a hinge device for the controlled rotary movement of a door, a door leaf or the like.
State of the Art
Hinges for the rotatable movement of a door, door leaf or the like which generally comprise a hinge body and a pivot rotatably connected to each other to mutually rotate between a door open position and a door closed position, are known.
The known hinges can be improved, in particular as regards costs, ease of construction and functionality.
In particular, hinges of the state of the art have the drawback lying in the fact that in the event of a gust of wind acting on the door, the latter can impact against possible obstacles, ending up damaged or broken.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to at least partly overcome the drawbacks illustrated above by providing hydraulic hinge device that is highly functional and cost-effective.
Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic hinge device that ensures control of the closing element both to open and to close.
Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic hinge device that is highly durable over time.
Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic hinge device that is simple to manufacture.
Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic hinge device that is small in size.
Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic hinge device that has a minimum number of components.
Another object of the invention is to provide a safe hydraulic hinge device.
Another object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic hinge device that is easy to install.
These and other objects which will be more apparent hereinafter, are attained by a hydraulic hinge device as described, illustrated and/or claimed herein.
The dependent claims define advantageous embodiments of the invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will be more apparent in light of the detailed description of a preferred but non-exclusive embodiment of the invention, illustrated by way of non-limiting example with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:
FIGS. 1 and 2 are axonometric schematic views - respectively assembled and exploded - of a first embodiment of a control unit 1;
FIGS. 3A and 4A are axial cross-sectional views of the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 1 and 2 respectively during the opening and closing of the closing element P, with FIGS. 3B, 3C and 4B showing some enlarged details;
FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C are axonometric schematic views - respectively exploded, partially assembled without shell 111 and assembled - of a first embodiment of a hydraulic hinge device 100 which includes the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 6 is an exploded axonometric schematic view of another embodiment of a hydraulic hinge device 100 which includes the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 1 and 2, without spring;
FIGS. 7 and 8 are axial cross-sectional views of the embodiment of the hinge device 100 of FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C, respectively, in the open and closed position of the closing element P;
FIGS. 9A, 9B and 9C are schematic views of an embodiment of a pivot 200 with opening in the anticlockwise direction (left) suitable for the embodiment of the hinge device 100 of FIGS. 5 and 6;
FIGS. 10A, 10B and IOC are schematic views of another embodiment of a pivot 200 with opening in the clockwise direction (right) suitable for the embodiment of the hinge device 100 of FIGS. 5 and 6;
FIGS. 11 and 12 are axonometric schematic views - respectively exploded and assembled - of a second embodiment of a control unit 1;
FIGS. 13A and 14A are axial cross-sectional views of the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 11 and 12 respectively during closing and opening the closing element P, with FIGS. 13B and 14B showing some enlarged details;
FIGS. 15 and 16 are axonometric schematic views - respectively exploded and assembled - of a second embodiment of a hydraulic hinge device 100 which includes the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. H and 12;
FIG. 17 is a top view of the embodiment of the hinge device 100 of FIGS. 15 and 16 in the closed position of closing element P, with FIGS. 18A, 18B and 18C showing cross-sectional views taken respectively along the planes XVIII A -XVIII A, XVIII B -XVIII B and XVIII C-XVIII C
FIG. 19 is a top view of the embodiment of the hinge device 100 of FIGS. 15 and 16 in the 90° open position of the closing element P, with FIGS. 20A, 20B and 20C showing cross-sectional views taken respectively along the planes XX A - XX A, XX B - XX B and XX C - XX C and FIG. 20D showing some enlarged details;
FIGS. 21 and 22 are partially exploded views - respectively axonometric and radial cross-sectional - of the embodiment of the hinge device 100 of FIGS. 15 and 16;
FIG. 23 is an exploded axonometric schematic view of a further embodiment of a hydraulic hinge device 100 which includes the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 11 and 12, without spring;
FIGS. 24, 25 and 26 are axonometric schematic views of an embodiment of the cam follower element 25', that of 25" and of the pivot 200 of the embodiment of the hinge device 100 of FIGS. 15 and 16;
FIG. 27 is a schematic view of a closing element P in the form of a frameless glass door on which there is mounted the embodiment of the hinge device 100 of FIGS. 15 and 16;
FIGS. 28A and 28B are axonometric schematic views of an example of a folding table TP respectively in closed and open position, which includes the embodiment of the hinge device 100 of FIG. 23;
FIGS. 29 and 30 are axonometric schematic views - respectively assembled and exploded - of a third embodiment of a control unit 1;
FIGS. 31A and 32A are axial cross-sectional views of the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 29 and 30 respectively during closing and opening the closing element P, with FIGS. 31B and 32B showing some enlarged details;
FIGS. 33 and 34 are axonometric schematic views - respectively exploded and assembled - of a third embodiment of a hydraulic hinge device 100 which includes the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 29 and 30;
FIGS. 35 and 37 are views of the embodiment of the hydraulic hinge device 100 of FIGS. 33 and 34 with the upper half-shell 111 of the hinge body 110 removed and the internal components in axial section, respectively in the closed and open positions of the closing element P;
FIGS. 36 and 38 are views of the embodiment of the hydraulic hinge device 100 of FIGS. 33 and 34 in axial section with a cross-sectional plane substantially perpendicular to that of FIGS. 35 and 37, respectively in the closed and open positions of the closing element P;
FIG. 39 is an exploded axonometric schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a hydraulic hinge device 100 which includes the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 29 and 30;
FIG. 40A is an axial cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the hydraulic hinge device 100 of FIG. 39 in the closed position of closing element P, with FIG. 40B showing some enlarged details;
FIG. 41 is a schematic view of the embodiment of the hydraulic hinge device 100 of FIGS. 35 and 37 anchored to a closing element P and fixed to a floor S, with FIG. 42 showing a partially cross-sectional view to highlight the bushing B adjustment system;
FIGS. 43 and 44 are axonometric schematic views - respectively assembled and exploded - of a fourth embodiment of a control unit 1;
FIGS. 45A and 46A are lateral schematic views of the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 43 and 44 respectively during the forced closing and the opening of the closing element P, with FIGS. 45B, 45C, 46B and 46C showing cross-sectional views of some enlarged details taken respectively along the planes XLVB - XLVB, XLVC-XLVC, XLVIB -XLVIB and XLVIC-XLVIC
FIGS. 47 and 48 are axonometric schematic views - respectively assembled and exploded - of a fifth embodiment of a hydraulic hinge device 100 which includes the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 43 and 44;
FIGS. 49 and 50 are axial cross-sectional views of the embodiment of the hinge device 100 of FIGS. 47 and 48 respectively in the closed and open position of the closing element P;
FIG. 51 is a schematic view of the embodiment of the hydraulic hinge device 100 of FIGS. 47 and 48 anchored to a closing element P;
FIGS. 52 and 53 are axonometric schematic views - respectively assembled and exploded - of a fifth embodiment of a control unit 1;
FIGS. 54 and 55 are axial cross-sectional views of the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 52 and 53 respectively during the closing and opening of the closing element P;
FIGS. 56 and 57 are axonometric schematic views - respectively exploded and assembled - of a sixth embodiment of a hydraulic hinge device 100 which includes the embodiment of the unit 1 of FIGS. 52 and 53;
FIG. 58 is a schematic view of the embodiment of the hydraulic hinge device 100 of FIGS. 52 and 53 anchored to a closing element P;
FIG. 59 is an exploded axonometric schematic view of a further embodiment of a control unit 1;
FIGS. 60A and 60B are axial cross-sectional views of the control unit 1 of FIG. 59 in two different operative positions;
FIG. 61 is an exploded axonometric schematic view of a further embodiment of a control unit 1;
FIGS. 62A and 62B are axial cross-sectional views of the control unit 1 of FIG. 61 in two different operative positions;
FIG. 63 is an exploded axonometric schematic view of a further embodiment of a control unit 1;
FIGS. 64A and 64B are axial cross-sectional views of the control unit 1 of FIG. 63 in two different operative positions;
FIG. 65 is an exploded axonometric schematic view of a further embodiment of a hydraulic hinge device 100 in which the unit 1 is integrated in the hinge body 110, without springs;
FIG. 66 is an assembled axonometric schematic view of the embodiment of the hydraulic hinge device 100 of FIG. 65;
FIG. 67 is an axial cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the hydraulic hinge device 100 of FIG. 65;
FIG. 68 is an axial cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the adjustment element 40 included in the hydraulic hinge device 100 of FIG. 65;
FIGS. 69A and 69B are radial cross-sectional views taken along the planes of line LXIX A - LXIX A and LXIX B - LXIX B in FIG. 67.
Detailed description of some preferred embodiments
With reference to the attached figures, herein described is a control unit 1, which will be particularly useful for controlling the flow of a working fluid, preferably an incompressible working fluid, for example oil.
The control unit 1 may be used for any purpose, for example it may be used as a unilateral decelerator, as shown in FIGS. 59 - 60B, or bilateral, as shown in FIGS. 61 - 64B.
The control unit 1 may also be used in any device. For example, the decelerators shown in FIGS. 59 - 64B may be used in machine tools or slidable doors.
In particular, the control unit 1 may be used in a closing or control hinge device 100, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, 15 to 28B, 33 to 41, 47 to 51, 56 to 58 and 65 to 69B.
It is clear that mentioning one or more figures in relation to particular embodiments of the invention is to be considered as an exemplifying and non-limiting example of the invention. The same embodiment there may be shown in other figures, although not specifically mentioned.
Essentially, the control unit 1 may consist of a main body 10 into which two or more stems 20',20" are slidably inserted.
Although hereinafter reference will be made to a control unit 1 with two stems 20',20", it is clear that the control unit 1 may also include more than two stems without departing from the scope of protection of the attached claims. Obviously, a control unit 1 which includes more than two stems will be configured as a result.
The present invention may include various parts and/or similar or identical elements. Unless otherwise specified, similar or identical parts and/or elements will be indicated using a single reference number, it being clear that the described technical features are common to all similar or identical parts and/or elements.
The main body 10 may include two working chambers 11 and 12 arranged side by side and defining respective axes Y' and Y", which may preferably be substantially parallel, but also substantially coincident, as shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 63 - 64B, or substantially perpendicular, as shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 59 - 60B and 61 - 62B.
Such axes Y' and Y" may also define the sliding axes of the two stems 20',20". The working chambers 11, 12 may include the working fluid, which will flow therein under the thrust of the stems 20', 20".
Each working chamber 11,12 may include respective end openings 13',13" and 14',14", which may preferably be arranged along the axes Y' and Y".
The two stems 20',20" may be inserted into the working chambers 11,12 through the openings 13',14', so as to have ends 21',22' inside the working chambers 11,12 and opposite ends 21",22" outside them.
On the other hand, the openings 13",14" may be fluidically connected to each other by means of the duct 15, which may preferably be substantially perpendicular to the axes Y' and Y", but also parallel to only one of them, as shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 61 - 62B.
The geometry and relative positions of the components shown above shall not be deemed to be limiting, but merely an illustration of the invention. The geometry and the relative positions of the components may be of any type, without departing from the scope of protection of the attached claims.
Thanks to the above characteristics, the sliding of the stem 20' along the axis Y' from the opening 13' toward the opening 13", will correspond to the sliding of the stem 20" in the opposite direction along the axis Y" from the opening 14" toward the opening 14', and vice versa.
The flow of the working fluid through the fluidic connection line defined by the openings 13", 14" and by the duct 15 will actually ensure that to the sliding of the stem 20' along the axis Y' from the distal position of the end 2 from the opening 13', for example shown in FIG. 3A, toward the one proximal thereto, for example shown in FIG. 3B, there will correspond the sliding of the stem 20" in the opposite direction along the axis 20" from the proximal position of the end 22' to the opening 14', for example shown in FIG. 3A, toward the one proximal thereto, for example shown in FIG. 3B, and vice versa.
Basically, the working fluid will transmit the thrust exerted on one of the two stems 20', 20" from the external toward the internal of the main body 10 onto the other stem, which will be pushed from the internal toward the external.
In a preferred but non-exclusive embodiment, the control unit 1 may include one or more elements 40 for adjusting the flow of the working fluid between the working chambers 11, 12.
Although hereinafter reference will be made to a single adjustment element 40, it is clear that the control unit 1 may also include more than one adjustment element without departing from the scope of protection of the attached claims. Obviously, a control unit 1 which includes more than one adjustment element will be configured as a result.
Suitably, the adjustment element 40 may be at least partially inserted into the fluidic connection line defined by the openings 13", 14" and by the duct 15 to interact with at least one passage section thereof, therefore adjusting the flow of the working fluid.
In a preferred but non-exclusive embodiment, for example shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the adjustment element 40 may be a shutter element, for example a pin having a diameter D40, movable between two upper and lower passage sections 15', 15" of the duct 15, having a diameter of D15' and D15" respectively.
Suitably, the diameter D40 is slightly smaller than the diameter D15', for example a few tenths of millimetres, and the diameter D15' is slightly smaller than the diameter D15", for example still a few tenths of millimetres.
Thanks to the configuration above, when the pivot 40 is in the lower passage section 15', the flow of the working fluid flowing through the interspace between the latter is smaller than the one flowing through the interspace between the pivot 40 and the upper passage section 15".
The alternate sliding of the pivot 40 between the two upper and lower passage sections 15', 15" may occur due to the oil pressure imparted by the movement of the stems 20', 20".
In a further preferred but not exclusive embodiment, for example shown in FIGS. 11 to 64B, the adjustment element 40 may comprise a screw element 41 engaged in a nut screw 17 for widening / narrowing the passage section 15"' of the duct 15.
A plug element 42 elastically forced by means of a spring 43 against the end 41" of the screw element 41, which, furthermore, may have an opposite vacant end 41' which can be controlled from the external by an operator, may also be provided for. It is clear that the plug element 42 may also be simply slidable without spring 43, without departing from the scope of protection of the attached claims.
Suitably, the passage section 15'" of the duct 15 may having a substantially frustoconical shape, same case applying to the end 41" of the screw element 41. Preferably, the passage section 15'" may be calibrated.
A passage opening 44", which may be placed in fluid communication with the opening 13" and may be selectively closed by the plug element 42, may be provided for at the end 41".
Furthermore, a passage opening 44', which may be placed in fluid communication with the opening 14', may be provided for at the end 41'.
Furthermore, the screw element 41 may include an internal duct 45 extending between the passage openings 44', 44" to place them in mutual fluid communication.
Suitably, the plug element 42 may have a substantially mushroom-like shape, with an enlarged end 42' at the end 44" and a stem 42" slidably inserted into the internal duct 45 of the screw element 41.
The spring 43 may be suitably sized so that when the stem 20" slides from the distal position for example shown in FIG. 13A to the proximal one for example shown in FIG. 14A the plug element 42 opens, vacating the passage opening 44" and allowing the working fluid to controllably flow through the interspace between the internal duct 45 and the stem 42" of the plug element 42.
Flowever, upon the reverse passage, the plug element 42 will close, plugging the passage opening 44" and forcing the working fluid to controllably flow through the passage section 15'".
Therefore, basically, the spring 43 - plug element 42 assembly acts as one-way valve means for controlling the flow of the working fluid.
The flow of the working fluid through the duct 15 will always be controlled in both directions. The difference of diameters between the internal duct 45 and the stem 42" of the plug element 42 will actually control the flow of the working fluid in one direction, while the size of the passage section 15'" will control the flow of the working fluid inn the reverse direction.
In order to protect the control unit 1 from possible sudden pressure increases therein, an overpressure valve element 50 may be provided for lying in a duct 18 fluid ically connected with the duct
15.
The overpressure valve element 50 may include a spring 51 and a shutter 52, for example a ball shutter, elastically forced against a seat obtained in the duct 18. The spring 51 and the shutter 52 may be held in operative position by a grub screw 53.
Suitably, the spring 51 may be sized so that the shutter 52 exclusively opens when the pressure inside the working chambers 11, 12 or in the duct 15 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, calculated so as to damage to the control unit 1.
Advantageously, the control unit 1 may include elastic counteracting means, for example one or more helical springs 30.
Depending on the function of the device into which the control unit 1 will be inserted, the one or more springs 30 may be thrust or return springs.
Advantageously, each spring 30 may be coaxially inserted onto the respective stem 20', 20" and interposed between an abutment surface 16 of the main body 10 and an abutment surface 23 of such spring 20', 20". Alternatively, the spring 30 may be arranged inside the stem, as shown in FIGS. 59 - 60B.
Suitably, the one or more springs 30 may exclusively act on one of the stems, for example the stem 20", while the other stem, for example the stem 20', may be free to slide along the respective axis Y' without elastic counteracting means.
To this end, in the case of the control unit 1 which includes two springs 30, such as for example in the embodiments for example shown in FIGS. 29, 43 and 52, an abutment element 31 fixed to the stem on which the springs 30 act, for example the stem 20" may be provided for.
The abutment element 31 may include the abutment surfaces 23 for the springs 30 and it may also include a through seat 32 for the stem 20'. In this manner, the latter may freely slide along the axis Y' without elastic counteracting means.
Advantageously, as better illustrated below, the abutment element 31 may include the cam follower means 25", while the stem 20' may include or be integrally joined with the cam follower means
25'.
In the light of the above, the action of one or more springs on the stem 20" will be independent from the action for controlling the flow of the fluid exerted by the control unit 1 on both stems 20', 20".
As a result, thanks to the functional independence between the springs and stems, even in the event of sudden pressure exerted from the external onto one of the stems, the other stem will always be controlled, and the stem on which the springs act will always return to the maximum distal position
In a preferred but non-exclusive embodiment, the control unit 1 may be particularly useful for controlling the flow of a working fluid in a hydraulic hinge device 100.
The latter may be particularly useful for the controlled rotary movement of a closing element P, such as for example a door, a door leaf or the like, with respect to a stationary support structure S, such as a floor, a frame or the like.
Although hereinafter reference will be made to a door P and to a floor or a frame S depending on the various embodiments of the hinge device 100, it is clear that the latter may be connected with any closing element and any stationary support structure without departing from the scope of protection of the attached claims.
The control unit 1 in the hinge device 100 may hydraulically control the movement of the door P between a closing position, for example shown in FIGS. 8, 18A, 31A and 49, and an opening position, for example shown in FIGS. 7, 20A, 32A and 50.
Depending on the configuration, the hinge device 100 may be a closing hinge, for example as shown in FIG. 5A or 15, or a hydraulic control hinge, for example as shown in FIG. 6, 23 of in FIGS. 65 - 69B.
In the former case, the hinge device 100 may include one or more thrust springs 30, while in the latter case the hinge device 100 may include a return spring, preferably, it may be without springs.
In use, two or more hinge devices 100, for example two closing hinges or one closing hinge and one hydraulic control hinge, or a closing and control hinge device 100 and an articulation can be mounted on a door P, without particular restrictions.
By way of non-limiting example, one or more hydraulic control hinge devices 100 can be mounted on a folding glass table TP, as shown in FIGS. 28A and 28B.
In a preferred but non-exclusive embodiment, for example shown in FIGS. 5A to IOC, the hinge device 100 may be a flat hinge particularly suitable to be concealably inserted into the tubular frame of a fridge door.
In a further preferred but not exclusive embodiment, for example shown in FIGS. 15 to 27 and 65 to 69B, the hinge device 100 may be an ambidextrous hinge for frameless glass doors.
In a further preferred but not exclusive embodiment, for example shown in FIGS. 33 to 41, the hinge device 100 may be a hinge for internal doors tiltable to make it ambidextrous, to be anchored to a floor S by means of a bushing B, per se known.
In a further preferred but not exclusive embodiment, for example shown in FIGS. 47 to 51, the hinge device 100 may be an ambidextrous hinge for frameless glass doors mounted in a pivoting fashion, to be anchored to a floor S.
In a further preferred but not exclusive embodiment, for example shown in FIGS. 56 to 58, the hinge device 100 may be an ambidextrous recessed door closure for internal doors, to be anchored to the frame S of the door by means of a pivoted arm A, per se known.
Advantageously, the hinge device 100 may generally comprise a hinge body 110, which can be integrally anchored to the door P or to the stationary support structure S depending on the embodiment, according to the attached drawings. For example, in the preferred but non-exclusive embodiment shown in FIGS. 15 to 27, the hinge body 110 may be anchored to the frame S, while in the preferred but non exclusive embodiment shown in FIGS. 47 to 51, the hinge body 110 may be anchored to the door P.
As better shown hereinafter, the hinge body 110 may have various configurations, depending on the embodiment.
In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 58, the control unit 1 may be removably inserted into the compartment 112 to define the hydraulic portion, with the ends 21", 22" of the stems 20', 20" protruding from the main body 10 so as to remain in the dry portion 113 of the compartment 112, in which they will interact with the pivot 200.
In such embodiments, the hinge body 110 may comprise or consist of a shell 111, possibly consisting of two or more half-shells 111', 111" like in the preferred but non-exclusive embodiment shown in FIGS. 47 to 51. The shell 111 may internally include at least one compartment 112, into which the control unit 1 and a pivot 200 may be inserted.
On the other hand, for example as illustrated in the embodiment of FIGS. 65 to 69B, the control unit 1 may be integrated in the compartment 112 to define the aforementioned hydraulic portion. In other words, the control unit 1 may be obtained in the hinge body 110, so that the latter includes the former.
The pivot 200 may define an axis X, which will also act as a mutual rotation axis between the pivot 200 and the hinge body 110.
The pivot 200 may have one or more portions 201 for the coupling with the door P or the stationary support structure S and first and second cam means 210, 215.
The latter may be mutually arranged side by side or superimposed, and they may have a configuration such to mutually interact selectively and alternately with the stem 20" and the stem 20', and preferably with corresponding first and second cam follower means 25', 25" integrally coupled respectively with the latter, as better explained hereinafter.
In particular, the first and second cam follower means 25', 25" may be obtained as a single piece with the first and second stem 20', 20" to define the respective opposite ends 22', 22", for example as in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 - IOC or of FIGS. 65 - 69B, or they may be integrally coupled with the latter, for example as in the embodiments of FIGS. 11 - 58.
This will promote the reciprocating motion of the stems 20', 20", so that the sliding of the stem 20' from the opening 13' toward the opening 13", that is from the end 21" from the distal position toward the proximal position, corresponds to the sliding of the stem 20" from the opening 14" toward the opening 14', that is of the end 22" from the proximal position toward the distal position, and, vice versa, the sliding of the stem 20" from the opening 14' toward the opening 14", that is of the end 22" from the distal position toward the proximal position, corresponds to the sliding of the stem 20' from the opening 13" toward the opening 13', that is of the end 21" from the proximal position toward the distal position.
As shown above, during such passages the working fluid will hydraulically dampen the door closing and/or opening movement.
Although hereinafter reference will be made to a hinge device 100 which automatically closes the door P and hydraulically dampens the closing and opening movement thereof, it is clear that the hinge device 100 may hydraulically dampen the closing and opening movement of the door P alone, for example as shown in the embodiments of FIG. 6 or 23 of FIGS. 65 - 69B, without departing from the scope of protection of the attached claims.
The pivot 200 and the control unit 1 may be configured so that the distal and proximal positions respectively of the stems 20", 20' corresponds to that of the door P closed and the proximal and distal positions respectively of the stems 20", 20' correspond to that of the door P open.
To this end, the cam means 210, 215 may be suitably configured. In particular, depending on the embodiment of the hinge device 100 and of the relative pivot 200, the cam means 210, 215 may define respective axes or planes substantially perpendicular to each other.
In any case, the cam means 210, 215 and the stems 20", 20' may interact and mutually rotate around the axes X between a door closed and a door open position in which the stems 20", 20' may take the positions described above, sliding along the respective axis Y", Y'. It is clear that depending on the embodiments the one of the cam means 210, 215 and the stems 20", 20' will rotate and the others will be stationary.
In particular, when opening the door P, the cam means 210 may push the stem 20" to slide along the axis Y" from the distal position of the end 22" thereof to the proximal one. At the same time, the oil present in the chambers 11, 12 will push the stem 20' to slide along Y' from the proximal position of the end 21" thereof to the distal one. During such movement, the cam means 215 will rotate in relation to the stem 20' to allow the aforementioned sliding, and the one or more springs 30, if present, will be compressed from the maximum extension position to the maximum compression one.
Suitably, during such movement the cam means 215 and the end 21" of the stem 20' may be mutually spaced apart and not in contact.
The pressure inside the circuit will bring the plug element 42 to open or the pin 40 in the portion 15" of the duct 15 to a larger diameter, to allow the oil to flow through the duct 15.
In the embodiments where the spring 43 - plug element 42 assembly is present, as shown above, such through passing will occur through the tubular interspace between the internal duct 45 and the stem 42" of the plug element 42.
Therefore, such tubular interspace will define the maximum opening force that acts on the door P, even in case of sudden forcing for example due to a gust of wind or incautious user. As a matter of fact, even in this case, the door will always be controlled and protected from undesired impacts and possible damage.
On the contrary, when closing the door P, the one or more springs 30, if present, may promote the movement of the stem 20" along the axis Y" from the proximal position of the end 22" thereof to the distal one and the rotation of the door P toward the closing position. At the same time, the cam means 215 will push the stem 20' to slide along Y' from the distal position of the end 21" thereof to the proximal one. The pressure inside the circuit will bring the plug element 42 to close or the pin 40 in the portion 15' of the duct 15 to a smaller diameter, allowing the oil to act to hydraulically dampen the closing movement of the door P, as described above.
It is clear that in the embodiments in which the hinge device 100 is without springs, the pushing force may be exerted by an external force, for example an external closing hinge or gravity, and the hinge device 100 will basically act as a hydraulic brake to hydraulically dampen the closing movement of the door
P.
In this manner, the movement of the door is always controlled both to open and to close, even in case of sudden forces that act on the door P, for example a gust of wind or the thrust of an incautious user. On the other hand, should such thrust pose a danger to the wholeness of the hinge device 100 the overpressure valve element 50 would open, protecting it.
When closing the door, the one or more springs 30, if present, will act on the cam follower means 25", which in turn will act on the cam means 210 so as to move the pivot 200 and the door P. Such movement is independent from the hydraulic movement of the stems 20', 20".
In particular, the spring 30 - cam follower 25" - cam 210 assembly will be independent from the movement of the stem 20". As a matter of fact, the latter will be pushed to slide along the axis Y" by the action of the other stem 20' alone, which will in turn be pushed by the cam 215 acting on the cam follower 25'.
Such independent movement, together with the particular configuration of the cam follower 25', will allow to obtain a closing mechanical snap, as better shown hereinafter.
The hinge device 100 may be advantageously substantially planar. In particular, the axesY',Y" may define a plane p substantially perpendicular to the axis X, for example as in the embodiments of FIGS. 5A - IOC and 33 - 42, or parallel thereto, for example as in the embodiments of FIGS. 15 - 27, 48 - 51, 56 - 58 and 65 - 69B.
In the latter embodiments, the first and second cam means 215,210 and the first and second cam follower means 25',25" may be mutually superimposed along the planep defined by the axes Y',Y".
In particular, the cam means 210 may include or consist of a compartment with a planar surface 211 substantially perpendicular and parallel to the plane p respectively in the positions for closing and opening the door P, for example as shown respectively in FIGS. 18C and 20C.
On the other hand, the cam follower means 25" may include or consist of a flat face 260 substantially perpendicular to the plane p both in the position for closing and in the position for opening the door P, for example as shown still respectively in FIGS. 18C, 20C and 69A.
Furthermore, the cam means 215 may include or consist of a compartment with a pair of opposite flat walls 216 substantially parallel and perpendicular to the planep respectively in the positions for closing and opening the door P, for example as shown respectively in FIGS. 18B, 20B and 69B. An end portion 217, designed to come into contact with the cam follower means 25' in the closing position, for example shown in FIG. 18B, and be spaced apart from and not in contact with the latter in the opening position, for example shown in FIG. 20B, may be arranged between the two walls 216. More precisely, the contact area 217', which may be arranged in central position with respect to two flat and tapered surfaces 217" and 217'", of the end portion 217 may be substantially flat and perpendicular to the walls 216.
On the other hand, the cam follower means 25' may include a flat face 26' substantially perpendicular to the plane p both in the position for closing and in the position for opening the door P, for example as shown still respectively in FIGS. 18B and 20B.
Such flat face26' may be positioned in the central position with respect to two tapered flat surfaces 26",26'", and it may come into contact with the cam means 215 to define the stop positions at 0° and 90°.
More precisely, the flat surface 26' may come into contact with the contact area 217' of the end portion 217 in the closing position, for example shown in FIG. 18B, and with one of the walls 216 in the opening position, for example shown in FIG. 20B.
This will allow not only to obtain a stop position that is stable in the closing position and in the opening positions, but also to obtain a mechanical snap of the door P toward the closing position.
Starting from the open position for example shown in FIG. 20B, the cam means 215, initially in contact with one of the walls 216, will actually rotate around the axisX, pushing on the cam follower means 25'. Due to such rotation, the flat surface 26' may firstly come into contact with one of the surfaces 217" or 217'", depending on the opening direction, and then with the contact area 217' of the end portion 217.
Upon passing from one of the surfaces 217" or 217'" to the contact area 217', the flat surface 26' will no longer have contact with a surface but with a point, as shown in FIG. 20D.
As a result, the cam means 215 will be subjected to a sudden and uncontrolled tilting around the contact point with the cam follower means 25', until the flat surface 26' and the contact area 217' will not be in mutual contact to define the closing stop position. Due to the fact that the thrust of spring 30 is continuous and independent from the hydraulic control, this causes a mechanical snap of the hinge device 100 toward the closing position.
Suitably configuring the profile of the cam means 215 and of the cam follower means 25' will allow to predetermine the point where such snap occurs. On the other hand, the force of the snap will be determined by the force of the spring 30.
It is also clear that configuring the cam follower means 25' or cam means 215 so that they are without the plane 26' will allow the hinge devices to be without snap.
In the embodiments of FIGS. 5A - IOC and 33 - 42, the cam means 215,210 and the cam follower means 25',25" may lie on a plane substantially parallel to or coincident with the plane p identified by the axes Y', Y". Suitably, the cam means 215, 210 may extend perpendicularly from the first axis X to come into contact with the first and second cam follower means 25', 25" and move the stems 20', 20" as described above.
In particular, the cam means 215, 210 may have surfaces 26, 26" and 260 designed to interact with the surfaces 217 and 211 of cam follower means 25', 25".
Similarly to the above, in proximity of the closed position the cam means 215 will tilt around the contact point between the surfaces 26 and 26" until the surface 26' will not come into contact with the surface 217, defining the closing stop position.
It is clear that the profile of the cams and of the cam follower of the embodiments is shown herein only by way of example, and it may be configured depending on the motion to be imparted to the door P to open or close.
With particular reference to the embodiment of FIGS. 33 - 38, the block 31 may include cam means 25", while the cam follower 25' may be removably fitted onto the stem 20'. This simplifies the mounting of the hinge to the maximum.
In such embodiment, the pivot 200 may be configured to impact against the shell 111 both to open and to close, as shown in FIGS. 35 and 37. To close, this allows to confer a pre-load to the door P, which push against the relative door leaf. Then, to open, such solution acts as a system for preventing the unhinging of the door P, preventing the impact thereof against any obstacles. To this end, both the cam followers 25', 25" may be provided with a system for discharging the cams 210, 215.
Alternatively to the cam and cam follower means, in a preferred but non-exclusive embodiment for example shown in FIGS. 39 - 40B the pivot 200 may have pinion means 220 susceptible to interact with corresponding rack and pinion means 27', 27" integrally coupled respectively with the stems 20', 20". The rack and pinion means 27" may be included in the block 31, which in turn may be inserted by means of a pin on the stem 20". On the other hand, the rack and pinion means 27' may be removably inserted into the stem 20', which may freely slide through the opening 32.
Such embodiment allows the maximum control on the door P, which will always close from any opening position.
The hinge device 100 is very easy to mount, given that the control unit 1 with the cam follower means and the pivot 200, the whole pre-assembled as a pack, are basically inserted into the compartment 112 and then the shell 111 is closed using a closing element. Finish covers may be possibly provided for.
Advantageously, the adjustment element 40 may be accessible even with the hinge device mounted, possibly removing a finish cover.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 15 - 27, 33 - 38, 39 - 40B, 56 - 58 and 65 - 69B, the adjustment element 40 may actually be accessible through an opening 160, while in the embodiment of FIGS. 48 - 51 the adjustment element 40 may be accessible by removing the cover 161. With particular reference to the embodiment of FIGS. 15 - 27, the shell 111 may have sliding guides 125', 125" into which cam follower means 25', 25" are slidably inserted. This will make the mounting of the hinge extremely easy, and the movement exceptionally fluid.
Still with reference to such embodiment, after inserting the pivot 200 into the shell 111 and the cam follower means 25', 25" into the guides 125', 125", it will be sufficient to screw the control unit 1 to the shell 111, using screws 130 passing through the body 10.
At that point, to complete the mounting it is sufficient to screw the aforementioned assembly to the fixing plate 140 by means of screws 141. Such type of mounting makes such hinge device particularly versatile, given that the assembly can be mounted on various types of plates 140. The screws 130 may pass through the fixing plate 140 so that once in operative position the head thereof rests on the plate 140 so that the latter bears the weight of the plate P.
Given that in the embodiment of FIGS. 65 - 69B the control unit 1 is integrated in the hinge body 110 to define means for hydraulically controlling the flow of the working fluid, such embodiment may be without screws 130, but it may however include pins 131 passing through the plate 140 to bear the weight of the door P.
Suitably, such embodiment may provide for an adjustment element configured like in FIG. 68, that is comprising an adjustment screw 41, plug element 42 and spring 43, or the adjustment screw 41 alone.
Furthermore, such embodiment may provide for a finish cover 162.
In the light of the above, it is clear that the invention attains the pre-set objectives. The invention is susceptible to numerous modifications and variants, all falling within the scope of protection of the attached claims. All details can be replaced by other technically equivalent elements, and the materials can be different depending on the needs, without departing from the scope of protection defined by the attached claims.
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