Title Hydrogen Hybrid Cycle System

Inventors Joshua PARTHEEPAN

Docket No 302-0011

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This claims benefit to US Patent Application Number(s) 14763467 filed on 07/24/15,62540348 filed on 08/02/17, and 62542786 filed on 08/08/2017.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR

DEVELOPMENT (IF APPLICABLE)

[0002] Not applicable.

REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING, A TABLE, OR A COMPUTER

PROGRAM LISTING COMPACT DISC APPENDIX (IF APPLICABLE)

[0003] Not applicable.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The present invention is a system for burning hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (02) to provide power or propulsion. It can comprise a system that operates in a closed loop by combustion hydrogen at stoichiometry or near stoichiometry to produce steam. Steam drives a turbine to convert the heat energy into mechanical energy which can be used for useful work. In specific configurations, the invention allows for operation at various pressures, temperatures and load efficiently, making the system a flexible, economical, and pollution-free power generation source for electric utilities and large-scale locomotives.

[0005] Hydrogen has been known for its combustible nature since 1650, when it was described as "inflammable air." Hydrogen as a fuel has unique properties and is significantly different from all other commonly-used hydrocarbon liquid and gas fuels; it is extremely flammable, and often described as the most flammable of all known substances.

[0006] Hydrogen is not often used in a combustion process for energy conversion, but rather used in fuel cells to produce electrical energy. Hydrogen fuel cells are efficient, but expensive, and sensitive to load fluctuations, operational environment, and fuel impurities. Hydrogen combustion for power generation can be an alternative to fuel cells, but the key challenges with hydrogen combustion for energy conversion are to ensure operational safety of the process and to reduce its complexity and cost. [0007] Combustion of said H2 and said 02 at stoichiometry produces a high-temperature flame which results in steam and unburnt gasses. This unique property of hydrogen oxygen combustion can be used to generate steam by mixing the hot combustion resultant with said water or steam to regulate the resultant steam temperature as desired.

[0008] A device which burns H2 and/or 02 at stoichiometry for steam generation, described as an "aphodid burner," was patented in 1967 by Oklahoma State University. Several papers were written about it in the early 1970s. The German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the Institute of Combustion Aerothermics Reactivity and Environment (ICARE) in France collaborated to study several configurations of hydrogen-oxygen combustion-based steam generators for power generation. These used several different configurations of said water injection into the steam generators. The DLR and ICARE have also collaborated to design and patent a steam generator for sterilization purposes in the pharmaceutical industry.

[0009] Several thermodynamic cycle models were proposed after the invention of hydrogen- oxygen combustion-based steam generators. Models of H2 and/or 02 combustion for power generation are disclosed in US Patent Numbers 3459953,4148185, 5331806, 5644911, 5687559, 5775091, 5782081,5809768, 6021569, 6263568 Bl, 6282883 Bl, 7546732 B2, 8169101 B2, 20050223711 Al, 20043435 Al, 20314878 Al, 20175638 Al. However, the current patent application presents a different and unique design.

[0010] No prior art is known to the Applicant.

[0011] None of the known inventions and patents, taken either singularly or in combination, is seen to describe the instant disclosure as claimed.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0012] A hydrogen hybrid cycle system configured to convert heat into mechanical work by burning a H2 and a 02. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system comprises a H2 source, a 02 source, a combustion chamber, a one or more steam injected gas turbines, a heat recovery steam generator, a water pump, and a load. Said H2 source provides said H2 to said combustion chamber. Said 02 source provides said 02 to said combustion chamber. Said combustion chamber burns portions of said H2 and said 02. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system bums said H2 and said 02 at or near stoichiometry in said combustion chamber. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system cools said combustion chamber with a cooling steam and/or a water. Said combustion chamber creates a generated steam. Said generated steam turns said one or more steam injected gas turbines. Said one or more steam injected gas turbines is coupled with said load. [0013] A power generation method for producing useful work through a hydrogen hybrid cycle system includes following stages, or components: a combustion step /, a steam generation step, a driving turbine step, a generating power step, a generating cooling steam step, and a misting cooling mixture step. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system comprises a H2 source, a 02 source, a combustion chamber, a one or more steam injected gas turbines, a heat recovery steam generator, a water pump, and a load. Said H2 source provides a H2 to said combustion chamber. Said 02 source provides a 02 to said combustion chamber. Said combustion chamber burns portions of said H2 and said 02. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system burns said H2 and said 02 at or near stoichiometry in said combustion chamber. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system cools said combustion chamber with a cooling steam and/or a water. Said combustion chamber creates a generated steam. Said generated steam turns said one or more steam injected gas turbines. Said one or more steam injected gas turbines is coupled with said load.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

[0014] Figure 1 illustrates block diagram view of a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0015] Figure 2 illustrates block diagram view of a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0016] Figure 3 illustrates block diagram view of a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0017] Figure 4 illustrates block diagram view of a detailed cycle system 200.

[0018] Figure 5 illustrates a flow chart view of a power generation method 500.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] A hydrogen hybrid cycle system configured to convert heat into mechanical work by burning a H2 and a 02. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system comprises a H2 source, a 02 source, a combustion chamber, a one or more steam injected gas turbines, a heat recovery steam generator, a water pump, and a load. Said H2 source provides said H2 to said combustion chamber. Said 02 source provides said 02 to said combustion chamber. Said combustion chamber burns portions of said H2 and said 02. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system bums said H2 and said 02 at or near stoichiometry in said combustion chamber. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system cools said combustion chamber with a cooling steam and/or a water. Said combustion chamber creates a generated steam. Said generated steam turns said one or more steam injected gas turbines. Said one or more steam injected gas turbines is coupled with said load.

[0020] A power generation method for producing useful work through a hydrogen hybrid cycle system includes following stages, or components: a combustion step /, a steam generation step, a driving turbine step, a generating power step, a generating cooling steam step, and a cooling step. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system comprises a H2 source, a 02 source, a combustion chamber, a one or more steam injected gas turbines, a heat recovery steam generator, a water pump, and a load. Said H2 source provides a H2 to said combustion chamber. Said 02 source provides a 02 to said combustion chamber. Said combustion chamber burns portions of said H2 and said 02. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system burns said H2 and said 02 at or near stoichiometry in said combustion chamber. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system cools said combustion chamber with a cooling steam and/or a water. Said combustion chamber creates a generated steam. Said generated steam turns said one or more steam injected gas turbines. Said one or more steam injected gas turbines is coupled with said load.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING

[0021] Figure 1 illustrates block diagram view of a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0022] Figure 2 illustrates block diagram view of a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0023] Figure 3 illustrates block diagram view of a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0024] Figure 4 illustrates block diagram view of a detailed cycle system 200.

[0025] Figure 5 illustrates a flow chart view of a power generation method 500.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention as claimed and is provided in the context of the particular examples discussed below, variations of which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described in this specification. It will be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation (as in any development project), design decisions must be made to achieve the designers' specific goals (e.g., compliance with system- and business-related constraints), and that these goals will vary from one implementation to another. It will also be appreciated that such development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the field of the appropriate art having the benefit of this disclosure. Accordingly, the claims appended hereto are not intended to be limited by the disclosed embodiments, but are to be accorded their widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

[0027] These parts are illustrated in the figures and discussed below:, a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100, a H2 source 102, an 02 source 104, a combustion chamber 106, a one or more steam injected gas turbines 108, a first steam injected gas turbine 108a, a second steam injected gas turbine 108b, a load 110, a heat recovery steam generator 112, a deaerator 114, a water reservoir 116, a water pump 118, a H2 passage 120, an 02 passage 122, a first water passage 124, a steam passage 126, a generated steam passage 128, a turbine exit steam passage 130, a residual steam passage 132, an unburnt gas vent passage 134, a water reservoir passage 136, a bleed water passage 138, a second water passage 140, a H2 142, an 02 144, a cooling steam 146, a low temp cooling steam 146a, a medium temp cooling steam 146b, a high temp cooling steam 146c, a water 148, a pressurized water 150, a generated steam 152, a residual steam 154, a hydrogen pump 156, an oxygen pump 158, a water to heat recovery steam generator passage 160, an unburnt gas 162, a turbine exit steam 164, a detailed cycle system 200, a steam water mixer 202, a feed water cooler 204, a cooling streams 206, a first cooling stream 206a, a second cooling stream 206b, a multistage turbines 208, a multi -temperature cooling steams 210, a first temperature cooling steam 210a, a second temperature cooling steam 210b, a third temperature cooling steam 210c, a mixed steam water 212, a feed water to feed water cooler input passage 214, a feed water to feed water cooler output passage 216, a third water passage 218, a mixed steam passage 220, a one or more cooling steam passages 302, a first cooling steam passage 302a, a second cooling steam passage 302b, a third cooling steam passage 302c, a water passage 304, a one or more steam to steam water mixer passages 306, a first steam to steam water mixer passage 306a, a second steam to steam water mixer passage 306b, a third steam to steam water mixer passage 306c, a mixed steam water passage 308, a reheat steam passage 404, a first steam injected gas turbine exit steam passage 406, a reduced steam to combustion chamber passage 408, a reheated steam 410, a reduced steam 412, a bypass steam passage 414, a power generation method 500, a combustion step 502, a steam generation step 504, a driving turbine step 506, a generating power step 508, a generating cooling steam step 510, and a cooling step 512.

[0028] Figure 1 illustrates block diagram view of a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0029] In one embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can comprise said H2 source 102, said 02 source 104, said combustion chamber 106, said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108, said load 110, said heat recovery steam generator 112, said deaerator 114, said water reservoir 116, said water pump 118, said steam passage 126, said generated steam passage 128, said turbine exit steam passage 130, said residual steam passage 132, said unburnt gas vent passage 134, said water reservoir passage 136, said bleed water passage 138, said second water passage 140, said H2 142, said 02 144, said cooling steam 146, said water 148, said pressurized water 150, said generated steam 152, said residual steam 154, said hydrogen pump 156, said oxygen pump 158, said oxygen pump 158, said water to heat recovery steam generator passage 160, said unburnt gas 162 and said turbine exit steam 164.

[0030] In one embodiment, said cooling steam 146 can comprise said low temp cooling steam 146a, said medium temp cooling steam 146b, said high temp cooling steam 146c and said high temp cooling steam 146c.

[0031] In one embodiment, said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 can comprise said first steam injected gas turbine 108a and said second steam injected gas turbine 108b.

[0032] Note that the simplified block diagram represents a minimalistic version of said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100. Many of the elements illustrated in Figure 1 are described and illustrated in more detail below.

[0033] In one embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can comprise said H2 source 102, said 02 source 104, said water reservoir 116, said water pump 118, said combustion chamber 106, said first steam injected gas turbine 108a, said heat recovery steam generator 112, and said deaerator 114.

[0034] In one embodiment, H2 source 102 can be hydrogen in gaseous phase stored under pressure in gas cylinders, or containers. Said H2 source 102 can comprise hydrogen stored in large scale in geological storage. Said H2 source 102 can comprise hydrogen stored in indirect form, i.e. metal hydrides. Said H2 source 102 can comprise hydrogen from industrial processes. Said H2 source 102 can comprise hydrogen stored in liquid phase.

[0035] In one embodiment, said H2 source 102 can comprise a hydrogen comprising an impurity ratio. Said impurity ratio comprises an industrial standard of 99.9% pure hydrogen; wherein, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system can be configured to accommodate said impurity ratio being below said industrial standard depending on a final temperature, a pressure, a quality and a usage of a generated steam by a combustion chamber. In another embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can accommodate some impurities in said H2 source 102, depending on the final temperature and pressure of said generated steam 152 and the tolerance of said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 towards impurities.

[0036] In one embodiment, said H2 source 102 can supply said H2 142 under pressure to said combustion chamber 106. Where said H2 source 102 comprises a low-pressure, said hydrogen pump 156 can be used to attain necessary pressure of said H2 142 for operation before entering said combustion chamber 106.

[0037] Said H2 source 102 is fed into said combustion chamber 106 through H2 passage 120. [0038] In one embodiment, 02 source 104 can be said 02 144 in gaseous phase stored under pressure in gas cylinders, or containers. Said 02 source 104 can comprise oxygen stored in large scale in geological storage. Said 02 source 104 can comprise oxygen from industrial processes. Said 02 source 104 can comprise oxygen stored in liquid phase. Said 02 source 104 can comprise an oxygen purity which can comprise an industrial grade. In one embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can accommodate some impurities depending on the final temperature and pressure of said generated steam 152 and the tolerance of said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 towards impurities.

[0039] In one embodiment, 02 source 104 will supply said 02 144 under pressure to said combustion chamber 106. If 02 source 104 comprises low-pressure oxygen, said oxygen pump 158 can be used to attain the necessary pressure of oxygen for operation before entering said combustion chamber 106.

[0040] In one embodiment, said 02 144 can be fed into said combustion chamber 106 through said 02 passage 122.

[0041] In one embodiment, water reservoir 116 contains said water 148 being demineralized with additives in accordance with industrial standards or requirements for said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 and/or heat recovery steam generator 112.

[0042] In one embodiment, said water 148 is pumped into said combustion chamber 106 through said second water passage 140 and said first water passage 124, as illustrated.

[0043] In one embodiment, said heat recovery steam generator 112 creates said cooling steam 146. In one embodiment, said cooling steam 146 is delivered to said combustion chamber 106 through said steam passage 126.

[0044] In one embodiment, said combustion chamber 106 receives said H2 142, said 02 144, said pressurized water 150 and said cooling steam 146 and generates said generated steam 152. In one embodiment, said combustion chamber 106 is configured to: (1) burn said H2 142 and said 02 144 at or near stoichiometry, (2) include said pressurized water 150, said cooling steam 146 and/or a mixture of both as a coolant. In one embodiment, inclusion of said pressurized water 150 and/or cooling steam 146 can be selected depending on a configuration of said combustion chamber 106 and availability of pressurized water 150 or said cooling steam 146.

[0045] The temperature of said generated steam 152, created by said combustion chamber 106, depends on a flow and temperature of pressurized water 150 and said cooling steam 146 entering said combustion chamber 106. [0046] Said combustion chamber 106 can utilize any suitable type of combustion strategy, depending on the application and operational circumstances.

[0047] In one embodiment, one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 receives said generated steam 152 through said generated steam passage 128.

[0048] In one embodiment, said generated steam 152 can selectively turn one or more turbines in said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108, and consequently produces useful outputs, such as electricity, as is known in the art.

[0049] In one embodiment, said turbine exit steam 164 reaches said heat recovery steam generator 112 through said turbine exit steam passage 130.

[0050] In one embodiment, said turbine exit steam 164 can be low in pressure, but high in temperature; wherein, energy which is found in said turbine exit steam 164 can be harnessed in said heat recovery steam generator 112 and used to convert said pressurized water 150 into cooling steam 146. In one embodiment, said cooling steam 146 can be high-pressure. In one embodiment, said residual steam 154 and said cooling steam 146 do not commingle with each other.

[0051] In one embodiment, said residual steam 154 can comprise condensate from said heat recovery steam generator 112. Said condensate can reach said deaerator 114 through said residual steam passage 132. Said unburnt gas 162 are separated in said deaerator 114 and safely released into the atmosphere through said unburnt gas vent passage 134. Said water 148 can then be collected and stored in said water reservoir 116.

[0052] In one embodiment, said water 148 from said deaerator 114 can reach said water reservoir 116 through water reservoir passage 136.

[0053] In one embodiment, said water reservoir 116 can be configured to store said water 148 for reuse in said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100. Depending on the needs of an installation of said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100, portions of said water 148 can exit said water reservoir 116 through said bleed water passage 138 and be used for additional purposes, including drinking, agriculture, or industrial processes.

[0054] In one embodiment, said water pump 118 can pump said water 148 from said water reservoir 116. Said pressurized water 150 can be divided and then fed into said heat recovery steam generator 112 and combustion chamber 106 through said water to heat recovery steam generator passage 160 and said first water passage 124, respectively.

[0055] In one embodiment, pressure loss (in said combustion chamber 106, said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108, and said heat recovery steam generator 112), along with the maximum working pressure of steam in said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can be used to determine a pressure of said pressurized water 150 to be delivered from said water pump 118.

[0056] In one embodiment, said water 148 that enters said heat recovery steam generator 112 can be converted into said cooling steam 146 (which can comprise high-pressure) by transferring heat from said turbine exit steam 164 (which can comprise low-pressure, high-temperature). In one embodiment, said cooling steam 146 from said heat recovery steam generator 112 can be fed into said combustion chamber 106 through said steam passage 126.

[0057] Figure 2 illustrates block diagram view of a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0058] In one embodiment, said cooling streams 206 can comprise said first cooling stream 206a and said second cooling stream 206b.

[0059] In one embodiment, said feed water cooler 204 can comprise feed said water 148 to said feed water cooler input passage 214 and said feed water to feed water cooler output passage 216.

[0060] In one embodiment, said multi -temperature cooling steams 210 can comprise said first temperature cooling steam 210a, said second temperature cooling steam 210b and said third temperature cooling steam 210c.

[0061] In one embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can comprise said feed water cooler 204, said multi-stage turbines 208 and said multi-stage turbines 208.

[0062] In one embodiment, said cooling steam 146 can comprise said multi -temperature cooling steams 210, said mixed steam water 212 and said mixed steam water 212.

[0063] In one embodiment, said water 148 can comprise said steam water mixer 202 and said cooling streams 206.

[0064] Said detailed cycle system 200 can comprise a more detailed version of said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0065] In one embodiment, said detailed cycle system 200 can comprise said steam water mixer 202, said heat recovery steam generator 112, said multi-stage turbines 208, and said feed water cooler 204. Said heat recovery steam generator 112 in said detailed cycle system 200 can comprise a multi-temperature, elevated pressure configuration.

[0066] In one embodiment, heat recovery steam generator 112 can deliver said multi- temperature cooling steams 210 which can comprise said cooling steam 146 at two or more different temperatures. In one embodiment, said multi -temperature cooling steams 210 can be configured to maximize heat recovery from said turbine exit steam 164. In one embodiment, said turbine exit steam 164 can comprise low-pressure, high-temperature steam. [0067] In one embodiment, said heat recovery steam generator 112 can also produce variable- pressure, variable- temperature steam, if it is required by said combustion chamber 106 to increase performance and flexibility of said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 to integrate different tasks. In one embodiment, a plurality of said water pump 118 can be added to said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 to regulate different pressures in said multi -temperature cooling steams 210.

[0068] In one embodiment, feed water cooler 204 can be optional. In one embodiment, said feed water cooler 204 can be installed to cool said water 148 before being pumped by said water pump 118 to operate said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 at optimum efficiency.

[0069] Said water 148 from said water reservoir 116 can enter said feed water cooler 204 using said feed water to feed water cooler input passage 214 and can exit using said feed water to feed water cooler output passage 216. Said feed water to feed water cooler input passage 214 can capture a portion of said water 148 flowing through said second water passage 140. Said feed water to feed water cooler output passage 216 can return a portion of said water 148 back to said second water passage 140 after passing through said feed water cooler 204.

[0070] In one embodiment, said feed water cooler 204 can be air-cooled, water-cooled, hydrogen cooled, oxygen cooled, or a combination of different coolants depending on the location, availability of resources and temperature difference of said feed water to feed water cooler input passage 214 and said feed water to feed water cooler output passage 216.

[0071] In one embodiment, said H2 142 and said 02 144 enter said combustion chamber 106. A fiowrate of said H2 142 and said 02 144 are measured and regulated to attain a stoichiometry or near-stoichiometry ratio. Said H2 142 and said 02 144 can be injected into said combustion chamber 106 and safely ignited. A flame resulting from burning said H2 142 and said 02 144 can result in a steam and an energy released in the form of very high temperature heat.

[0072] In one embodiment, cooling said generated steam 152, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 is provided with said mixed steam water 212, said multi-temperature cooling steams 210, and said pressurized water 150 which can be injected into said combustion chamber 106.

[0073] In one embodiment, a temperature of said generated steam 152 can depend on a flow rate, temperature and pressure of the inputs of said combustion chamber 106 (such as H2 142, said 02 144, said mixed steam water 212, said pressurized water 150 and said multi-temperature cooling steams 210) as well as the temperature and pressure of the cooling mixture. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can comprise a controller and a plurality of sensors for measuring such inputs. [0074] In one embodiment, said combustion chamber 106 can be configured to minimize hot spots and said unburnt gas 162 in said residual steam 154. It can also be designed to handle said multi -temperature cooling steams 210.

[0075] In one embodiment, said turbine exit steam 164 can be very hot; wherein, said heat recovery steam generator 112 can harness waste energy and thereby convert said pressurized water 150 into multi -temperature cooling steam 210.

[0076] Said steam water mixer 202 can be used to mix said pressurized water 150, said multi- temperature cooling steams 210, and/or said cooling steam 146 to increase combustion and mixing efficiency at said combustion chamber 106. Said steam water mixer 202 can be configured to control portions of said multi-temperature cooling steams 210, said cooling steam 146 and said pressurized water 150 to be included in said mixed steam water 212. Said steam water mixer 202 can be configured to optimize temperature, pressure and flow rate of said multi-temperature cooling steams 210 from said heat recovery steam generator 112.

[0077] Figure 3 illustrates block diagram view of a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0078] In one embodiment, said one or more cooling steam passages 302 can comprise said first cooling steam passage 302a, said second cooling steam passage 302b and said third cooling steam passage 302c.

[0079] In one embodiment, said one or more steam to steam water mixer passages 306 can comprise said first steam to steam water mixer passage 306a, said second steam to steam water mixer passage 306b and said third steam to steam water mixer passage 306c.

[0080] In one embodiment, said detailed cycle system 200 can comprise said water passage 304, said water passage 304, said one or more steam to steam water mixer passages 306 and said mixed steam water passage 308.

[0081] In one embodiment, said cooling steam 146 can comprise said one or more cooling steam passages 302.

[0082] In one embodiment, said multi -temperature cooling steams 210 can comprise said low temp cooling steam 146a, said medium temp cooling steam 146b, and said high temp cooling steam 146c. In one embodiment, said multi-temperature cooling steams 210 can be passed to said combustion chamber 106 using said one or more cooling steam passages 302; namely, said low temp cooling steam 146a through first cooling steam passage 302a, said medium temp cooling steam 146b through second cooling steam passage 302b, and said high temp cooling steam 146c through third cooling steam passage 302c. In one embodiment, low temp cooling steam 146a can comprise a low temperature, said medium temp cooling steam 146b can comprise an intermediate temperature and said high temp cooling steam 146c can comprise a high temperature, as compared with one another.

[0083] In one embodiment, said multi-temperature cooling steams 210 can be adjusted, with regard to temperature and flow rate, depending on the optimum design and heat extraction rate of said heat recovery steam generator 112, and can vary according to conditions of said load 110.

[0084] In one embodiment, to increase the operational performance of said combustion chamber 106, said multi-temperature cooling steams 210 can be mixed with the pressurized water 150 in said steam water mixer 202 prior to entering said combustion chamber 106. Said multi -temperature cooling steams 210 can be selectively delivered to said steam water mixer 202 through said one or more steam to steam water mixer passages 306; namely, said low temp cooling steam 146a through said first steam to steam water mixer passage 306a, said medium temp cooling steam 146b through said second steam to steam water mixer passage 306b, and said high temp cooling steam 146c through said third steam to steam water mixer passage 306c. likewise, a portion of pressurized water 150 can be delivered to said steam water mixer 202 through said water passage 304.

[0085] In one embodiment, said pressurized water 150 can be misted and/or vaporized in said steam water mixer 202 to form said mixed steam water 212. Said mixed steam water 212 can increase a thermal efficiency of a combustion process and reduce hotspots through more uniform mixing of said multi -temperature cooling steams 210 and said pressurized water 150 into said mixed steam water 212 and the combustion product in said combustion chamber 106.

[0086] In one embodiment, said steam water mixer 202 can be configured to uniformly mix said pressurized water 150 and said cooling steam 146, and thereby reduce cold spots in said mixed steam water 212 entering said combustion chamber 106. Said mixed steam water 212 can enter said combustion chamber 106 through said mixed steam water passage 308.

[0087] In one embodiment, a portion of said multi -temperature cooling steams 210 can pass directly into said combustion chamber 106 through said one or more cooling steam passages 302, and a remaining portion of said multi -temperature cooling steams 210 can pass through said one or more steam to steam water mixer passages 306 into said steam water mixer 202.

[0088] In one embodiment, the amount of said pressurized water 150 and said multi -temperature cooling steams 210 entering said steam water mixer 202 depends on the flow rates, temperature and pressure of said pressurized water 150 and said multi-temperature cooling steams 210.

[0089] In one embodiment, the portions of said pressurized water 150 and said multi- temperature cooling steams 210 entering said combustion chamber 106 and steam water mixer 202 is optimized depending to various operational parameters in said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 to meet requirements of said combustion chamber 106 with regards to safe and efficient operation at maximized cycle performance

[0090] Figure 4 illustrates block diagram view of a detailed cycle system 200.

[0091] In one embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can comprise said reheated steam 410, said reduced steam 412 and said bypass steam passage 414.

[0092] In one embodiment, said multi-stage turbines 208 can comprise said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108, said reheat steam passage 404, said first steam injected gas turbine exit steam passage 406 and said reduced steam to combustion chamber passage 408.

[0093] In one embodiment, said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 can comprise said multi-stage turbines 208. In one embodiment, said reduced steam 412 can comprise a steam in between stages. Said reduced steam 412 can be bled and reheated in said combustion chamber 106 to said reheated steam 410, and then reinjected into said multi-stage turbines 208, to increase output and efficiency of operation of said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[0094] In one embodiment, said multi-stage turbines 208 can receive said generated steam 152 (which can comprise high-pressure, high-temperature steam) from said combustion chamber 106 through said generated steam passage 128. Said generated steam 152 can then be reduced to a specified pressure and temperature, and re-fed into said combustion chamber 106 through said reduced steam to combustion chamber passage 408 as a reduced steam 412. Said reduced steam 412 can be reheated to reheated steam 410 in said combustion chamber 106 and injected back into said multi-stage turbines 208 at said second steam injected gas turbine 108b through said reheated steam passage 404. In one embodiment, for operational flexibility in different configurations and loading conditions, said reduced steam 412 can bypass reheating in said combustion chamber 106 be injected directly into said second steam injected gas turbine 108b through said bypass steam passage 414.

[0095] In summary, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can form forms a simple closed loop system with higher operating efficiency and lower capital cost than conventional designs. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can have the added benefit of zero operational pollution.

[0096] In one embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can be useful for power generation, in locomotives for propulsion, and in combined heat and power applications.

[0097] In one embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can work alongside conventional burners in steam- or gas-turbine power plants to generate power at reduced or zero pollution, provided that the hydrogen is generated from or through renewable energy sources, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can also be accommodated in a conventional coal or gas turbine or nuclear power plant with minor changes to generate electricity with reduced pollution and increased efficiency.

[0098] In one embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can work along with a steam engine, steam- turbine, gas-turbine, or electric hybrid engine. It can completely replace gasoline, diesel, oil or gas engines in trucks, trains, submarines, ships, tanks etc. to increase efficiency at reduced or zero pollution, provided that the hydrogen is generated from or through renewable energy sources.

[0099] In one embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can be useful for both power generation and heat energy utilization. One such example, but not limited to this, is cane sugar production, in which said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 is used to generate electric power. The exhaust steam from the turbine can be used in industrial processing of cane sugar before or after being used in said heat recovery steam generator 1 12.

[00100] While the invention has been shown in only one of its forms, it is not thus limited but is flexible to various configurations and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof. In one alternative version, said generated steam 152 by said combustion chamber 106 can be used in various industrial processes before or after being injected into said heat recovery steam generator 1 12. Possible industrial uses include conventional power plants, sugar production, and paper production

[00101] Figure 5 illustrates a flow chart view of a power generation method 500.

[00102] In one embodiment, said power generation method 500 can comprise said combustion step 502, said steam generation step 504, said driving turbine step 506, said generating power step 508, said generating cooling steam step 510 and said cooling step 512.

[00103] In one embodiment, said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 can comprise said power generation method 500.

[00104] In one embodiment, said power generation method 500 can comprise the steps for implementing said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 and said detailed cycle system 200, as discussed above

[00105] The following sentences are included for completeness of this disclosure with reference to the claims.

[00106] A hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 configured to convert heat into mechanical work by burning a H2 142 and a 02 144. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 comprises a H2 source 102, a 02 source 104, a combustion chamber 106, a one or more steam injected gas turbines 108, a heat recovery steam generator 1 12, a water pump 1 18, and a load 110. Said H2 source 102 provides said H2 142 to said combustion chamber 106. Said 02 source 104 provides said 02 144 to said combustion chamber 106. Said combustion chamber 106 burns portions of said H2 142 and said 02 144. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 burns said H2 142 and said 02 144 at or near stoichiometry in said combustion chamber 106. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 cools said combustion chamber 106 with a cooling steam 146 and a water 148. Said combustion chamber 106 creates a generated steam 152. Said generated steam 152 turns said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108. Said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 is coupled with said load 110.

[00107] A load 110 is selected from among a generator, a locomotive or rotational load.

[00108] Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 further comprising a steam water mixer 202, and a feed water cooler 204.

[00109] Said H2 142 comprises a gaseous phase under pressure.

[00110] Said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 can tolerate certain level of impurities in said H2 142. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 accommodates said impurities depending on a final temperature, a pressure, a quality and a usage of a generated steam 152 by a combustion chamber 106.

[00111] Said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 can require a hydrogen purity of industrial grade.

[00112] A hydrogen pump 156 is configured to produce said H2 142 as a gaseous phase at the necessary pressure for operation before it enters said combustion chamber 106.

[00113] Said H2 source 102 is stored in a containment selected among cylinders, geological storage, indirect form, metal hydrides, an industrial process, and liquid phase.

[00114] Said H2 142 comprises liquid hydrogen or low-pressure hydrogen. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 further may comprises a hydrogen vaporizer. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system

100 comprises a hydrogen pump 156. Said hydrogen pump 156 and said hydrogen vaporizer produce H2 142 at a necessary pressure for operation before it enters said combustion chamber

106.

[00115] Said 02 144 has oxygen in gaseous phase under pressure.

[00116] Said 02 source 104 is stored in a containment selected among gas cylinders, geological storage, and an industrial process.

[00117] Said 02 source 104 comprises liquid or low-pressure oxygen. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 further comprises an oxygen vaporizer. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 comprises an oxygen pump 158. Said oxygen pump 158 and said oxygen vaporizer produce 02 144 at a necessary pressure for operation before it enters said combustion chamber 106. [00118] Said 02 144 comprises an oxygen purity. Said oxygen purity comprises an industrial grade.

[00119] Said 02 144 comprises an oxygen purity. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 is configured to accommodate various qualities of said oxygen purity depending on the final temperature, pressure, quality and usage of said generated steam 152 by said combustion chamber 106.

[00120] A water reservoir 116 stores said water 148. Said water 148 is demineralized by adding chemical additives into meet operational standards of pipelines, turbine and heat recovery steam generator.

[00121] Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 further comprising said feed water cooler 204. Said feed water cooler 204 comprising a feed water to feed water cooler input passage 214, and a feed water to feed water cooler output passage 216. A water reservoir 116 feeds said water 148 to said water pump 118 through a second water passage 140. Said feed water to feed water cooler input passage 214 pulls a portion of said water 148 out of said second water passage 140. Said feed water cooler 204 cools a portion of said water 148. Said feed water to feed water cooler output passage 216 returns a portion of said water 148 back into said second water passage 140.

[00122] Said feed water cooler 204 comprises a cooling equipment selected from among air cooling or hydrogen cooling, depending on the availability of the resource.

[00123] Said feed water cooler 204 is configured to optimize a temperature of said water 148 to optimize said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[00124] Said combustion chamber 106 receives said H2 142 from said H2 source 102 through a H2 passage 120. Said 02 144 from said 02 source 104 through a 02 passage 122. Said water 148 from a water reservoir 116 through a first water passage 124. Said cooling steam 146 from said heat recovery steam generator 112 through 126.

[00125] Said water 148 of said water reservoir 116 is converted to a pressurized water 150 with said water pump 118. Said combustion chamber 106 is configured to burn said H2 142 and said 02 144 with said pressurized water 150, and or said cooling steam 146.

[00126] Said water reservoir 116 is demineralized.

[00127] Said heat recovery steam generator 112 generates a multi-temperature cooling steams 210. Said multi-temperature cooling steams 210 are delivered from said heat recovery steam generator 112 to said combustion chamber 106 through a one or more cooling steam passages 302. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 further comprises said steam water mixer 202 configured for: receiving a portion of said multi-temperature cooling steams 210 and a pressurized water 150, mixing said multi -temperature cooling steams 210 and said pressurized water 150 to create a mixed steam water 212, and delivering said mixed steam water 212 into said combustion chamber 106 through a mixed steam water passage 308.

[00128] Said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 comprises a multi-stage turbines 208. Said multi-stage turbines 208 comprises a first steam injected gas turbine 108a, a second steam injected gas turbine 108b, and a bypass steam passage 414. Said multi-stage turbines 208 receives said generated steam 152 from said combustion chamber 106 into said first steam injected gas turbine 108a and leaves as reduced steam 412 . The first steam injected gas turbine can be configured to power said load 110. Said multi-stage turbines 208 receives a reheated steam 410 from said combustion chamber 106 through a reheat steam passage 404. Said reheated steam 410 is fed into said second steam injected gas turbine 108b and is converted into a turbine exit steam 164. Said reduced steam 412 is reheated in the combustion chamber 106 into reheated steam, configured to increase a power output of said multi-stage turbines 208 and increase the operating efficiency of said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[00129] For operational flexibility in different configurations and loading conditions, the steam can bypass the re-heater and be injected directly into said second steam injected gas turbine 108b through bypass steam passage 414.

[00130] Said multi-stage turbines 208 reinj ects a portion of said reduced steam 412 into said second steam injected gas turbine 108b through said bypass steam passage 414.

[00131] Said multi-stage turbines 208 comprises a multi-staged, multi turbine configuration.

[00132] Said heat recovery steam generator 112 receives a turbine exit steam 164 through a turbine exit steam passage 130.

[00133] Waste heat from said turbine exit steam 164 from said multi state turbines 208 is hamessed in said heat recovery steam generator 1 12 and used to convert said pressurized water 150 into a cooling steam 146.

[00134] Said heat recovery steam generator 112 is configured to produce a multi-temperature cooling steams 210. Said multi-temperature cooling steams 210 configured to increase heat recovery rate and cycle efficiency of said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[00135] Said multi-temperature cooling steams 210 comprises a low temp cooling steam 146a, a medium temp cooling steam 146b and a high temp cooling steam 146c. a portion of said multi- temperature cooling steams 210 is delivered to said combustion chamber 106 through a one or more cooling steam passages 302. a remaining portion of said multi-temperature cooling steams 210 is delivered to said steam water mixer 202 through a one or more steam to steam water mixer passages 306.

[00136] Said heat recovery steam generator 112 receives a pressurized water 150 and a turbine exit steam 164. Said heat recovery steam generator 112 generates said cooling steam 146 from said pressurized water 150 and heat from said turbine exit steam 164. Said heat recovery steam generator 112 creates a residual steam 154 from said turbine exit steam 164. Said turbine exit steam 164 and said pressurized water 150 do not commingle with each other in said heat recovery steam generator 112.

[00137] Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 comprises a deaerator 114, an unburnt gas vent passage 134, and a water reservoir passage 136. Said deaerator 114 receives a residual steam 154 from said heat recovery steam generator 112 through said residual steam passage 132. Said residual steam 154 comprises condensate. An unburnt gas 162 is released from said deaerator 114 into an atmosphere through said unburnt gas vent passage 134. Said deaerator 114 delivers a portion of said water 148 to a water reservoir 116 through said water reservoir passage 136.

[00138] Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 comprises said water pump 118, a second water passage 140, a first water passage 124 and a water to heat recovery steam generator passage 160. Said water 148 is pumped out of a water reservoir 116 through said second water passage 140 and into said water pump 118. Said water 148 is converted into a pressurized water 150 in said water pump 118.

[00139] Said heat recovery steam generator 112 produces a multi-temperature cooling steams 210. Said water pump 118 comprises a plurality of pumps configured to pump said water 148 into said heat recovery steam generator 112 at a desired pressure.

[00140] Said pressurized water 150 is delivered to said combustion chamber 106 in said first water passage 124 and said heat recovery steam generator 112 in said water to heat recovery steam generator passage 160.

[00141] Said steam water mixer 202 receives a pressurized water 150 from said water pump 118 through a water passage 304 and a multi -temperature cooling steams 210 from said heat recovery steam generator 112 through a one or more steam to steam water mixer passages 306. Said multi- temperature cooling steams 210 and said pressurized water 150 are mixed together by said steam water mixer 202 into a mixed steam water 212. Said steam water mixer 202 mists a portion of said pressurized water 150. Said steam water mixer 202 vaporizes a portion of said pressurized water 150. Said mixed steam water 212 is delivered into said combustion chamber 106 through a mixed steam water passage 308. [00142] a portion of a water to heat recovery steam generator passage 160 and said multi- temperature cooling steams 210 entering said combustion chamber 106 and said steam water mixer 202 are optimized to operate said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 at maximized cycle performance.

[00143] a portion of a water to heat recovery steam generator passage 160 and said multi- temperature cooling steams 210 entering said combustion chamber 106 and said steam water mixer 202 are optimized depending on safe and efficient operation of said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[00144] a portion of a water to heat recovery steam generator passage 160 and said multi- temperature cooling steams 210 entering said combustion chamber 106 and said steam water mixer 202 are optimized depending on operational parameters in said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100.

[00145] Said load 110 comprise a generator select from among an AC generator, a DC generator, a transmission drive, one or more pumps, a one or more compressors, and one or more mechanical rotational loads.

[00146] Said cooling steam 146 from said heat recovery steam generator 112 is replaced with steam from an industrial process, bleed steam from a steam or gas turbine cycle, or by waste heat recovery of an industrial process.

[00147] a steam being generated from another industrial process, comprising an appropriate pressure for said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100, can be used instead of said cooling steam 146 in said combustion chamber 106. A power generation method 500 for producing useful work through a hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 includes following stages, or components:

[00148] A combustion step 502, a steam generation step 504, a driving turbine step 506, a generating power step 508, a generating cooling steam step 510, and a cooling step 512. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 comprises a H2 source 102, a 02 source 104, a combustion chamber 106, a one or more steam injected gas turbines 108, a heat recovery steam generator 112, a water pump 118, and a load 110. Said H2 source 102 provides a H2 142 to said combustion chamber 106. Said 02 source 104 provides a 02 144 to said combustion chamber 106. Said combustion chamber 106 bums portions of said H2 142 and said 02 144. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 burns said H2 142 and said 02 144 at or near stoichiometry in said combustion chamber 106. Said hydrogen hybrid cycle system 100 cools said combustion chamber 106 with a cooling steam 146 and a water 148. Said combustion chamber 106 creates a generated steam 152. Said generated steam 152 turns said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108. Said one or more steam injected gas turbines 108 is coupled with said load 110. [00149] Various changes in the details of the illustrated operational methods are possible without departing from the scope of the following claims. Some embodiments may combine the activities described herein as being separate steps. Similarly, one or more of the described steps may be omitted, depending upon the specific operational environment the method is being implemented in. It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described embodiments may be used in combination with each other. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. In the appended claims, the terms "including" and "in which" are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms "comprising" and "wherein."