What is claimed is:

1 . A germicidal lamp comprising: one or more light sources that predominantly emits wavelengths of ultraviolet (UV) light within the range of 200 nm to 235 nm such that at least 90% of selected microorganisms within a defined treatment area are killed or deactivated; a timer; electrical circuitry; and a housing for the one or more light sources, timer, and electrical circuitry, the housing having a front cover and a back cover that are fastened to each other, one or both of the front cover and back cover including one or more extensions and/or dividers configured to hold the one or more light sources, timer, and electrical circuitry in place.

2. The germicidal lamp of claim 1 , wherein the one or more light sources predominantly emit wavelengths of ultraviolet light within the range of 200 nanometers to 230 nanometers.

3. The germicidal lamp of claim 1 , wherein the one or more light sources include at least one of: a krypton chloride lamp, a krypton bromide lamp, an excimer lamp, a light emitting diode (LED), and a low-pressure, mercury-arc germicidal lamp.

4. The germicidal lamp of claim 1 , wherein at least 99% of the selected microorganisms within the treatment area are killed.

5. A system for eliminating selected microorganisms in a defined treatment area, comprising: exposing the treatment area to one or more light sources that only emits wavelengths of ultraviolet (UV) light within the range of 200 nm to 230 nm for a selected period such that at least a 90% of selected microorganisms in the treatment area are killed or inactivated.

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6. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more light sources includes one or more of: a krypton chloride lamp, a krypton bromide lamp, an excimer lamp, a light emitting diode (LED), and a low-pressure, mercury-arc germicidal lamp.

7. The system of claim 5, wherein at least 99% of the selected microorganisms within the treatment area are killed.

8. A method of disinfecting comprising exposing a treatment area to one or more light sources that only emits wavelengths of ultraviolet (UV) light within the range of 200 nm to 230 nm such that at least 90% of microorganisms on the surface are killed.

9. An ultraviolet luminaire, comprising: a housing, including a front housing defining an aperture and a back housing, the front and back housings being configured to contain electrical components of an ultraviolet luminaire; at least one mounting point operatively coupled to the back housing; and an ultraviolet emitter mounted within the housing and configured to project, through the aperture defined in the front housing, ultraviolet light energy between 200 and 235 nanometers wavelength.

10. The ultraviolet luminaire of claim 9, wherein the ultraviolet emitter is configured to project ultraviolet light energy between 200 and 230 nanometers wavelength.

11 . The ultraviolet luminaire of claim 9, wherein the at least one mounting point includes a plurality of mounting points.

12. The ultraviolet luminaire of claim 9, wherein the at least one mounting point includes a drop ceiling grid clip configured to clip onto an element of a drop ceiling grid to couple the housing to a drop ceiling .

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13. The ultraviolet luminaire of claim 9, wherein the at least one mounting point includes a hook-and-loop fastener.

14. The ultraviolet luminaire of claim 9, wherein the at least one mounting point includes a tapped hole for receiving a inch by 20 speaker mounting bracket.

15. The ultraviolet luminaire of claim 9, wherein the at least one mounting point includes a keyhole mounting point for mounting the ultraviolet luminaire.

16. An ultraviolet luminaire, comprising: a housing including a front housing and a back housing, the front and back housings being configured to contain electrical components of an ultraviolet luminaire; an ultraviolet emitter positioned within the housing; an electronic controller contained by the housing; a light shield, formed in one or both of the front housing and back housing and configured to substantially prevent heat and ultraviolet light produced by the ultraviolet emitter from reaching the electronic controller,.

17. A germicidal lamp system configured to output ultraviolet illumination into a defined treatment area at least intermittently occupied by one or more humans, comprising: a light emitter configured to output ultraviolet light into a defined treatment area; a sensor configured to detect the presence of a human in the defined treatment area; and an electrical controller operatively coupled to the light emitter and the sensor, and configured to control the light emitter responsive to a signal from the sensor indicating the presence of a human in the treatment area.

18. The lamp system of claim 17, further comprising a power switch or operatively coupled to the electrical controller and formed as a portion of the electrical controller or accessible to a user from outside the housing.

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19. The lamp system of claim 18, wherein the power switch includes a momentary switch via which a data signal to the electrical controller initiates a power up of the electrical controller.

20. The lamp system of claim 18, wherein the power switch is configured prevent a data signal to the electrical controller from powering up the electrical controller while the power switch is switched off.

21 . The lamp system of claim 18, wherein the power switch is configured to prevent the electrical controller from energizing the ultraviolet emitter when the power switch is switched off.

22. The lamp system of claim 17, wherein the sensor includes one or more of: an ultrasonic sensor, an infrared sensor, an optical sensor, and an RFID sensor.

23. The lamp system of claim 17, wherein the electrical controller is configured, while a signal from the sensor indicates the presence of a human in the treatment area, to control the light emitter to operate in a safe mode.

24. The lamp system of claim 23 wherein operation in the safe mode includes one or more of: operating at a reduced intensity, operating within one or more selected wavelength ranges, and/or limiting a maximum duration of operation in the safe mode over a selected time period.

25. The lamp system of claim 17, wherein the sensor is configured to identify specific humans in the treatment area.

26. The lamp system of claim 25, wherein the electrical controller is configured to control the light emitter to output ultraviolet UV-C illumination while the sensor indicates

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AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) the presence of a human in the treatment area, and to expose no individual human to more than an exposure limit per day of said illumination.

27. The lamp system of claim 17, wherein the electrical controller is configured to control the light emitter to output ultraviolet illumination only between 200 nanometers and 235 nanometers wavelength while a signal from the sensor indicates the presence of at least one human in the treatment area.

28. The lamp system of claim 17, wherein the electrical controller is configured to control the light emitter to output ultraviolet illumination only between 200 nanometers and 230 nanometers wavelength while a signal from the sensor indicates the presence of at least one human in the treatment area.

29. The lamp system of claim 17, wherein the electrical controller is configured to control the light emitter to output ultraviolet illumination between 200 nanometers and 280 nanometers wavelength while no human is detected in the treatment area.

30. The lamp system of claim 17, wherein the light emitter includes a first light emitter configured to output ultraviolet illumination between 200 nanometers and 230 or 235 nanometers wavelength and a second light emitter configured to output ultraviolet illumination between nanometers and nanometers wavelength; and wherein the electrical controller is configured to control the second light emitter to shut down while a signal from the sensor indicates the presence of at least one human in the treatment area.

31 . The lamp system of claim 17, further comprising: a wavelength filter configured to block selected wavelengths of ultraviolet light and further configured to be selectively interposed between the ultraviolet light emitter and the treatment area; and an actuator operatively coupled to the wavelength filter and to the electrical controller; and

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AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) wherein the electrical controller is configured to control the actuator to interpose the wavelength filter between the ultraviolet light emitter and the treatment area while a signal from the sensor indicates the presence of at least one human in the treatment area.

32. The lamp system of claim 31 , wherein the wavelength filter is configured to block ultraviolet light between 231 nanometers and 280 nanometers wavelength.

33. The lamp system of claim 32, wherein the wavelength filter is configured to block ultraviolet light between 236 nanometers and 280 nanometers wavelength.

34. The lamp system of claim 31 , wherein the wavelength filter comprises a dielectric stack filter.

35. The lamp system of claim 31 , wherein the wavelength filter includes a band-pass filter.

36. The lamp system of claim 31 , wherein the wavelength filter includes a long- wavelength blocking filter.

37. The lamp system of claim 31 , comprising: a housing in which the light emitter, the electrical controller, and the wavelength filter are positioned: and wherein the actuator comprises: a motor operatively coupled to the electrical controller; and a linkage operatively coupled to the motor; a rack captured by grooves formed in the housing and operatively coupled to the motor, via the rack; and wherein the controller is configured to control the motor to cause the rack to slide between the ultraviolet light emitter and the treatment area while a signal from the sensor indicates the presence of a human in the treatment area and to cause the rack

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AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) to slide away from the ultraviolet light emitter for at least a portion of time while a human is not detected in the treatment area.

38. A portable germicidal lamp system, comprising: a housing; a UV-C light source disposed in the housing and configured to output ultraviolet light into a space at least intermittently occupied by one or more persons; power supply configured to provide AC waveform to the UV-C light source; and an exposed interface configured to receive actuation to couple the power supply to the UV-C light source.

39. The portable germicidal lamp system of claim 38, further comprising: a controller configured to control coupling of the power supply to the UV-C light source and operatively coupled to the exposed interface.

40. The portable germicidal lamp system of claim 39, wherein the exposed interface includes an on-off switch disposed substantially coincident with an exterior surface of the housing.

41 . The portable germicidal lamp system of claim 39, wherein the controller includes a digital communications interface; and wherein the exposed interface incudes the digital communications interface.

42. The portable germicidal lamp system of claim 41 , wherein the digital communications interface is configured to receive at least “on” and “off’ commands from a remote device.

43. The portable germicidal lamp system of claim 38, further comprising: a support mechanism configured to temporarily support the germicidal lamp system to illuminate the space 110.

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44. The portable germicidal lamp system of claim 38, wherein the power supply includes a power cord configured to be plugged into an AC socket.

45. The portable germicidal lamp system of claim 38, wherein the power supply includes a battery.

46. An auto-ranging UV-C source, comprising: a housing; an excimer light source disposed in the housing and configured to output UV-C light to kill pathogens in an exposure space having a centerline and extending away from the housing; an electronic controller disposed at least partially in the housing and operatively coupled to the excimer light source; and a distance sensor operatively coupled to or integrated with the electronic controller, the distance sensor being aligned to the centerline of the exposure space and configured to measure one or more distances from the housing to a surface bounding the exposure space, a person in the exposure space; or to the surface and the person; wherein the electronic controller is configured to receive data corresponding to the one or more distances from the distance sensor and to control the excimer light source to control a UV-C power intensity according to a pre-determined exposure limit at the person, the surface, or the person and the surface.

47. The auto-ranging UV-C source of claim 46, wherein the distance sensor comprises an ultrasonic distance sensor.

48. The auto-ranging UV-C source of claim 46, wherein the distance sensor comprises a LiDAR distance sensor.

49. The auto-ranging UV-C source of claim 46, wherein the distance sensor comprises an infrared or visible light distance sensor.

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50. The auto-ranging UV-C source of claim 46, wherein the excimer light source includes an actuated UV-C filter configured to selectively attenuate or occlude UV-C light from the excimer light source; and wherein the electronic controller is configured to actuate the UV-C filter to attenuate the UV-C light to meet the exposure limit.

51 . The auto-ranging UV-C source of claim 46, wherein the excimer light source includes selectively energized krypton-halogen emission tubes; and wherein the electronic controller is configured to selectively energize the kryptonhalogen emission tubes to meet the exposure limit.

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