The present invention relates to sheet handling and counting apparatus and, more specifically, to novel sheet handling and counting apparatus in which the acceleration means provided to facilitate sheet counting utilizes elongated closed loop belt means to permit the handling and counting of sheets whose lengths extend over a relatively broad range to provide some pre-acceleration and to avoid the need for increase in the size of the feed rollers, to avoid damage to sheets and to provide quieter operation.

Mechanization of document handling and counting activities is a field which has developed to a very considerable degree. Apparatus is presently available to handle, count and stack sheets, such as paper currency, checks, food stamps, and the like, at relatively high speeds. Such apparatus . is described in U.S. Patent No. 3,771,783. This mechanized apparatus typically utilizes cooperating feed and stripper means forming a nip through which sheets pass, the feed and stripper means cooperating to assure the feeding of sheets in single-file fashion toward an outfeed location. Acceleration means positioned a spaced distance downstream of the cooperating feed and stripper means provides an acceleration nip through which sheets pass. The purpose of abruptly accelerating

sheets is to form gaps between adjacent sheets, which gaps are useful for counting the sheets.

The arrangement shown in aforesaid U.S. Patent No. 3,771,783, issued November 13, 1973, in which the accel- eration nip is separated from the feed and stripper nip, but with no positive drive means being provided therebetween, creates the disadvantage that curled or damaged sheets may undergo additional curling or creasing in this "free-fall" region, lead to the devel- opment of the document handling and counting apparatus described in Application Serial Number 288,646, filed in the United States Patent Office on July 30, 1981, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention, which discloses feed rollers mounted on a common axis with an acceleration idler, cooperating with an acceler¬ ation roller which forms an acceleration • nip with the acceleration idler to abruptly accelerate sheets as they pass through the acceleration nip, whereby sheets moving between the nip formed by the feed roller and stripper assemblies and the acceleration nip are always positively driven by the feed rollers moving toward the acceleration nip to prevent the type of damage which might occur in the apparatus described in U.S. Patent No. 3,771,783 from occuring through the use of apparatus described in application serial number 288,646.

The present invention is an improvement upon the apparatus of Application Serial Number 288,646, in which sheets having lengths varying over a signifi- cantly larger dimensional range are accommodated without the necessity for increasing the size of the

feed roller, and in which positive drive is provided for sheets moving between the nip formed by the feed rollers and stripper assemblies and the acceleration nips formed between the acceleration roller and accel- 5 eration idler, said positive drive imparting some pre-acceleration to sheets prior to their arrival at the acceleration nips.

The present invention is characterized by compri- 10 sing a plurality of feed rollers and acceleration driven rollers mounted for rotating about a common axis, the acceleration driven rollers being free-wheelingly mounted to permit their rotation inde¬ pendently and at a rotating speed different from that -5 of the feed rollers. Stripper assemblies each cooperate with an associated feed roller to form a feed/stripper nip through which sheets pass for the purpose of assuring that those sheets passing beyond said feed/stripper nip are fed in single-file fashion. 20 Acceleration drive rollers are mounted upon a.second common axis arranged in spaced parallel fashion with said first common axis and impart drive to the aforemen¬ tioned free-wheelingly mounted acceleration driven rollers through resilient, closed loop 0-ring belts. * ^• - ^> Resiliently mounted acceleration idlers cooperate with each of the aforesaid acceleration drive rollers forming acceleration nips which cooperate to grasp a sheet fed thereto, acceleration of the sheet providing separation between adjacent sheets for counting 0 purposes, as well as for rapidly directing accelerated sheets toward an output stacker for collection thereof.

A stationary guide cooperates with the feed rollers and 0-rings extending toward the aforesaid

feed/stripper nips and the acceleration nips and cooperate with the feed rollers and 0-ring belts to guide sheets toward the acceleration nips. The sheets experience some engagement with the 0-ring belts, and have some acceleration imparted thereto before entering the acceleration nips to reduce the abruptness of the acceleration action upon sheets occurring in the kind described in co-pending U.S. Application Serial No. 288,646, thereby significantly reducing the abrupt acceleration imparted to sheets, which significantly reduces the noise generated by the apparatus and further reduces the possibility of imparting damage to sheets being handled and counted.

It is, therefore, one object of the present invention to provide a novel sheet handling and counting apparatus in which sheets moving between the feed/stripper nip formed by cooperating feeding and stripping apparatus toward an acceleration nip experi¬ ences positive drive through action of either one of said feed means or said acceleration means, or both, as the sheet moves through the said intermediate region. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a novel apparatus for handling and counting sheets and comprising closed loop acceleration belts extending from the region of said feed means to a position downstream of said feed means, where said belts cooperate with aceeleration idlers, whereby said belts at le-ast partially provide some pre-acceleration to sheets prior to entering said acceleration nip.

The above, as well as other objects of the present invention, will become apparent when reading the

accompanying description and drawing in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a sheet handling and counting apparatus embodying the princi¬ ples of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows an elevational view of the handling and counting apparatus of Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a simplified view of the power train of the apparatus of Figures 1 and 2.

Figure 4 shows a detailed view of a stripper/feed wheel arrangements

Figure 1 shows a sheet handling and counting apparatus 10 embodying the principles of the present invention and comprising a housing 12 for enclosing the sheet handling and counting mechansim between generally triangular-shaped side walls 14 and 16, rear wall 18 and inclined front surface 20. The front end of apparatus 10 is provided with a control panel 22, having a display 24 and control pushbuttons 26a, 26b and 28, a bank of buttons 30 comprising a decimal key set 32 for the decimal digits "0" through "9", further including suspect document button' 34, batch button 36 and also includes start/enter button 38, stop button 40 and on/off switch 42.

The control panel display 24 is of the liquid crystal type, in which a cummulative count of the total number of sheets counted is displayed at 22a, the size of a batch is displayed at 22b (in the event that a batching operation is being performed); a display por¬ tion 22c indicates the type of error which has occurred, causing the apparatus to halt the operation; a density display at portion 22d indicates the density or thickness of sheets being counted. The density

adjustment, i.e. , greater or smaller density, is respec¬ tively made by operating the density adjustment but¬ tons 26a and 26b.

Decimal key set 32 permits the operator to select 5 the size of the batch to be accumulated when performing batching operations. Button 36 is depressed to place the apparatus 10 in the batching mode. In the event that it is desired to perform a test to detect the presence of "suspect" (i.e. , counterfeit) bills, button

10 34 is depressed.

The start-enter button 38 permits a manual start of the apparatus 10. Stop button 40, when depressed, halts operation of the apparatus 10, regardless of the operating mode.

15 The front end 20 of the apparatus 10 is further provided with an in-feed and input stacker portion 44 for receiving a stack of sheets to be counted. The sheets move through the apparatus10, and after being handled and counted, are neatly . stacked in output

2-0 stacker 120.

The mechanism utilized for handling, counting and stacking sheets will now be explained in more detail in conjunction with Figures 1-3. Noting especially Figure 2, the input stacker 44 is comprised of an inclined

2.5 supporting surface 46, which supports the stack of sheets. Rear supporting surface 48b provided at the lower end of surface 48a engages the leading edges of a stack of sheets and serves to "fan" the stack of sheets to facilitate the feeding operation. The leading edges

30 of the bottom-most group of sheets move toward a nip N^, defined by a pair of stripper assemblies 50, 52 which cooperate with a pair of feed rollers 54, 56

(note also Fig. 3), mounted upon a common shaft 58. The feed rollers 54 and 56 each have a central recess 54a-56a into which the stripper members 50, 52 at least partially extend, as shown best in Fig. 3. The curvature of each stripper member as represented by the curved portion 50a shown in Fig. 2, cooperates with its associated feed roller 54, 56 to define a tapering "throat", which serves as a means to guide each sheet into the feed/stripper nip N^, formed between each stripper member 50 and 52 and its associated feed roller 54, 56 to define an elongated nip region N,a, defined by the conforming curvatures of the stripper members 50, 52 and their cooperating feed rollers 54 and 56.

Sheets placed upon support 46 are initially driven toward nip N, by means of a pair of eccentric jogging rollers 60, 62 mounted upon common shaft 64. The jogging rollers regularly and periodically extend upwardly through slots 46a and 46b in support plate 46 to "jog" the stack of sheets and to feed the bottom sheet in the stack toward the nip N, .

The stripper members 50, 52 are mounted upon arm 61, which is swingably mounted upon shaft 61a within apparatus 10. Arm 61 is provided with a pin 61b, which is releasably secured to a locking spring 65, swingably mounted within the housing of apparatus 10 for selectively locking arm 61 in position. When arm 61 is unlocked by rotating spring 65 as shown by arrow 89, it may be swung counterclockwise, as shown by arrow 67, to facilitate maintenance and inspection of the apparatus.

Each arm 61 supporting a stripper member 50, 52, further cooperatively supports a curved elongated guide

plate 66, 66' (see also Fig. 3), having an upper portion 66a positioned between said stripper members 50 and 52 and curving about the rear-ward portion of the feed wheels 54 and 56, and having a relatively straight 5 portion 66b extending beneath the feed wheels and toward three acceleration drive rollers 68, 70 and 72 (see Fig 3). The acceleration drive rollers 68, 70 and 72 are mounted for rotation upon common shaft 74, as will be more fully described. Acceleration rollers 68

10 and 72 are each provided with a single closed loop 0-ring 76 and 78, respectively entrained about accelera¬ tion drive rollers 68 and 72 and further entrained about driven acceleration rollers 80 and 82. Accelera¬ tion drive roller 70 cooperates with a third

15. acceleration driven roller 84 to drive driven roller 84 through a pair of 0-rings 86, 88 entrained about rollers 70 and 84, respectively, shown best in Fig. 3.

Acceleration driven rollers 80, 82 and 84 are mounted for rotation about common shaft 58 and are 0 free-wheelingly mounted upon shaft 58, so as to rotate independently of shaft 58 and feed rollers 54 and 56 and, in addition to being independently rotatable, are further capable of rotating at a faster rpm than feed rollers 54 and 56. 5 Each of the acceleration drive rollers, 68, 70 and

72, cooperate with acceleration idlers 90-96, rollers 68 and 72 cooperating with idlers 90 and 92, and roller 70 cooperating with idler rollers 94 and 96, as shown best in Fig. 3. Each of the acceleration idlers is 0 resiliently mounted by means of an L-shaped leaf spring 98, secured at one end to a mounting bracket 100 and secured at the opposite end to a mounting assembly, such as, for example, the mounting assembly 90a, for

acceleration idler 90. Each of the idlers 90-96 rollingly engages in associated 0-ring 76, 78, 86 and 88, respectively, as shown best in Fig. 3. Each of these cooperating idlers and 0-rings define an accelera- 5 tion nip N~ through which a sheet passes as it moves toward the outfeed location, to be more fully described. The acceleration nips N ₂ cause sheets entering said nips to be abruptly accelerated, forming a gap between the accelerated sheet and the next sheet to 10 enter the acceleration nips ₂ , which gap is useful for counting purposes, as is well-known. For example, a light-emitting device LED and a sensor S are positioned in the region of said acceleration nips «, and on opposite sides of the path along which sheets move. As -5 a sheet moves between source LED and sensor S, the amount of light reaching the sensor is diminished. As soon as the gap moves across this region, the light intensity abruptly increases and remains high until the leading edge of the next sheet moves between the light 0 source LED and the sensor S. This difference in light intensity is utilized for counting purposes, as is well-known.

Accelerated sheets are thereafter advanced along guide plate 110 where they enter into the gap 116 -5 between a pair of adjacent flexible resilient fingers (114) of the stacker wheel assemblies (112, 112'). The leading edge of a sheet, such as for example, sheet S' , shown in Figure 2, strikes the surface of a plate 118, which serves as a stripping plate for stripping sheet S ¹ from the stacker wheels 112, 112', and depositing sheet S' within an output stacker 120, comprising a base plate 122 and an upright end plate 124, having a

cut-away center region 124a to facilitate gripping of a stack of sheets collected in the output stacker. To accommodate a growing stack of sheets, the output stacker 120 is slidably mounted and urged by a suitable biasing spring (not shown) toward the stacker wheel assemblies 112, 112'. As a stack of sheets is accumu¬ lated in the output stacker 120, the output stacker 120 is movable against the aforementioned biasing force, and may ultimately occupy the dotted line position 120'. Once a stack of sheets is lifted out of the output stacker 120, the output stacker will return to the solid line position 120.

Figure 3 shows the drive train for the apparatus 10 of Figures 1 and 2, and comprises motor M having a pulley 134 mounted on its output shaft 132. A driven pulley 136 mounted upon shaft 74 is driven by pulley 134 through a pair ^' of 0-rings 135 Thus, whenever motor M is on, pulley 136, shaft- 74 and hence, pulleys 68, 70 and 72 are rotating. A pulley 138 and timing gear 140 are also mounted upon shaft 74. Timing gear 140 cooperates with sensor S ₂ for timing purposes.

A pulley 142 mounted upon shaft 144 is driven by pulley 138 through a pair of 0-rings 146. The gear 148 is also mounted upon shaft 144 and meshes with gear 150 mounted upon shaft 152. Stacker wheel assemblies 112 and 112' are mounted for rotation upon common shaft 152.

An electromagnetic clutch assembly 154 is mounted upon shaft 74 and selectively couples rotational drive to pulley 156. Pulley 156 drives pulley 158, mounted upon shaft 58, through timing belt 160.

An electromagnetic brake 162 is mounted at the opposite end of shaft 58, together with pulley 164,

which drives pulley 166 mounted upon shaft 64 through timing belt 168.

The operation of the drive train is as follows:

As long as motor M is turned on, pulleys 68, 70 and 72 and stacker wheel assemblies 112 and 112' are constantly being rotated. During normal sheet handling and counting, clutch 154 is engaged to couple drive through shaft 74 to pulley 156, providing for the rotation of feed wheels 54 and 56. At this time, electromagnetic brake 162 is off, enabling the rotation of shaft 58 and further permitting rotation of the eccentric jogging wheels 60 and 62.

It should be kept in mind that free-wheeling accel¬ eration rollers 80, 82 and 84 do not rotate, due to the rotation of shaft 58, but rotate under control of the acceleration drive rollers 68, 72 and 70, respectively, being coupled thereto through 0-rings 76, 78 and 86-88, respectively.

When it is desired to abruptly halt document handling and counting, clutch 154 is operated to disen¬ gage pulley 156 from shaft 74.

Substantially simultaneously therewith, electro¬ magnetic brake 162 is activated causing rotation of feed wheels 54 and 56, and jogging wheels 60 and 62 to be abruptly halted. Rotation of the acceleration drive rollers, 68 70 and 72, and driven rollers 80, 82 and 84, as well as acceleration idlers 90-96 and stacker wheel assemblies 112 and 112' continue, to ensure that any sheet which entered the acceleration nips N ₂ prior to abrupt halting of the feed rollers, will be fed through the acceleration nips _2. and the stacker wheel assemblies 112, 112' to be delivered to the output stacker assembly 120.

Operation of the apparatus of Figures 1-3 is as follows:

By placing on/off switch 42 in the on position, the equipment is turned on. However, the motor M is not turned on until at least one sheet is placed in the input stacker 44. The input stacker 44 is provided with sensing means comprising a light source 132 and sensor 130, which senses the presence of at least one sheet to cause the motor M to be automatically turned on. In addition thereto, electromagnetic clutch 154 is operated to couple power from shaft 74 to pulley 156. Brake 162 is turned off at this time, to permit feed rollers 54 and 56 and jogging rollers 60 and 62 to be rotated. The jogging rollers 60, 62, in addition to jogging or loosening the stack of sheets, move the bottom sheet toward the feeding and ' stripping nip N., . The nature of the relative co-efficents of friction of feed wheels 54 and 56 and stripper shoes 50 and 52 are such that the dominant influence of the sheet passing there¬ between is exerted on the sheet by the feed wheels 54 and 56, causing the sheet to be fed into the forward feed direction and through a curved path defined by feed wheels 54 and 56 and guide plates 66, 66' and toward the acceleration drive rollers 68, 70 and 72.

As is well known, in the event that two or more sheets move into the feed/stripper nip N.,, the bottom sheet will be fed in the forward feed direction, while the remaining sheet or sheets will be restrained from moving in the forward feed direction by the stripper members 50, 52, thereby assuring the feeding of- single sheets in the forward feed direction.

As a leading edge of a sheet passes beyond the stripper members 50, 52, it is guided about the feed rollers 54, 56 and acceleration driven rollers 80, 82 and 84, by means of the aforementioned pair of curved guide plates 66, 66', each being secured to one of the swingable arms 62. Although the guideway defined by the 0-rings 76, 78, 86 and 88 and the curved guide plates 66, 66' is greater than the thickness of a single sheet, the sheet will nevertheless experience some engagement with one or more of the 0-rings 76, 78, 86 and 88, which are moving at a linear speed controlled by the acceleration drive rollers 68, 70 and 72, causing a gradual increase in the velocity of the sheet as it moves through the guideway toward the accelera- tion nip N ₂ .

Depending upon the length of the sheets being run, the trailing portion of a sheet may still be passing through the feeding/stripping nips N- as its leading edge enters into the acceleration nips ₂ . Under these circumstances, some slippage occurs between the accel¬ eration 0-rings 76, 78, 86, 88 and the associated pinch rollers 90, 92, 94 and 96, due to the resilient mounting of the rollers 90-96, in order to prevent sheets from being damaged or torn. As soon as the trailing portion of the sheet moves free of the feeding/stripping nip N.,, the sheet will then be abruptly accelerated to move at a linear velocity substantially equal to that of the accelera¬ tion 0-rings 76, 78, 86 and 88. Sheets reaching the aforementioned increase in velocity are directed toward the stacker wheel assem¬ blies 112, 112', which engage the last sheet delivered

to the output stacker 120 to aid in the neat and compact stacking of sheets within the output stacker 120.

As the trailing edge of each accelerated sheet passes beyond the position of the light source LED and the light sensor S, the light-reaching sensor S abruptly increases to provide a signal utilized for counting purposes.

In order to prevent sheets whose leading edges have yet to reach the acceleration nips N ₂ from being erroneously driven into the output stacker 120, resilient leaf springs, such as, for example, leaf spring 180, are provided. The leaf spring 180 has its mounting portion 182 secured to plate 66 and has its free end portion 184 extending at least partially into the recess 54a of feed roller 54, in a manner similar to the stripper- members 50, 52, shown in Fig. 3.

Assuming that rotation of the feed 54, 56 or jogging rollers 60, 62 is abruptly halted in the manner previously described by operation of electro¬ magnetic clutch 154 and electromagnetic brake 162, before the leading edge of a sheet reaches the accelera¬ tion nips N ₂ , the abrupt rotation of the feed rollers 54, 56 acts in cooperation with the leaf springs 180 as a braking means, to abruptly halt movement of the sheet passing therebetween, so that this sheet will not reach the acceleration nips and thereby be erroneously delivered to the output stacker 120, thereby developing an incorrect count.

In order to facilitate the feeding of light fluffy sheets and/or sheets having a permanent curl or curva¬ ture, the apparatus 10, as shown in Figure 2, is

-^TRl i OMPI W _s . ΪPO

further provided with a swingably mounted roller assembly 190, comprised of a roller i92 which is positioned immediately above the centrally located acceleration roller 84. Light, fluffy sheets engage roller 190, which lightly urges the leading edge of such a sheet toward the 0-rings 86, 88 imparting some forward feeding to the sheet just prior to its entry into the stripping/feeding nip N-, as can clearly been seen from a consideration of Figure 2. The loose, swingable mounting of roller assembly 190 permits the assembly to be driven upwardly by stiffer sheets, since the only biasing force imparted to the roller is the force of gravity.

In order to be assured that the sheets are handled and fed properly, sheets measured in the forward feed direction must have a dimension which is at least as great as the distance between the acceleration nips N ₂ and the position where the leaf springs 180 grip the trailing portion of the sheet. In one practical embodi- ent, this dimension is of the order of 2.0 inches. Since the apparatus 10 of the present invention is quite frequently used for purposes of handling and counting paper currency, this lower limit dimension presents no problem, since U.S. currency has a dimen- sion of the order of 2.5 inches in the feed direction, the standard dimension of U.S. currency being width - 2.5 inches and length - 6 inches. Sheets of up to four inches measured in the feed direction can be accommo¬ dated with the apparatus as shown without changing any of the existing equipment.

Figure 4 shows a detailed view of one of the acceleration drive rollers 68 and its cooperating pinch roller 90. Roller 68 is provided with a semi-circular

groove 68a for receiving 0-ring 76, groove 68a having a radius of curvature greater than the radius of 0-ring 76. Pinch roller 90 is provided with a substantially square-shaped recess 90a for receiving a plastic and, preferably, urethane tire 91, whose exposed surface 91a engages 0-ring 76. The recess 68a is provided with a larger radius of curvature to provide proper seating of 0-ring 76 and to accommodate the irregularities in the 0-ring during the feeding operation to provide more uniform feeding.

A latitude of modification, change and substi¬ tution is intended in the foregoing disclosure, and in some instances, some features of the invention will be employed without a corresponding use of other features. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claims be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the spirit and scope of the invention herein.