IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO BULK MATERIAL TRANSPORT

CONTAINERS

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Aspects of the present invention described herein relate to the field of bulk material transport containers.

BACKGROUND ART

[0002] The following discussion of the background art is intended to facilitate an understanding of the present invention only. The discussion is not an acknowledgement or admission that any of the material referred to is or was part of the common general knowledge as at the priority date of the application.

[0003] Each document, reference, patent application or patent cited in this text is expressly incorporated herein in their entirety by reference, which means that it should be read and considered by the reader as part of this text. That the document, reference, patent application or patent cited in this text is not repeated in this text is merely for reasons of conciseness.

[0004] Different types of transport container configurations are developed for carrying different types of payload, examples of which may include, bulk materia! such as particulate material, sand gravel aggregate, plastic pellets, grains, ores, coal or other granular material.

[0005] As one example, rail wagons embody bulk material transport containers which are designed with different types of loading/unloading arrangements in mind. For instance, some rail wagons are designed having an open upper region through which material is loaded and unloaded. An example of such an arrangement is a rotary tipper in which loading and unloading of bulk material is by way of its open top. With this configuration, unloading is affected by physically rotating the wagon unit so that the loaded material discharges from the open top region of the wagon's container region by way of gravity. Other examples of bulk material transport containers include those carried by trailer/haulage units on road ways. [0006] Another form of particulate rail wagon is the bottom discharging type or hopper style container configuration. In such configurations, material is loaded into the container through an open top region, but unloading is provided for by gates or doors arranged in the base of the container which open to discharge the carried material. In some environments, unloading of the bulk material can occur while moving (ie. rolling discharge). While containers of the bottom discharge type tend to have a number of advantageous characteristics over other container configurations, improvements in operational efficiency and reliability are always sought.

[0007] It is against this background that aspects of the present invention described herein been developed.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

[0008] According to a first principal aspect, there is provided an apparatus for operating a closure assembly carried by a container configured for transporting bulk material, the closure assembly having more than one closure elements and arranged operable for allowing discharge of the material from the container when the closure assembly is operable to or toward an open condition, the apparatus configured so as to be operabiy associated with one of the closure elements and arranged operable for moving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to or toward a closed condition.

[0009] According to a second principal aspect, there is provided an apparatus for operating a closure assembly carried by a container configured for transporting bulk material, the closure assembly having more than one closure elements and arranged operable for allowing discharge of the material from the container when the closure assembly is operable to or toward an open condition, the closure assembly operable by way of drive provided by an actuator, the apparatus comprising: a follower assembly operabiy associated with one of the closure elements and configured operable with the actuator for moving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to or toward a closed condition. [0010] According to a third principal aspect, there is provided an apparatus for operating a closure assembly carried by a container configured for transporting bulk material, the closure assembly having more than one closure elements and arranged operable for allowing discharge of the material from the container when the closure assembly is operable to or toward an open condition, the apparatus comprising: an actuator for providing drive; and a follower assembly operably associated with one of the closure elements and configured operable with the actuator for moving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to or toward a closed condition.

[001 1] Embodiments of the above principal aspects, and those described below, may incorporate any of the following features:

[0012] Embodiments described herein are drawn for use with bulk materials. It will be understood that the term bulk material is intended to describe, non-exhaustively, generally dry materials such as ores (eg. iron ore), coal, cereals, wood chips, sand, gravel and stone in loose bulk form. It will also be appreciated that bulk material could also include mixed wastes. Thus, the skilled reader will appreciate that the material which could benefit from the aspects described herein would be any generally dry loose particulate type material capable of transportation in bulk form.

[0013] It will be appreciated that the follower assembly may comprise one or more parts/components that receive motion from another component, in one embodiment, motion transferred to the follower assembly is by way of the actuator configured for providing drive thereto.

[0014] In one embodiment, the follower assembly is arranged operable with the actuator for moving the closure elements to or toward either of the open condition or the closed condition in a substantially synchronous manner.

[0015] In one embodiment, the or each closure assembly is provided at or near the base of the container.

[0016] In one embodiment, the container is configured for transport by rail, in such arrangements, the container may be arranged as a hopper style wagon or a self- discharging wagon in which one or more closure assemblies are associated with the base of the container so that opening of the closure assembly allows for the discharge of bulk materia! under the influence of gravity.

[0017] In another embodiment, the bulk material is iron ore.

[0018] In a further embodiment, the container is embodied as a self-discharging wagon configured for transporting iron ore.

[0019] In one embodiment, the follower assembly is configured so as to be operably supported by one of the closure elements. In such embodiments, the follower assembly is operably supported by the relevant closure element on an external side of the closure element. In this manner, the follower assembly is operably supported along the underside of the relevant closure element.

[0020] In one embodiment, the container comprises two side wall and two end walls defining a region capable of carrying bulk material for transportation purposes. The side/end walls may include an appropriate reinforcing assembly or structure so as to afford sufficient structural strength and rigidity as might be required.

[0021] In one embodiment, the container is configured for transport by road. In such arrangements, the container may be configured for transport on a trailer unit for towage/haulage behind an appropriate towing vehicle. Preferably, the means by why which the container is transported is configured so as to substantially exploit the benefits of the closure assembly being associated with the base of the container.

[0022] In another embodiment, the container is configured as a hopper style container arranged for discharging bulk material carried by the container through one or more discharge regions provided at or near the base of the container, the or each discharge regions associated with a respective closure assembly.

[0023] For the case where the container is configured as a hopper style container, each discharge region is associated with a respective closure assembly so that discharge and retention of the bulk material carried by the container can be selectively controlled. For example, in one arrangement, the container is configured comprising two discharge regions associated with the base of the container: a first discharge region arranged in operable association with a first closure assembly, and a second discharge region arranged in operable association with a second closure assembly.

[0024] in another embodiment, the closure assembly is arranged so as to be movable to or toward open and closed conditions: the closed condition arranged allowing bulk material to be contained or held within the container for transportation purposes; the open condition configured allowing bulk material to be discharged or unloaded from the container.

[0025] In one embodiment, the closure elements of the or each closure assembly are arranged so that the open condition aligns substantially with one or more conveyor belt assemblies provided at an unloading location so that bulk material is distributed substantially to the or each conveyor belt assembly during unloading,

[0026] In one arrangement, unloading of the container is by way of rolling discharge type arrangement.

[0027] In one embodiment, the closure assembly comprises a first closure element and second closure element, the first and second closure elements configured so as to be rotatably mounted to a region of the container. In one arrangement, the first and second closure elements are rotatably mounted to the container at or near its base. In other arrangements, the first and second closure elements are rotatably mounted to a support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container.

[0028] The means for rotatably mounting the first and the second closure elements to the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container) assembly may be provided in the form of, for example, bearing assemblies appropriate for the case at hand.

[0029] The first and the second closure elements may be constructed from steel or any other material appropriate for the case at hand.

[0030] In another embodiment, the first and the second closure elements are configured so as to be substantially symmetrical about a longitudinal axis of the container. In another embodiment, the first and the second closure elements are configured so as to be operable about the longitudinal axis of the container in a manner in which the first and second closure elements move (for example, by way of relative rotation) toward one another when driven to or toward the closed condition and move away from each other when driven to or toward the open condition.

[0031] In one embodiment, the first and second closure elements are configured so as to substantially face toward one another. In such arrangements, the first and second closure elements are configured operable so as to move or rotate toward one another when being driven to or toward the closed condition. In another arrangement, the first and second closure elements are configured operable so as to move or rotate away from each other when being driven to or toward the open condition.

[0032] in one embodiment, the movement of the first and the second closure element is rotational movement about their respective mount points with the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container).

[0033] In another embodiment, the first and second closure elements are arranged relative the container such that their longest dimension is aligned substantially with the longitudinal axis of the container.

[0034] In another embodiment, the first and second closure elements each comprise a leading edge, in one embodiment, the leading edge of the first and second closure elements are arranged to substantially meet when moving to the closed condition so as to substantially seal the base of the container sufficiently for preventing loss of payload material during transportation.

[0035] In a further embodiment, movement of the closure assembly is operably configured so that the leading edge of one of the first or second closure elements substantially overlaps the other when in the closed condition.

[0036] In one embodiment, the first and second closure elements each comprise a leading edge, movement of the closure assembly is operably configured so that the leading edge of one of the first or second closure elements substantially overlaps that of the other when provided in the closed condition.

[0037] In one embodiment, the follower assembly is arranged operable so as to be driven by the actuator from a first position, which first position corresponds substantially with the closure assembly when in the closed condition, along a first path toward a second position, which second position corresponds substantially with the closure assembly when in the open condition, and along a second path so as to return to the first position (or closed condition).

[0038] In a further embodiment, the actuator is rotatably mounted to a region of the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container) and configured so as to be moveable relative thereto about a first axis of rotation. In one arrangement, the actuator is rotatably mounted to the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container) at or near the base of the container.

[0039] In some embodiments, the actuator comprises a driving portion which is arranged so as to provide drive along a driving axis. In some arrangements, the driving portion of the actuator is arranged so as to provide drive along the driving axis in opposing directions.

[0040] In another embodiment, the actuator comprises a pneumatic ram configured for providing drive along the driving axis. In this regard, the actuator may be arranged for providing bi-directional drive along the driving axis. The actuator may, in alternate embodiments, comprise a hydraulic ram.

[0041] For embodiments where the actuator is a pneumatic ram, it will be appreciated that appropriate air piping and related control boxes will be configured so as the pneumatic ram operates appropriately. It will be understood that the control boxes operate and/or control the valve units which supply or exhaust air from the pneumatic cylinder.

[0042] In one form, the actuator is provided in the form of a pneumatic ram unit comprising a cylinder and a corresponding piston, both configured operable so that the piston moves in a bidirectional manner. The skilled reader will readily appreciate that other variations of actuation for providing drive will be possible and could be adapted for use with embodiments of the apparatus described herein.

[0043] In one embodiment, the actuator is mounted within a support assembly which is rotatably mounted to the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container), the rotatable mounting allowing rotational movement of the actuator (by way of the housing or support assembly) relative to the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container) about the first axis of rotation. [0044] The support assembly may be configured to account for any associated operational componentry such as hydraulic hoses and the like which are operatively required by the actuator for operation.

[0045] In one embodiment, the support assembly comprises a cage unit. The cage unit is configured so as to clamp or capture the actuator between opposing end plates by way of four elongate rods, and fastened using any appropriate fastening means.

[0046] The skilled reader will readily appreciate that other arrangements for supporting the actuator in a substantially rotatable manner relative to the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container) will be known in the art.

[0047] In one embodiment, the follower assembly comprises a link element configured in operable association with the actuator so as to be driveable thereby.

[0048] In one embodiment, the link element is rotatably connected to the actuator. In one arrangement, the link element is rotatably connected to the driving portion of the actuator, the rotatable connection allowing rotational movement of the link element relative to the driving portion of the actuator about a second axis of rotation.

[0049] In another embodiment, the follower assembly further comprises a shaft configured so as to be carried or mounted to, in a rotatable manner, one of the closure elements.

[0050] In one embodiment, the shaft is configured in operable association with the driving portion of the actuator by way of the link element.

[0051] in one embodiment, the link element is rotatably associated with the shaft, the rotatable association allowing rotational movement of the link element relative to the shaft about a third axis of rotation.

[0052] in another embodiment, the shaft is arranged so as to be driven by the actuator by way of the link element such that drive provided by the actuator is transferred to the shaft.

[0053] In one embodiment, the shaft is arranged so as to be driven by the driving portion of the actuator by way of the link element such that drive provided by the actuator is transferred to the shaft [0054] In one embodiment, the shaft is arranged so as to rotate about its longitudinal axis, the longitudinal axis of the shaft being aligned substantially with the longitudinal direction of the container.

[0055] In one embodiment, the link element rotatably associates with the shaft at or near an end of the shaft.

[0056] In another embodiment, the link element comprises a first end and a second end, the first end of the link element being rotatably connected to the driving portion of the actuator and rotatable relative thereto about the second axis of rotation, and the second end of the link element is rotatably associated with the shaft and rotatable relative thereto about the third axis of rotation. In this manner, the link element may rotate relative to both the shaft and the actuator.

[0057] In one embodiment, the region at which the second end of the link rotatably connects with the shaft is substantially eccentric of the longitudinal axis of the shaft. Thus, the shaft may be provided with a connecting element which rotatably connects the second end of the link element with the shaft and serves to host the rotatable connection between the second end of the link element and the shaft (ie. the third axis of rotation). In such arrangements, the connecting element is rigidly associated with the shaft so as both rotate about the longitudinal axis of the shaft together.

[0058] In another embodiment, the follower assembly is arranged operable so that the link element, by way of at least a first rotational freedom provided between the actuator and the container, a second rotational freedom provided between the link element and the driving portion of the actuator, and a third rotational freedom provided between the link and the shaft, can be driven by the driving portion of the actuator from the closed condition along a first path toward the open condition during an opening movement, and along a second path so as to return to the closed condition during a closing movement. In this manner, by way of the operable nature of the rotational freedoms, the path of travel of each of the first and second paths are substantially different from one another.

[0059] In one embodiment, the follower assembly comprises a lever element which is rigidly associated with the shaft so that both rotate together when the shaft is rotated by drive provided by the actuator. In this manner, drive provided to the shaft by the actuator by way of the link element serves to cause the lever element to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

[0060] In one embodiment, the lever element is configured so as to extend outward or away from the shaft (or the longitudinal axis of the shaft).

[0061] In one embodiment, the follower assembly comprises an arm element configured so as to be driven by the lever element, the arm element being rotatably connected to a region of the lever which is distal from the shaft. In one such arrangement, the arm element is rotatably connected to a region of the lever which is at or near a distal end of the lever element (relative to the shaft).

[0062] In another embodiment, a region at or near a free end of the arm element is rotatably connected to the region of the lever which is distal from the shaft.

[0063] In another embodiment, an end distal of the free end of the arm element is rotatably associated with, or rotatably connected to, the closure element (for example the second closure element when the first closure element carries the shaft) which is alternate to that which carries the shaft.

[0064] In another embodiment, drive provided by the actuator, at least in part, causes the shaft to move the closure element which it is rotatably carried by, about the rotatable mount which associates it (the closure element carrying the shaft) with the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container), in one arrangement, drive provided by the actuator facilitates rotation of the shaft for at least:

(i) causing movement of the closure element which it is rotatably carried by in a first direction of rotation; while,

(ii) causing movement of the arm element for moving the closure element which is alternate to that which carries the shaft in a second direction of rotation, the second direction of rotation being opposite to the first direction of rotation.

[0065] In one embodiment, rotation of the lever element about the longitudinal axis of the shaft (by way of the shaft rotating in response to drive provided by the actuator) causes the arm element to move the closure element to which it is associated. In this manner, the closure element so moved by the associated arm element moves or rotates about the rotatable mount which associates it (the relevant closure element) with the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container).

[0066] In a further embodiment, the first closure element rotatably carries the shaft, and the second closure element is rotatably connected with the arm element.

[0067] In another arrangement, the distal region of the lever element which rotatably connects with the arm element is a distance below the longitudinal axis of the shaft when the closure assembly is in the closed condition. In one such arrangement, the arm eiement is configured or shaped so a region substantially central thereof rests on or adjacent a region of the shaft. In one embodiment, the distance is less than about 50mm.

[0068] In one arrangement, the vertical distance between the longitudinal axis of the shaft and a plane passing though an axes of rotation where the arm element rotatably connects with the second closure element and an axis of rotation shared at the rotatable connection between the lever element and the arm element (where the free end of the arm element rotatably connects with the lever element), is about 25mm

[0069] In one embodiment, when the closure assembly is in the closed condition, the follower assembly is arranged such that the arm element is biased toward to the shaft such that the follower assembly is in a deadlock condition which serves to, at least in part, prevent inadvertent movement of the closure assembly to or toward the open condition.

[0070] In one arrangement, the operable motion of the arm element is in a plane which is substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

[0071] In one embodiment, the arm element is arcuate in form.

[0072] In one embodiment, movement or drive provided by the actuator, when seeking to operate the closure assembly to or toward the open condition, causes or facilitates rotation of the shaft in an anti-clockwise movement about the longitudinal axis of the shaft. [0073] In another embodiment, movement or drive provided by the actuator, when seeking to operate the closure assembly to or toward the closed condition, causes or facilitates rotation of the shaft in a clockwise movement about the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

[0074] in one embodiment, all rotatable connections are provided in the form of appropriate bearing assemblies.

[0075] In one embodiment, the link element is configured along one edge so that rotation of the link in a first direction about the longitudinal axis of the shaft causes a region of the edge to interfere with the shaft so as to limit the scope of relative movement (or rotation) of the link element in said direction.

[0076] In another embodiment, the link is configured along a further portion of the edge so that rotation of the link in a second direction about the longitudinal axis of the shaft, one which is substantially counter to the first direction, allows for a larger scope of relative movement than that possible in the first direction. In this manner, the scope of relative movement possible allows the link element to rest adjacent and/or proximal the shaft.

[0077] In one embodiment, the actuator is configured so as to provide drive for actuating movement of the closure elements by way of the follower assembly. It will be appreciated that the actuator may be of any form which is capable of providing drive or movement to the follower assembly.

[0078] In one embodiment, the apparatus is configured so as to be operable with a means for seeking to prevent inadvertent opening of the closure assembly. In one arrangement, the apparatus may be configured operable with a latch assembly configured operable for seeking to, at least in part, prevent the closure elements from inadvertently moving to or toward the open condition. It will be appreciated that while the follower assembly is operably responsive to the actuator (which is, in at least one embodiment, always under affirmative control), it is prudent to take measures to ensure that the closure assembly remains closed during transportation if the actuator were to inadvertently release due to, for example, failure of an air/hydraulic/power circuit upon which the actuator relies for holding the closure assembly (by way of the follower assembly) in the closed condition. [0079] Accordingly, in one embodiment, such means for seeking to prevent inadvertent opening of the closure assembly may be provided in the form of a latch assembly for use with any of the apparatus of the first through fourth (or indeed fifth) principal aspects, the latch assembly comprising: a first element arranged operable to be driven from the closed condition along the first path toward the open condition, and along the second path so as to return to the closed condition; a second element arranged so as it meets the first element as the first element moves along a section of the second path; wherein the first and second elements are configured operable with one another for, when each meet, allowing movement of the first element along the second path when moving toward the closed condition while obstructing movement of the first element if moving a!ong the second path toward the open condition.

[0080] In a further embodiment, the first path corresponds substantially with a path taken by the actuator and follower assembly when driving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition.

[0081] In another embodiment, the second path corresponds substantially with a path taken by the actuator and follower assembly when driving the closure assembly to or toward the closed condition.

[0082] In one embodiment, the section of the second path is at or near the closed condition.

[0083] In one embodiment, the first element is associated with the link element of the follower assembly. Thus, in this embodiment, the first element is driven by the driving portion of the actuator by way of its association with the link element.

[0084] In another embodiment, the second element is associated with a non-extending portion of the actuator. In this regard, the non-extending portion of the actuator is a part of the actuator that is not driven by the driving portion of the actuator. For example, for the case where the actuator is a pneumatic ram having a cylinder and a driving piston (capable of bidirectional motion along the driving axis), the second element may be associated with the cylinder or the support structure which is configured for supporting the cylinder.

[0085] In one embodiment, the first element by way of its association with the link of the follower assembly can be driven by the driving portion of the actuator from the closed condition along the first path toward the open condition, and aiong the second path so as to return to the closed condition. In this manner, by way of the operable nature of the follower assembly, the path of travel of each of the first and second paths are substantially different from one another.

[0086] In another embodiment, the first element and the second element are each configured in a manner in which, when each meet, continued movement of the first element to or toward the closed condition along the second path is permitted.

[0087] In another embodiment, the first element and the second element are configured in a manner substantially complimentary with one another such that, when each meet, continued movement of the first element toward the closed condition along the second path is permitted regardless of the first element and second element engaging one another.

[0088] In embodiment, when the first and second elements meet, the second element is configured operable such that continued movement of the first element along the second path toward the closed position serves to move the second element away from the first element so allowing the first element to progress to or toward the closed condition.

[0089] In one embodiment, when the first and second elements meet, the second element is configured operable such that continued movement of the first element along the second path toward the closed condition serves to deflect the second element away from the first element so allowing the first element to progress to or toward the closed condition.

[0090] In another embodiment, the first element and the second element are each configured in a manner in which, when each meet, the first element is obstructed from continued movement along the second path when moving to or toward the open condition. [0091] In another embodiment, the first element and the second element are configured in a manner substantially complimentary with one another such that, when each meet, the first element is obstructed from continued movement along the second path when moving to or toward the open condition.

[0092] In one embodiment, the second element is configured operable so as to be biased toward a catch position in which the second element is capable of catching the first element so as to prevent continued movement of the first element along the second path to or toward the open condition when the first and second elements meet. In this arrangement, loss of support from the actuator to the closure assembly will cause the first element to begin moving along the second path to or toward the open condition, during such movement the first element will meet the second element and be caught thereby.

[0093] In a further embodiment, the second element is configured so as to operable to a deflected position by way of meeting the first element when moving along the second path to or toward the closed condition. In this manner, the second element is deflected from the path of the first element when moving toward the closed condition. In such arrangements, the second element is configured so that it can be biased back to the catch position once engagement with the first element has passed.

[0094] In one embodiment, the first element and the second element are each configured so that contact therebetween when the first element is moving to or toward the closed condition along the second path is sliding contact. In this manner, the sliding contact between the first and second elements serves to deflect the second element toward the deflected position.

[0095] In another embodiment, a first portion of the first element and a first portion of the second element are each configured in a manner in which, when the first and second elements meet (when the first element is moving along the second path toward the closed condition), continued movement of the first element toward the closed condition along the second path is permitted by the second element. Similarly, the first portion of the first element and the first portion of the second element are each configured in a manner in which, when the first and second elements meet (when the first element is moving toward the open condition along the second path), continued movement of the first element toward the open condition along the second path is obstructed from continued movement therealong.

[0096] In one embodiment, the first portion of the first element and the first portion of the second element are configured on respective first sides thereof so as to be capable of catching one another when the first element meets the second element when the first element is moving along the second path toward to the open condition.

[0097] In another embodiment, the first portion of the first element and the first portion of the second element are configured on respective second sides thereof so as to be capable of engaging one another when the first element meets the second element when the first element is moving along the second path toward to the closed condition in a manner which causes the second element to deflect to the deflected position.

[0098] In one embodiment, the first portion of the first element is configured having an interior portion and an exterior portion.

[0099] In another embodiment, the first portion of the second element is configured having an interior portion and an exterior portion.

[00100] In a further embodiment, when the first element moves along the second path toward the second condition, meeting of the first element with the second element brings the interior portion of the first element into contact with the interior portion of the second element, the contact therebetween serving to prevent continued movement of the first element along the second path toward the open condition.

[00101] In another embodiment, when the first element moves along the second path toward the closed condition, meeting of the first element with the second element brings the exterior portion of the first element into contact with the exterior portion of the second element, the contact serving to deflect the second element toward the deflected position in a manner which allows or permits the first element to progress toward the closed condition.

[00102] In one embodiment, when in the closed condition, the first and second elements are configured so as to be spaced from one another. [00103] In one embodiment, when moving along the first path toward the open condition, the first element is configured so as to be driven away from the second element.

[00104] In another embodiment, at the commencement of movement of the first element along the first path toward the open condition, the first element is configured so as to be rotated away from the second element about a first axis of rotation.

[00105] In one embodiment, the first element comprises a hook element provided with the link element. In one arrangement, the hook element is connected to or carried by the link element.

[00106] In one embodiment, the second element comprises a catch element associated with the actuator or support assembly arranged for housing or supporting the actuator.

[00107] In another embodiment, an end of the hook element is configured with a hook portion configured so as to be engageable with the catch element associated with the actuator or support assembly arranged for housing or supporting the actuator.

[00108] In another embodiment, the catch element is arranged so as to be rotatable relative to the actuator or associated support assembly. In one arrangement, the catch element is biased, for example by way of a biasing means, toward the catch position in which the catch element is operable to engage or interfere with the hook element in the event the closure assembly were to move to or toward the open condition.

[00109] In one embodiment, the hook element is arranged so as to rotate relative to the shaft in a manner consistent with the link element in response to drive provided by the actuator, in this manner, the hook element is arranged to follow substantially the same movement of the link when subject to drive by the actuator.

[001 10] In another embodiment, the hook portion is configured so as to avoid the catch portion when drive is provided by the actuator to the link element when commencing movement of the closure assembly to or toward the open condition. Accordingly, in this manner, when the closure assembly is to be opened, movement of the link element by the actuator serves to move the hook portion of the hook element so as to avoid interference from the catch element. [001 1 1] In one embodiment, the hook element is arranged so as to be rotatable relative to the catch element such that engagement therewith is avoided when the closure assembly is moved to the open condition. In some arrangements, rotation of the hook element relative to the catch element so as to avoid engagement therewith is by virtue of the hook element being associated with the link element.

[00112] In one embodiment, movement of the closure assembly toward the closing condition brings the hook portion of the hook element into contact with the catch element, in this embodiment, the hook element and the catch element are configured relative one another such that, on movement of the closure assembly toward the closed condition, the hook portion interferes with the catch element in a manner which causes the catch element to move away or be deflected from its otherwise biased condition. As the movement of the closure assembly toward the closing condition progresses to completion, the hook portion of the hook element contacts and slides across the catch element until contact therewith is lost and the hook element is clear of the catch element. Once free from contact with the hook portion, the catch element returns to its biased condition by way of the bias provided by the biasing means.

[00113] In one embodiment, engaging regions of the hook portion and the catch element are shaped and/or configured such that both may move relative to each other when in the operation in which the closure assembly is being moved to or toward the closed condition. In this manner, as the hook element is moving by way of drive provided by the actuator, its engaging movement with the catch element serves to deflect the catch element out of the intended path of movement of the hook element as the hook element progresses to its rest position at the completion of the closing event.

[001 14] In one embodiment, deflection of the catch element by the hook element from its path of movement is by way of the catch element being permitted freedom to rotate away from the catch position. It will be appreciated that the catch element rotates back to the catch position by way of the biasing means once interference with the hook portion has ceased.

[001 15] Following from the above, it will be appreciated that the latch assembly is operable in two modes depending on whether the closure assembly is being moved to or toward the open or closed condition. On the closure assembly being opened, the latch assembly is operable so that no interference between the hook element and the catch occurs. However, on the closure assembly being driven to the closed condition, the latch assembly is operable so that sliding contact between the hook portion and catch element is allowed, the catch element being operable with the biasing means so that the hook element can return to its initial position (when the closure assembly is closed).

[00116] It will be appreciated that the interference between the hook element and the catch element is necessary in order to prevent inadvertent opening of the closure assembly. However, the arrangement is configured such that the interference does not occur during the opening of the closure assembly when driven by the actuator. Interference is only contemplated in the event the closure assembly inadvertently moves to or toward the open condition in the absence of drive by way of the actuator. In this instance, movement to the open condition will follow substantially the same path as that taken when the follower assembly is driven toward to the closed condition, but in reverse. The catch element is therefore arranged so as to engage with the hook portion so as to prevent such movement. Thus, permitted interference between the hook portion and the catch element is configured operable so as to be non-obstructive in one direction of movement - that being movement to or toward the closed condition.

[001 17] In one embodiment, the apparatus is configured so as to be operable with a timing assembly arranged for modifying the timing of the movement of more than one closure element of the closure assembly when being moved to or toward the closed condition, the timing assembly configured operable for delaying one of the closure elements reaching its closed condition before another closure element reaches its closed condition, resulting in an overlap of the closure elements. In one arrangement, the timing assembly is configured operable for causing an overlap of at least the leading edges of the closure elements.

[00118] In one embodiment, for the case in which the closure assembly comprises first and second closure elements, the timing assembly comprises; a catch member associated with the first closure element; a striker member associated with the second closure element; and a stop member configured operable so as to be movable to and from a position in which the stop member may engage with the catch member as the first and second closure elements move toward one another, the stop, catch and striker members configured operable so that contact between the catch member and the stop member at least delays movement of the first closure element until said contact is disrupted by the striker member.

[001 19] In one embodiment, the stop member is provided with a region of the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container) which is substantially adjacent the closure assembly.

[00120] In another embodiment, the stop member is arranged so as to be moveable (such as for example by way of rotation) relative to the region of the container to which it is associated (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container). In such arrangements, the stop may be rotatably connected to the container at the region substantially adjacent the closure assembly.

[00121] In one arrangement, the stop member is provided in the form of an elongate member of finite length having two opposing free ends, a first of the free ends of the stop member being configured to rotatably associate or engage with the container, in one embodiment, the axis about which the stop member rotates is aligned substantially parallel with a longitudinal axis of the container. Thus, the stop member therefore has scope or freedom to rotate within a plane which is substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the container.

[00122] In another embodiment, the second of the free ends of the stop member is configured so as to meet the catch as the closure elements move toward one another, the second free end of the stop member is configured (for example, shaped) so that contact with the catch member, when such contact occurs, is sufficient to at least delay movement of the first closure element until said contact is disrupted by way of the striker member.

[00123] The rotatable engagement of the first end of the stop with the container (or support or reinforcing assembly associated with the container) is provided by way of a suitable bearing assembly. [00124] in another embodiment, the rotational freedom of the stop member may be variable so that the scope of its movement can be varied if needed. In this regard, movement of the stop member may be controlled by way of an adjustable portion configured in operable association with the first end of the stop member. In this manner, adjustment of the adjustable portion serves to increase or reduce the scope of the rotational movement within which the stop member may be provided with. The skilled person will appreciate that adjustment of such scope may be provided for in a number of alternate ways.

[00125] In one embodiment, the catch member is arranged to be permanently carried by the first closure element at a location thereon so that it makes contact with the stop member when the first closure element reaches a predetermined position relative to the container when the closure elements are moving to or toward the closing condition.

[00126] In another embodiment, the configuration of the stop member and the catch member relative one another at the time of contact is arranged so as to cause the second closure element to reach its closed condition prior to the time the first closure element reaches its closed condition.

[00127] in one embodiment, the striker member is carried by the second closure element and positioned about a region of the second closure element so that the striker member can make contact with the stop member at a time when the stop member is engaged with the catch for the purpose of at least delaying movement of the first closure element.

[00128] In one embodiment, the striker member is provided in the form of a finite length elongate element which is permanently attached to the second closure element. In one arrangement, a portion of the striker is welded to the second closure element with the remaining portion left protruding or extending away from the second closure element.

[00129] In one embodiment, the end of the striker member which is distal to the second closure element is configured so as to strike the stop member at a time when the stop member is in contact with the catch member - so as to disrupt said contact.

[00130] In another embodiment, the striker member is configured so as its position relative to the second closure element can be variable. Similarly, any such variation serves to adjust the instant in the closing cycle at which contact is made with the stop member. In one arrangement, the striker member may be arranged so as to be extensible in an elongate direction, so as to adjust the instant in the closing cycle at which contact is made with the stop member. In another arrangement, the striker member may be arranged so as to be rotatable relative to the second closure element so as to adjust the extension of the striker element and thus the point (or time) at which the stop member is struck.

[00131] In another embodiment, the position of the first closure element relative to the container when the stop member makes contact with the catch member can be varied by way of the adjustable portion, in this manner, the relative position at which the first closure element is delayed can be managed or controlled. This management or control could either be by way of a manual or automatic means.

[00132] According to a fourth principal aspect, there is provided an apparatus for use with a container configured for carrying bulk material, the apparatus comprising: a closure assembly configured having more than one closure elements and arranged operable for allowing discharge of the material from the container when the closure assembly is operable to or toward an open condition; an actuator for providing drive; and a follower assembly operably associated with one of the closure elements and configured operable with the actuator for moving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to or toward a closed condition.

[00133] In one embodiment, the follower assembly is arranged operable with the actuator for moving the closure elements to or toward either of the open or closed conditions in a substantially synchronous manner.

[00134] Embodiments of the fourth principal aspect may incorporate any of the features described above in relation to the first, second or third principal aspects.

[00135] According to a fifth principal aspect there is provided an apparatus for operating a closure assembly having more than one closure elements carried by a container arranged for transporting bulk material, the closure assembly having more than one closure elements and arranged operable for allowing discharge of the material from the container when the closure assembly is operable to or toward an open condition, the apparatus comprising: an actuator for providing drive, the actuator configured so as to be rotatably associated with the container, a follower assembly configured so as to be operably associated with one of the closure elements, and the follower assembly configured so as to be operable with the actuator for moving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to or toward a closed condition.

[00136] Embodiments of the fifth principal aspect may incorporate any of the features described above in relation to the first through fourth principal aspects.

[00137] In some arrangements, embodiments of the apparatus of the first through fifth principal aspects may be configured as a discharge assembly for use with a container configured for transporting bulk material.

[00138] In embodiments, of the apparatus of the above described principal aspects, it will be appreciated that the actuator may be operable by way of any appropriate power circuit as may be required. For embodiments where the actuator is a pneumatic cylinder, it will be understood that an appropriate air control system can be readily developed for powering and controlling operation of the pneumatic cylinder. In this regard, it will be appreciated that a compressed air supply will generally be present and arranged in communication with the actuator by way of an appropriate air delivery/control circuit comprising an arrangement of components for facilitating operation of the pneumatic cylinder. Such a delivery/control circuit may comprise an arrangement of one or more of the following: connecting conduit sections, ball valves, check valves, Y-type filters, air reservoirs, drain bail valves, ball valve venting, air treatment components, manual valves, silencers, solenoid valves, hand operated valves, shuttle valves, pilot operated valves, and/or exhaust valves. in many embodiments, such a delivery/control circuit will often be configured so as to be carried by the container assembly. [00139] According to a sixth principal aspect, there is provided an apparatus arranged for use with a closure assembly having more than one closure elements associated with a discharge opening of a container configured for transporting bulk material, the apparatus being configured for modifying the timing of the movement of closure assembly when operable to or toward the closed condition, the apparatus configured operable so as to cause one of the closure elements to reach its closed condition substantially before an alternate closure element reaches its closed condition.

[00140] in one embodiment, the apparatus comprises: a catch member associated with a first closure element of the closure assembly; a striker member associated with a second closure element of the closure assembly; and a stop member configured operable so as to be movable to and from a position in which the stop member may engage with the catch member as the first and second closure elements move toward one another, the stop, catch and striker members configured operable so that contact between the catch member and the stop member at least delays movement of the first closure element until said contact is disrupted by the striker member.

[00141] Embodiments of the sixth principal aspect may incorporate any of the features of the timing assembly described above in relation to the above principal aspects.

[00142] According to a seventh principal aspect, there is provided a timing assembly for modifying movement of a closure assembly carried by a container arranged for transporting bulk material, the timing assembly configured in accordance with any embodiment of the apparatus described above in relation to the sixth principal aspect.

[00143] Embodiments of the seventh principal aspect may incorporate any of the features of the timing assembly described in relation to the above principal aspects,

[00144] Embodiments of the first through fifth principal aspects may incorporate any of the above described embodiments of the sixth or seventh principal aspects. [00145] According to an eighth principal aspect, there is provided an apparatus for use with a closing mechanism configured operable with an actuator for driving a closure assembly carried by a container arranged for transporting bulk material to or toward a first position and/or a second position, the apparatus configured operable for seeking to prevent inadvertent opening of the closure assembly during transportation of the bulk material.

[00146] In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises: a first element arranged operable to be driven from the first position along a first path toward the second position, and along a second path so as to return to the first position; a second element arranged so as to meet the first element when moving along the second path; wherein the first and second elements are configured operable with one another for allowing movement of the first element along the second path when moving toward the first position while obstructing movement of the first element if moving along the second path toward the second position.

[00147] In one embodiment, the apparatus is configured operable with the closure assembly carried by the container, the closure assembly being moveable to or toward an open condition and/or a closed condition. In one embodiment, the closed condition of the closure assembly corresponds substantially with the first position, and the open condition of the closure assembly corresponds substantially with the second position.

[00148] In one embodiment, the second element is arranged so as to meet the first element at a region of the second path at or near the first position.

[00149] In another embodiment, the first element and the second element are each configured in a manner in which, when each meet, continued movement of the first element toward the first position along the second path is permitted.

[00150] In another embodiment, the first element and the second element are configured in a manner substantially complimentary with one another such that, when each meet, continued movement of the first element toward the first position along the second path is permitted regardless of the first element and the second element engaging one another.

[00151 ] In embodiment, when the first and second elements meet, the second element is configured operable such that continued movement of the first element along the second path toward the first position serves to move the second element away from the first element so allowing the first element to progress toward the first position.

[00152] In one embodiment, when the first and second elements meet, the second element is configured operable such that continued movement of the first element along the second path toward the first position serves to deflect the second element away from the first element so allowing the first element to progress toward the first position.

[00153] !n another embodiment, the first element and the second element are each configured in a manner in which, when each meet, the first element is obstructed from continued movement along the second path when moving toward the second position.

[00154] !n one embodiment, the second element is configured operable so as to be biased toward a catch position, in this position, the second element is capable of preventing continued movement of the first element along the second path toward the second position when the first and second portions meet. In this arrangement, loss of support from the actuator will cause the first element to begin moving along the second path toward the second position, during such movement the first element will meet the second element and be caught thereby.

[00155] In a further embodiment, the second element is configured so as to be operable to a deflected position by way of meeting with the first element as it moves along the second path toward the first position (closed position). In this manner, the second element is deflected from the path of the first element when the first element moves toward the first position (closed condition). In such arrangements, the second element is configured so as to be biased back to the catch position once engagement with the first element has passed.

[00156] In one embodiment, the first element and the second element are each configured so that contact therebetween when the first element is moving toward the first position along the second path is sliding contact. In this manner, the sliding contact between the first and second elements serves to deflect the second element toward the deflected position.

[00157] in another embodiment, a first portion of the first element and a first portion of the second element are each configured in a manner in which, when each meet, continued movement of the first element toward the first position along the second path is permitted by the second element. Similarly, the first portion of the first element and the first portion of the second element are each configured in a manner in which, when each meet, continued movement of the first element toward the second position along the second path is obstructed from continued movement therealong.

[00158] In one embodiment, the first portion of the first element and the first portion of the second element are configured on respective first sides thereof so as to be capable of catching one another when the first element meets the second element when the first element is moving along the second path toward to the second position.

[00159] In one embodiment, the first portion of the first element and the first portion of the second element are configured on respective second sides thereof so as to be capable of engaging one another when the first element meets the second element when the first element is moving along the second path toward to the first position in a manner which causes the second element to deflect to the deflected position.

[00160] In one embodiment, the first portion of the first element is configured having an interior portion and an exterior portion.

[00161] in another embodiment, the first portion of the second element is configured having an interior portion and an exterior portion.

[00162] in a further embodiment, when the first element moves along the second path toward the second position, meeting of the first element with the second element brings the interior portion of the first element into contact with the interior portion of the second element, the contact therebetween serving to prevent continued movement of the first element along the second path toward the second position.

[00163] in another embodiment, when the first element moves along the second path toward the first position, meeting of the first element with the second element brings the exterior portion of the first element into contact with the exterior portion of the second element, the contact serving to deflect the second element toward the deflected position in a manner which allows or permits the first element to progress toward the first position.

[00164] In one embodiment, when in the first position, the first and second elements are configured so as to be spaced from one another.

[00165] In one embodiment, when moving along the first path toward the first position, the first element is configured so as to be driven away from the second element.

[00166] In another embodiment, at the commencement of movement of the first element along the first path toward the second position, the first element is configured so as to be rotated away from the second element about a first axis of rotation.

[00167] In a further embodiment, the first path corresponds with the path taken by the actuator and follower assembly when driving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition.

[00168] In another embodiment, the second path corresponds with the path taken by the actuator and follower assembly when driving the closure assembly to or toward the closed condition.

[00169] In one embodiment, the first element is driven by way of an actuator configured for providing drive.

[00170] In one embodiment, the first element is associated with a link which is configured operable with the actuator so as to be driven thereby.

[00171] In one embodiment, the second element is associated with a portion of the actuator which is not subject to drive, in such arrangements, the actuator may be provided in the form of a pneumatic ram having a cylinder and a driving piston. In this arrangement, for example, the second element is associated with the cylinder.

[00172] In one embodiment, the actuator is configured so as it may rotate relative to the first and second positions. In this manner, rotational movement of the actuator, at least in part, defines the course of the first and second paths. [00173] In one embodiment, the first element is rotatabiy associated with a driving portion of the actuator.

[00174] In one embodiment, the apparatus may be provided as a latch assembly for use as a secondary means of seeking to prevent inadvertent opening of a closure assembly used with a container configured for transporting bulk material, such as for example, a hopper style rail wagon.

[00175] Embodiment, of the apparatus of the seventh principal aspect may incorporate any of the features of the latch assembly described herein.

[00176] According to a ninth principal aspect, there is provided a container configured for transporting bulk material, the container comprising: a discharge opening through which material can be discharged, a closure assembly associated with the discharge opening, the closure assembly having more than one closure elements arranged operable to or toward an open condition and a closed condition, the container configured so as to be operable with the closure assembly when moved to or toward the open condition such that material carried by the container can be discharged via the discharge opening in a manner appropriate to the unloading environment.

[00177] An important factor in the arrangement and configuration of any container assembly is the rate of discharge of the bulk material during unloading. In this regard, the quicker the discharge rate, the faster the containers can be processed through an unloading depot. However, the manner in which the bulk material is discharged can introduce the risk of damaging associated equipment during the unloading process. For example, immediate or rapid discharge of the bulk material has the potential to damage the conveyor (or associated equipment) onto which the material is to be unloaded for carriage from the unloading facility. It is therefore desirous to seek to achieve a balance between an expeditious discharge rate while seeking to reduce or avoid the risk of causing damage to the unloading equipment and surrounds during discharge. [00178] in one embodiment, an interior region of the container is shaped so as to cooperate with the closure assembly when moved to or toward the open condition such that material carried by the container can be discharged via the discharge opening in an expeditious regulated manner.

[00179] in another embodiment, the co-operative relationship between the shaped interior region and the closure assembly during discharge of the bulk material serves to, at least in part, self-regulate the flow of the material.

[00180] In a further embodiment, the co-operative relationship between the shaped interior region and the closure assembly during discharge of the bulk material serves to, at least in part, confine the flow of the material substantially to a predetermined delivery destination region.

[00181] In some embodiments, the container is configured use in a rolling discharge environment.

[00182] In another embodiment, the discharge opening is defined by the convergence of two side walls and two end walls of the container.

[00183] In another embodiment, the side wails of the container are configured substantially parallel one another, each side wall being aligned substantially in the longitudinal direction of the container.

[00184] In one embodiment, the end walls are arranged substantially parallel one another and are aligned in a direction substantially transverse to the longitudinal direction of the container.

[00185] In one arrangement, both side walls are arranged so as to oppose one another, and both end wails are arranged so as both oppose one another.

[00186] In one embodiment, the shaping of the walls which define the discharge opening(s) of the container are configured so that they are operable with the closure assembly such that discharge of the bulk material carried by the container can be conducted in a manner which encourages expeditious unloading of the material while seeking to reduce or avoid the risk of the discharge event damaging unloading equipment. [00187] In one embodiment, the shape of said wails are configured so as to cooperate with the closure assembly when moved to or toward the open condition such that bulk material carried by the container can be discharged through the discharge opening in an expeditious yet regulated manner for reducing or avoiding the risk of the discharge event damaging unloading equipment.

[00188] In another embodiment, the co-operative relationship between the configuration of said walls and the closure assembly during discharge of the bulk material serves to, at least in part, self-regulate the flow of the material for reducing or avoiding the risk of the discharge event damaging unloading equipment.

[00189] In another embodiment, the container comprises an intermediate wall provided substantially between the two end walls so as to define two discharge openings in the container, wherein a first discharge region is defined by the convergence of a first region of the two side walls, one of the end walls and a first portion of the intermediate wall, and a second discharge opening is defined by the convergence of a second region of the two side walls, the alternate end wall and a second portion of the intermediate wall, each first and second discharge opening associated with a respective closure assembly.

[00190] In a further embodiment, the or each closure assembly comprises a first closure element and a second closure element each arranged so as to rotate relative to a respective discharge opening in a manner in which the first and second closure elements move away from one another when moved to or toward the open condition and move toward one another when moved to or toward the closed condition.

[00191] In another embodiment, the first and the second closure elements are configured so as each rotate about respective axes of rotation, said axes of rotation arranged so as to be aligned substantially with the longitudinal direction of the container.

[00192] In some embodiments, it will be appreciated that the closure assemblies incorporated in the containers described herein are configured operable by apparatus arranged in accordance with embodiments of the apparatus described in relation to the first to fifth principal aspects. [00193] In another embodiment, the two side walls, two end walls, and the intermediate wall are arranged so as to provide a region capable of receiving (during a loading process) bulk material for transportation purposes. In this manner, the geometry of the region is such that the carrying capacity of the container is increased or maximised compared to conventionai bulk material carrying containers.

[00194] In another embodiment, the intermediate wall is arranged so as to be aligned in a manner which is substantially parallel with one of the end walls.

[00195] In one embodiment, the two side walls and two end walls are arranged operable with the intermediate wall so as to provide a region capable of expeditiously receiving (during a loading process) bulk material.

[00196] In one embodiment, the container is configured for transport by road. In such arrangement, the container may be configured for transport on a trailer unit for towage/haulage behind an appropriate towing vehicle. The means by why which the container is transported may be configured so as to substantiaily exploit the benefits of a closure assembly being associated with the lower region of the container such that discharge of the bulk material is assisted by gravity during the unloading process.

[00197] In one embodiment, the container is configured for transport by rail. In one such arrangement, the container may be arranged as a hopper style wagon in which the closure assembly is associated with a discharge opening provided at or near the lowermost region of the container assembly so that opening of the closure assembly allows for the discharge of bulk material under the influence of gravity during the unloading process. In this manner, the side, end, and/or intermediate walls of the container may be configured so as to improve discharge flow rates over those achievable using conventional container arrangements.

[00198] in one embodiment, the bulk material is iron ore.

[00199] In one embodiment, the container is embodied as a self-discharging wagon configured for transporting iron ore.

[00200] In one embodiment, discharge of the bulk material may be by way of rolling discharge. [00201] In one embodiment, the shaping of the side walls, end walls (and the intermediate wall for cases where multiple discharge regions are provided) which define the interior bulk material carrying region of the container is configured in a manner which allows for expeditious but steady discharging of the material during unloading of the container and/or expeditious loading of bulk material during a loading process when the closure assembly is in the closed condition.

[00202] In one embodiment, the or each closure assembly is associated with respective discharge openings, each closure assembly configured operable in at least:

(i) a first mode (open condition), for allowing bulk material carried by the container to be discharged therethrough, and,

(ii) a second mode (closed condition), for allowing bulk material to be held in the container for transportation purposes.

[00203] in one embodiment, one or both of the side walls is provided in the form of a side wall assembly comprising a side wail formation having a lower portion extending upwards from at or near a respective discharge opening in a direction away from a longitudinal axis of the container at an angle to the horizontal plane.

[00204] In one embodiment, the side wall formation (or a cross sectional profile thereof) extends substantially along a longitudinal length of an associated closure assembly or the longitudinal length of its respective closure elements.

[00205] In one arrangement, the direction the lower portion of the side wall formation extends is within a plane which is substantially transverse to the longitudinal direction of the container.

[00206] In one embodiment, the lower portion of the side wall formation extends at an angle from about 50 degrees to about 80 degrees from the horizontal plane.

[00207] In one arrangement, the lower portion of the side wall formation is provided at an angle of about 65 degrees from the horizontal plane.

[00208] In one embodiment, the lower portion of the side wall formation is linear. Alternatively, the lower portion of the side wall is non-linear, or curvilinear. [00209] In another embodiment, the lower portion of the side wall formation progresses in said direction so as to transition to an upper portion of the side wall formation.

[00210] In another embodiment, a portion of the upper portion of the side wall formation is non-linear, or curvilinear. Alternatively, however, the upper portion of the side wall formation could be linear.

[00211] In one arrangement, the upper portion of the side wall formation terminates so as to provide a rim of the side wall formation.

[00212] In one embodiment, a portion of the upper portion of the side wall formation is configured so as a portion thereof curves toward an interior region of the container.

[00213] In another embodiment, the curve or non-linear portion of the upper portion of the side wall formation is provided by way of at least one portion thereof having a radius of between from about 1500mm to about 1800mm.

[00214] In one embodiment, the curve or non-linear portion of the upper portion of the side wall formation is provided by way of one or portions thereof having a radius of between from about 500mm to about 1800mm.

[00215] In some embodiments, the curvature of the upper portion of the side wall formation is configured so as to allow for expeditiously receiving (during a loading process) bulk material and/or to increase or maximise loaded capacity as compared with conventional bulk material transport containers.

[00216] !n one embodiment, the rim of the side wall formation may be provided with one or more reinforcing elements so as to improve the structural integrity of the side wail assembly.

[00217] In one embodiment, the side wall assembly comprises a side wall reinforcing assembly, the reinforcing assembly comprising a side wall reinforcing member configured so as to run along a face of the side wall.

[00218] In one embodiment, the side wall reinforcing member runs along an external side of the side wall formation. [00219] In one embodiment, the side wall reinforcing member is provided at a lower region of the sidewall formation. In this manner, the side wall reinforcing member is configured so as to remain within the allowable cross-sectional envelop of the container.

[00220] In one embodiment, the side wall reinforcing member may be configured integral with the side wall formation, or welded to the external side of the side wall formation.

[00221] In another embodiment, the side wall reinforcing member may be of regular or irregular cross section. In one arrangement, the side wall reinforcing member comprises a reinforcing rib integrally formed within the sidewall formation or welded to the external side of the side wall formation.

[00222] In another embodiment, the side wall reinforcing member comprises a first section extending away from the sidewall formation at a first angle relative thereto, a second section extending away from the first section at a second angle relative thereto, and a third section extending away from the second section at a third angle relative thereto, said third section extending so as to meet the side wall. In one arrangement, the first, second and third sections of the reinforcing member form a closed section.

[00223] In one embodiment, the first angle is about 65 degrees; the second angle is about 90 degrees; and the third angle is about 115 degrees.

[00224] In one arrangement, the first section lies substantially in the horizontal plane, the second section extend from the first section and lies substantially in the vertical plane, and the third section, extending from the second section, returns to the side wall at an angle substantially orthogonal thereto.

[00225] In one embodiment, the first, second and third sections of the side wall reinforcing member are linear.

[00226] In one embodiment, a reinforcing member is provided or associated with (such as for example by welding) the upper region of the side wall formation. In some arrangements, the reinforcing member is arranged so as to run along the external facing side of any wall formation described herein. [00227] In another embodiment, one or both of the end walls are provided in the form of an end wall assembly comprising an end wall formation comprising a lower portion which extends upwards from at or near a respective discharge opening of the container in a direction aligned substantially with the longitudinal direction of the container at an angle from the horizontal plane.

[00228] In one embodiment, the lower portion of the end wall formation is provided at an angle from about 60 to about 80 degrees from the horizontal plane.

[00229] In one arrangement, the lower portion of the end wall formation is provided at an angle of about 70 degrees from the horizontal plane.

[00230] in one embodiment, the lower portion of the end wall formation is linear. Alternatively, however, the lower portion of the side wall formation could be non-linear, or curvilinear.

[00231] In another embodiment, the lower portion of the end wall formation progresses so as to transition to an upper portion of the end waif formation.

[00232] In another embodiment, the lower portion and the upper portion of the end wail formation are linear, but could be, for example, non-linear or curvilinear.

[00233] In one embodiment, the upper portion of the end wall formation transitions from the lower portion and extends at an angle from the horizontal plane which is substantially less than the angle of the lower portion of the end wall formation from the horizontal plane.

[00234] In one embodiment, the upper portion of the end wall formation extends from the lower portion at an angle from about 50 degrees to about 70 degrees.

[00235] In one arrangement, the upper portion of the end wall formation extends from the lower portion at an angle of about 60 degrees from the horizontal plane.

[00236] In another embodiment, the lower portion of the end wall formation is linear. In a further embodiment, the upper portion of the end wall formation is linear.

[00237] In one embodiment, the lower portion and/or upper portion of the end wall formation could be non-linear, or could be curvilinear. [00238] In one arrangement, the upper portion of the end wall formation terminates so as to provide a rim of the end wall formation. In one embodiment, the rim of the end wall formation may be provided with one or more reinforcing elements so as to improve the structural integrity of the end wall assembly.

[00239] In another embodiment, the end wall assembly comprises an end wa!l reinforcing assembly configured for providing support to the end wall formation.

[00240] In one embodiment, the end wall reinforcing assembly comprises a number of longitudinal and lateral reinforcing elements arranged so as to provide support to the lower and upper wall portions of the end wall formation.

[00241] In another embodiment, the longitudinal reinforcing elements may be arranged so as to be aligned substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis or direction of the container.

[00242] in a further embodiment, the lateral elements are arranged substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal elements of the end wall reinforcing assembly and aligned in a manner commensurate with the angle the lower or upper portion of the end wall formation makes with the horizontal plane, which ever they support.

[00243] In one embodiment, the end wall reinforcing assembly may be configured so as to be substantially symmetrical about the longitudinal axis of the container.

[00244] In another embodiment, the end wall reinforcing assembly comprises one or more reinforcing piates or webs arranged so as to support the lower and upper portions of the end wall formation, the or each reinforcing plates or webs being aligned substantially parallel with the direction of the longitudinal axis of the container.

[00245] In one embodiment, the first and second reinforcing plates or webs are arranged substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the container and spaced apart from one another.

[00246] In another embodiment, the first and second reinforcing plates or webs are arranged substantially symmetrica! about the longitudinal axis of the container. [00247] In one embodiment, the rim of the side wall formations of the opposing side wall assemblies serve to define, at least in part, an open region of the container through which material is loaded into the container.

[00248] In another embodiment, respective rims of the end wall formations of the end wail assemblies may also, at least in part, serve to define the open region of the container.

[00249] In one embodiment, the upper portions of the side wall formations are configured so that the respective rims extend toward each other so as to define, at least in part, the open region of the container.

[00250] In another embodiment, a portion of the upper portion of the side wall formation at or near the rim of the or each side wall formation is substantially flat or linear.

[00251] In one embodiment, the upper portion of the side wall formation includes a transition region in which the curvilinear section of the upper portion transitions to the substantially flat or linear portion. In one arrangement, the substantially flat or linear portions of the upper portion of the side wall formations extend substantially toward one another as said substantially flat or linear portions extend toward their respective rims. Arrangements of this manner serve to, at least in part, reduce or avoid the accumulation of material during unloading and/or loading processes.

[00252] In one embodiment, the intermediate wall is provided in the form of an intermediate wall assembly comprising a first wall formation and a second wall formation each angled from the horizontal plane toward one another, each first wall and second wall extending from substantially at or near a respective discharge opening.

[00253] In one embodiment, the first and second wall formations of the intermediate wall assembly are configured so as to meet one another at an upper region of the intermediate wall assembly.

[00254] in one embodiment, the first and second wall formations extend upwards from at or near a respective discharge opening of the container in a direction aligned substantially with the longitudinal axis of the container at an angle from the horizontal plane. [00255] In another embodiment, the first and second wall formations of the intermediate wall assembly are provided within a plane which is substantially aligned with the longitudinal direction of the container.

[00256] In one embodiment, the first and second wall formations are configured so as to be oriented substantially parallel with an end wall formation of an end wall assembly.

[00257] in one embodiment, the first wall formation is angled from the horizontal plane at an angle from about 60 degrees to about 80 degrees.

[00258] In one arrangement, the first wall formation is angled from the horizontal plane at an angle of about 70 degrees.

[00259] In another embodiment, the second wall formation is angled from the horizontal plane at an angle from about 60 degrees to about 80 degrees.

[00260] In one arrangement, the second wall formation is angled from the horizontal plane at an angle of about 70 degrees.

[00261] In another embodiment, the intermediate wail assembly is provided with a support assembly configured so as to support the first and second wail formations in their respective orientations.

[00262] In one arrangement, the first and second wall formations of the intermediate wall assembly are arranged so that respective interior facing surfaces thereof are oriented in a manner which is substantially transverse to the longitudinal direction of the container.

[00263] In one embodiment, the first and/or second wall formations are substantially linear. However, in alternative embodiments, portions of the first and/or second wall formations could be non-linear or curvilinear in nature.

[00264] In one embodiment, the first and second wall formations of the intermediate wall assembly are arranged relative one another in an 'A' shape configuration, whereby the angle between each first and second wall formations with the horizontal piane is about 70 degrees. [00265] In another embodiment, the intermediate wall assembly comprises an intermediate wall reinforcing assembly configured for providing support to the first and second wall formations.

[00266] In one embodiment, the intermediate wall reinforcing assembly comprises a number of longitudinal and lateral reinforcing elements arranged so as to provide support to the first and second wall formations of the intermediate wall assembly.

[00267] In another embodiment, the longitudinal elements may be arranged so as to be aligned substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the container.

[00268] In one embodiment, the lateral elements are arranged substantially orthogonal with the longitudinal reinforcing elements and aligned in a manner commensurate with the angle the first and second wall formations of the intermediate wall assembly makes with the horizontal plane, which ever they support.

[00269] In one embodiment, the intermediate wall reinforcing assembly may be configured so as to be substantially symmetrical about the longitudinal axis of the container.

[00270] In another embodiment, the intermediate wall reinforcing assembly comprises one or more reinforcing sections arranged so as to support the first and second wall formations of the intermediate wall assembly, the or each reinforcing section aligned substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the container.

[00271] In one embodiment, the intermediate wall reinforcing assembly comprises first and second reinforcing sections each arranged substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the container assembly and spaced apart from one another.

[00272] in another embodiment, the first and second reinforcing sections are arranged substantially symmetrical about the longitudinal axis of the container.

[00273] In another embodiment, the first and second reinforcing sections are arranged so as to provide a substantially 'A' shaped support structure, whereby one side of the 'A' shaped structure supports the first wall formation and the alternate side of the 'A' shaped structure supports the second wall formation of the intermediate wall assembly. [00274] in another embodiment, supporting/reinforcing structure is provided intermediate the first and second wall formations so as to afford structural support to the first/second wall formations.

[00275] For embodiments of the side wall, end wall and intermediate wall assemblies described above, it will be appreciated that each may incorporate appropriate supporting or reinforcing structure for structural integrity purposes. The skilled reader will readily appreciate the types of arrangements that may be realised for a specific case.

[00276] In some embodiments, structural reinforcing members may be arranged so as to run along the external facing side of any wall formation described herein at or near its uppermost or peripheral edge (or rim).

[00277] It will be appreciated that any reinforcing member may comprise any suitable structural component appropriate for imparting a reinforcing function. In one embodiment, for example, the reinforcing member comprises a length of steel closed section.

[00278] Reinforcing members may be provided on an internal face of the or each side/end, or intermediate wail. It will be understood that such arrangements can be possible provided the proposed configuration offers little to no impediment to the material during unloading. For example, reinforcing members provided internal of the side/end walls could be possible when placed at or near their upper most or peripheral edges.

[00279] It will be appreciated that attaching or connecting reinforcing members will be dependent on the material (such as by welding for the case of metallic materials).

[00280] Any of the reinforcing members (including webs and the like) and/or materials from which associated elements of the side, end, or intermediate walls may be made from are steel or stainless steel such, for example, TT4401 stainless steel or Chinese T4003 stainless steel. Components of the container (or rail wagon) may be constructed using carbon steel materials, (t will be understood that any material could be used or adapted for a function or purpose appropriate to one or more of the material's characteristic strengths. [00281] Embodiments of the container of the present aspect may be configured for the transportation of bulk material by way of road or rail.

[00282] Embodiments of the container may be configured so as to comprise any of the following characteristics:

(i) a potential loading capacity of about 79 tonnes;

(ϋ) weight of about 21 tonnes or less;

(iii) an axel loading of about 25 tonnes;

(iv) an operating speed of about 110km/h;

(v) a volume (water level) of about 35m ³ ;

(v) an outline gauge in accordance with WestNet Rail 1435 gauge

(vi) a centre of gravity not exceeding 2490mm above the head of the rail

(when embodied in the form of a rail wagon).

[00283] In some embodiments, embodiments of the side wall assembly described herein have shown to facilitate, at least in part, a bulk material discharge rate in the order of from about 8 seconds to 12 seconds per wagon.

[00284] In some arrangements, embodiments of the side wall, end wail and intermediate wall assemblies described herein have shown to facilitate, at least in part, a bulk material discharge rate in the order of from about 8 seconds to about 12 seconds per wagon.

[00285] In a rolling discharge context, where a chain of rail wagons are processed for unloading purposes in a rolling succession, the discharge rate commences from the opening of a closure assembly of one wagon to the time the closure assembly of the subsequent wagon opens. In this regard, the discharge rates for embodiments of the container using forms of the side wall, end wall and intermediate wall assemblies described herein, could be from about 87 second to 90 seconds.

[00286] In another embodiment, in a rolling discharge context, the speed of the wagons (embodied with a container described herein) when being processed through an unloading or discharge facility move at a speed of from between about 2ktn/hour to about 4km/hour.

[00287] Embodiments of the ninth principal aspect may incorporate any of the embodiments or features described in relation to the first to eighth principal aspects, it will be understood that embodiments of the ninth principal aspect may be adapted to incorporate any of the features described herein.

[00288] According to a tenth principal aspect of the present invention, there is provided a container for carrying bulk materia! by road or rail, the container configured with a closure assembly moveable to or toward an open condition or a closed condition, the container comprising at least one of: a first apparatus for operating the closure assembly, the first apparatus arranged according to any of the embodiments of the apparatus of the first through fifth principal aspects; a second apparatus for modifying the movement of the closure assembly when operable to or toward a closed condition, the second apparatus arranged according to any of the embodiments of the apparatus or timing assembly of the sixth or seventh principal aspects; and, a third apparatus for seeking to prevent inadvertent opening of the closure assembly, the third apparatus arranged according to any of the embodiments of the apparatus of the eighth principal aspect.

[00289] in some embodiments, the container is configured in accordance with embodiments of the container of the ninth principal aspect.

[00290] Embodiments of the tenth principal aspect may incorporate any of the embodiments or features described in relation to the first to ninth principal aspects. It will be understood that embodiments of the tenth principal aspect may be adapted to incorporate any of the features described herein.

[00291] According to an eleventh principal aspect of the present invention, there is provided a self-discharging container configured for carrying bulk material by road or rail, the self-discharging container arranged in accordance with a container of the above principal aspects.

[00292] In one embodiment, the self-discharging container may be embodied as a hopper style container. In such embodiments, the hopper style container may be exemplified in forms suitable for rail or road.

[00293] According to a twelfth principal aspect, there is provided a method for operably configuring an apparatus for operating a closure assembly carried by a container configured for transporting bulk material, the closure assembly having more than one closure elements and arranged operable for allowing discharge of the material from the container when the closure assembly is operable to or toward an open condition, the method comprising: configuring the apparatus in a manner so as to be operably associated with one of the closure elements and arranged operable for moving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to toward a closed condition.

[00294] Embodiments of the twelfth principal aspect may incorporate any of the embodiments or features described in relation to the first to eighth principal aspects.

[00295] According to a thirteenth principal aspect, there is provided a method for operably configuring an apparatus for operating a closure assembly carried by a container configured for transporting bulk material, the closure assembly having more than one closure elements and arranged operable for allowing discharge of the material from the container when the closure assembly is operable to or toward an open condition by way of drive provided by an actuator, the method comprising: configuring the apparatus with a follower assembly in a manner in which the follower assembly is operably associated with one of the closure elements and configured operable with the actuator for moving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to or toward a closed condition.

[00296] Embodiments of the thirteenth principal aspect may incorporate any of the embodiments or features described in relation to the first to eighth principal aspects. [00297] According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for operably configuring an apparatus for operating a closure assembly carried by a container configured for transporting bulk material, the closure assembly having more than one closure elements and arranged operable for allowing discharge of the material from the container when the closure assembly is operable to or toward an open condition, the method comprising: configuring the apparatus with an actuator for providing drive; and configuring the apparatus with a follower assembly in a manner in which the follower assembly is operably associated with one of the closure elements and configured operable with the actuator for moving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to or toward a closed condition.

[00298] Embodiments of the fourteenth principal aspect may incorporate any of the embodiments or features described in relation to the first to eighth principal aspects.

[00299] According to a fifteenth principal aspect, there is provided a method for operably configuring an apparatus for use with a container configured for carrying bulk material, the method comprising: providing a closure assembly having more than one closure elements and arranged operable for allowing discharge of the material from the container when the closure assembly is operable to or toward an open condition; configuring an actuator for providing drive; and configuring a follower assembly so as to be operably associated with one of the closure elements and configured operable with the actuator for moving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to or toward a closed condition.

[00300] Embodiments of the fifteenth principal aspect may incorporate any of the embodiments or features described in relation to the first to eighth principal aspects.

[00301 ] According to a sixteenth principal aspect, there is provided a method for operably configuring an apparatus for operating a closure assembly carried by a container arranged for transporting bulk material, the closure assembly having more than one closure elements and arranged operable for allowing discharge of the material from the container when the ciosure assembly is operable to or toward an open condition, the method comprising: configuring an actuator for providing drive, the actuator being configured so as to be rotatably associated with the container, configuring a follower assembly so as to be operably associated with one of the closure elements, and configuring the follower assembly so as to be operable with the actuator for moving the closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to or toward a closed condition.

[00302] Embodiments of the sixteenth principal aspect may incorporate any of the embodiments or features described in relation to the first to eighth principal aspects.

[00303] According to a seventeenth principal aspect, there is provided a method for operably configuring an apparatus for modifying the movement of a closure assembly having more than one closure elements when operable to or toward a closing condition, the method comprising: configuring the apparatus so as to be operable for delaying one of the closure elements reaching its closed condition before an alternate closure element reaches its closed condition.

[00304] Embodiments of the seventeenth principal aspect may comprise operably configuring the apparatus with embodiments or features described in relation to the sixth principal aspect.

[00305] According to an eighteenth principal aspect, there is provided a method for operably configuring a timing assembly for modifying movement of a closure assembly carried by a container arranged for transporting bulk material, the method comprising: configuring the timing assembly in accordance with any embodiment of the apparatus described in relation to the sixth principal aspect, or the timing assembly described in relation to the seventh principal aspect. [00306] According to a nineteenth principal aspect, there is provided a method for operably configuring an apparatus for use with a closing mechanism configured operable with an actuator for driving a closure assembly carried by a container arranged for transporting bulk material to or toward a first position and a second position, the method comprising configuring the apparatus in a manner in which the apparatus is operable for seeking to prevent inadvertent opening of the closure assembly during transportation of the bulk material.

[00307] Embodiments of the nineteenth principal aspect may comprise operably configuring the apparatus with embodiments or features described in relation to the apparatus of the eighth principal aspect.

[00308] Embodiments of the nineteenth principal aspect may comprise operably configuring the apparatus with embodiments of features described in relation to the latch assembly described herein.

[00309] According to a twentieth principal aspect, there is provided a method for operably configuring a container arranged for transporting bulk material, the method comprising: configuring a discharge opening in the container through which material can be discharged, configuring a closure assembly so as to be associated with the discharge opening, the closure assembly having more than one closure elements arranged operable to or toward an open condition and a closed condition, and configuring the container so as to be operable with the closure assembly when moved to or toward the open condition such that material carried by the container can be discharged via the discharge opening in a manner appropriate to the unloading environment.

[00310] In one embodiment, the method further comprises configuring the discharge opening so as to be defined by the convergence of two side walls and two end walls of the container. [00311] in one embodiment, the method further comprises configuring the container with an intermediate wall so that it is provided substantially between the two end walls so as to define two discharge openings in the container, wherein a first discharge region is defined by the convergence of a first region of the two side walls, one of the end walls and a first portion of the intermediate wall, and a second discharge opening is defined by the convergence of a second region of the two side walis, the alternate end wall and a second portion of the intermediate wall, each first and second discharge opening being associated with a respective closure assembly.

[00312] In another embodiment, the method further comprises configuring the or each closure assembly with an apparatus arranged in accordance with an apparatus according to any of the embodiments thereof described herein so as to be operable for operating the respective closure assembly to or toward the open condition or to or toward closed condition.

[00313] Embodiments of the twentieth principal aspect may comprise operably configuring the container with embodiments or features described in relation to the first to eleventh principal aspects described herein. It will be understood that embodiments of the twentieth principal aspect may be adapted to incorporate any of the features described herein.

[00314] According to a twenty-first principal aspect, there is provided a method for operably configuring a container for carrying bulk material by road or rail in accordance with any of the embodiments of the container described herein.

[00315] Embodiments of the twenty-first principal aspect may comprise operably configuring a container with any of the embodiments or features described herein.

[00316] According to a twenty second principal aspect, there is provided a method for operably configuring a container for carrying bulk material by road or rail in accordance with any of the embodiments of the container described herein.

[003 7] Embodiments of the above principal aspects may serve to lead to increased bulk material carrying capacity, increased loading/discharging rates, which may, at least in part, lead to improved economy of railway freight transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[00318] Further features of the present invention are more fully described in the following description of several non-limiting embodiments thereof. This description is included solely for the purposes of exemplifying aspects of the present invention. It should not be understood as a restriction on the broad summary, disclosure or description of the invention as set out above. The description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a hopper style railroad wagon incorporating one embodiment of an apparatus described herein;

Figure 2 shows a further perspective view of the railroad wagon shown in Figure

1 ;

Figure 3 shows a perspective cross section view of the embodiment of the railroad wagon shown in Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of the railroad wagon of Figures 1 to 3, when viewed from its underside showing one embodiment of an apparatus arranged for operating a closure assembly between open and closed conditions;

Figure 5 shows a close up perspective view of the embodiment of the apparatus shown in Figure 4, with the general arrangement of the apparatus extracted and isolated from the body of the railroad wagon;

Figure 6 shows a close up perspective view of the embodiment of the apparatus shown in Figure 5, when viewed from beneath;

Figure 7 shows another close up perspective view of the embodiment of the apparatus shown in Figures 4 to 6;

Figure 8A shows an end view of the apparatus shown in Figures 4 to 7 (when viewed from the perspective of one end of the railroad wagon);

Figure 8B shows the view shown in Figure 8A including hidden detail;

Figure 8C shows a side view of the views shown in Figure 8A and Figure 8B; Figure 9A shows an end view of the opposing end of the apparatus shown in Figure 8A;

Figure 9B shows the view shown in Figure 9A including hidden detail;

Figure 10 shows an isolated perspective view of the actuator and associated operable componentry used with the apparatus shown in the previous figures;

Figure shows a further view of the actuator and associated operable componentry shown in Figure 10;

Figure 12 shows a close up perspective view of a region of the assembly shown in Figure 9A and Figure 10;

Figure 13 shows a further perspective of that shown in Figure 10;

Figure 14 shows a further close up perspective view of that show in Figure 12;

Figure 15A shows the view presented in Figure 1 , but illustrating relative movement of one of the components shown;

Figure 15B shows the view presented in Figure 1 1 , illustrating the shape and configuration of the edge region of the link element adjacent the shaft;

Figure 16A shows the view presented in Figure 8A, but illustrating relative movement of a number of components when the closure assembly is progressing toward the open condition;

Figure 6B shows the view of Figure 16A having progressed to the open condition, including hidden detail;

Figure 16C shows the view of Figure 16B when seen from the opposite end of the closure assembly;

Figure 17 shows a schematic view of an apparatus configured for modifying the movement of the doors as they move toward the closed condition;

Figure 18 shows a schematic view of the moment just prior to the closure assembly reaching the closed condition; Figure 19A shows a schematic view of a profile of a sidewall arrangement for a container;

Figure 19B shows a schematic view of a profile of an end wall arrangement for a container;

Figure 19C shows a schematic view of a profile of a intermediate wall

configuration for a container;

Figure 20 shows a perspective cross section view of the embodiment of the railroad wagon shown in Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 21 shows a perspective cross section view of the embodiment of the railroad wagon shown in Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 22 shows a close up perspective view of the intermediate wall assembly incorporated within the embodiment of the container shown in the Figures;

Figure 23 shows the embodiment of Figure 22 with the reinforcing structure shown;

Figure 24 shows a close up perspective view of the end wall assembly

incorporated within the embodiment of the container shown in the Figures;

Figure 25 shows the embodiment of Figure 24 with the reinforcing structure shown.

[00319] Any manufacturer's instructions, descriptions, product specifications, and product sheets for any products mentioned herein or in any document incorporated by reference herein, are hereby incorporated herein by reference, and may be employed in the practice of the invention.

[00320] The invention described herein may include one or more range of values (eg. size, displacement and field strength etc). A range of values will be understood to include all values within the range, including the values defining the range, and values adjacent to the range which lead to the same or substantially the same outcome as the values immediately adjacent to that value which defines the boundary to the range. [00321] Other definitions for selected terms used herein may be found within the detailed description of the invention and apply throughout. Unless otherwise defined, all other scientific and technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood to one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention relates.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[00322] The present invention is not to be limited in scope by any of the specific embodiments described herein. These embodiments are intended for the purpose of exemplification only. Functionally equivalent products, formulations and methods are clearly within the scope of the invention as described herein.

[00323] Figure 1 and Figure 2 both show a rail road container assembly 2 configured for carrying bulk material for rail road transportation. The container assembly 2 is configured specifically for transporting iron ore, however, it will be readily understood that the principles exemplified in the container assembly 2 as described herein may be readily applicable for use in providing container assemblies for carrying other forms of bulk material.

[00324] The rail road container assembly 2 comprises a container 4 having side walls 8a, 8b and end wall 12a, 12b assemblies configured so as to define an internal region capable of receiving and retaining bulk material (or like product) for transportation purposes. Particularly, the container 4 of the container assembly 2 is configured as a hopper style container in which bulk material is loaded into the internal space of the container through an open top region 20, and discharged through a lower region 24 (by way of the action of gravity) by way of closure assemblies 28, 28'.

[00325] As the skilled reader will appreciate, the rail road container assembly 2 is configured operable with associated bogie assemblies 16a, 16b to allow the container assembly 2 to travel along an appropriate rail network (not shown), it will be appreciated that the bogie assemblies 16a, 16b, and other associated components, will be well understood by those skilled in the art and are therefore not described in further detail herein.

[00326] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a cross section of the container assembly 2 when taken through a central section of the container 4. In this manner, Figure 3 serves to show the general internal arrangement of the container assembly 2 and, specifically, the configuration of the closure assembly 28 as arranged with the lower region of the side wall assemblies 8a and 8b as they each converge toward the base of the container 4. As the container assembly 2 is configured as a hopper style configuration, the container assembly 2 comprises an intermediate wail assembly 432 which delineates between a discharge (first) region 40 and a further (second) discharge region 44.

[00327] As shown in Figure 3, the lower region of the container assembly 2 is closed (in the configuration shown) by way of the closure assembly 28 having first and second closure elements provided in the form of door units 32, 36 (shown in the closed condition). The door units 32 and 36 are each rotatably mounted to the container assembly 2 at or near its base so as to be movable to or toward a condition in which an opening in the container is created so allowing bulk material to be discharged there through when required.

[00328] Having reference to Figure 4, a perspective view of the underside of the container assembly 2 is shown. As will be implied in Figure 3, the internal region provided in container 4 is configured having the two discharge regions 40, 44 arranged capable of discharging bulk material during unloading. In this manner, each discharge region 40, 44 is arranged with a respective closure assembly 28, 28'. In the configuration shown throughout the figures, the first discharge region 40 is arranged with closure assembly 28, and the second discharge region 44 is arranged with closure assembly 28'. It will be appreciated that closure assembly 28', like closure assembly 28, includes door units 32', 36'. Each closure assembly 28, 28' is provided with an apparatus 48, 48' configured for operating the respective closure assemblies so that the associated door units 32, 32', 36, 36' move, at least in part, in a substantially synchronous manner when moving to or toward the opening or closed conditions.

[00329] Having reference to Figure 5, which shows an isolated perspective view of the closure assembly 28 and associated door units 32, 36, the apparatus 48 (and 48') comprises an actuator 52 and a follower assembly 56 operabiy associated with the actuator 52 so that the follower assembly 56 is movably responsive thereto (by way of being driven by the actuator 52). [00330] As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7, each door unit 32, 36 comprises rectangularly configured door panels 60, 64, and respective end plates {68a, 68b,}, {72a, 72b} which are arranged at opposing ends thereof. Each door unit 32, 36 is rotatably mounted to the container assembly 2 by way of the respective end plates (end plates 68a, 68b for door unit 32, and end plates 72a, 72b for door unit 36). For example, with reference to door unit 36 (shown in Figure 5), end plate 72a is rotatably mounted to the container assembly 2 by way of support structure 76 using a bearing arrangement 80 which is arranged so as to allow the door unit 36 to rotate between open and closed conditions (closed condition shown).

[00331] The bearing arrangement 80 may be configured in any appropriate manner allowing rotational movement of the door unit (32, 36) relative to the container 4 (or associated support structure 76). Commonly available bearing assemblies may find ready application, however, a functionally equivalent workshop variation could be readily realised. For the case shown, the bearing arrangement 80 is configured, for the case of door unit 36 for example (shown in Figure 6), having a narrow gauged region 84 of the end plate 72a arranged between two parallel elements 88a, 88b which extend from the support structure 76. Corresponding apertures are provided in the narrow gauge region 84 and parallel elements 88a, 88b so as to receive a shaft element 92. The shaft element 92 provides a bearing element which serves to facilitate relative movement between the door unit 36 and the container assembly 2. The shaft element 82 is retained in position by way of plate 96 which is arranged on the external face of parallel element 88a so as to prevent the shaft element 92 from becoming free. It will be appreciated that all bearing arrangements 80 which rotatably mount door units 32, 36 to the support structure 76 of the container assembly 2 are arranged in substantially the same manner.

[00332] The actuator 52 is configured so as to provide drive for actuating movement of the door units 32, 36 by way of the follower assembly 56. The actuator 52 is rotatably mounted to a region of the container assembly 2 (see more discussion on this point below with reference to the intermediate wall assembly 432 shown in Figures 22 and 23) in a manner substantially similar to that described above. The actuator 52 may take any form which is capable of providing drive or movement to the follower assembly 56 (as will be described below). In the form shown, the actuator 52 comprises a pneumatic ram unit comprising a cylinder l OO _^ and a corresponding piston 104, both configured operable so as the piston 104 moves in a bidirectional manner along a driving axis (the driving axis being concentric with the cylinder 100). The skilled reader will readily appreciate that other variations of actuation and/or drive will be possible and which could be adapted for use with the apparatus 48 (48') described herein.

[00333] Having reference now to Figures 8A to 8C (hidden detail being shown in Figure 8B), the actuator 52 is supported within a support assembly 160. The support assembly 160 comprises a cage unit 164 comprising four rods 168 and end plates 172, 176 arranged with the rods 168 so as to capture and contain the actuator 52 there between in a secure manner. Each end plate 172, 176 is associated with a respective reinforcing plate 173, 177 to assist with supporting the cylinder 100 and its associated componentry (hydraulic/pneumatic hoses etc). The end plates 172, 176 and reinforcing plates 173, 177 are fastened together using the rods 168 so as to effectively clamp the cylinder 100 between plates 173, 177 using a nut and bolt fastening arrangement 179 (see also Figures 10 and 1 1) threadingly engaged with appropriate regions of rods 168. End plate 176 further includes a mount portion 180 which serves to provide a rotatable connection of the support assembly 160 with the container assembly 2 (by way of the intermediate wall assembly 432 discussed below).

[00334] The skilled reader will readily appreciate that other arrangements for supporting the actuator unit 52 in a substantially rotatable manner relative to the container assembly 2 will be possible. It will be appreciated that the support assembly 160 is also configured so as to account for any number of associated operational components, such as for example, pneumatic/hydraulic hoses, as may be required for normal operation of the actuator 52.

[00335] Having regard to Figure 8A (and indeed Figure 8), the follower assembly 56 comprises link 108, shaft 112, lever 1 16, and arm 120. The follower assembly 56 serves to provide a pendulum like arrangement when driven by the actuator 52. In the arrangement shown, link 108 is configured at a first end 122 to rotatably connect with a distal end 124 of the piston 04. In a similar manner, a second end 128 of the link 108 is rotatably connected to shaft 1 12 by way of a mounting element 132. The mounting element 132 is configured so as to be fixed relative to the shaft 112 and extends outward therefrom to meet and engage (in a rotatable manner) with the second end 128 of the link 108. The mounting element 132 is provided as two like components 132a, 132b spaced apart from one another so as to receive the second end 128 of the link 108 in a manner allowing the link to remain free from adverse interference during movement relative to the shaft 112. In this manner, the rotatable connection between the second end 128 of the link 108 and the shaft 112 is eccentric of the longitudinal axis A of the shaft 112. !n operation, drive provided by the actuator unit 52 is therefore transferred to the shaft 1 12 by way of the link 108.

[00336] As shown in Figure 6, the shaft 112 is rotatably supported by the first door unit 32 so that the shaft 1 12 may rotate relative to the door unit 32 in response to drive provided by way of the actuator 52. Accordingly, movement or drive provided by the actuator 52 causes or facilitates rotation of the shaft 1 12about its longitudinal axis A. in the arrangement shown, movement of the piston 104 serves to cause an anti-clockwise movement of the shaft 112 (when the arrangement is viewed from the perspective shown in Figure 8A).

[00337] The lever 1 16 is arranged in fixed relationship to the shaft 1 12, extending away from the shaft in a direction which is substantiaily below a horizontal plane H which passes through the longitudinal axis A of the shaft 1 12 by an amount δ (when in the closed condition). Thus, movement or rotation of the shaft 1 12 by way of the actuator 52 causes a corresponding rotational movement of lever 1 16 about the axis A of the shaft in the anti-clockwise direction.

[00338] The arm 120 is of arcuate form having two opposing free ends 136, 140. The first free end 136 of arm 120 is rotatably connected with a distal end 144 of the lever 116. As will be understood from the Figures, lever 1 16 is provided as two like formed components 116a, 116b arranged in spaced and fixed relationship with the shaft 112. The space provided between lever components 116a, 1 16b is configured so as to receive the first free end 136 of arm 120.

[00339] The second free end 140 of arm 120 is rotatably connected with door unit 36 by way of its end piate 68a as shown. Particularly, the end plate 68a is provided with a mount 184 which is arranged in fixed relation thereto. The mount 184 comprises parallel elements 188a, 188b provided in a spaced apart manner so as to receive the second free end 140 of arm 120. [00340] The rotational freedoms provided at the connecting regions for the arm 120 and the Iever 1 16 rely on a finite length elongate section of shaft 186 being received within corresponding apertures and retained in position by way of a respective retaining pin 148. It will be appreciated that all rotatable mountings can be configured using any means known in the art which serves to allow connecting elements to pivot relative one another. Bearing assemblies may be readily employed at these regions, however, shaft elements held in place by retaining pins 148 are sufficient for present purposes.

[00341] As will be clear from the view shown in Figure 8A, the arcuate form of arm 120, at least in part, is configured or shaped so as to account for shaft 1 12 so that the distal end of Iever 1 16 may extend below the plane H as shown. It will be understood that when the closure assembly 28 is in the closed condition, the follower assembly 56 is arranged such that the arm 120 is biased toward to the shaft 1 12. In this manner, the follower assembly 56 is in a 'deadlock' like condition which serves to, at least in part, prevent inadvertent movement of the closure assembly 28 to or toward the open condition (ie. during transit). As will be understood from the description above, the configuration of iever 1 16 resting below axis A requires significant positive drive to be provided to shaft 112 in order for the difference δ to be overcome before doors 32, 36 can progress to an open condition. Thus, only when actuator 52 provides affirmative drive to shaft 1 12, can lever 116 be made operable to initiate opening of the door units 32, 36. In this manner, the door units 32, 36 are, in effect, deadlocked in the closed condition. In one arrangement, the vertical distance between the longitudinal axis of the shaft 1 12 and a plane passing though the axes of rotation where the arm element 120 rotatably connects with the door unit 36 and the axis of rotation shared at the rotatable connection between Iever 1 16 and arm 120 (at free end 136 of arm 120), is about 25mm.

[00342] Figure 9A and Figure 9B (showing hidden detail) both show the opposing end of the follower assembly 56 which employs Iever 152 and arm 156, each of which correspond with lever 1 16 and arm 120 respectively and are arranged to operate in a substantially similar manner.

[00343] In operation, when the door units 32, 36 are to be moved toward the open condition, the actuator 52 is made operable and commences movement of piston 104, As such, link 108 begins to rotate relative to the shaft 112. As described below, the link 108 will cease rotation relative the shaft 1 12 once contact therewith is made (prpviding a fulcrum). In turn, drive is then transferred to the shaft 112 by way of link 108 causing the shaft 112 to rotate in an anti-clockwise manner. Due to the link 108 being rotatably connected to both the piston 104 and the end plate 132 of shaft 1 12, the geometrical configuration of the link 108 provides sufficient leverage for rotating shaft 1 12 in the desired manner.

[00344] Further movement of the piston 104 results in continued rotation of the shaft 1 12, so causing the lever 1 16 to begin rotating about axis A. As is clear from Figure 8A (and Figure 16A), a consequence of this rotation is to cause arm 120 to move away from shaft 112. As such, arm 120 pushes (by way of its second free end 140) on the end plate 72a of door unit 36 so as to facilitate the door unit (36) to rotate toward the open condition.

[00345] As this movement is in progress, a corresponding movement is occurring in respect of the door unit 32. As will be clear from the Figures, the rotational mounting of the actuator 52 with the intermediate wall assembly 432 allows the piston 104 to continue transferring drive to the shaft 112. In addition, as the piston 104 is extending, not only is rotational drive being provided to the shaft 1 12 (by way of link 108), but downward movement is also being provided to the shaft 1 12 (which is carried by the door unit 32) so as to cause the door unit 32 to rotate or pivot about its mounting with the support structure 76. Accordingly, using the configuration of the apparatus 48 as shown, both door units 32, 36 can be operated in a substantially synchronous manner.

[00346] When the closure assembly 28 is to be moved to or toward the closing condition, the actuator 52 is operated so that the piston 104 recedes within the cylinder 100. As the recession of the piston 104 progresses, the shaft 1 12 is pulled (by way of link 108) by the actuator 52 and caused to rotate in the clockwise direction. As this movement progresses, lever 1 16 rotates with shaft 112 and causes arm 120 to pull the door unit 36 toward the closed condition. At the same time, the door unit 32 is pulled toward the closing condition (upward by way of shaft 1 12 being rotatably carried by the door unit 32) as the piston 104 recedes.

[00347] The motion of the follower assembly 56 to or toward the closed condition does not follow the same path as the motion toward the open condition. In substance, the movement of the link 108 relative to the shaft 1 12 in the opening motion differs to the closing motion due to the non-symmetrical nature of the shape/configuration of the link 108 and its operation relative to the shaft 1 12 as described below.

[00348] When the door units 32, 36 are in the closed condition, a latch assembly 190 (described in detail below) is provided with the apparatus 48 in order to ensure that the door units 32, 36 are unable to inadvertently fall toward to the open condition during transit. The actuator 52, when piston 104 is fully receded and standing in the closed condition, serves to hold the closure assembly 28 in position. The latch assembly 190 serves to provide a measure of redundancy (in addition to the deadlock arrangement) seeking to avoid the closure assembly 28 inadvertently opening.

[00349] With reference to Figures 10 to 13 (showing the actuator 52 and the latch assembly 190 in the closed condition), the latch assembly 190 comprises a hook element 194 which is associated with the link 108 by way of element 198. The element 198 is provided in fixed relationship with the link 108 by being provided within a recessed portion 202 formed in one side of link 108 as shown in Figure 10. Hook element 194 is connected with element 198 by way of welding or other suitable attachment means.

[00350] An end 206 of the hook element 194 is formed having a hook portion configured to engage with a substantially complimentary tip portion 210 provided as part of a catch 214 (shown in Figure 1 1). The end 206 is configured so as it may engage catch 214 in a supporting manner if needed (ie. as a further measure to ensure that the doors do not fall to the open condition in the event the actuator fails).

[00351] The catch 214 is rotatably connected with the actuator support assembly 160 (so as to be rotatable about an axis T3) by way of a mount assembly 248 provided at the base of end plate 172. The mount assembly 248 comprises parallel spaced apart elements 250a, 250b which are mounted to the underside of end plate 172. In this manner, the catch 214 is provided with an aperture corresponding to apertures provided in the spaced apart elements 250a, 250b, all of which receive a shaft element 186 for allowing rotational freedom of the catch 214.

[00352] A biasing means provided in the form of coil spring 218 operates between the mount assembly 248 (fixed to a plate 254 which is connected to both of elements 250a, 250b) and the catch 214 (at attachment point 258 (Figure 14) provided with catch 214) to bias the tip 210 of the catch 214 toward the position shown (closed position); that being one in which the catch 214 can engage or interfere with the end 206 of the hook element 194 in the event the actuator 52 were to inadvertently release toward the opening condition.

[00353] With reference to Figure 12, the end 122 of the link 108 connects with the piston 04 of the actuator 52 by way of being received within parallel elements 226a, 226b of fork 230. This arrangement allows relative rotation between the piston 104 and the link 108 about an axis T2. Fork 230 comprises a neck 236 which includes a threaded annulus which threadingly engages with a threaded portion provided at distal region 244 of the piston 104, and secured in place by way of nut 240.

[00354] When the door units 32, 36 are in the closed position, the end 206 of the hook element 194 is spaced from the tip 210 of the catch 214. The clearance shown is sufficient for allowing the hook element 206 substantially unimpeded movement when subject to affirmative drive provided by the actuator 52 when operating an opening cycle. In this manner, and with reference to Figure 1 1 and Figure 15A/B, when drive is provided to the link 108 by actuator 52 for the purposes opening the door units 32, 36, the link 108 rotates clockwise pivoting about an axis T1.

[00355] Operation of the link 108 about the axis T2 causes, at least in part, the end 206 of the hook element 194 to rotate out from potential interference with the tip 210 of the catch 214 - as shown in Figure 15, this movement is illustrated by movement of hook element 194 from position P1 to new position P2 (shown in broken line). In this manner, the geometrical configuration of the axes T1 and T2, and indeed the freedom of the actuator 52 to rotate about an axis T4, provides sufficient articulation to ensure that no adverse interference is encountered by the link 108 when under drive by the actuator 52 when seeking to move the door units 32, 36 to the open condition. Thus, when opening the closure assembly 28, hook element 194 is rotated away from and therefore out of any potential adverse engagement with catch 214. In effect, the movement commences an opening cycle in accordance with a first path of movement.

[00356] Continued extensional movement of the piston 104 rotates the link 108 about axis T1. This rotational motion continues until a contact edge portion 222a of link 108 engages with the shaft 1 12 serving to prevent further rotation of link 108 relative to the shaft 1 2 about axis T1 . Once so engaged, further extension of the piston 104 serves to transfer torque to the shaft 1 12 so that the shaft begins to rotate while also being pushed downward, causing the door unit's (32, for example) to rotate about their mounting point (axis of rotation D1 ).

[00357] With reference now also to Figure 16A (the door units 32, 36 progressing toward the open condition), Figure 16B (showing the door units 32, 36 in the fully open condition), and Figure 16C (that shown in Figure 16B, but including hidden detail), as rotation of shaft 112 continues, lever 1 6 begins to rotate about axis A (in the direction denoted by reference 1 16R) while also pivoting about axis of rotation D1 due to its association with the underside of door unit 32 (rotation in the direction 32R). This motion, at least in part, allows the link 108 to rotate back toward the shaft 1 12 whereby an edge portion 223 of iink 108 rotates toward the shaft 1 12 ending in the position as shown in Figure 16A once the motion completes and the open condition is reached. This final position is possible due to the shape of the edge portion 223 (that facing the shaft 112) as it is configured so as to accommodate proximal positioning with shaft 112. In contrast, the edge portion 222a of link 108 is arranged so as to affirmatively interfere with the shaft 112 once a desired rotational limit is reached, ie. continued anticlockwise rotation of iink 108 about axis T1 causes edge portion 222a to interfere with shaft 1 2 to prevent further relative movement. However, edge portion 223 of link 108 is configured so as to allow the shaft 1 12 to become proximal with link 108 when it is rotated clockwise about axis T1. In this manner, the movement of the opening and closing cycles (which follows a second path of movement) is different.

[00358] Thus, as positive rotation of shaft 12 commences (ie. when edge portion 222a of the link 108 has made contact with the shaft 1 12), further extension of piston 104 causes two rotational movements: movement of door unit 32 about axis D1 , and rotational movement of shaft 1 12 about axis A. Rotational movement about axis D1 serves to move door unit 32 toward the open condition, while rotational movement of shaft 1 12 about axis A rotates lever 1 16 and pushes arm 120 (in direction 120 ) so as to cause door unit 36 to pivot about axis of rotation D2 (in the direction of rotation 36R). In this manner, both door units 32, 36 move in a single substantially synchronous movement toward the open condition. [00359] As foreshadowed above, it will be appreciated that a degree of inherent resistance is met (and needed to be overcome) during the portion of the motion in which shaft 1 12 is being driven to rotate lever 1 16 the amount δ so as to align the lever with axis A in the horizontal plane H. As noted above, this configuration offers some redundancy to ensure that the door units 32, 36 remain closed in the event of any failure on the part of the actuator 52 or other components in the system. The resistance met during the opening movement reduces significantly once lever 1 16 progresses passed this stage, at which point the rate of movement toward to the open condition will increase markedly.

[00360] Movement of the door units 32, 36 to the closed condition is similar compared to opening, however, the initial rotation of link 108 away from the shaft 112 in order to avoid engagement with catch 214 is omitted. As described above, such movement only occurs during the opening cycle due to the configuration of the interior edge portions 222a and edge portion 223 (relative to the shaft 1 12 and the actuator 52) which governs movement of the link 108 relative to the shaft 1 12 depending upon its direction of rotation about axis T1 , so allowing a much wider scope of rotational movement than that possible in the alternate direction. In this manner, the movement of the opening and closing cycles, and the respective paths of movement, vary to account for, at least in part, the operation of the latch assembly 190.

[00361] As described above, the apparatus 48 allows the door units 32, 36 to be operable in a substantially synchronous manner. As the skilled reader will appreciate, this is advantageous for the purposes of achieving a favourable discharge rate. However, synchronous movement of this kind can provide disadvantages when the door units 32, 36 are to be moved toward the closed condition for transport and/or loading purposes. It can be desirable to ensure that some degree of overlap exists between the door units 32, 36 when in the closed condition. In one respect, the leading edge of one door unit overlapping the leading edge of the alternate door assists, at least in part, in establishing a sufficient seal so that material held within the container 4 is less likely to work lose during transportation (often resulting due to vibration when in transit).

[00362] Accordingly, the container assembly 2 may be arranged or configured with an apparatus which serves as a timing assembly for modifying the movement of the closure assembly 28 when operated for the purposes of moving the door units 32, 36 to the closed condition. In this manner, the timing assembly is arranged so as to control or govern the movement of the doors units 32, 36 relative one another when moving to or toward the closed condition.

[00363] With reference to Figure 17 and Figure 18, an apparatus for modifying the movement of the door units 32, 36 relative one another during a closing cycle (provided in the form of a timing assembly 264) is shown. The timing assembly 264 is configured for modifying the movement of one of the door units 32, 36 so that the door units can complete the closing cycle in a substantially overlapped configuration. In this manner, the leading edges of the doors can be overlapped in a manner which serves to, at least in part, seal the closure assembly so that bulk material carried within the container 4 is less likely to escape during transit.

[00364] The timing assembly 264 comprises a catch element 268 associated with the door unit 32, a striker element 272 associated with the door unit 36, and a stop element 276 arranged relative the closure assembly 28 so as to be movable to and from a position in which the stop 276 may engage with the catch 268 as the door units 32, 36 move toward one another. The stop 276, catch 268 and striker 272 members are configured relative one another so that contact between the catch 268 and the stop 276 substantially delays movement of the door unit 32 until the contact is disrupted by the striker 272 as door unit 36 moves to or toward the closed condition.

[00365] The stop 276 is provided at a region of the container 4 which is substantially adjacent the ends of the door units 32, 36. Particularly, the stop 276 is arranged on a region 280 of the container 4 so as to possess rotational freedom relative thereto in a plane substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the container 4. The axis about which the stop 276 rotates is aligned substantially with the longitudinal axis of the container 4. The striker 272 is provided in the form of a finite length elongate element which is permanently attached or carried by the door unit 36. A portion of the striker 272 is welded to the door unit 36 allowing a tip 308 to extend therefrom.

[00366] The stop 276 is a provided in the form of an elongate member of finite length having two opposing free ends. The stop 276 is rotatably mounted at a first end 292 to the region 280 by way of a mount assembly 284 which is configured so as to allow the stop 276 rotational freedom of a predetermined scope. The rotatabie engagement of the first end 292 of the stop 276 with the container 4 is provided by way of a suitable bearing assembly. The mount assembly 284 includes a detent element 288 which is arranged so as to limit the scope of rotational freedom of the stop 276.

[00367] A second free end 296 of the stop 276 is configured so as to meet the catch 268 at a predetermined point as the door units 32, 36 move toward one another during the closing cycle. With reference to Figure 18 (the point at which striker 272 contacts the stop 276), the end region 300 of the second free end 296 of the stop 276 is shaped so that contact with a contact face 304 of the catch 268 is possible. Such contact, when it occurs, is sufficient to at least delay movement of the door unit 32 until contact between the stop 276 and the catch 268 is broken by way of the striker 272 rotating in direction S toward the door unit 32. Once contact between the stop 276 and the catch 268 is broken by way of a tip 308 of the striker 272 striking the stop 276, door unit 32 is released and immediately follows movement of door unit 36 into the final closing condition. In this manner, when the door units 32, 36 finally reside in the closed condition, the leading edge of door unit 36 overlaps with the leading edge of door unit 32, ie, the leading edge of door unit 36 resides substantially interior of the container 4.

[00368] As noted, the point of rotation of the door unit 32 at which the stop 276 meets the catch 268 (so as to prevent further movement of the door unit 32} is a function of the relative positioning and geometry of the stop 276, striker 272, and the catch 268. In one aspect, the rotational freedom of the stop 276 may be arranged so as to be variable so that the scope of its movement can be altered if needed. In this regard, movement of the stop 276 may be controlled by way of the detent element 288 being configured or positioned relative to the first end 292 of the stop 276 so that both interfere with one another. In this manner, adjustment of the detent element 288 serves to increase or reduce the scope of the rotational movement within which the stop 276 may be provided with. The skilled person will appreciate that adjustment of the rotational scope of the stop 276 may be provided for in a number of different ways.

[00369] The catch 268 is arranged to be permanently carried by the first door unit 32 at a location thereon that allows it to make contact with the stop 276 when the first door unit 32 reaches a predetermined position relative to the container 4 when the doors 32, 36 are moving toward the closing condition. It will be appreciated that the predetermined position can be varied as needed, so altering the timing of the closing of the door units 32, 36 as required for a given application. It will also be appreciated that the stop 276, catch 268 and striker 272 can be arranged on either door unit 32, 36 depending on what door unit was needed to overlap the other.

[00370] As noted above, an important factor in the arrangement and configuration of the container assembly 2 is the rate of discharge of the bulk material during unloading and the rate the container may be loaded. In this regard, the quicker the discharge rate, the faster the containers can be processed through an unloading (discharge) facility. However, it will also be appreciated that the manner in which the bulk material is discharged can have the effect of damaging equipment required during the unloading process at an unloading facility. For example, immediate or rapid discharge of the bulk material has the potential to damage the conveyor (or associated equipment) onto which the material is to be placed for carriage away from the unloading facility. It is therefore desirous to seek to achieve a balance between as fast a discharge rate as is possible while reducing or avoiding the risk of causing damage to the unloading equipment and surrounds during discharge.

[00371] To this end, and with reference to Figures 19 to 25, the embodiment of the container 4 is more specifically shown. The container 4 comprises discharge regions 40, 44 through which material can be discharged during the unloading process (for example at a roliing discharge unloading facility). The container 4 comprises the closure assemblies 24, 24' which are each associated with respective the discharge regions 40, 44. The container 4 is configured so as to be operable with the closure assemblies 24, 24' when either are moved to or toward the open condition such that material carried by the container 4 can be discharged via the discharge regions 40, 44 in a manner appropriate to the unloading environment. In this manner, internal side walls 12 (a,b), 8 (a, b), and an intermediate wall assembly 432 (see below) of the container define an interior region of the container 4 and are shaped so as to cooperate with the closure assemblies 24, 24' such that material carried by the container 4 can be discharged via a relevant discharge region in a substantially expeditious regulated manner.

[00372] In one respect, the cooperative relationship between the shaped interior region and a respective closure assembly (24, 24') during discharge of the bulk material serves to, at ieast in part, self-regulate the flow of the material during the discharge event, in this manner, the cooperative relationship between the shaped interior region and the respective closure assembly (24, 24') during discharge serves to, at least in part, confine the flow of the material substantially to a predetermined delivery destination such as, for example, the surface of a conveyor arrangement onto which the material is discharged.

[00373] it will be understood that immediate discharge of bulk material to the surface of a conveying arrangement has the potential to damage the conveyor arrangement resulting in potentially significant (and costly) down time for repair. Furthermore, inaccurate discharge of the material onto the conveyor surface could incur unacceptable material loss, or incur unacceptable time and/or cost inefficiencies in deploying resources to retrieve material not landing on the conveyor.

[00374] Thus, a balance exists in providing a container arrangement which allows for expeditious discharge rates and acceptable discharge accuracy while reducing the potential risk of damaging piant machinery. In this regard, the embodiment of the container 4 has shown to demonstrate favourable discharge characteristics in discharge rate and accuracy by way of the cooperative relationship between the configuration of the walls (12a, 12b, 8a, 8b) and their operable association with the closure assembly (24, 24'). Without being bound by preliminary results, it is considered that the operative relationship between the configuration of the internal of the wails (12a, 12b, 8a, 8b) and the operation of the closure assembly (24, 24') serves to, at least in part, regulate the flow of material during discharge. In this manner, in the absence of physical intervention by human operators, the flow of material during discharge is, at least in one respect, self-regulated and/or, by way of the geometry of the relevant walls and closure assembly, substantially confined to the predetermined delivery destination.

[00375] The container assembly 2 comprises a side wall assembly 352, an end wall assembly 392, and the intermediate wall assembly 432, as shown in Figures 19 to 21. As shown in Figure 19A, the side wall assembly 352 is configured having a side wall formation 356 having upper 368 and lower 372 portions. The lower portion 372 extends upwardly from a discharge region 360 from which bulk material is discharged from the container 4. The lower portion 372 transitions to the upper portion 368 which terminates at a peripheral rim 376 of the container 4 so forming a loading region 364 (at which materia! is loaded into the container 4). [00376] For the embodiment shown in Figure 19A, the lower portion 372 of the side wail formation 356 extends upwardly in a direction substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the container 4 in a linear manner at an angle Θ1 of about 65 degrees when measured relative the horizontal plane (it will be appreciated that angle Θ1 could, for some embodiments, be between about 50 degrees to about 80 degrees). Extension of the lower portion 372 continues and progresses so as to transition to the upper portion 368 which is shaped in a curvilinear manner toward the interior region of the container 4. in this manner, the cross section profile of the side wall formation 356 is configured so as to assist in increasing the overall discharge flow rate, and to seek to reduce risk of material hang-up during the unloading process. The side wall assembly 352 described herein has shown to facilitate, at least in part, a bulk material discharge rate in the order of from about 8 seconds to 12 seconds. Furthermore, the configuration of the sidewall serves, at least in part, to increase or improve the loading of bulk material during the loading process. The curvilinear portion of the upper portion 368 of the side wall formation 356 can be provided by way of a radius of between from about 1500mm to about 1800mm. In other embodiments, the curve or non-linear portion of the upper portion of the side wall formation is provided by way of one or more portions thereof having a radius of between from about 1500mm to about 1800mm.

[00377] Although difficult to assess in the figures, a portion of the upper portion 368 of the side wall formation at or near the rim of the side wall formation 356 is arranged so as to be substantially flat or linear. In this manner, the upper portion 368 of the side wall formation 356 inciudes a transition region in which the curvilinear section of the upper portion transitions to the substantially flat or linear portion. In one arrangement, the substantially flat or linear portions of the upper portion 356 of the side wall formations of the side wall 8a, 8b respectively substantially converge or extend toward one another. Arrangements of this manner serve to, at least in part, reduce or avoid the accumulation of materia! during unloading and/or loading processes, and or assist in the loading process.

[00378] The side wall assembly 352 further comprises reinforcing sections 380 (at the rim 376 of the side wall section 356), 384 and 388 (at the lower portion 372 of the side wall section 356). It can be seen that reinforcing sections 380, 384, and 388 all extend longitudinally of the container 4 along the external face of the side wall formation 356 for providing longitudinal (relative to ^ε^^η^^^Ι pis of the container 4) support to the side wall (for transferring longitudinal force etc). For the most part, this will be understood to assist in reducing the need for reinforcing structure to be provided internal of the container which could serve to provide obstruction to material during the unloading process.

[00379] While reinforcing sections 380 and 388 are of similar section geometry, it is to be noted that reinforcing section 384 is provided of a non-regular cross sectional shape. Reinforcing section 384 extends along the longitudinal length of the container 4 and is attached to external face of the lower portion 372 of the side wall formation 356 (such as for example, by way of a suitable welding process). The reinforcing section 384 comprises three component elements: a first section 384a which extends outward from the side wail formation 356, a second section 384b which meets section 384a and extends substantialiy vertically to meet a third section 384c which extends back to the side wall formation 356. In the embodiment shown, the first section 384a extends away from the side wall formation 356 at a first angle relative thereto. The second section 384b extends vertically relative the first section 384a at a second angle. The third section 384c is also configured so as to be provided at a third angle relative to the side wall formation 356. In this manner, the structural rigidity/stiffness of the reinforcing section 384 is configured so as to provide sufficient reinforcement to the side wall assembly 352. It will be appreciated that the relative angles between the first section 384a and third section 384c can be any which assist in the increasing or improving the reinforcing function of the section 384 to the side wail assembly 352. In the embodiment shown, the first angle is about 65 degrees; the second angle is about 90 degrees; and the third angle is about 115 degrees.

[00380] The location of the reinforcing section 384 on the side wall formation 356 in the embodiment shown is also advantageous in that it is provided at the lower region of the side wall formation 352. Due to the reinforcing section 384 being larger in overall dimension than reinforcing sections 380, 388, when provided at the lower region of the side wall formation 356 the size of reinforcing section 384 fits well within the required cross sectional envelope. Furthermore, reinforcing sections of larger size/mass can be tolerated when provided lower down on the container 4 so as to keep the centre of gravity of the container as low down as possible, a flow on advantage from this being to maintain or improve transport characteristics of the container and/or improving the payload capacity, in this manner, the container 4 can be designed to carry more material (which can be placed higher in the container where the side walls are wider) while seeking to exploit the advantageous loading/unloading rates achieved by prototypes of the embodiment shown.

[00381] It would be appreciated that various configurations of reinforcing structure could be arranged for use for supporting the side wall section 356 (and indeed the remaining walls of the container 4).

[00382] The container 4 further comprises an end wall assembly 392 as shown in Figure 19B (and in Figures 24 and 25). For the embodiment shown in Figure 19B. The end wall assembly 392 comprises end wall formation 400 having a lower end wail plate portion 404 and an upper end wall plate portion 408. The lower end wall plate portion 404 extends upwardly in a direction (which is aligned substantially with the longitudinal direction of the container 4 from a vertical end plate 520 which is adjacent discharge region 444) in a substantially linear manner at an angle Θ2 of about 70 degrees when measured relative to the horizontal plane (it will be appreciated that angle Θ2 could, for some embodiments, be between about 60 degrees to about 80 degrees).

[00383] The extension of the lower end wall plate portion 404 continues and progresses to the upper end wall plate portion 408 of the end wall formation 400 which is also configured in a linear manner but arranged so as to progress at a reduced angle Θ3 of about 60 degrees from the horizontal plane as compared to the lower end wall plate portion 404 (it will be appreciated that angle Θ3 could, for some embodiments, be between about 50 degrees to about 70 degrees). In this manner, the profile of the end wall formation 400 is configured so as to at least assist in increasing the overall discharge flow rate near the discharge region 396, to at least assist in the expeditious loading of material during a loading process, and/or to seek to reduce or avoid risk of material hang-up during the unloading process.

[00384] With reference also to Figures 23 and 25, the end wall assembly 392 further comprises reinforcing elements 420 (at rim 428 of the end wail assembly 392), and longitudinal reinforcing elements (such as sill elements or sections) 416a-c spaced along the vertical span of the end wall formation 400 for supporting the end wall formation 400. The end wall assembly 392 also includes reinforcing webs 412a/b and associated reinforcing element 424 which serve to afford additional structural support to the end wall formation 400.

[00385] Reinforcing webs 412a/b are spaced from one another at a region which is centra! of the end wall assembly 392 as shown in the relevant Figures so as to provide sufficient structural support for the end wall formation 400 along the longitudinal axis of the container 4. Lateral reinforcing members (such as sill sections or elements) 500a-g are arranged relative to the longitudinal reinforcing sections 412a/b for affording further structural support to the end wall formation 400.

[00386] As is shown in Figures 24 and 25, the reinforcing arrangement shown for the end wall assembly 392 is generally symmetrical about the longitudinal axis of the container. The end wall assembly 392 also includes end close plate 505 arranged on the opposing side to that of the end wall formation 400 about the reinforcing webs 412a/b. in this manner, the end wall formation 400, the reinforcing webs 412a/b, and the end close plate 505 operate with one another to provide a box structure. The structural reinforcing arrangement shown for the end wall assembly 392 has found to be advantageous for the container for carrying iron ore. It would be appreciated that various configurations of reinforcing structure could be arranged for use for supporting the end wall formation 400. The reinforcing structure for the end wall assembly 392 is welded together as appropriate.

[00387] The container 4 further comprises the intermediate wall assembly 432, as shown in Figure 19C, and Figures 22 and 23. For the embodiment shown, a first intermediate wall formation 436 extends upwardly from a vertical end plate 449a (which is adjacent a discharge region 448) in a direction aligned substantially with the longitudinal direction of the container 4 in a substantially linear manner at an angle Θ4 of about 70 degrees when measured relative to the horizontal plane (it will be appreciated that angle Θ4 could, for some embodiments, be between about 60 degrees to about 80 degrees). The extension of the first intermediate wall formation 436 progresses to an upper region 450 where it terminates as rim 452 which forms a transverse ridge 485 (see Figures 22 and 23).

[00388] The structure for the first intermediate wall formation 436 is substantially similar to that for a second intermediate wall formation 440, the arrangement of which is mirrored about axis Y as shown in Figure C. In this manner, the second intermediate wall formation 440 extends linearly upwardly from vertical end plate 449b (which is adjacent the discharge region 444) to an upper region 456 so as to meet the first intermediate wall section to form transverse ridge 485. In this arrangement, as the container 4 is configured as a hopper style container, two discharge regions are provided (448 and 444) for respective regions in the container - and which are associated with respective closure assemblies. Thus, the intermediate wall assembly 432 serves to delineate between the two discharge regions while configured so as to seek to improve the rate of discharge of the material during unloading.

[00389] As shown in Figures 22 and 23, the intermediate wail assembly 432 comprises a reinforcing assembly comprising longitudinal and lateral sill sections configured in a similar arrangement to that for the end wall assembly 392. As shown in the figures, the intermediate wall assembly 432 comprises longitudinal reinforcing members (or sili elements) 475a-b spaced from one another for providing support for the first intermediate wall formation 436; and corresponding longitudinal reinforcing members 475c-d arranged in a similar manner providing support for the second intermediate wall formation 440. The support structure further comprises reinforcing channel sections 472a and 472b provided at the base of the first 436 and second 440 intermediate wall formations respectively. As shown in the Figures, each of the reinforcing channel sections 472a/b are closed sections.

[00390] The support structure for the intermediate wall assembly 432 also comprises a number of lateral reinforcing members 470a-d and 480a-d configured relative to the longitudinal reinforcing members 475a-d and reinforcing channel sections 472a/b which provide a generally symmetrical reinforcing structure about the longitudinal axis of the container as shown in Figures 22 and 23. The generally 'A' shape arrangement provided by the first 436 and second 440 intermediate wall formation is supported longitudinally by way of reinforcing sections 465a-g. It is shown in Figure 23 that the support assembly 160 holding actuator unit 52 is rotatably supported (by way of an actuator hanger bracket 431a (and 431 b) by respective longitudinal reinforcing sections 465b and 465c arranged between the first 436 and second 440 intermediate wall formation (ie. within the 'A' shape configuration of the intermediate wall assembly 432). Thus, in this manner, the general configuration of the TV frame structure is, at least in part, to provide sufficient space for the operation (movement) of the actuator 52 during the dosing and opening cycles.

[00391] The intermediate wall assembly 432 further comprises partition plates 490 and associated reinforcement plates 495 positioned at the side of the intermediate wall assembly 432 which interfaces with respective side assemblies 352. The function of the partition plate 490 and associated reinforcement plate 495 is to assist in providing structural support to the relevant side wall assembly 352 while seeking to reduce any impediment to the flow of material during an unloading operation.

[00392] Any of the reinforcing members (including webs and the like) and/or materials from which associated elements of the side, end, or intermediate walls may be made from are steel or stainless steel such, for example, TT4401 stainless steel or Chinese T4003 stainless steel. Components of the container (or rail wagon) may be constructed using carbon steel materials. It will be understood that any material could be used or adapted for a function or purpose appropriate to one or more of the material's characteristic strengths.

[00393] Test embodiments of the end wall 392 and intermediate wall 432 assemblies described herein have been shown to facilitate, at least in part, a bulk material discharge rate in the order of from about 8 seconds to 12 seconds.

[00394] The closure assemblies (24, 24') are arranged to operate at about 400kPa main reservoir (MR) pressure when the container is loaded and when empty. All associated components of the door assemblies may be configured appropriately so as to withstand and operate correctly with up to 1200kPa MR pressure.

[00395] In embodiments, of the apparatus of the above described principal aspects, it will be appreciated that the actuator 52 may be operable by way of any appropriate power circuit as may be required. For embodiments where the actuator 52 is a pneumatic cylinder, it will be understood that an appropriate air control system can be readily developed for powering and controlling operation of the pneumatic cylinder, in this regard, it will be appreciated that a compressed air supply will generally be present and arranged in communication with the actuator by way of an appropriate air delivery/control circuit comprising an arrangement of components for facilitating operation of the pneumatic cylinder. Such a delivery/control circuit may comprise an arrangement of one or more of the following: connecting conduit sections, ball valves, check valves, Y-type filters, air reservoirs, drain ball valves, ball va!ve venting, air treatment components, manual valves, silencers, solenoid valves, hand operated valves, shuttle valves, pilot operated valves, and/or exhaust valves. In many embodiments, such a delivery/control circuit will often be configured so as to be carried by the container assembly (or rail wagon assembly).

[00396] The embodiment of the container assembly 4 described above is intended for use with iron ore. However, it will be appreciated that other dry materials such as coal, cereals, wood chips, sand, gravel and stone in loose bulk form. It will also be appreciated that bulk material could also include mixed wastes. Thus, the skilled reader will appreciate that the material which could benefit from the embodiment described herein could be any generally dry loose particulate type material capable of transportation in bulk form.

[00397] Embodiments of the container assembly 2 may be configured so as to comprise any of the following characteristics:

(') a potential loading capacity of about 79 tonnes;

(ϋ) weight of about 21 tonnes or less;

(iii) an axel loading of about 25 tonnes;

(iv) an operating speed of about 110km/h;

(v) a volume (water level) of about 35m ³ ;

(v) an outline gauge in accordance with WestNet Rail 1435 gauge

(vi) a centre of gravity not exceeding 2490mm above the head of the rai

(when embodied in the form of a rail wagon).

[00398] In a rolling discharge context, where a chain of rail wagons are processed for unloading purposes in a rolling succession, the discharge rate commences from the opening of a closure assembly of one wagon to the time the closure assembly of the subsequent wagon opens. In this regard, the discharge rates for embodiments of the container using forms of the side wall, end wall and intermediate wall assemblies described herein, could be from about 87 second to 90 seconds,

[00399] Furthermore, in a rolling discharge context, the speed of the wagons (embodied with a container described herein) when being processed through an unloading or discharge facility move at a speed of from between about 2km/hour to about 4km/hour.

[00400] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the principal aspects of the invention described herein are susceptible to variations and modifications other than those specifically described. The invention includes all such variation and modifications. The invention also includes all of the steps, features, formulations and compounds referred to or indicated in the specification, individually or collectively and any and all combinations or any two or more of the steps or features.

[00401] It will be understood that, throughout this specification, and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.

[00402] Furthermore, throughout the specification, and in the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "include" or variations such as "includes" or "including", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.