Description

SEMI-CYLINDERICAL, CYLINDERICAL AND SEMI- SPHERICAL LED LAMPS

[1] The present invention relates to a new kind of LED lamps that illuminate around space of lamp from more than 180 degrees to completely surrounding space, i.e. 360 degree in stead of illuminating just front side of LED lamp that is a common feature of commercial LED lamps. Enhancing (diverging ) of light to such wide angles is not accomplished by any optical device like lenses, or diffusers , etc. LEDs are mounted on very narrow strips of electronic boards and boards are sticked to one another such that to constitute cylindrical or semi-cylindrical shape like an ordinary fluorescent lamp. Another possible shapes are hemisphere or sphere shape LED lamps that can be manufactured by mounting LEDs on a flexible electronic strips or on a hemisphere surfaces. Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem

[2] An inherent characteristics of hight-brightness LEDs , ultra-brightness LEDs , mega- brightness LEDs, superflux LEDs and high power LEDs is very narrow emitting angles, even when a diverging lens is implemented, light beam is broadened (diverged) only in to small angles (approximately 30 degree -70 degree around emitting axel). Thus, LED lamps that are constituted of several LEDs or tens of LEDs that are mounted on a circular or rectangular surfaces or any planar surfaces, can illuminate only their front side and there is almost very weak or no light in other angles like side angles.

[3] In traditional LED lamps, by implementation of diverging lenses or thick glasses in front of LEDs, it is tried to enhance (broaden) emitted- light to wider angles, but still such lamps can illuminate their front side of the lamp and intensity pattern of other directions is weak.

[4] By implementation of big lenses in front of LEDs, size of lamp is increased drasticaly. If number of LED modules is increased to about tens of LEDs, then the diverging lenses will increase size of lamp unacceptably and on the other hand diminishing glasses will absorb a considerable portion of emitted light. This problem forces manufacturers to make rather small size LED lamps for indoor lighting applications and yield less efficiency.

[5] The second important problem of LED lamps is that, almost all emitted light from

LEDs are directed just toward front side of LED lamp. Thus, there is a very intense light in front side of LED lamp that is irritating for eyes. If the total intensity could be broaden to wider angles, then the emitted light power divided to more surface area that

means less intense light and more pleasant light. Because, intensity of a field is calculated by power per surface ( energy per time per surface area) that by increasing surface the intensity will decrease without reduction of energy of emitted light.

[6] Due to very directional light beam pattern of LED lamps, such lamps do not produce homogeneous light pattern, i.e. very intense light in front side and very weak light in other directions. In the case of signage-lighting applications, this factor is of minor effect but for indoor general lighting applications, this will be an important problem.

[7] Implementation of diverging optical devices like diverging lenses on the package of

LED lamps will increase cost of such lamps and also decreases artistic design features of LED lamps. This is one of the most important problems that is encountered in traditional (common) LED lamps because diverging-optical devices are costly to be manufactured and make shapes of lamps less artistic. Each kind of LEDs, no matter of it's shape (pin-through or surface-mounting) individually implements a diverging lens and implementation of another lens or diminishing glasses or diffusers yields another technical difficulty during manufacturing of such lamps.

[8] If each LED pixel has uniform ( homogeneous) pattern, still this problem will not be solved ( i.e. front-side directional beam of LED lamp), because when a number of LEDs are mounted on a emitting surface of a LED lamp, their wide pattern (for example 100 degrees around main axis) will ovelap to one another and the resultant pattern will be a funnel-shape (conical) pattern that the top of funnel is emitting surface of lamp.

[9] Finally, the most important draw back of LED lamps does not lie in LEDs but the method of setting them, in other words setting LEDs on non-planar surfaces, e.g. semi- spherical geometry will solve above mentioned problem and broadening the emitted- pattern of each LED to very wide angles, will not solve the problem. Technical Solution

[10] The solution of the most important problem of LED lamps, i.e. just illuminating front side of LED lamps ( even by implementation additional optical devices for diverging of LED lamps) is solved by setting LEDs such that constitute semi-cylindrical, cylindrical, hemispheres, or sphere shapes.

[11] Each LED acts like a light emitting pixel, and just because that all LEDs do not directed just to front side and each of them is directed to a specific direction of surrounding space of LED lamp, then the total emitted light will be broadened on all or a very large portion of surrounding space.

[12] The closer mounted LEDs to one another results more homogeneous light intensity and more intensity per lamp . The total lumen per lamp is proportional to the number of LEDs to be used in a LED lamp but the intensity of light is proportional to the number of LEDs are set per unit surface of lamp, surface of lamp can be rectangular or

circular shapes like traditional (common) LED lamps or area of lateral surface of a semi-cylindrical , cylindrical , hemispherical shapes, that in latter cases, homogeneous resulting light intensity will be spreaded out in a wide angle around lamp or even all of surrounding space of lamp. Latter designs have the advantage of setting a large number of LEDs on a surface of a smaller lamp.

[13] All traditional LED lamps have an emitting plan that all LEDs are set on that surface.

According to the basic electromagnetism, electric field produced by infinite plan surface is independent from distance of illuminated point to the light-emitting surface. A distance of several meters is a good approximation to recognize that emitting plan as an infinite plan. On the other hand illuminating of distance of several meters is a common application of LED lamps. This means very intense and irritating light-pattern in front side of traditional LED lamps that does not decrease significantly along distance of several meters apart from LED lamps. In the case of cylindrical emitting surface the resultant electric field is decreased proportional to inverse of distance and for a point source ( spherical LED lamps) the resultant electric field is decreased proportional to the inverse of square of distance. Then it is obvious that the resultant light intensity is less irritable than traditional LED lamps. It is concluded that the front side irritating light of LED lamps are moderated when the same numbers of LED pixels are set on sem-cylinderical, cylinderical, spherical and semi-spherical lamps.

[14] By slicing printed electronic boards to narrow slices and mounting LEDs in serial or parallel mode depending on the copper printed connection of the electronic board, and by sticking them to one another such that to make semi-cylindrical or cylindrical shape, two cylindrical types of LED lamps is manufactured that LEDs may connect to one another in serial rparallel modes.

[15] By setting LEDs on spherical or hemispherical surfaces, the two spherical types of

LED lamps are manufactured, connections of LEDs are dependent on the (copper) wirings.

[16] Lateral surface area of a cylinder is 2 times of radius multiplied by 3.14. This multiplied by length of cylinder, then it is possible to implant a large number of LEDs, and still having a lamp with sizes like an ordinary fluorescent lamp but if this surface is spreaded like a planar surface, to form an ordinary (traditional) LED lamp, then the resultant lamp will be very big that is undesirable. Advantageous Effects

[17] This kind of LED lamp have all useful characteristics of traditional LED lamps but having homogeneous wide angle light pattern without implementation of any optical device for broadening light of LEDs, much simpler, easier to manufacture, cheaper , more beautiful, more efficient, smaller in compare with traditional LED lamps, and more life-time.

[18] These kinds of LED lamps are very similar to common fluorescent and in- candenscent lamps, that are accepted in any market all over the world and all people are used to them.

[19] These kinds of LED lamps diverge much more proportion of front-side light pattern, in compare with common (traditional) LED lamps. Description of Drawings

[20] Figure.1 is a very simple schematic illustration of a semi-cylindrical LED lamp.

Number of LEDs is 450 and spacing among them is showed very small. This is a typical illustration without recognition of frame and electronic parts.

[21] Figure.2 exhibits top view of a prototype semi-cylindrical LED lamp , number of

LEDs in each row is 90 and totally 5 strips of LEDs is implemented that results a semi- cylindrical LED lamp having 450 LEDs, lateral spacing is about 0.7cm but spaces between each two LEDs on a strip is about 0.05 cm. Other prototype of semi-cylindrical was fabricated easily that having 0.4 cm lateral space which produced more homogeneous light pattern.

[22] Figure.3 illustrates top and front view of a schematic drawing of an hemispherical

LED lamp. This kind of LED lamps may have various sizes according to design method and applications.

[23] Figure.4a shows a prototype narrow strip of electronic board, copper wiring is obvious and shows serial connection of LEDs. it is possible to connect LEDs on each strip in parallel mode or a combination of parallel and series modes, depending on design plan.

[24] Figure.4b shows a narrow strip of electronic board that right-angle socket is soldered on the board, by implementation of right-angle sockets, it is possible to reduce spacing between each two electronic boards to about 0.25cm to produce much more homogeneous and intense light. On the other hand it is possible to replace each individual LED.

[25] Figure.5 is a very close illustration of semi-cylindrical LED lamp (prototype) that spacing between each row is about 0.7 cm. This picture shows that strips of electronic board are attached to common fluorescent sockets, and a frame without front glass to show structure of the lamp very clear.

[26] Figure.6 shows the intensity pattern of light emitted by prototype semi-cylindrical lamp of figure.4, i.e. each two rows spaced 0.7 cm. more homogeneous light pattern has been resulted from prototype lamps having less space between LEDs.

[27] All pictures are taken from prototype semi-cylindrical LED lamp, that strips are spaced 0.7cm due to show electronic boards and structure of such lamp clearly, pictures of more closer LED lamps having very close LEDs, could not illustrate structure of semi-cylindrical LED lamp.

Best Mode

[28] Best shape or mode among all above mentioned problem is semi-cylindrical shape, because of very simple manufacturing and least difficulty and less expense for manufacturing process of such lamps. It is very efficient and does not need any new and specific frame, it is even possible to insert in an ordinary fluorescent lamp.

[29] Regarding, less irritating emitted light, hemisphere LED lamp is the most efficient type, because reduction of light intensity proportional to inverse of square of distance, then can be the preferable mode.

[30] cylindrical LED lamp that has the same shapes as an fluorescent lamp ( but various sizes) because of emitting light in all 360 degrees around it's axel, and because this type of LED lamp is attached on the ceiling, then the back ward light is partially absorbed by the frame, then this type of lamp can not be the most desirable type. Spherical and hemispherical types due to difficulties during manufacturing process can not be desirable types, then semi-cylindrical type is the most desirable type of LED lamps. Mode for Invention

[31] Modes for inventions of LED lamps are semi-cylindrical, cylindrical, spherical and hemispherical LED lamps.

[32] Semi-cylindrical LED lamp is prototyped mode of invention.

Industrial Applicability

[33] General purpose lighting lamps.

[34] Application of above mentioned invention is indoor or outdoor lighting lamps, i.e. lighting lamps that have all benefits of LED lamps like efficiency, long life-time, low heat generation, etc.... but solving problems of such lamps.